CN114182155A - Method for preparing ferronickel by reinforcing laterite-nickel ore with waste gypsum - Google Patents
Method for preparing ferronickel by reinforcing laterite-nickel ore with waste gypsum Download PDFInfo
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- CN114182155A CN114182155A CN202111406050.6A CN202111406050A CN114182155A CN 114182155 A CN114182155 A CN 114182155A CN 202111406050 A CN202111406050 A CN 202111406050A CN 114182155 A CN114182155 A CN 114182155A
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZADYMNAVLSWLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Si+4] ZADYMNAVLSWLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for preparing ferronickel by reinforcing laterite-nickel ore by using waste gypsum; the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively pretreating the laterite-nickel ore and the waste gypsum to obtain material particles, uniformly mixing the laterite-nickel ore, a reducing agent and the waste gypsum, adding an adhesive to prepare a mixed pellet, fully and automatically reducing the mixed pellet in an inert atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere to obtain a self-reduction product, selectively oxidizing the self-reduction product in a weak oxidizing atmosphere to obtain an oxidation product, and realizing the melting separation of metal and gangue in a protective atmosphere to obtain the high-grade ferronickel alloy. The method fully utilizes the waste gypsum in the industrial solid waste, reduces the harm of the waste gypsum to the environment, ensures that the metal particles of the laterite-nickel ore are easier to grow up under the condition of the self-reduction process, improves the yield of the nickel-iron particles, and simultaneously separates the metal from gangue after the selective oxidation product is melted, thereby obtaining the high-grade nickel-iron alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for preparing ferronickel by reinforcing laterite-nickel ore by using waste gypsum.
Background
Nickel has good corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, rust prevention and other performances, is widely applied to the field of steel manufacturing such as stainless steel, alloy steel and the like, and the consumption of primary nickel resources is accelerated by the rapid increase of the global stainless steel yield. The native nickel resource is mainly derived from nickel sulfide ore and laterite-nickel ore, and along with gradual depletion of nickel sulfide ore resources and increase of mining difficulty and cost, nickel metal is extracted from the laterite-nickel ore to become a main source of the native nickel resource. The laterite nickel ore has complex phase structure, nickel and iron in the saprolite type laterite nickel ore usually exist in the magnesiosilicate ore in a 'isomorphism' form, and the traditional ore dressing method is difficult to effectively enrich nickel. At present, the treatment method mainly adopts the self-reduction-magnetic separation method, but because the contents of nickel and iron are low, the metal particles after self-reduction are fine and are dispersedly embedded in the silico-magnesian salt minerals, the metal particles are not easy to be separated from gangue through the magnetic separation, and in order to improve the yield of the nickel iron, a proper additive is required to be added in the self-reduction process of the laterite-nickel ore so as to promote the fine metal particles to grow and agglomerate.
The industrial waste gypsum has wide sources and huge yield, most of the treatment modes of the industrial waste gypsum are stacking treatment at present, but the industrial waste gypsum often contains heavy metal ions such as arsenic, chromium and the like, and the long-term storage causes huge harm to the environment, so a proper treatment mode is found, and the secondary utilization of resources can be preferably realized.
Li Haozi et al reported that CaO promotes the formation of a liquid phase in gangue and reduces the viscosity of molten slag in a study on the agglomeration mechanism of metal particles in a semi-molten slag of carbon-containing pellets of laterite-nickel ore, and is beneficial to the agglomeration growth of metal particles; but the agglomeration rate of the metal particles is slow, so that the yield of the nickel-iron alloy is low, and the grade of the nickel-iron alloy is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing ferronickel by strengthening laterite-nickel ore by using waste gypsum, wherein the waste gypsum is used for promoting the growth and agglomeration of fine metal particles in the self-reduction process of the laterite-nickel ore, so that the method is beneficial to actual production, and the method mainly aims at low-grade laterite-nickel ore in a saprolite type to realize the recycling of industrial waste.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the aim of the invention is a method for preparing ferronickel by reinforcing laterite-nickel ore by using waste gypsum, which comprises the following steps:
s1: pretreating the laterite-nickel ore to obtain laterite-nickel ore particles;
s2: pretreating waste gypsum to obtain waste gypsum particles;
s3: uniformly mixing the laterite-nickel ore, a reducing agent and waste gypsum to obtain a mixed material;
s4: adding an adhesive into the mixed material to obtain mixed pellets, and drying;
s5: fully self-reducing the dried mixed pellets in an inert atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere to obtain a self-reduction product;
s6: selectively oxidizing the self-reduction product in a weak oxidizing atmosphere to obtain an oxidation product;
s7: and melting the oxidation product in a protective atmosphere to realize melting separation of metal and gangue, thereby obtaining the high-grade nickel-iron alloy.
