CN114182135B - TiN/Ti5Si3Hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

TiN/Ti5Si3Hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114182135B
CN114182135B CN202111530543.0A CN202111530543A CN114182135B CN 114182135 B CN114182135 B CN 114182135B CN 202111530543 A CN202111530543 A CN 202111530543A CN 114182135 B CN114182135 B CN 114182135B
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copper
tin
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powder
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CN114182135A (en
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丁海民
张潇
程洁
周吉宇
王进峰
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North China Electric Power University
Baoding Tianwei Baobian Electric Co Ltd
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Baoding Tianwei Baobian Electric Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
    • C22C1/1052—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites by mixing and casting metal matrix composites with reaction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
    • C22C49/10—Refractory metals
    • C22C49/11—Titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments

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Abstract

The invention provides a TiN/Ti5Si3A hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of copper-based composite material preparation. In the invention, Si is used3N4The powder and titanium powder are used as raw materials, hot pressing sintering is carried out under the argon atmosphere to obtain a mixed briquette, and the mixed briquette is pressed into a high-temperature copper melt to ensure that Si3N4Reacts with titanium directly in copper melt to generate TiN and Ti5Si3. With Ti5Si3Formation of TiN and copper melt, and obtaining Ti5Si3Regular distribution, uniform and controllable TiN size, and in Ti5Si3The frameworks are distributed in a dispersed way. The performance of the composite material is greatly improved.

Description

TiN/Ti5Si3Hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of copper-based composite material preparation, in particular to TiN/Ti5Si3A hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Copper is one of the most widely used metals, and although pure copper has excellent plasticity and electrical and thermal conductivity, its low hardness, strength and wear resistance make it unable to meet the requirements for operation in special environments. Common copper-based composite materials only add a single reinforcing phase in a copper matrix to improve the performance of the copper matrix, but the single reinforcing phase cannot have all the required performance, so that the mechanical properties of the composite materials cannot meet the requirements.
Since TiN has a high melting point, hardness, elastic modulus, and the like, TiN is an ideal reinforcement for metal matrix composite materials, and is widely used in metal matrix composite materials such as Cu, Fe, Ti, Al, and the like. In patent CN107675012A, a copper alloy with high strength, high conductivity and excellent softening resistance is disclosed, which is prepared by using copper-titanium alloy powder as a raw material, nitriding the surface of the copper-titanium alloy powder in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere, generating titanium nitride in situ in the copper-titanium alloy powder through high-temperature diffusion, and performing cold isostatic pressing, sintering and hot extrusion combined densification to obtain nano titanium nitride dispersion strengthened copper.
At present, TiC/Ti5Si3The reinforced copper-based composite material has wide preparation research, and the TiC has uniform and controllable size and is uniformly distributed on Ti5Si3In between. In patent CN107021491A, a method for preparing a high-strength and high-conductivity copper-based composite material is disclosed, in which carbon elemental materials such as graphite powder or carbon black or carbon nanotubes or graphene are used as a carbon source, and a carbon elemental in a melt and titanium are reacted spontaneously to synthesize TiC to prepare TiC/Ti5Si3The reinforced copper-based composite material has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost and high efficiency. TiC particles distributed on Ti5Si3And the reinforcement is well combined with the interface of the matrix, so that the composite reinforcement of particles and fibers is realized.
Because the TiN particles have larger specific surface energy, the phenomenon of segregation in a matrix is obvious, and the interface bonding effect between the TiN particles and a metal matrix is poor. And Ti5Si3Not only has good dispersibility in copper melt, but also has Ti5Si3Can help the dispersion of TiN particles in a Cu matrix, and the TiN and Ti5Si3The particle density and the thermal expansion coefficient are relatively close, so that the two have good binding capacity and can be used as the materialThe Cu-based composite material is a hybrid reinforced phase, so that the prepared Cu-based composite material has better physical and chemical properties. Thus, a TiN/Ti model was developed5Si3The process and the product for reinforcing the copper-based composite material have positive significance to the technical field of metal material preparation, enrich the application scenes of TiN, and provide a new idea for the research and development of the copper-based composite material.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a TiN/Ti5Si3Hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof, and preparation method thereof uses Si3N4Powder and titanium powder are used as raw materials, hot pressing sintering is carried out under argon atmosphere to obtain mixed briquettes, and the mixed briquettes are pressed into high-temperature copper melt to enable Si to be contained3N4Reacts with titanium directly in copper melt to generate TiN and Ti5Si3. With Ti5Si3Formation of TiN and copper melt, and obtaining Ti5Si3Regular distribution, uniform and controllable TiN size, and in Ti5Si3The frameworks are distributed in a dispersion way.
