CN114183091A - Balanced type step-by-step unsealing packer and method - Google Patents
Balanced type step-by-step unsealing packer and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114183091A CN114183091A CN202010965354.5A CN202010965354A CN114183091A CN 114183091 A CN114183091 A CN 114183091A CN 202010965354 A CN202010965354 A CN 202010965354A CN 114183091 A CN114183091 A CN 114183091A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 123
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002332 oil field water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/128—Packers; Plugs with a member expanded radially by axial pressure
- E21B33/1285—Packers; Plugs with a member expanded radially by axial pressure by fluid pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
- E21B21/103—Down-hole by-pass valve arrangements, i.e. between the inside of the drill string and the annulus
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/06—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for setting packers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/1208—Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/12—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of casings or tubings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a balanced type step-by-step unsetting packer and a method, wherein the balanced type step-by-step unsetting packer comprises a central pipe, a rubber cylinder, a setting piston mechanism and a balance piston mechanism; the central tube comprises an upper central tube, a lower central tube and an outer central tube, the lower central tube is positioned below the upper central tube, the outer central tube is sleeved outside the lower half section of the upper central tube, an annular space is formed between the outer central tube and the upper central tube and serves as a well-flushing serial channel, the outer central tube is provided with a radial hole which can be communicated with the serial channel, and the lower end of the outer central tube is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lower central tube; the rubber cylinder is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer central pipe; the setting piston mechanism is connected to the lower central tube, and the upper end of the setting piston mechanism acts on the bottom of the rubber cylinder; and the balance piston mechanism is arranged outside the upper half section of the upper central tube. The invention is used for multi-stage subdivision water injection, gradually unseals during workover operation, cannot be unsealed accidentally under different working conditions, ensures safe and reliable use under different working conditions, and improves the sealing effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of packers for water injection in the field of oil extraction in oil fields, in particular to a balanced type step-by-step deblocking packer and a method.
Background
As the development of the oil field enters a high water-cut period, the main layer section has high water content, and in order to excavate a potential thin-difference non-main reservoir, subdivision water injection is needed to be carried out, the exploitation of the non-main layer is strengthened, and the water drive effect is improved. To multistage segmentation water injection tubular column, need play the tubular column out during workover, because a plurality of packers are for establishing ties and synchronous deblocking on the tubular column, then the deblocking power superposes, requires highly to operating equipment, and the tubular column plays out the degree of difficulty big.
Publication (bulletin) No.: CN111271020A, publication (public notice) day: 2020-06-12 relates to a rotary type step-by-step unset packer. The packer mainly solves the problem that the existing packer needs large lifting force and is easy to cause failure in deblocking. The method is characterized in that: the inner part of the upper joint (1) is connected with an upper central tube (7) through an anti-rotation locking block (3), a locking block pressing sleeve (6) is arranged below a step on the outer wall of the upper joint (1), and upper suspension sleeves (2) are arranged outside the upper joint (1) and the locking block pressing sleeve (6); the lower part of the upper hanging sleeve (2) is connected with a middle hanging sleeve (8), the bottom of the middle hanging sleeve (8) is connected with a flushing piston cylinder (11) through a connecting sleeve (10), a flushing piston (12) is arranged between the flushing piston cylinder (11) and a liner pipe (24), the lower part of the flushing piston cylinder (11) is connected with a lower hanging sleeve (18), and a locking block seat (17) is arranged between the lower hanging sleeve (18) and the liner pipe (24). This rotation type deblocking packer step by step can realize the deblocking through lifting the rotatory certain angle of tubular column again, and the deblocking pulling force is little, and the deblocking is reliable.
Publication (bulletin) No.: CN105464614B, publication (public notice) day: 2018-08-10 relates to a step-by-step deblocking washable well packer which comprises a main body connecting mechanism, a well washing mechanism, a rubber sleeve sealing mechanism, a locking mechanism and a step-by-step deblocking mechanism, wherein the main body connecting mechanism comprises an upper joint, a central pipe, a lower section of the central pipe and a lower joint, the upper joint, the central pipe and the lower section of the central pipe are sequentially in threaded connection, and the lower joint is connected with the lower section of the central pipe through the step-by-step deblocking mechanism; the well washing mechanism comprises an outer pipe connector, a well washing valve and a wave spring; the rubber cylinder sealing mechanism comprises an outer central pipe, an upper sealing valve, a group of rubber cylinders, a control head, a short connecting outer cylinder, an upper piston and a lower piston; the locking mechanism comprises a lock sleeve, a lock spring core pipe, a connector, a self-locking valve and a connector. The invention has scientific and reasonable structural design, reliable setting force performance and simple and convenient deblocking operation, meets the step-by-step deblocking requirements of the oil field subdivision and multilayer division separated injection requirements, and is a step-by-step deblocking washable well packer with higher innovation.
Publication (bulletin) No.: CN105756608A, publication (public notice) day: 2016-07-13 discloses a packer capable of being unsealed step by step, belonging to the technical field of oilfield water injection. Deblocking packer includes backwash well mechanism, sealing mechanism, locking deblocking mechanism and the setting mechanism that connects in order step by step, sealing mechanism has interior center tube and the outer center tube that cup joints each other, locking deblocking mechanism includes: the well cleaning device comprises a setting shear pin, a lifting joint, a well cleaning connecting sleeve, a locking ring baffle ring pin, a deblocking locking block, a locking ring baffle ring, an outer sleeve, a connecting head, a deblocking shear pin, a setting locking block, a setting sleeve, a connecting head rubber ring and a lower core pipe. This deblocking packer structure step by step has avoided tubular column lower part weight to the tired shearing of deblocking shear pin, has guaranteed the security of packer process of going into the well, has realized the smooth deblocking of packer, satisfies the requirement of multistage layering water injection well deblocking step by step.
