CN114182063A - Use method of deoxidizer for refining and using aluminum ash as raw material - Google Patents
Use method of deoxidizer for refining and using aluminum ash as raw material Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 118
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940123973 Oxygen scavenger Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
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- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 25
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQBLUJRVOKGWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[AlH3] Chemical compound [O].[AlH3] CQBLUJRVOKGWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of steel smelting, in particular to a use method of a deoxidizer for refining and using aluminum ash as a raw material. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out LF smelting on the smelting molten steel, adding a deoxidizer in batches, and controlling the flow of bottom blowing to obtain LF molten steel, wherein the total amount of the deoxidizer is 0.4-0.5kg/t, and the deoxidizer takes aluminum ash as a raw material; the LF molten steel is subjected to vacuum refining treatment to obtain target molten steel, wherein the oxygen content of the target molten steel is 0.0015-0.004%, aluminum ash is used as a raw material in refining, a deoxidizing agent realizes the deoxidizing effect, the balance state of the molten steel and the slag is changed, bottom blowing flow adaptive to the slag amount and the slag balance state is matched, the density of the deoxidizing agent is small, the particle size is small, the flowability and the mass transfer effect of the slag, the molten steel and the deoxidizing agent can be enhanced through bottom blowing flow control in different stages, inclusions are enabled to obtain more chances of growing up, and the inclusions float upwards and are adsorbed by the steel slag, so that the tasks of deoxidizing refined slag, removing inclusions and the like are better completed.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of steel smelting, in particular to a use method of a deoxidizer for refining and using aluminum ash as a raw material.
Background
The aluminum ash is mainly divided into primary aluminum ash (white ash) and secondary aluminum ash (black ash). The primary aluminum ash is aluminum slag generated in the process of producing aluminum from original aluminum, and the primary aluminum ash mainly comprises metallic aluminum and aluminum oxide, wherein the content of the metallic aluminum can reach 30-70%. The secondary aluminum ash is the residue of primary aluminum ash or other waste aluminum after extracting metal aluminum by a physical method or a chemical method, has low metal aluminum content and relatively complex components, and mainly comprises a small amount of aluminum (the content is less than 10 wt%), a salt flux (more than 10%), an oxide and aluminum nitride (the content is 15-30 wt%).
The LF refining furnace adopts mature secondary refining technologies such as reducing atmosphere submerged arc heating, deoxidizing agent deoxidation and slagging, air brick argon blowing stirring and the like, also introduces a synthetic slag refining technology, and also utilizes foam slag formed by steel making to submerge electric arcs, thereby improving the heat efficiency and reducing the corrosion of refractory materials. The general LF steelmaking process flow is as follows: the method comprises the steps of top-bottom combined blowing converter, slag blocking and steel tapping (ladle bottom argon blowing), argon blowing station (argon blowing, temperature measurement, oxygen determination, sampling, wire feeding and the like), LF furnace refining (including temperature raising, deoxidation and slag formation, component adjustment, temperature measurement, oxygen determination, sampling, wire feeding, soft blowing and the like), and continuous casting.
The core technology of LF refining is steel slag refining, and the refining slag is required to have the following characteristics: (1) high reducibility; (2) high fluidity; (3) high sulfur capacity. Wherein the high reducibility is mainly obtained by adding deoxidizing agents such as aluminum particles and the like, commonly called 'white slag', and the smelting cost of the white slag is greatly influenced by the cost of the deoxidizing agents; the high fluidity is mainly adjusted by adding fluorite, and the deoxidizer of the LF refining slag is mainly aluminum particles, which has the advantages of rapid deoxidation and stable slag components, but has the defect of higher slagging cost. In recent years, some researchers have proposed new deoxidizers, but most of them have problems of unstable slagging effect, insignificant cost reduction, fluctuation of casting blank quality, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method for using a deoxidizer taking aluminum ash as a raw material for refining, which aims to solve the technical problems that the cost of the existing deoxidizer is high, and the quality of molten steel is easy to fluctuate due to the use of other non-aluminum granular deoxidizers.