The invention aims to provide TiN/Ti5Si3A hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material comprising a TiN reinforcing phase and Ti5Si3A reinforcing phase, and the balance of a copper matrix; the TiN reinforcing phase accounts for 0.5-6% of the mass of the copper matrix; the Ti5Si3The reinforcing phase accounts for 0.5-10% of the mass of the copper matrix;
the copper matrix is electrolytic pure copper with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent.
Preferably, the Ti is5Si3The reinforcing phase is of a rod-shaped structure, the radial dimension is 0.5-1.5 mu m, the length-diameter ratio is 5-100, and the reinforcing phase is in a net shape to form a composite material framework; the TiN reinforcing phase is granular with the size of 0.5-3 mu m and is dispersed and distributed in the copper matrix.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a TiN/Ti5Si3The preparation method of the hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparing mixed powder: mixing Si3N4Fully mixing the powder and Ti powder in a weight ratio of 0.1-0.7: 1 in a mixer for 2-6 h, carrying out high-speed ball milling in a planetary high-energy ball mill for 1-9 h, adding the ball-milled powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing, precipitating, filtering and drying to obtain Si3N4-Ti mixed powder;
(2) preparing a sintered compact: si prepared in the step (1)3N4Carrying out high-pressure sintering on the Ti mixed powder for 20-40 min at 600-900 ℃ and under the condition of 5-40 Mpa in a powder sintering furnace under the protection of inert gas, and pressing into blocks to obtain sintered pressed blocks;
(3) melt reaction: placing the copper matrix in a high-temperature reaction furnace, and heating to 1200-1400 ℃ under the protection of inert gas to form a copper-based melt; adding the sintered compact prepared in the step (2) into a copper-based melt, wherein the addition amount of the sintered compact accounts for 3-30% of the weight of the copper-based melt, so that Ti and Si in the sintered compact are mixed3N4Reaction synthesis of TiN and Ti in copper melt5Si3After the precast block completely disappears, preserving the heat for 1-10 minutes;
(4)TiN/Ti5Si3preparing a hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material: pouring the melt reacted in the step (3) into a graphite mold in an inert gas atmosphere, and cooling and solidifying at room temperature to obtain the TiN and Ti alloy5Si3A copper-based composite material as a reinforcing phase.
Preferably, Si in the step (1)3N4The particle size of the powder is 0.5-80 μm.
Preferably, the particle size of the Ti powder in the step (1) is 1-100 μm.
Preferably, the pressure for pressing into blocks in the step (2) is higher than 5 MPa.
Preferably, the using amount of the electrolytic pure copper is 80-95% of the total mass of the copper-based composite material; said Si3N4The dosage of the Ti powder is 0.5-3% of the total mass of the copper-based composite material, and the dosage of the Ti powder is 2-14% of the total mass of the copper-based composite material.