Publication (bulletin) No.: CN102337854B, publication (public notice) day: 2014-08-27 a washable well type step-by-step deblocking packer, which comprises an upper joint, a central pipe, an upper working barrel, a well washing piston, a rubber barrel assembly, a balance piston, a fixed piston, a release piston, a clamp spring assembly, a release barrel, an outer working barrel and a lower joint, and is characterized in that the upper end of the rubber barrel assembly is provided with a spacer, the balance piston is assembled between the periphery of the upper part of the well washing working barrel and the upper working barrel, the outer part of the balance piston is provided with a limiting chute, the upper working barrel is assembled with a stop pin, and the inner end of the stop pin is positioned in the limiting chute; the upper part of the balance piston is in a thin-wall cylinder shape, a plurality of long grooves are uniformly formed in the upper part of the balance piston to form a plurality of elastic claws, a positioning boss is arranged on the inner side surface of the upper end of each elastic claw, and an annular positioning boss is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the well-flushing working cylinder; the outer surface of the elastic claw at the upper part of the balance piston is in circular sliding fit with the inner ring of the upper working cylinder. The packer has the advantages that during workover operation, lifting load is reduced, gradual deblocking is achieved, safety of ground equipment is guaranteed, operation efficiency is improved, oil production capacity is improved, and meanwhile, the balance piston can guarantee safe and reliable use of the packer when upper casing pressure is larger than lower casing pressure.
Publication (bulletin) No.: CN101498204B, publication (public notice) day: 2012-02-29 a balanced progressive unset washable well packer. The packer mainly solves the problems that an existing well washing packer is difficult to unseal, a rubber barrel is easy to lose efficacy, a well washing piston is easy to puncture and damage, and well blocking accidents are easy to cause. The method is characterized in that: the balance piston (13) is arranged at the upper end between the upper outer sleeve (4) and the inner central pipe (3), the balance piston (13) is fixedly connected with the outer part of the inner central pipe (3) through threads, and the balance piston (13) is fixedly connected with the inner part of the upper outer sleeve (4) through an unsealing pin (14); a sealing material (12) sealed with the outer central pipe (6) is arranged in a groove of the well washing piston (11), and the sealing material (12) is fixed in the groove through a steel wire framework (16); the upper and lower rubber cylinders (7) and the upper and lower shoulder rubber bodies are internally provided with braided fabrics (14). The balanced type step-by-step unsealing washable well packer has the characteristics of step-by-step unsealing, long service life of a rubber cylinder and a well washing piston, safety and reliability.
Publication (bulletin) No.: CN202810773U, publication (public notice) day: 2013-03-20, a balanced type step-by-step unsealing washable well packer. This balanced type deblocking washable well packer step by step includes the top connection, the top connection is connected with last working barrel, top connection and center tube are connected, the intracavity between last working barrel and the center tube is equipped with deblocking piston and well-flushing piston, well-flushing piston lower extreme is connected with the rubber ring gland, it connects with the deblocking cover to go up the working barrel lower extreme, the deblocking cover hangs with the deblocking and is connected, the center tube outer wall is equipped with the bushing pipe, the bushing pipe overcoat has two limit packing elements and a well packing element, separate with the spacer ring between, lower working barrel passes through the lower extreme internal thread and is connected with the lower clutch, limit packing element below is equipped with the catch and hangs, the catch is hung and is connected with lower working barrel, catch hangs the lower extreme and sits and seals piston connection, the catch is hung the lower extreme surface and sits and seals the open-ended catch in the recess that piston surface formed, lower working barrel lower extreme threaded connection has the lower clutch. The packer can be put into seven stages at a time in one well, and is unsealed step by step from top to bottom during unsealing.
In summary, the technical solutions of the above-disclosed technologies, the technical problems to be solved, and the advantageous effects thereof are all different from the present invention, or the technical fields or the application occasions are different, and no technical inspiration exists in the above-disclosed technical documents for more technical features, technical problems to be solved, and advantageous effects thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a balanced step-by-step unsealing packer and a balanced step-by-step unsealing method aiming at the defects in the prior art, the packer is used for multi-stage subdivision water injection, and is unsealed step by step during workover operation, and is not accidentally unsealed under different working conditions, so that the use safety and reliability under different working conditions are ensured, and the sealing effect is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a balanced type step-by-step unsetting packer comprises a central tube, a rubber cylinder, a setting piston mechanism and a balance piston mechanism;
the central tube comprises an upper central tube, a lower central tube and an outer central tube, the lower central tube is positioned below the upper central tube, the outer central tube is sleeved outside the lower half section of the upper central tube, an annular space is formed between the outer central tube and the upper central tube and serves as a well-flushing serial channel, the outer central tube is provided with a radial hole which can be communicated with the serial channel, and the lower end of the outer central tube is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lower central tube;
the rubber cylinder is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer central pipe;
the setting piston mechanism is connected to the lower central tube, and the upper end of the setting piston mechanism acts on the bottom of the rubber cylinder;
and the balance piston mechanism is arranged outside the upper half section of the upper central tube.
Further, the setting piston mechanism comprises a primary setting piston, a short section and a lock sleeve;
the upper end of the lock sleeve props against the rubber cylinder pressing cap, the upper end of the rubber cylinder pressing cap props against the lower end of the rubber cylinder, and the lock sleeve is provided with a radial backwashing flow-through hole;
the upper end of the short section is fixedly connected with the lower end of the lower central tube;
the primary setting piston is sleeved outside the short section, the upper end port of the primary setting piston is a first reducing port, the first reducing port is in sliding seal with the outer wall of the lower central tube, the inner wall of the primary setting piston and the outer wall of an outer expanding table at the upper end part of the short section are in sliding seal, the lower central tube is provided with a radial first setting liquid inlet hole, the first setting liquid inlet hole can be communicated with the lower space of the lower end face of the first reducing port, and the upper end face of the first reducing port abuts against the lower end face of the lock sleeve;
further, the setting piston mechanism further comprises a secondary setting piston, a lower joint and a lower retaining cap;
the upper end of the lower joint is fixedly connected with the lower end of the short section;
the second-stage setting piston is sleeved outside the lower joint, the upper port of the second-stage setting piston is a second reducing port, the second reducing port is in sliding seal with the outer wall of the short section, the inner wall of the second-stage setting piston and the outer wall of the outer expanding table at the upper end part of the lower joint are in sliding seal, the short section is provided with a second radial setting liquid inlet hole, the second setting liquid inlet hole can be communicated with the lower space of the lower end face of the second reducing port, and the upper end face of the second reducing port abuts against the lower end face of the first-stage setting piston;
the lower retaining cap is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower connector in a threaded mode, and the secondary setting piston is connected with the lower retaining cap through a setting shear pin.