Specifically, the pretreatment of the laterite-nickel ore comprises the steps of drying the laterite-nickel ore in an oven at 110-130 ℃, primarily breaking the laterite-nickel ore by using a crusher, and finely grinding the laterite-nickel ore into laterite-nickel ore particles by using a ball mill; the waste gypsum pretreatment comprises the steps of drying the waste gypsum in an oven at 110-130 ℃, grinding the waste gypsum into powder as much as possible, and grinding particles into fine powder as much as possible; in step S4, the obtained mixed pellets are dried at 110 to 130 ℃ for use.
Further, the adding amount of the waste gypsum is 5-20% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore.
Further, the reducing agent is a carbon-containing reducing agent, and the mole number of carbon atoms in the reducing agent is more than 10-40% of the sum of the mole numbers of oxygen atoms in nickel and iron oxides in the laterite-nickel ore.
Further, the reducing agent is at least one of lignite, anthracite and coke powder.
Further, in the step S5, the mixed pellet is fully self-reduced at 900-1350 ℃ in an inert atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere.
Further, the inert atmosphere is N2At least one of Ar and Ar; the reducing atmosphere is CO and H2At least one of (1).
Further, in the step S6, the oxidation temperature of the self-reduction product in the weakly oxidizing atmosphere is 600 ℃ or higher, and the oxidation time is greater than 30 min.
Further, the weak oxidizing atmosphere is CO2And N2Mixed atmosphere, CO2And one of mixed atmospheres of CO and CO2The volume percentage is higher than 35%.
Further, in the step S1, after the laterite-nickel ore is pretreated, the mass fraction of the laterite-nickel ore with the grain size smaller than 0.125mm is larger than 90%.
Further, in the step S7, the oxidation product is in N2Or melting in Ar atmosphere at 1550 deg.C to separate metal from gangue and obtain high-grade ferronickel alloy.
The mechanism of the method for preparing the ferronickel is as follows: under the action of sufficient reducing agent and waste gypsum, the metal particles obtained by reducing the laterite-nickel ore are easy to accumulate and grow. The main component of the waste gypsum is CaSO4Which decompose to S during self-reduction2And CaO, the formed Fe-FeS eutectic promotes the migration of metal particles, and CaO reacts with the magnesium silicate in the gangue to form a certain liquid phase, so that the migration of the metal particles in the gangue is facilitated. The metal particles are rapidly agglomerated and grown under the combined action of Fe-FeS eutectic and CaO, and Fe in the molten ferronickel alloy after agglomeration is carried out by CO2And Ni is not oxidized, so that the grade of ferronickel is improved.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the method for preparing the ferronickel fully utilizes the waste gypsum in the industrial solid waste, reduces the harm of the waste gypsum to the environment, enables metal particles of the laterite-nickel ore to grow more easily under the condition of the self-reduction process, improves the yield of the ferronickel particles, and simultaneously separates the metal from gangue after the selective oxidation product is melted, so as to obtain high-grade ferronickel alloy and also improve the grade of the ferronickel alloy;
2) according to the method for preparing the ferronickel, the laterite-nickel ore is subjected to self-reduction in an inert atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere and then is selectively oxidized in a weak oxidizing atmosphere, so that the agglomeration of the ferronickel alloy can be promoted, the growth of metal particles can be promoted, and CO can be realized2And (5) resource utilization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing ferronickel by reinforcing laterite-nickel ore with waste gypsum.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of certain features may be exaggerated for clarity.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific examples.