The application provides a use method of a deoxidizer for refining and taking aluminum ash as a raw material, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out LF smelting on the smelting molten steel, adding a deoxidizer in batches, and controlling the flow of bottom blowing to obtain LF molten steel, wherein the total amount of the deoxidizer is 0.40.5kg/t, and the deoxidizer is prepared by taking aluminum ash as a raw material;
and carrying out vacuum refining treatment on the LF molten steel to obtain target molten steel, wherein the oxygen content of the target molten steel is 0.0015-0.004%.
Optionally, the bottom blowing includes a first-stage bottom blowing, a second-stage bottom blowing, a third-stage bottom blowing and a fourth-stage bottom blowing;
the flow rate of the first-stage bottom blowing is 1100-1180 Nl/min, and the time of the first-stage bottom blowing is 10-20 min;
the flow rate of the second stage bottom blowing is 250-380N 1/min, and the time of the second stage bottom blowing is 25-30 min;
the flow rate of the third-stage bottom blowing is 50-180 Nl/min, and the time of the third-stage bottom blowing is 10-20 min;
the flow rate of bottom blowing in the fourth stage is 30-50 Nl/min, and the time of bottom blowing in the fourth stage is 5-10 min.
Optionally, the method further includes: in LF smelting, synthetic slag is added according to the target alkalinity of LF refining slag.
Optionally, the target alkalinity is 2.5-4.
Optionally, the synthetic slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaO: 65% -70%, MgO: 3% -20% of Al2O3：8％～15％，SiO2＜4％，CaF2: 8 to 15 percent, less than 0.05 percent of S and the balance of inevitable impurities.
Optionally, the molar ratio of the sulfide to the alumina in the target molten steel is 0.3-0.7.
Optionally, the chemical composition of the deoxidizer comprises: calculated by mass fraction, Al is more than or equal to 40 percent, CaO is less than or equal to 3 percent, N is less than or equal to 1.8 percent, P is less than 0.3 percent, S is less than 0.1 percent, and Si is less than 5 percent.
Optionally, the density of the deoxidizer is less than or equal to 1.2t/m3。
Optionally, the granularity of the deoxidizer is 10-14 mm.
Optionally, the chemical components of the deoxidizer further include at least one of Mg, Fe, Cr and Mn.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
this deoxidier that this application embodiment provided, use the aluminium ash to be used for in the refining as the raw materials, the deoxidier has realized the effect of deoxidization, make the equilibrium state of molten steel and slag change, the bottom-blown flow who matches with slag quantity and slag equilibrium state simultaneously is put up, because deoxidization density is little, the particle diameter is little, bottom-blown flow control through different stages can make the slag, the mobility and the mass transfer effect of molten steel and deoxidization agent strengthen, make the inclusion obtain more chances of growing up, and the come-up is adsorbed by the slag, accomplish refining slag deoxidization better, go tasks such as inclusion.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for using a deoxidizer for refining aluminum ash as a raw material according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for using a deoxidizer for refining aluminum ash as a raw material according to the first aspect, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprising:
s1, carrying out LF smelting on the smelting molten steel, adding a deoxidizer in batches, and controlling the flow of bottom blowing to obtain LF molten steel, wherein the total amount of the deoxidizer is 0.4-0.5kg/t, and the deoxidizer is prepared by taking aluminum ash as a raw material;
in the embodiment of the application, after the deoxidizer is added, the deoxidizer is fully and uniformly mixed with the slag through stirring of argon blowing at the bottom of the steel ladle, so that the deoxidizer plays a role in fully deoxidizing the slag, and further deoxidizes the molten steel through diffusion deoxidation of the slag and the surface of the molten steel. The deoxidizer plays a role in deoxidizing the steel slag and the molten steel through an aluminum oxygen reaction, simultaneously, a deoxidation product, namely alumina, can change the slag system state of the slag, and the alumina and CaO in the slag are combined to form a slag system with a lower melting point. Meanwhile, the bottom blowing flow rate which is adaptive to the slag amount and the slag balance state is matched, so that the fluidity and the mass transfer effect of the slag and the deoxidizer can be enhanced, and the tasks of deoxidation and slagging, adsorption and inclusion and the like of the refining slag can be better completed.