Furthermore, a locking mechanism for preventing accidental unsealing is arranged between the lock sleeve and the outer central tube, and the locking mechanism comprises a lower locking block, a clamping ring seat and a clamping ring;
the clamping ring seat is sleeved outside the outer central tube and is positioned below the rubber cylinder;
the snap ring is nested in a snap ring groove formed in the outer wall of the snap ring seat, and the outer wall of the snap ring and the inner wall of the lock sleeve are simultaneously provided with mutually-acting lock teeth, namely a jaw buckle which can only move in a one-way mode;
the lower locking block is simultaneously arranged in a lower locking block hole formed in the outer central pipe and a lower locking block groove formed in the inner wall of the clamping ring seat.
Furthermore, the outer wall of the lower end of the upper central tube is connected with the outer wall of the lower end of the outer central tube in a sliding and sealing manner, the outer central tube is further provided with an upper lock block groove used for installing an upper lock block in the radial direction, and the radial inner end of the upper lock block can axially limit the upper end face of an outer convex ring table arranged on the outer wall of the upper central tube.
Further, the balance piston mechanism comprises a balance piston, a well washing sleeve, a well washing piston and an upper joint;
the upper joint is connected with the upper end of the upper central pipe;
the upper end of the well washing sleeve is connected with the upper joint through a deblocking shear pin, the lower end of the well washing sleeve props against a rubber cylinder seat at the upper end of a rubber cylinder, an upper blocking cap is arranged at the upper end of the well washing sleeve, and the lower end of the upper blocking cap axially limits the upper end surface of a limiting ring table at the outer wall of the upper joint;
the well washing piston is arranged in a space between the well washing sleeve and the upper central pipe, the well washing sleeve is provided with a well washing liquid inlet hole, and the well washing liquid inlet hole can be communicated with a series channel below the well washing piston;
the balance piston is arranged in a space between the well washing sleeve and the upper central pipe and is positioned above the well washing piston.
Further, the balance piston comprises a primary balance piston, a secondary balance piston and a tertiary balance piston;
the space between the well washing sleeve and the upper central pipe is provided with three balance piston cavities, namely a first-stage balance piston cavity, a second-stage balance piston cavity and a third-stage balance piston cavity, and two ends of each balance piston cavity are provided with limiting steps;
the first-stage balance piston is arranged in the first-stage balance piston cavity, and the upper central pipe is provided with a first balance liquid inlet hole communicated to the first-stage balance piston cavity;
the second-stage balance piston is arranged in the second-stage balance piston cavity, and the well washing sleeve is provided with a second balance liquid inlet hole communicated to the second-stage balance piston cavity;
the three-stage balance piston is arranged in the three-stage balance piston cavity, and the upper central pipe is provided with a third balance liquid inlet hole communicated to the three-stage balance piston cavity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a setting method of a balanced type step-by-step unset packer comprises the following steps:
setting: the packer is put into a well along with the pipe column, the pipe column is internally pressurized, liquid enters through a liquid inlet hole on an upper central pipe and acts on a well washing piston to seal a well washing channel, the liquid enters through a setting liquid inlet hole on a lower central pipe and a nipple and acts on a first-stage setting piston and a second-stage setting piston to drive a rubber cylinder pressure cap and a lock sleeve to move upwards to cut off a setting shear pin and extrude a rubber cylinder to expand radially to realize setting, the rubber cylinder pressure cap gives out a space to release an upper lock block and release the restriction on the upper central pipe and an outer central pipe, and the lock sleeve, a clamp ring seat and a clamp ring act together to ensure that the lock sleeve cannot move downwards relative to the clamp ring seat and the clamp ring and is still in a sealing state after the pressure in the pipe column is relieved;
the snap ring is provided with at least two stages, and the retraction distance can be reduced by matching and locking the multi-stage snap ring and the one-way sawtooth groove, so that the contact stress of the rubber cylinder and the sleeve is improved, and the sealing effect is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a water injection stress balancing method of a balanced type step-by-step unset packer comprises the following steps:
and (3) force balance during water injection: because the bottom of the whole water injection pipe column is provided with the one-way well washing valve, the whole pipe column is forced downwards; liquid enters through a liquid inlet hole in the upper central pipe, acts on the first-stage balance piston, the second-stage balance piston and the third-stage balance piston, and force transmission is realized by the outer surface of the upper central pipe and the step surface on the inner surface of the well washing sleeve; one-level balance piston, tertiary balance piston receive ascending power promotion well washing cover to extrude and connect on, second grade balance piston receives decurrent power to be acted on last center tube, because well washing cover, packing element seat, outer center tube, lower center tube, nipple joint, the mutual threaded connection of lower clutch, like this, need not supporting tool when this packer uses, ascending power still is greater than decurrent power all the time, the top connection compresses tightly with well washing cover all the time in opposite directions, the deblocking shear pin is atress not all the time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a well washing method of a balanced type step-by-step unset packer comprises the following steps:
a well washing step: the upper ring of the packer is pressurized in an empty mode, liquid enters through a liquid inlet hole in the lower end of the well washing sleeve and acts on the well washing piston to enable the well washing piston to move upwards, and the liquid inlet hole is communicated with an annular space between the upper central pipe and the outer central pipe. After the packer is sealed, the rubber cylinder seat and the lock sleeve move upwards, and an annular space between the upper central tube and the outer central tube, a radial hole formed in the outer central tube and a backwashing flow-through hole of the lock sleeve are communicated with each other; therefore, the upper annular liquid flows out from the flowback hole of the lock sleeve to enter the lower annular well washing from the liquid inlet hole at the lower end of the well washing sleeve, the annular space between the upper central tube and the outer central tube and the radial hole formed in the outer central tube.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a well flushing stress balancing method of a balanced type step-by-step unset packer comprises the following steps:
and (3) force balance during well flushing: when a well is washed, the well washing piston moves upwards, at the moment, well washing liquid can enter the well washing sleeve through a radial hole of the well washing sleeve and acts on the upper end face of the third-stage balance piston, the third-stage balance piston moves downwards, the stress area of the third-stage balance piston is larger than that of the well washing piston due to the same pressure of the well washing liquid, the overall stress is downward, and the downward force acts on the upper central pipe due to the fact that the outer surface of the upper central pipe is provided with the boss, and the deblocking shear pin is not stressed;