The chemical components of the laterite-nickel ore used in the embodiment are shown in table 1 below, and laterite-nickel ore is dried and crushed to-3 mm in advance to obtain laterite-nickel ore powder.
Table 1 lateritic nickel ore chemical composition (%)
The flow chart of the method for preparing ferronickel from the laterite-nickel ore is shown in the attached figure 1 of the specification, the Ni/(Fe + Ni) content of the laterite-nickel ore is 7.96%, and the specific embodiment is described in detail below.
Example 1
Drying the laterite-nickel oreDrying and crushing to-3 mm, adding 7.88 wt.% anthracite, oven drying and grinding waste gypsum to powder (CaSO thereof)4Content of 90%) was added in 8 wt.%. Mixing the raw materials, pelletizing, and placing in an atmosphere furnace (N)2) Fully reducing at an internal temperature of 1210 ℃ and 1300 ℃, and fully reducing the self-reduction product in CO2/(CO2+N2) Oxidizing in furnace at 50% atmosphere at 1000 deg.C for 50 min, and isolating with N in the absence of air2Heating to 1500-1550 ℃ in the environment, and preserving the heat for 30 minutes to fully separate the metal and the slag. Through experimental analysis, the nickel and iron contents in the ferronickel product are respectively 30.15% and 70.85%, and the nickel and iron recovery rates are respectively 82.11% and 67.34%.
Example 2
Drying and crushing the laterite-nickel ore to-3 mm, adding 7.88 wt.% of anthracite, drying and grinding waste gypsum into powder (CaSO thereof)4Content of 90%) was added as 12 wt.%. Mixing the raw materials, pelletizing, and placing in an atmosphere furnace (N)2) Fully reducing at an internal temperature of 1210 ℃ and 1300 ℃, and fully reducing the self-reduction product in CO2/(CO2+N2) The oxidation is carried out along with the furnace under the atmosphere of 50 percent, the temperature of the oxidation is 1000 ℃, and the time is 50 minutes. Then in N isolated from air2Heating to 1500-1550 ℃ in the environment, and preserving the heat for 30 minutes to fully separate the metal and the slag. Through experimental analysis, the nickel and iron contents in the ferronickel product are respectively 33.27 percent and 66.73 percent, and the recovery rates of the nickel and the iron are respectively 90.13 percent and 80.09 percent.
Example 3
Drying and crushing the laterite-nickel ore to-3 mm, adding 7.88 wt.% of anthracite, drying and grinding waste gypsum into powder (CaSO thereof)4Content of 90%) was added as 16 wt.%. Mixing the raw materials, pelletizing, and placing in an atmosphere furnace (N)2) Fully reducing at an internal temperature of 1210 ℃ and 1300 ℃, and fully reducing the self-reduction product in CO2/(CO2+N2) The oxidation is carried out along with the furnace under the atmosphere of 50 percent, the temperature of the oxidation is 1000 ℃, and the time is 50 minutes. Then heating to 1500-1550 ℃ in the air-isolated environment, and preserving the heat for 30 minutes to fully separate the metal and the slag. Through experimental analysis, the contents of nickel and iron in the ferronickel product are respectively 38.23 percent and61.77 percent, and the recovery rates of nickel and iron are 92.17 percent and 81.54 percent respectively.
In the embodiments 1, 2 and 3, after the waste gypsum is added, the recovery rates of nickel and iron in the laterite-nickel ore product through the self-reduction process are both higher than 80%, so that the waste gypsum has an obvious effect of promoting the growth of metal particles, and the recovery rates of nickel and iron can be obviously improved.