Preferably, the inert atmosphere is argon.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the preparation process is simple and stable, and the efficiency is high;
2. the cost is low, the parts can be directly formed by casting technology, and the method is suitable for industrial large-scale production;
3. the generated TiN particles are fine and uniform in size, are well combined with the matrix interface, and are uniformly distributed in the copper matrix;
4、Ti5Si3the net shape is tightly combined with the copper matrix, so that the performance of the composite material is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows TiN/Ti prepared in example 1 of the present invention5Si3Scanning electron microscope images of as-cast microstructures of the reinforced copper-based composite material;
FIG. 2 is a view showing TiN/Ti prepared in example 1 of the present invention5Si3Scanning electron microscope images of the electrolytic corrosion tissues of the reinforced copper-based composite material;
FIG. 3 shows TiN/Ti prepared in example 2 of the present invention5Si3Scanning electron microscope images of as-cast microstructures of the reinforced copper-based composite materials;
FIG. 4 is a view showing TiN/Ti prepared in comparative example 15Si3Scanning electron microscope images of as-cast microstructures of the reinforced copper-based composite material;
FIG. 5 is a view showing TiN/Ti prepared in comparative example 25Si3Scanning electron microscope images of as-cast microstructures of the reinforced copper-based composite material;
FIG. 6 is a TiN/Ti film prepared in comparative example 35Si3Scanning electron microscope images of as-cast microstructures of the reinforced copper-based composite material;
FIG. 7 is a view showing TiN/Ti prepared in comparative example 45Si3Scanning electron microscope images of as-cast microstructures of the reinforced copper-based composite material;
FIG. 8 is a TiN/Ti film prepared in comparative example 45Si3Scanning electron microscope images of as-cast microstructures of the reinforced copper-based composite material.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
TiN/Ti5Si3The preparation method of the hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing mixed powder: si with a particle size of 2 μm3N4Fully mixing the powder and Ti powder with the particle size of 30 mu m for 3 hours in a three-dimensional swing mixer according to the weight ratio of 0.32:1, carrying out high-speed ball milling for 3 hours in a planetary high-energy ball mill, adding the ball-milled powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing, precipitating, filtering and drying to obtain Si3N4-Ti mixed powder;
(2) preparing a sintered compact: si prepared in the step (1)3N4-Ti mixed powder is sintered for 30min under high pressure at 700 ℃ and 10Mpa in a powder sintering furnace under the protection of argon gas, and is pressed into blocks to obtain sintered pressed blocks;
(3) melt reaction: placing electrolytic pure copper with the purity higher than 99.5% in a high-temperature reaction furnace, and heating to 1250 ℃ under the protection of argon to form a copper-based melt; adding the sintered compact prepared in the step (2) into a copper-based melt, wherein the addition amount of the sintered compact accounts for 6.8 percent of the weight of the copper-based melt, so that Ti and Si in the sintered compact are mixed3N4Reaction synthesis of TiN and Ti in copper melt5Si3After the precast block completely disappears, preserving the heat for 5 minutes;
(4)TiN/Ti5Si3preparing a hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material: pouring the melt reacted in the step (3) into a graphite mold in an argon atmosphere, and cooling and solidifying at room temperature to obtain TiN and Ti5Si3The copper-based composite material is a reinforcing phase. The mass percentages of the reinforcing phases are as follows: 3% of TiN, Ti5Si33.8 percent. The as-cast microstructure is shown in FIG. 1.
Prepared TiN/Ti5Si3The electrolytic corrosion microstructure of the reinforced copper-based composite material is shown in figure 2. From the figure, a skeleton Ti can be seen5Si3And uniformly distributed TiN particles.
Example 2
TiN/Ti5Si3Preparation of hybrid reinforced copper-based composite materialThe preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing mixed powder: si with a particle size of 2 μm3N4Fully mixing the powder and Ti powder with the particle size of 10 mu m for 5 hours in a three-dimensional swinging mixer according to the weight ratio of 0.32:1, carrying out high-speed ball milling for 3 hours in a planetary high-energy ball mill, adding the ball-milled powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing, precipitating, filtering and drying to obtain Si3N4-Ti mixed powder;
(2) preparing a sintered compact: the obtained Si3N4-Ti mixed powder is sintered for 30min under the condition of 800 ℃ and 15Mpa in a powder sintering furnace under the protection of argon gas, and is pressed into blocks to obtain sintered press blocks;
(3) melt reaction: putting electrolytic pure copper with the purity higher than 99.5% into a high-temperature reaction furnace, and heating to 1200 ℃ under the protection of argon to form a copper-based melt; adding the sintered compact prepared in the step (2) into a copper-based melt, wherein the addition amount of the sintered compact accounts for 8.2 percent of the weight of the copper-based melt, so that Ti and Si in the sintered compact are mixed3N4Reaction synthesis of TiN and Ti in copper melt5Si3After the precast block completely disappears, preserving the heat for 3 minutes;
(4)TiN/Ti5Si3preparing a hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material: pouring the melt reacted in the step (3) into a graphite mold in an argon atmosphere, and cooling and solidifying at room temperature to obtain TiN and Ti5Si3A copper-based composite material as a reinforcing phase. The mass percentages of the reinforcing phases are as follows: 3.6% of TiN, Ti5Si34.6 percent. The as-cast microstructure is shown in FIG. 3.