when the injection is stopped, the length of the pipe column below the packer is short, the gravity is small, the shearing force of the deblocking shear pin is far larger than the gravity of the pipe column, and the deblocking shear pin cannot be accidentally sheared due to the frictional resistance between the sealed packer and the casing pipe.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for unsealing and preventing overflowing during operation of a balanced type step-by-step unsealing packer comprises the following steps:
and (3) deblocking: lifting the pipe column, driving the upper joint and the upper central pipe to move upwards, cutting off the setting shear pin, stopping the upward movement of the upper joint by the upper blocking cap, making the lower end of the upper central pipe leave a space to release the lower locking block, moving the clamping ring seat, the clamping ring and the locking sleeve downwards together under the action of the resilience force of the rubber sleeve, and deblocking the packer; and after the upper lifting and unsealing, the lower end of the upper central pipe and the outer central pipe are unsealed, liquid in the oil pipe can flow out of the packer through a gap between the upper central pipe and the lower central pipe, a lower lock block hole of the outer central pipe or a radial hole formed in the outer central pipe, a gap between the rubber cylinder pressing cap and the snap ring seat and a backwashing overflow hole of the lock sleeve, so that the inside and the outside are communicated, and the overflowing operation is prevented.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the multistage piston balanced structure design need not supporting tool during the use, at various operating modes such as setting, water injection, well washing and stop annotating and operating mode conversion in-process, realizes that the deblocking shear pin is not atress, avoids unexpected deblocking in the working process.
2) The split type design of packer center tube, when lifting, the packer deblocking step by step from top to bottom does not have the condition of multistage packer deblocking shear pin atress simultaneously to the too big problem of deblocking power appears lifting because the progression is too much has been avoided to conventional packer. Meanwhile, after the upper central pipe is lifted up and unsealed, the upper central pipe moves upwards to remove the sealing between the upper central pipe and the outer central pipe, and a communication channel is established between the inner part and the outer part of the packer, so that the operation pipe lifting is prevented from being sprayed by explosion, and the environmental pollution is prevented.
3) The two-stage hydraulic piston seat seal increases the seat seal force, and the multistage snap ring is locked with the one-way sawtooth groove in a matching manner to reduce the retraction distance, so that the contact stress of the rubber cylinder and the sleeve is improved, and the sealing effect is improved.
4) The safety control mechanism is designed, the upper central pipe and the central pipe are integrated through the locking block, the deblocking shear pins are not stressed in the process of going into the well, the locking block is released after setting, and the upper central pipe and the lower central pipe are separated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a balanced type step-by-step unset packer according to the present invention.
In the figure: the well washing device comprises an upper joint 1, an upper blocking cap 2, a well washing sleeve 3, a deblocking shear pin 4, a first-stage balance piston 5, a second-stage balance piston 6, a third-stage balance piston 7, an upper central pipe 8, a well washing piston 9, a rubber cylinder seat 10, a rubber cylinder 11, an outer central pipe 12, a spacer ring 13, a rubber cylinder pressing cap 14, an upper locking block 15, a lower locking block 16, a locking sleeve 17, a snap ring seat 18, a snap ring 19, a lower central pipe 20, a first-stage setting piston 21, a short joint 22, a second-stage setting piston 23, a setting shear pin 24, a lower blocking cap 25 and a lower joint 26.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a balanced type step-by-step unsetting packer comprises a central tube, a rubber cylinder, a setting piston mechanism and a balance piston mechanism;
the central tube comprises an upper central tube 8, a lower central tube 20 and an outer central tube 12, the lower central tube is positioned below the upper central tube, the outer central tube is sleeved outside the lower half section of the upper central tube, an annular space is formed between the outer central tube and the upper central tube and serves as a well-flushing serial channel, the outer central tube is provided with radial holes which can be communicated with the serial channel, and the lower end of the outer central tube is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lower central tube;
the rubber cylinder 11 is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer central pipe;
the setting piston mechanism is connected to the lower central tube, and the upper end of the setting piston mechanism acts on the bottom of the rubber cylinder;
and the balance piston mechanism is arranged outside the upper half section of the upper central tube.
Further, the setting piston mechanism comprises a primary setting piston 21, a short joint 22 and a lock sleeve 17;
the upper end of the lock sleeve props against the rubber cylinder pressing cap, the upper end of the rubber cylinder pressing cap props against the lower end of the rubber cylinder, and the lock sleeve is provided with a radial backwashing flow-through hole;
the upper end of the short section is fixedly connected with the lower end of the lower central tube;
the primary setting piston is sleeved outside the short section, the upper end port of the primary setting piston is a first reducing port, the first reducing port is in sliding seal with the outer wall of the lower central tube, the inner wall of the primary setting piston and the outer wall of an outer expanding table at the upper end part of the short section are in sliding seal, the lower central tube is provided with a radial first setting liquid inlet hole, the first setting liquid inlet hole can be communicated with the lower space of the lower end face of the first reducing port, and the upper end face of the first reducing port abuts against the lower end face of the lock sleeve;
further, the setting piston mechanism further comprises a secondary setting piston 23, a lower joint 26 and a lower retaining cap 25;
the upper end of the lower joint is fixedly connected with the lower end of the short section;
the second-stage setting piston is sleeved outside the lower joint, the upper port of the second-stage setting piston is a second reducing port, the second reducing port is in sliding seal with the outer wall of the short section, the inner wall of the second-stage setting piston and the outer wall of the outer expanding table at the upper end part of the lower joint are in sliding seal, the short section is provided with a second radial setting liquid inlet hole, the second setting liquid inlet hole can be communicated with the lower space of the lower end face of the second reducing port, and the upper end face of the second reducing port abuts against the lower end face of the first-stage setting piston;
the lower retaining cap is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower connector in a threaded mode, and the secondary setting piston is connected with the lower retaining cap through a setting shear pin 24.