Specifically, the calcium content in the LF refined molten steel can be controlled; in a stage of bottom blowing, the desulfurization rate can reach more than 85 percent, the sulfur content at the LF refining end can be controlled to be less than 0.0030 percent, and compared with aluminum particles used as a diffusion deoxidizer, the desulfurization rate is improved by more than 8 percent.
S2, carrying out vacuum refining treatment on the LF molten steel to obtain target molten steel, wherein the oxygen content of the target molten steel is 0.0015-0.004%.
In some embodiments, the bottom blowing comprises a first stage bottom blowing, a second stage bottom blowing, a third stage bottom blowing, and a fourth stage bottom blowing;
the flow rate of the first-stage bottom blowing is 1100-1180N 1/min, and the time of the first-stage bottom blowing is 10-20 min;
the flow rate of the second-stage bottom blowing is 250-380 Nl/min, and the time of the second-stage bottom blowing is 25-30 min;
the flow rate of the third-stage bottom blowing is 50-180N 1/min, and the time of the third-stage bottom blowing is 10-20 min;
the flow rate of bottom blowing in the fourth stage is 30-50 Nl/min, and the time of bottom blowing in the fourth stage is 5-10 min.
In some embodiments, the molar ratio of sulfide to alumina in the target molten steel is 0.3 to 0.7.
Specifically, while the deoxidizer is added in batches, lime and fluorite may be added in batches; the deoxidizer can be added in 3-5 times in the first stage bottom blowing, the second stage bottom blowing and/or the third stage bottom blowing. In the first stage, bottom blowing, and in the second stage, deoxidizing agent can be added for 1-2 times; the bottom blowing flow in different stages can ensure that the deoxidizer is fully diffused in the slag; after the stirring purpose is achieved by bottom blowing, the deoxidizer fully deoxidizes the molten steel, and simultaneously can control the molar ratio of sulfide to alumina in the target molten steel to be in a proper range, wherein the molar ratio is 0.3-0.7, so that calcium sulfide and alumina composite inclusions are formed, the composite inclusions are easy to grow up and float to slag, and finally the effects of reducing the number of the inclusions in the molten steel and reducing the average size are achieved, and the anti-fatigue life of steel is further improved. The adding amount of each batch of slag can be less than or equal to 1200kg, and the interval time between two adjacent batches of slag can be more than or equal to 3 min.
The bottom blowing flow rate of the first stage is controlled to be 1100-1180 Nl/min, the time is controlled to be 10-20 min, and the effects of quick desulfurization and deoxidation can be achieved in one stage;
and controlling the flow rate of bottom blowing at the second stage to be 250-380 Nl/min, and the time to be 25-30 min, so that the components and the temperature of the molten steel can quickly tend to be uniform, the probability of collision and growth of non-metal inclusions in the steel is increased, large-size inclusions float upwards to form steel slag, meanwhile, a deoxidizer with a small particle size cannot hinder floating of the inclusions, and large-size inclusions float upwards completely in 25-30 min.
And controlling the bottom blowing flow rate of 50-180 Nl/min in the third stage for 10-20 min, promoting the discharge of hydrogen and nitrogen in the vacuum treatment process, reducing the nitrogen content, and simultaneously adhering and suspending impurities in the molten steel, bringing the adhered impurities to the surface of the molten steel to be absorbed by a slag layer, and removing a large amount of 8-15 mu m-sized impurities and extra-large-sized impurities which do not float upwards.
And controlling the bottom blowing flow rate of 30-50 Nl/min and the time of 5-10 min in the fourth stage, so that the gas in the molten steel can be completely discharged, and meanwhile, the oxygen content of the target molten steel is adjusted.
In the embodiment of the application, argon is blown at the bottom of the steel ladle, four-stage bottom blowing operation is carried out, the stirring strength of the molten steel is controlled by a method for controlling the gas flow, so that the components and the temperature of the molten steel quickly tend to be uniform, the stirred molten steel increases the probability of collision and growth of non-metallic inclusions in the steel, and the size of the inclusions is favorably controlled by controlling the bottom blowing flow. The floating argon bubbles can not only absorb gas in the steel, but also adhere to the impurities suspended in the molten steel, and bring the adhered impurities to the surface of the molten steel to be absorbed by a slag layer.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises: in LF smelting, adding synthetic slag according to the target alkalinity of LF refining slag;
specifically, bottom blowing can be carried out when the ladle refining furnace enters the station so as to promote inclusions in molten steel to float upwards to produce steel slag; the flow of bottom blowing is adjusted, so that large-size inclusions in steel can float upwards in large batch, and the production of steel slag and the control of the average size of the inclusions in the molten steel are facilitated.