Example 3
TiN/Ti5Si3The preparation method of the hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing mixed powder: si with a particle size of 20 μm3N4Fully mixing the powder and Ti powder with the particle size of 30 mu m for 3 hours in a three-dimensional swing mixer according to the weight ratio of 0.58:1, carrying out high-speed ball milling for 3 hours in a planetary high-energy ball mill, adding the ball-milled powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic processingThen, standing, precipitating, filtering and drying to obtain Si3N4-Ti mixed powder;
(2) preparing a sintered compact: the obtained Si is3N4-sintering the Ti mixed powder in a powder sintering furnace under the protection of argon gas at 600 ℃ and 5Mpa for 20min under high pressure, and pressing into blocks to obtain sintered pressed blocks;
(3) melt reaction: putting electrolytic pure copper with the purity higher than 99.5% into a high-temperature reaction furnace, and heating to 1300 ℃ under the protection of argon to form a copper-based melt; adding the sintered compact prepared in the step (2) into a copper-based melt, wherein the addition amount of the sintered compact accounts for 5.4% of the weight of the copper-based melt, so that Ti and Si in the sintered compact are mixed3N4Reaction synthesis of TiN and Ti in copper melt5Si3Keeping the temperature for 8 minutes after the precast block completely disappears
(4)TiN/Ti5Si3Preparing a hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material: pouring the melt reacted in the step (3) into a graphite mold in an argon gas atmosphere, and cooling and solidifying at room temperature to obtain the TiN and Ti alloy5Si3A copper-based composite material as a reinforcing phase. The mass percentages of the reinforcing phases are as follows: 3.5% of TiN3, Ti5Si30.9％。
Comparative example 1
According to the preparation process of example 1, Si was changed3N4The ratio of the titanium powder to the Ti powder is 0.73:1, and TiN/Ti is prepared5Si3The hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing mixed powder: si with a particle size of 2 μm3N4Fully mixing the powder and Ti powder with the particle size of 30 mu m for 3 hours in a three-dimensional swing mixer according to the weight ratio of 0.73:1, carrying out high-speed ball milling for 3 hours in a planetary high-energy ball mill, adding the ball-milled powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing, precipitating, filtering and drying to obtain Si3N4-Ti mixed powder;
(2) preparing a sintered compact: the obtained Si3N4-Ti mixed powder is put in a powder sintering furnace and protected by argon gas at 700 ℃ and 10MpaPerforming high-pressure sintering for 30min, and pressing into blocks to obtain sintered pressed blocks;
(3) melt reaction: placing electrolytic pure copper with the purity higher than 99.5% in a high-temperature reaction furnace, and heating to 1250 ℃ under the protection of argon to form a copper-based melt; adding the sintered compact prepared in the step (2) into a copper-based melt, wherein the addition amount of the sintered compact accounts for 4.7 percent of the weight of the copper-based melt, so that Ti and Si in the sintered compact are mixed with each other3N4Reaction synthesis of TiN and Ti in copper melt5Si3After the precast block completely disappears, preserving the heat for 5 minutes;
(4)TiN/Ti5Si3preparing a hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material: pouring the melt reacted in the step (3) into a graphite mold in an argon atmosphere, and cooling and solidifying at room temperature to obtain TiN and Ti5Si3The copper-based composite material is a reinforcing phase. The mass percentage of the reinforcing phase is as follows: TiN 3.5%, Ti5Si30 percent. The as-cast microstructure is shown in FIG. 4, from which it can be seen that Ti is contained in the prepared composite copper-based material5Si3No generation, serious TiN aggregation, and no hybrid-enhancement effect.
Comparative example 2
According to the preparation process of example 1, Si was changed3N4The ratio of the titanium powder to the Ti powder is 0.05:1, and TiN/Ti is prepared5Si3The other steps of the hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material are the same as the example 1, and the mass percentages of the reinforced phases are as follows: 1.24% of TiN, Ti5Si31.62 percent. The as-cast microstructure is shown in FIG. 5.
As can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5, Si3N4The ratio of the Ti powder to the reinforcing phase is lower than 0.1:1 or higher than 0.7:1, and the reinforcing phase in the prepared composite copper-based material is TiN/Ti with non-uniform distribution5Si3A reinforced copper-based composite material.
Comparative example 3
A TiN/Ti was prepared according to the preparation process of example 1 without subjecting the raw materials to ball milling5Si3The other steps are the same as in example 1, the nature of the reinforcing phaseThe weight percentage is as follows: 3% of TiN, Ti5Si33.8 percent. The as-cast microstructure is shown in FIG. 6.