Further, a locking mechanism for preventing accidental unsealing is arranged between the lock sleeve and the outer central tube, and comprises a lower lock block 16, a clamp ring seat 18 and a clamp ring 19;
the clamping ring seat is sleeved outside the outer central tube and is positioned below the rubber cylinder;
the snap ring is nested in a snap ring groove formed in the outer wall of the snap ring seat, and the outer wall of the snap ring and the inner wall of the lock sleeve are simultaneously provided with mutually-acting lock teeth, namely a jaw buckle which can only move in a one-way mode; the snap ring groove that the snap ring seat outer wall was seted up is seted up two at least, and fluting quantity is not restricted, that is to say the installation multistage snap ring. Certainly, the multistage snap ring is locked with the one-way sawtooth groove in a matching mode to reduce the retraction distance, so that the contact stress of the rubber cylinder and the sleeve is improved, and the sealing effect is improved.
The lower locking block is simultaneously arranged in a lower locking block hole formed in the outer central pipe and a lower locking block groove formed in the inner wall of the clamping ring seat.
Furthermore, the outer wall of the lower end of the upper central tube is connected with the outer wall of the lower end of the outer central tube in a sliding and sealing manner, the outer central tube is further provided with an upper lock block groove used for installing an upper lock block 15 in the radial direction, and the radial inner end of the upper lock block can axially limit the upper end face of an outer convex ring boss arranged on the outer wall of the upper central tube.
Further, the balance piston mechanism comprises a balance piston, a well washing sleeve, a well washing piston and an upper joint;
the upper joint 1 is connected with the upper end of the upper central pipe;
the upper end of the well washing sleeve 3 is connected with the upper joint through the deblocking shear pin 4, the lower end of the well washing sleeve props against a rubber cylinder seat at the upper end of a rubber cylinder, an upper blocking cap is arranged at the upper end of the well washing sleeve, and the lower end of the upper blocking cap axially limits the upper end face of a limiting ring table at the outer wall of the upper joint;
the well washing piston 9 is arranged in a space between the well washing sleeve and the upper central pipe, the well washing sleeve is provided with a well washing liquid inlet hole, and the well washing liquid inlet hole can be communicated with a series channel below the well washing piston;
the balance piston is arranged in a space between the well washing sleeve and the upper central pipe and is positioned above the well washing piston.
Further, the balance pistons comprise a primary balance piston 5, a secondary balance piston 6 and a tertiary balance piston 7;
the space between the well washing sleeve and the upper central pipe is provided with three balance piston cavities, namely a first-stage balance piston cavity, a second-stage balance piston cavity and a third-stage balance piston cavity, and two ends of each balance piston cavity are provided with limiting steps;
the first-stage balance piston is arranged in the first-stage balance piston cavity, and the upper central pipe is provided with a first balance liquid inlet hole communicated to the first-stage balance piston cavity;
the second-stage balance piston is arranged in the second-stage balance piston cavity, and the well washing sleeve is provided with a second balance liquid inlet hole communicated to the second-stage balance piston cavity;
the three-stage balance piston is arranged in the three-stage balance piston cavity, and the upper central pipe is provided with a third balance liquid inlet hole communicated to the three-stage balance piston cavity.
The balanced type step-by-step unsealing washable well packer comprises an upper joint 1, an upper blocking cap 2, a well washing sleeve 3, an unsealing shear pin 4, a first-stage balance piston 5, a second-stage balance piston 6, a third-stage balance piston 7, an upper central tube 8, a well washing piston 9, a rubber tube seat 10, a rubber tube 11, an outer central tube 12, a spacer ring 13, a rubber tube pressing cap 14, an upper locking block 15, a lower locking block 16, a locking sleeve 17, a clamping ring seat 18, a clamping ring 19, a lower central tube 20, a first-stage setting piston 21, a short joint 22, a second-stage setting piston 23, a setting shear pin 24, a lower blocking cap 25 and a lower joint 26. The upper joint 1 and the upper central pipe 8 are connected through threads; the upper baffle cap 2 is in threaded connection with the well washing sleeve 3, is arranged outside the upper joint 1 and can slide; the well washing sleeve 3 is connected with the upper joint 1 through the deblocking shear pin 4; three- stage balance pistons 5, 6 and 7 and a well washing piston 9 are arranged in an annular space between the well washing sleeve 3 and the upper central pipe 8; the outer surface of the upper central tube 8 is provided with four sections of step surfaces with different outer diameters, and the inner surface of the well washing sleeve 3 is provided with three sections of step surfaces with different inner diameters, so that the moving ranges of the three- stage balance pistons 5, 6 and 7 and the well washing piston are limited, and force is transferred. The well washing sleeve 3 is in threaded connection with the rubber cylinder seat 10; the well washing piston 9 and the rubber cylinder seat 10 can form contact sealing; the rubber cylinder base 10 is in threaded connection with the outer central tube 12; the outer surface of the outer central tube 12 is provided with a rubber cylinder 11, a spacer ring 13 and a rubber cylinder pressure cap 14; the outer central tube 12 is connected with the upper central tube 8 through an upper locking block 15, and a rubber cylinder pressing cap 14 is arranged outside the upper locking block 15; the outer central tube 12 is connected with one end of a snap ring seat 18 through a lower locking block 16; the other end of the snap ring seat 18 is provided with a snap ring 19; a lock sleeve 17 is arranged outside the snap ring seat 18, and the lock sleeve 17 is in threaded connection with the rubber cylinder seat 10 and the primary setting piston 21; the nipple 22 is in threaded connection with the outer central tube 12 and the lower joint 26; the primary setting piston 21 is arranged outside the short section 22, and forms sealing and sliding with the lower central tube 20 and the short section 22; the secondary setting piston 23 is arranged outside the lower joint 26, and forms sealing and sliding with the short joint 22 and the lower joint 26; the secondary setting piston 23 is connected with the lower retaining cap 25 through a setting shear pin 24; the lower retainer cap 25 is threadedly coupled to the lower joint 26.