In some embodiments, the target alkalinity is from 2.5 to 4.
In some embodiments, the components of the synthetic slag comprise, in mass fraction: CaO: 65% -70%, MgO: 3% -20% of Al2O3：8％～15％，SiO2＜4％，CaF2: 8 to 15 percent, less than 0.05 percent of S and the balance of inevitable impurities.
In the embodiment of the application, the target alkalinity of the LF refining slag is ensured to be 2.5-4 by controlling the amount of the synthetic slag, the amount of different inclusions can be controlled, the purpose of deoxidation is achieved, and the beneficial effect of improving the quality of molten steel is achieved.
In some embodiments, the chemical composition of the oxygen scavenger comprises: calculated by mass fraction, Al is more than or equal to 40 percent, CaO is less than or equal to 3 percent, N is less than or equal to 1.8 percent, P is less than 0.3 percent, S is less than 0.1 percent, and Si is less than 5 percent. Preferably, A1 is more than or equal to 60 percent, CaO is less than or equal to 3 percent, N is less than or equal to 1.8 percent, P is less than 0.3 percent, S is less than 0.1 percent, Si is less than 5 percent, and further, Al is more than or equal to 65 percent.
Specifically, the preparation method of the deoxidizer can comprise the following steps: using primary aluminum ash (white ash) and/or secondary aluminum ash (black ash) and quick lime as raw materials; melting the primary aluminum ash (lime) and/or the secondary aluminum ash (black ash) with the melting point of less than 800 ℃; then adding other components according to the content ratio of the finished product; and stirring until the deoxidizer is completely solidified, crushing the deoxidizer into small blocks with target granularity by using a crusher, and packaging.
The content of Al in the deoxidizer is controlled to be more than or equal to 40 percent, namely the content of metal aluminum, so that the deoxidizer can use the primary aluminum ash and the secondary aluminum ash for all or most of the aluminum sources, the addition of simple aluminum substances is reduced, the economic benefit is enhanced, the cost is saved, and the aluminum ash is changed into valuable.
The content of CaO is less than or equal to 3 percent, N is less than or equal to 1.8 percent, P is less than 0.3 percent, S is less than 0.1 percent and Si is less than 5 percent, so that the variety and the number of inclusions in the steel can be effectively controlled, the inclusions can form the content of spheroidal inclusions as much as possible, and the content of brittle alumina inclusions with sharp corners is reduced.
In some embodiments, the deoxidizer has a density of 1.2t/m or less3。
In the embodiment of the application, the density of the deoxidizer is controlled to be less than or equal to 1.2t/m3Can float on the surface of molten steel, and simultaneously removes oxygen in the molten steel and steel slag, thereby realizing the complete removal of oxygen in the smelting process.
In some embodiments, the deoxidizer has a particle size of 10 to 14 mm.
In the embodiment of the application, the granularity of the deoxidizer is controlled to be 10-14mm, so that the deoxidizer can float on the surface of the molten steel and be uniformly dispersed in the steel slag, and meanwhile, when the bottom blowing flow is small, the deoxidizer is about 50Nl/min and can be stirred and quickly dissolved in the molten steel for deoxidation.
In some embodiments, the chemical composition of the deoxidizer further includes at least one of Mg, Fe, Cr, and Mn.
Specifically, the deoxidizer comprises at least one of Mg, Fe, Cr and Mn, and can generate MnO, MnS, FeO, FeS, CaS, AlN and SiO2、Cr2O3And MgO. Al2O3The method is beneficial to randomly distributing oxides, nitrides, sulfides and the like in the steel, for example, a large amount of oxides less than 6 mu m are separated out, the size of inclusions in molten steel can be reduced, and the cleanliness and the mechanical property of steel parts are improved; in the deoxidation process, the steel part structure crystal grains are refined, the flowing property of the molten steel is improved, and under the condition that the smelting condition is not changed, the nozzle nodulation is reduced or eliminated, the quality of the molten steel is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
The process of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, comparative examples and experimental data.