As can be seen from fig. 6, the reinforcing phase in the prepared composite copper-based material was seriously aggregated.
Comparative examples 4 to 7
According to the preparation process of example 1, Si was changed3N4And the sintering temperature or the sintering time of the Ti powder pressed block to prepare TiN/Ti5Si3The other steps of the hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material were the same as in example 1, and the experimental conditions of comparative examples 4 to 7 and the copper-based composite material are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003410588620000061
TiN/Ti prepared in comparative example 45Si3The scanning electron microscope image of the as-cast microstructure of the reinforced copper-based composite material is shown in FIG. 7; TiN/Ti prepared in comparative example 55Si3The scanning electron microscope image of the as-cast microstructure of the reinforced copper-based composite material is shown in FIG. 8.
As can be seen from comparative examples 4 to 7, when the sintering temperature is higher than 900 ℃ or lower than 600 ℃ and the sintering time is higher than 40min or lower than 20min, TiN/Ti with uniform distribution cannot be formed5Si3A reinforced copper-based composite material.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and amendments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and amendments should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. TiN/Ti5Si3The hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material is characterized in that the composite material consists of TiN reinforced phase and Ti5Si3The reinforcing phase and the copper matrix; the TiN reinforcing phase accounts for 0.5-6% of the mass of the copper matrix; the Ti5Si3The reinforcing phase accounts for 0.5-10% of the mass of the copper matrix;
the copper matrix is electrolytic pure copper with the purity of more than or equal to 99.5 percent;
the TiN/Ti5Si3The preparation method of the hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing mixed powder: mixing Si3N4Fully mixing the powder and Ti powder in a weight ratio of 0.1-0.7: 1 in a mixer for 2-6 h, carrying out high-speed ball milling in a planetary high-energy ball mill for 1-9 h, adding the ball-milled powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing, precipitating, filtering and drying to obtain Si3N4-Ti mixed powder;
(2) preparing a sintered compact: si prepared in the step (1)3N4Under the protection of inert gas, sintering the Ti mixed powder in a powder sintering furnace at 600-900 ℃ and 5-40 Mpa for 20-40 min under high pressure, and pressing into blocks to obtain sintered pressed blocks;
(3) melt reaction: placing the copper matrix in a high-temperature reaction furnace, and heating to 1200-1400 ℃ under the protection of inert gas to form a copper-based melt; adding the sintered compact prepared in the step (2) into a copper-based melt, wherein the addition amount of the sintered compact accounts for 3-30% of the weight of the copper-based melt, and after the prefabricated block completely disappears, keeping the temperature for 1-10 minutes;
（4）TiN/Ti5Si3preparing a hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material: pouring the melt reacted in the step (3) into a graphite mold in an inert gas atmosphere, and cooling and solidifying at room temperature to obtain the TiN and Ti alloy5Si3A copper-based composite material as a reinforcing phase.
2. The TiN/Ti of claim 15Si3The hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material is characterized in that the Ti is5Si3The reinforcing phase is of a rod-shaped structure, the radial dimension is 0.5-1.5 mu m, the length-diameter ratio is 5-100, and the reinforcing phase is in a net shape to form a composite material framework; the TiN reinforcing phase is granular with the size of 0.5-3 mu m and is dispersed in the copper matrix.
3. The Ti of claim 1N/Ti5Si3The hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material is characterized in that: si described in step (1)3N4The particle size of the powder is 0.5-80 μm.
4. TiN/Ti according to claim 15Si3The hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material is characterized in that: the particle size of the Ti powder in the step (1) is 1-100 mu m.
5. TiN/Ti according to claim 15Si3The hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material is characterized in that: the pressure for pressing the block in the step (2) is higher than 5 MPa.
6. TiN/Ti according to claim 15Si3The hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material is characterized in that: the using amount of the electrolytic pure copper is 80-95% of the total mass of the copper-based composite material; said Si3N4The dosage of the Ti powder is 0.5-3% of the total mass of the copper-based composite material, and the dosage of the Ti powder is 2-14% of the total mass of the copper-based composite material.
7. TiN/Ti according to claim 15Si3The hybrid reinforced copper-based composite material is characterized in that the inert atmosphere is argon.
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