The working principle is as follows:
setting: the packer is put into a well along with the pipe column, the pipe column is internally pressurized, liquid enters through a liquid inlet hole on an upper central pipe 8 and acts on a well washing piston 9 to seal a well washing channel, the liquid enters through liquid inlet holes on a lower central pipe 20 and a short section 22 and acts on a first-stage setting piston 21 and a second-stage setting piston 23 to drive a rubber cylinder pressure cap 14 and a lock sleeve 17 to move upwards so as to cut off a setting shear pin 24 and extrude the rubber cylinder to expand radially to realize setting, meanwhile, the rubber cylinder pressure cap 14 gives out space to release an upper lock block 15 and remove the restriction on the upper central pipe 8 and an outer central pipe 12, meanwhile, the lock sleeve 17, a clamp ring seat 18 and a clamp ring 19 act together to ensure that the lock sleeve 17 cannot move downwards relative to the clamp ring seat 18 and the clamp ring 19, and the packer is still in a sealing state after the pressure in the pipe column is removed;
under the effect of the setting force, the snap ring can only move in one way after entering the lock teeth on the inner wall of the lock sleeve, and after the setting pressure relief is completed, under the effect of the resilience force of the rubber barrel, the snap ring can return a distance and then acts on the lock teeth on the inner wall of the lock sleeve, and does not continue to return. The larger the backset distance is, the more the contact stress of the rubber sleeve and the casing is reduced, and the poorer the sealing effect of the packer is. Therefore, the return distance can be reduced by matching and locking the multistage snap ring and the unidirectional sawtooth groove, so that the contact stress of the rubber cylinder and the sleeve is improved, and the sealing effect is improved. In the embodiment of the patent, a two-stage snap ring is used to reduce the backset distance, but the invention is not limited to two stages in practical application.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
the stress is balanced during setting and water injection, and the whole water injection pipe column is forced downwards due to the one-way well washing valve arranged at the bottom of the whole water injection pipe column. Liquid enters through a liquid inlet hole in the upper central pipe 8, acts on the first-stage balance piston 5, the second-stage balance piston 6 and the third-stage balance piston 7, and force is transmitted by means of the outer surface of the upper central pipe 8 and the step surface of the inner surface of the well washing sleeve 3. One-level balance piston 5, tertiary balance piston 7 receives ascending power promotion well washing cover 3 extrusion top connection 1, second grade balance piston 6 receives decurrent power to be done with on last center tube 8, because well washing cover 3, packing element seat 10, outer center tube 12, lower center tube 20, nipple joint 22, the mutual threaded connection of lower clutch 26, like this, need not supporting tool when this packer uses, ascending power still is greater than decurrent power all the time (decurrent power includes packer and following tubular column gravity, the tubular column receives decurrent hydraulic pressure force), top connection 1 compresses tightly with well washing cover 3 all the time in opposite directions, deblocking shear pin 4 is not atress all the time.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
and (3) flushing, namely, performing annular pressure on the upper ring of the packer, enabling liquid to enter through a liquid inlet hole at the lower end of the flushing sleeve 3 and act on the flushing piston 9 to enable the flushing piston 9 to move upwards, and enabling the liquid inlet hole to be communicated with an annular space between the upper central tube 8 and the outer central tube 12. After the packer is set, the rubber sleeve seat 10 and the lock sleeve 17 go upwards, and an annular space between the upper central tube 8 and the outer central tube 12, a radial hole formed in the outer central tube 12 and a backwashing flow-through hole of the lock sleeve 17 are communicated with each other. Therefore, the upper annular liquid flows out from the overflow hole of the reverse flushing well of the lock sleeve 17 from the liquid inlet hole at the lower end of the flushing sleeve 3, through the annular space between the upper central tube 8 and the outer central tube 12 and the radial hole formed in the outer central tube 12, and enters the lower annular flushing well.
Example 4:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
and (2) during well washing, the well washing piston 9 moves upwards, the well washing liquid can enter the well washing sleeve through a radial hole of the well washing sleeve and acts on the upper end surface of the third-stage balance piston 7, the third-stage balance piston 7 moves downwards, the stress area of the third-stage balance piston 7 is larger than that of the well washing piston 9 due to the same pressure of the well washing liquid, the whole stress is downward, and the downward force acts on the upper central pipe 8 due to the boss on the outer surface of the upper central pipe 8, so that the deblocking shear pins 4 are not stressed.
When stopping injection: because the length of the pipe column below the packer is shorter, the gravity is smaller, the shearing force of the deblocking shear pin 4 is far larger than the gravity of the pipe column, and the frictional resistance exists between the sealed packer and the casing pipe, so that the deblocking shear pin 4 cannot be accidentally sheared.
Example 5:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
deblocking and anti-counterfeiting spraying: the upper pipe column is lifted upwards to drive the upper joint 1 and the upper central pipe 8 to move upwards, the setting shear pin 4 is cut off, the upper joint 1 is blocked by the upper blocking cap 2 after moving upwards for a certain distance to stop moving upwards, at the moment, the lower end of the upper central pipe 8 gives up a space to release the lower locking block 16, the clamping ring seat 18, the clamping ring 19 and the locking sleeve 17 move downwards together under the action of resilience force of the rubber sleeve, and the packer is unsealed. And after the upper lifting and the unsealing, the lower end of the upper central tube 8 and the outer central tube 12 are unsealed, and liquid in the oil tube can flow out of the packer through a gap between the upper central tube 8 and the lower central tube 20, a lower lock block hole of the outer central tube 12, a gap between the rubber tube pressing cap 14 and the clamp ring seat 18 and a backwashing overflow hole of the lock sleeve 17, so that the internal and external communication is realized, and the blowout operation is prevented.