Example 1
The application provides a use method of a deoxidizer for refining and taking aluminum ash as a raw material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out LF smelting on the smelting molten steel, and adding a deoxidizer in batches to obtain LF molten steel, wherein the total amount of the deoxidizer is 0.45 kg/t;
s2, carrying out vacuum refining treatment on the LF molten steel to obtain target molten steel, wherein the oxygen content of the target molten steel is 0.002%.
In LF smelting, adding synthetic slag according to the target alkalinity of LF refining slag; the target basicity is 3. The synthetic slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaO: 65% -70%, MgO: 3% -20% of Al2O3：8％～15％，SiO2＜4％，CaF2: 8 to 15 percent of sulfur, less than 0.05 percent of sulfur and the balance of inevitable impurities.
The ladle refining furnace enters the station for bottom blowing, and argon can be blown at the bottom; and adjusting the flow rate of bottom blowing to promote inclusions in the molten steel to float upwards to produce the steel slag. The bottom blowing comprises four stages: the first stage bottom blowing flow is set to 1150Nl/min, and the time is 15 min; the bottom blowing flow rate of the second stage is set to be 250-380 Nl/mm, and the time is 27 min; setting the bottom blowing flow rate at 80Nl/min for 14min in the third stage; the fourth stage bottom blowing flow rate is set to be 40Nl/min, and the time is 6 min. The molar ratio of sulfide to alumina in the target molten steel was 0.4.
The chemical components of the deoxidizer comprise: in mass fraction, Al: 64%, CaO: 3%, N: 1.8%, P: 0.25%, S: 0.06%, Si: 1.0%, Mg: l%, the balance being alumina and unavoidable impurities.
Example 2
The application provides a use method of a deoxidizer for refining and taking aluminum ash as a raw material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out LF smelting on the smelting molten steel, and adding a deoxidizer in batches to obtain LF molten steel, wherein the total amount of the deoxidizer is 0.48 kg/t;
s2, carrying out vacuum refining treatment on the LF molten steel to obtain target molten steel, wherein the oxygen content of the target molten steel is 0.002% -0.003%.
In LF smelting, adding synthetic slag according to the target alkalinity of LF refining slag; the target alkalinity was 3.5. The synthetic slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaO: 65% -70%, MgO: 3% -20% of Al2O3：8％～15％，SiO2＜4％，CaF2: 8 to 15 percent of sulfur, less than 0.05 percent of sulfur and the balance of inevitable impurities.
The ladle refining furnace enters the station for bottom blowing, and argon can be blown at the bottom; and adjusting the flow rate of bottom blowing to promote inclusions in the molten steel to float upwards to produce the steel slag. The bottom blowing comprises four stages: the first stage bottom blowing flow rate is set to 1175Nl/min, and the time is 18 min; the bottom blowing flow rate of the second stage is set to be 260Nl/min, and the time is 28 min; the bottom blowing flow rate of the third stage is set to be 80N1/min, and the time is 12 min; the fourth stage bottom blowing flow rate was set to 35N1/min for 6 min. The molar ratio of sulfide to alumina in the target molten steel was 0.6.
The chemical components of the deoxidizer comprise: in mass fraction, Al: 68% of CaO: 2.5%, N: 1.5%, P: 0.2%, S: 0.08%, Si: 1.2%, Fe: 3% of alumina and the balance of inevitable impurities.
Example 3
The application provides a use method of a deoxidizer for refining and taking aluminum ash as a raw material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out LF smelting on the smelting molten steel, and adding a deoxidizer in batches to obtain LF molten steel, wherein the total amount of the deoxidizer is 0.46 kg/t;
s2, carrying out vacuum refining treatment on the LF molten steel to obtain target molten steel, wherein the oxygen content of the target molten steel is 0.0015-0.003%.