In conclusion, the invention provides a method for preparing ferronickel by strengthening laterite-nickel ore by using waste gypsum, which comprises the steps of respectively drying laterite-nickel ore and waste gypsum at 110 ℃ and grinding to obtain laterite-nickel ore powder and waste gypsum powder, and then uniformly mixing laterite-nickel ore, a reducing agent and waste gypsum, wherein the addition amount of waste gypsum is 5-20% of the mass of laterite-nickel ore, the addition amount of the reducing agent must ensure that nickel and iron oxides in laterite-nickel ore are fully reduced, and 10-40% of excessive carbon exists in a reduction product, so as to ensure that nickel and iron oxides in laterite-nickel ore are fully reduced; the mixed material is self-reduced at 900-4Which decompose to S during self-reduction2And CaO, the formed Fe-FeS eutectic promotes the migration of metal particles, and CaO reacts with the magnesium silicate in the gangue to form a certain liquid phase, so that the migration of the metal particles in the gangue is facilitated. The metal particles are rapidly agglomerated and grown under the combined action of Fe-FeS eutectic and CaO, and Fe in the molten ferronickel alloy after agglomeration is carried out by CO2And oxidation is carried out, Ni is not oxidized, so that the grade of the ferronickel is improved, high-grade ferronickel alloy can be obtained, and the recovery of the ferronickel alloy in the laterite nickel ore is realized.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Although an embodiment of the present invention has been described, it is to be understood that the present invention should not be limited to this embodiment, and variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing ferronickel by reinforcing laterite-nickel ore with waste gypsum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: pretreating the laterite-nickel ore to obtain laterite-nickel ore particles;
s2: pretreating waste gypsum to obtain waste gypsum particles;
s3: uniformly mixing the laterite-nickel ore, a reducing agent and waste gypsum to obtain a mixed material;
s4: adding an adhesive into the mixed material to obtain mixed pellets, and drying;
s5: fully self-reducing the dried mixed pellets in an inert atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere to obtain a self-reduction product;
s6: selectively oxidizing the self-reduction product in a weak oxidizing atmosphere to obtain an oxidation product;
s7: and melting the oxidation product in a protective atmosphere to realize melting separation of metal and gangue, thereby obtaining the high-grade nickel-iron alloy.
2. The method for preparing ferronickel from laterite-nickel ore reinforced by waste gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that the addition amount of the waste gypsum is 5-20% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore.
3. The method for preparing ferronickel from lateritic nickel ore reinforced by waste gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that the reducing agent is a carbonaceous reducing agent, the number of moles of carbon atoms in the reducing agent exceeds 10-40% of the sum of the number of moles of oxygen atoms in nickel and iron oxides in the lateritic nickel ore.
4. The method for preparing ferronickel from lateritic nickel ore reinforced by waste gypsum according to claim 3, characterized in that the reducing agent is at least one of lignite, anthracite and coke powder.
5. The method for preparing ferronickel from lateritic nickel ore reinforced by waste gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step S5, the mixed pellets are fully self-reduced at 900-1350 ℃ in inert or reducing atmosphere.
6. The method for preparing ferronickel by using waste gypsum to strengthen lateritic nickel ore according to claim 5, characterized in that the inert atmosphere is N2At least one of Ar and Ar; the reducing atmosphere is CO and H2At least one of (1).
7. The method for preparing ferronickel from lateritic nickel ore strengthened by waste gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step S6, the oxidation temperature of the self-reduction product in weak oxidizing atmosphere is above 600 ℃, and the oxidation time is more than 30 min.
8. The method for preparing ferronickel by using waste gypsum to strengthen lateritic nickel ore according to claim 7, characterized in that the weak oxidizing atmosphere is CO2And N2Mixed atmosphere, CO2And one of mixed atmospheres of CO and CO2The volume percentage is higher than 35%.
9. The method for preparing ferronickel from lateritic nickel ore strengthened by waste gypsum according to the claim 1, characterized in that the mass fraction of the lateritic nickel ore with the particle size less than 0.125mm is more than 90% after being pretreated in the step S1.
10. The method for preparing ferronickel from lateritic nickel ore strengthened by waste gypsum according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step S7, the oxidation product is in N2Or melting in Ar atmosphere at 1550 deg.C to separate metal from gangue and obtain high-grade ferronickel alloy.
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102560240A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-07-11 | 中南大学 | Method for producing ferro-nickel alloy with laterite |
| CN104498733A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-08 | 中南大学 | Method for improving laterite-nickel ore carbothermic reduction selectivity |
| CN107022678A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-08-08 | 中南大学 | A kind of method that lateritic nickel ore selective reduction prepares ferronickel concentrate |
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