The step-by-step two in the concept of step-by-step unsealing in the name of the invention is not the unsealing action performed by a single packer, but the invention refers to the process that the packer is continuously connected with a plurality of or at least two packers in a tubular column in a well, each packer is used as one of the packers, and then all the packers are sequentially unsealed, namely step-by-step unsealing. This type of packer is commonly referred to as a progressive unset packer.
All parts and parts which are not discussed in the present application and the connection mode of all parts and parts in the present application belong to the known technology in the technical field, and are not described again. Such as welding, threaded connections, etc.
In the present invention, the term "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise. The terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; "coupled" may be direct or indirect through an intermediary. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or unit must have a specific direction, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A balanced type step-by-step unsetting packer comprises a central tube, a rubber cylinder, a setting piston mechanism and a balance piston mechanism;
the device is characterized in that the central tube comprises an upper central tube, a lower central tube and an outer central tube, wherein the lower central tube is positioned below the upper central tube, the outer central tube is sleeved outside the lower half section of the upper central tube, an annular space is formed between the outer central tube and the upper central tube and serves as a well-flushing serial channel, the outer central tube is provided with a radial hole which can be communicated with the serial channel, and the lower end of the outer central tube is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lower central tube;
the rubber cylinder is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer central pipe;
the setting piston mechanism is connected to the lower central tube, and the upper end of the setting piston mechanism acts on the bottom of the rubber cylinder;
and the balance piston mechanism is arranged outside the upper half section of the upper central tube.
2. The balanced progressive unsetting packer of claim 1, wherein the setting piston mechanism comprises a primary setting piston, a nipple, a lock sleeve, a secondary setting piston, a lower joint, and a lower stop cap;
the upper end of the lock sleeve props against the rubber cylinder pressing cap, the upper end of the rubber cylinder pressing cap props against the lower end of the rubber cylinder, and the lock sleeve is provided with a radial backwashing flow-through hole;
the upper end of the short section is fixedly connected with the lower end of the lower central tube;
the primary setting piston is sleeved outside the short section, the upper end port of the primary setting piston is a first reducing port, the first reducing port is in sliding seal with the outer wall of the lower central tube, the inner wall of the primary setting piston and the outer wall of an outer expanding table at the upper end part of the short section are in sliding seal, the lower central tube is provided with a radial first setting liquid inlet hole, the first setting liquid inlet hole can be communicated with the lower space of the lower end face of the first reducing port, and the upper end face of the first reducing port abuts against the lower end face of the lock sleeve;
the upper end of the lower joint is fixedly connected with the lower end of the short section;
the second-stage setting piston is sleeved outside the lower joint, the upper port of the second-stage setting piston is a second reducing port, the second reducing port is in sliding seal with the outer wall of the short section, the inner wall of the second-stage setting piston and the outer wall of the outer expanding table at the upper end part of the lower joint are in sliding seal, the short section is provided with a second radial setting liquid inlet hole, the second setting liquid inlet hole can be communicated with the lower space of the lower end face of the second reducing port, and the upper end face of the second reducing port abuts against the lower end face of the first-stage setting piston;
the lower retaining cap is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower connector in a threaded mode, and the secondary setting piston is connected with the lower retaining cap through a setting shear pin.
3. The balanced type progressive unsetting packer as claimed in claim 2, wherein a locking mechanism for preventing accidental unsetting is installed between the lock sleeve and the outer central tube, and the locking mechanism comprises a lower lock block, a clamp ring seat and a clamp ring;
the clamping ring seat is sleeved outside the outer central tube and is positioned below the rubber cylinder;
the snap ring is nested in a snap ring groove formed in the outer wall of the snap ring seat, and the outer wall of the snap ring and the inner wall of the lock sleeve are simultaneously provided with mutually-acting lock teeth, namely a jaw buckle which can only move in a one-way mode;
the lower locking block is simultaneously arranged in a lower locking block hole formed in the outer central pipe and a lower locking block groove formed in the inner wall of the clamping ring seat.
4. The balanced type progressive unsetting packer as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a locking mechanism for preventing the force applied to the unsetting shear pin in the process of going down the well is installed between the upper central tube and the outer central tube, and the locking mechanism comprises an upper locking block;
the outer wall of the lower end of the upper central tube is connected with the outer wall of the lower end of the outer central tube in a sliding and sealing mode, the outer central tube is further provided with an upper lock block groove used for installing an upper lock block in the radial direction, and the radial inner end of the upper lock block can axially limit the upper end face of an outer convex ring platform arranged on the outer wall of the upper central tube.
5. The balanced progressive unsetting packer of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the balanced piston mechanism comprises a balanced piston, a well flushing sleeve, a well flushing piston, an upper joint;
the upper joint is connected with the upper end of the upper central pipe;
the upper end of the well washing sleeve is connected with the upper joint through a deblocking shear pin, the lower end of the well washing sleeve props against a rubber cylinder seat at the upper end of a rubber cylinder, an upper blocking cap is arranged at the upper end of the well washing sleeve, and the lower end of the upper blocking cap axially limits the upper end surface of a limiting ring table at the outer wall of the upper joint;
the well washing piston is arranged in a space between the well washing sleeve and the upper central pipe, the well washing sleeve is provided with a well washing liquid inlet hole, and the well washing liquid inlet hole can be communicated with a series channel below the well washing piston;
the balance piston is arranged in a space between the well washing sleeve and the upper central pipe and is positioned above the well washing piston;
the balance piston comprises a first-stage balance piston, a second-stage balance piston and a third-stage balance piston;
the space between the well washing sleeve and the upper central pipe is provided with three balance piston cavities, namely a first-stage balance piston cavity, a second-stage balance piston cavity and a third-stage balance piston cavity, and two ends of each balance piston cavity are provided with limiting steps;
the first-stage balance piston is arranged in the first-stage balance piston cavity, and the upper central pipe is provided with a first balance liquid inlet hole communicated to the first-stage balance piston cavity;
the second-stage balance piston is arranged in the second-stage balance piston cavity, and the well washing sleeve is provided with a second balance liquid inlet hole communicated to the second-stage balance piston cavity;
the three-stage balance piston is arranged in the three-stage balance piston cavity, and the upper central pipe is provided with a third balance liquid inlet hole communicated to the three-stage balance piston cavity.