In LF smelting, adding synthetic slag according to the target alkalinity of LF refining slag; the target alkalinity is 2.5-4. The synthetic slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaO: 65% -70%, MgO: 3% -20% of Al2O3：8％～15％，SiO2＜4％，CaF2: 8 to 15 percent of sulfur, less than 0.05 percent of sulfur and the balance of inevitable impurities.
The ladle refining furnace enters the station for bottom blowing, and argon can be blown at the bottom; and adjusting the flow rate of bottom blowing to promote inclusions in the molten steel to float upwards to produce the steel slag. The bottom blowing comprises four stages: the first stage bottom blowing flow is set to 1150Nl/min, and the time is 16 min; the bottom blowing flow rate of the second stage is set to be 360Nl/min, and the time is 28 min; the bottom blowing flow rate of the third stage is set to be 170Nl/min, and the time is 17 min; the bottom blowing flow rate of the fourth stage is set to be 45Nl/min, and the time is 8 min. The molar ratio of sulfide to alumina in the target molten steel was 0.5.
The chemical components of the deoxidizer comprise: calculated by mass fraction, Al is more than or equal to 67 percent, CaO is less than or equal to 3 percent, N is less than or equal to 1.8 percent, P is less than 0.3 percent, S is less than 0.1 percent, and Si is less than 1.5 percent.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that: the oxygen scavenger of the present application was not used, and commercially available aluminum pellets were used as the oxygen scavenger.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that: and (3) performing bottom blowing on argon gas in the fourth stage without performing bottom blowing on argon gas in two stages conventionally, performing argon pre-blowing in the first stage, and then performing bottom blowing on the argon gas according to the condition that the steel slag is on the liquid level, wherein the flow rate of the bottom blowing is 1000-plus-1200 Nl/min.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that: the deoxidizer is added once before bottom blowing, and is not added in batches.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 differs from example 1 in that: the deoxidizer of the application is not used, the commercially available aluminum particles are adopted as the deoxidizer, the conventional bottom blowing is carried out in two stages, the argon is pre-blown in the first stage, then the bottom blowing is carried out according to the condition that the steel slag is on the liquid level, and the bottom blowing flow is 1000-1200 Nl/min.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 differs from example 1 in that: argon bottom blowing was not performed in four stages, and the first-stage bottom blowing flow rate was set to
1100-1180 Nl/min for 10-20 min;
the bottom blowing flow rate of the second stage is set to be 420Nl/min, and the time is 35 min;
the bottom blowing flow rate of the third stage is set to be 300Nl/min, and the time is 25 min;
and the fourth stage is that the bottom blowing flow is set to be 40Nl/min and the time is 5-10 min.
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 5 differs from example 1 in that: argon bottom blowing was not performed in four stages, and the first-stage bottom blowing flow rate was set to
1100-1180 Nl/min for 10-20 min;
the bottom blowing flow rate of the second stage is set to be 420Nl/min, and the time is 35 min;
the bottom blowing flow rate of the third stage is set to be 160Nl/min, and the time is 25 min;
and the fourth stage is that the bottom blowing flow is set to be 40Nl/min and the time is 5-10 min.
Comparative example 7
Comparative example 5 differs from example 1 in that: bottom blowing argon is not carried out in the four stages, the flow rate of bottom blowing in the first stage is set to be 1100-1180 Nl/min, and the time is 10-20 min;
the bottom blowing flow rate of the second stage is set to be 280Nl/min, and the time is 28 min;
the bottom blowing flow rate of the third stage is set to be 300Nl/min, and the time is 25 min;
the fourth stage bottom blowing flow rate is set to be 30-50 Nl/min, and the time is 5-10 min.
Comparative example 8
Comparative example 5 differs from example 1 in that: argon gas is not blown from the bottom in the four stages, the flow rate of bottom blowing in the first stage is set to 1380Nl/min, and the time is 5 min;
the bottom blowing flow rate of the second stage is set to be 280Nl/min, and the time is 28 min;
the bottom blowing flow rate of the third stage is set to be 160Nl/min, and the time is 25 min;
the bottom blowing flow rate of the fourth stage is set to be 100Nl/min, and the time is 12 min.