6. A setting method of a balanced type step-by-step unset packer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
setting: the packer is put into a well along with the pipe column, the pipe column is internally pressurized, liquid enters through a liquid inlet hole on an upper central pipe and acts on a well washing piston to seal a well washing channel, the liquid enters through a setting liquid inlet hole on a lower central pipe and a nipple and acts on a first-stage setting piston and a second-stage setting piston to drive a rubber cylinder pressure cap and a lock sleeve to move upwards to cut off a setting shear pin and extrude a rubber cylinder to expand radially to realize setting, the rubber cylinder pressure cap gives out a space to release an upper lock block and release the restriction on the upper central pipe and an outer central pipe, and the lock sleeve, a clamp ring seat and a clamp ring act together to ensure that the lock sleeve cannot move downwards relative to the clamp ring seat and the clamp ring and is still in a sealing state after the pressure in the pipe column is relieved;
the snap ring is provided with at least two stages, and the retraction distance can be reduced by matching and locking the multi-stage snap ring and the one-way sawtooth groove, so that the contact stress of the rubber cylinder and the sleeve is improved, and the sealing effect is improved.
7. A stress balancing method for water injection of a balanced type step-by-step unset packer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and (3) force balance during water injection: because the bottom of the whole water injection pipe column is provided with the one-way well washing valve, the whole pipe column is forced downwards; liquid enters through a first balanced liquid inlet hole and a third balanced liquid inlet hole in the upper central pipe, acts on the first-stage balanced piston, the second-stage balanced piston and the third-stage balanced piston, and realizes force transmission by means of the outer surface of the upper central pipe and the step surface on the inner surface of the well washing sleeve; one-level balance piston, tertiary balance piston receive ascending power promotion well washing cover to extrude and connect on, second grade balance piston receives decurrent power to be acted on last center tube, because well washing cover, packing element seat, outer center tube, lower center tube, nipple joint, the mutual threaded connection of lower clutch, like this, need not supporting tool when this packer uses, ascending power is greater than decurrent power all the time, the top connection compresses tightly with well washing cover all the time in opposite directions, the deblocking shear pin is atress not all the time.
8. A well washing method of a balanced type step-by-step unset packer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a well washing step: the upper ring of the packer is pressurized in an empty mode, liquid enters through a liquid inlet hole in the lower end of the well washing sleeve and acts on the well washing piston to enable the well washing piston to move upwards, and the liquid inlet hole is communicated with an annular space between the upper central pipe and the outer central pipe. After the packer is sealed, the rubber cylinder seat and the lock sleeve move upwards, and an annular space between the upper central tube and the outer central tube, a radial hole formed in the outer central tube and a backwashing flow-through hole of the lock sleeve are communicated with each other; therefore, the upper annular liquid flows out from the flowback hole of the lock sleeve to enter the lower annular well washing from the liquid inlet hole at the lower end of the well washing sleeve, the annular space between the upper central tube and the outer central tube and the radial hole formed in the outer central tube.
9. A well washing stress balance method of a balanced type step-by-step unset packer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and (3) force balance during well flushing: when a well is washed, the well washing piston moves upwards, at the moment, well washing liquid can enter the well washing sleeve through a second balanced liquid inlet hole of the well washing sleeve and acts on the upper end face of the third-stage balance piston, the third-stage balance piston moves downwards, the stress area of the third-stage balance piston is larger than that of the well washing piston due to the same pressure of the well washing liquid, the whole stress is downward, and the downward force acts on the upper central pipe due to the fact that the boss is arranged on the outer surface of the upper central pipe, and the shear pin is not stressed when being unlocked; meanwhile, flushing fluid enters the flushing sleeve through a second balanced fluid inlet hole of the flushing sleeve, acts on the lower end face of the secondary balance piston, the secondary balance piston moves upwards, and an upward force acts on the flushing sleeve due to the step face on the inner surface of the flushing sleeve; because the flushing sleeve and the upper joint are not sealed, flushing fluid conducts pressure to the upper end face of the primary balance piston through the gap, so that the primary balance piston is forced to move downwards, and the downward force is applied to the upper central pipe due to the fact that the boss is arranged on the outer surface of the upper central pipe. In conclusion, the upper joint and the central pipe are stressed downwards, the well washing sleeve is stressed upwards, the upper joint and the well washing sleeve are always pressed in opposite directions, and the unsealing shear pin is not stressed all the time.
When the injection is stopped, the length of the pipe column below the packer is short, the gravity is small, the shearing force of the deblocking shear pin is far larger than the gravity of the pipe column, and the deblocking shear pin cannot be accidentally sheared due to the frictional resistance between the sealed packer and the casing pipe.
10. A balanced type step-by-step unset packer operation unset and anti-overflow spraying method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and (3) deblocking: lifting the pipe column, driving the upper joint and the upper central pipe to move upwards, cutting off the setting shear pin, stopping the upward movement of the upper joint by the upper blocking cap, making the lower end of the upper central pipe leave a space to release the lower locking block, moving the clamping ring seat, the clamping ring and the locking sleeve downwards together under the action of the resilience force of the rubber sleeve, and deblocking the packer; and after the upper lifting and unsealing, the lower end of the upper central pipe and the outer central pipe are unsealed, liquid in the oil pipe can flow out of the packer through a gap between the upper central pipe and the lower central pipe, a lower lock block hole of the outer central pipe or a radial hole formed in the outer central pipe, a gap between the rubber cylinder pressing cap and the snap ring seat and a backwashing overflow hole of the lock sleeve, so that the inside and the outside are communicated, and the overflowing operation is prevented.
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| CN202010965354.5A CN114183091A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | Balanced type step-by-step unsealing packer and method |
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| CN202010965354.5A CN114183091A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | Balanced type step-by-step unsealing packer and method |
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