Test examples
And (3) deoxidation effect: in order to verify the metallurgical quality of molten steel, the deoxidizers obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples are used in a No. 1 to 8 furnace in sequence in the process of smelting steel, and the addition amount of the deoxidizer is 0.015 to 0.03 percent; after the molten steel is refined outside the furnace, sampling from a ladle to analyze and detect oxygen gas in the steel, taking 4 ladles of examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 for detection, performing the standard of Q/CR50.3-1995 'measuring the oxygen content in the steel by pulse heating-gas chromatography', and averaging, wherein the test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 results of gas content measurements in steel.
| Furnace number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Oxygen content (ppm) | 20 | 17 | 18 | 106 |
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, when the deoxidizer provided by the invention is used for deoxidation treatment in the steel smelting process, the average oxygen content in a steel ladle is 18ppm, the highest oxygen content is 20ppm, the lowest oxygen content is 17ppm, and the deoxidizer can be stably controlled in a lower range; in the steel smelting industry at present, the traditional aluminum deoxidizer is required to be added in an amount of 0.05-0.08% in the steel smelting process, and the average value of the oxygen content in a ladle is about 100ppm after the molten steel is refined outside a furnace. The deoxidizer provided by the invention has the characteristics of small dosage and high deoxidation efficiency. The oxygen content in the molten steel can be controlled to be at the advanced level in the same industry by adding a small amount of the deoxidizer provided by the invention in the steel smelting process.
The target molten steel in the examples and comparative examples was made into wire rods, and inclusions in the wire rods were examined, and the main types were: sulfides such as MnS, CaS and the like, and sulfides, wherein partial oxides surround the sulfides or are associated with inclusions. According to the national standard GB/T10561-2005, the inclusion rating in steel is evaluated, and the percent of pass of the inclusion rating in the examples and the comparative examples is less than or equal to 1.5. The results are given in table 2 below.
Table 2 table of inclusion detection results.
Table 3 properties of the slabs produced from molten steel in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4.
Table 4 properties of the slabs produced from the molten steel in comparative examples 1 to 4.
As can be seen from tables 2 to 4, the deoxidizer and the use method of the present application can effectively increase the number of small-sized oxide particles and reduce the average size of inclusions to 6 μm or less, so that the inclusion density, the inclusion area and the inclusion size of the example group of the total amount of inclusions in steel after the billet is rolled are superior to those of the comparative example group. As can be seen from Table 4, the fatigue limit among the properties and the weld toughness and H resistance2The S corrosive example group is superior to the comparative example group, which shows that the deoxidizer and the use method of the deoxidizer can optimize the oxygen content in molten steel, and optimize the steel fatigue, the welding toughness and the H resistance2S corrosion performance.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The use method of the deoxidizer taking the aluminum ash as the raw material for refining is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out LF smelting on the smelting molten steel, adding a deoxidizer in batches, and controlling the flow of bottom blowing to obtain LF molten steel, wherein the total amount of the deoxidizer is 0.4-0.5kg/t, and the deoxidizer is prepared by taking aluminum ash as a raw material;
and carrying out vacuum refining treatment on the LF molten steel to obtain target molten steel, wherein the oxygen content of the target molten steel is 0.0015-0.004%.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the bottom blowing comprises a first stage bottom blowing, a second stage bottom blowing, a third stage bottom blowing, and a fourth stage bottom blowing;
the flow rate of the first-stage bottom blowing is 1100-1180 Nl/min, and the time of the first-stage bottom blowing is 10-20 min;
the flow rate of the second-stage bottom blowing is 250-380 Nl/min, and the time of the second-stage bottom blowing is 25-30 min;
the flow rate of the third-stage bottom blowing is 50-180 Nl/min, and the time of the third-stage bottom blowing is 10-20 min;
the flow rate of bottom blowing in the fourth stage is 30-50 Nl/min, and the time of bottom blowing in the fourth stage is 5-10 min.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: in LF smelting, synthetic slag is added according to the target alkalinity of LF refining slag.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the target alkalinity is 2.5 to 4.
5. According to claimThe method is characterized in that the synthetic slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaO: 65% -70%, MgO: 3% -20% of Al2O3：8％～15％，SiO2＜4％，CaF2: 8 to 15 percent, less than 0.05 percent of S and the balance of inevitable impurities.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the sulfide to the alumina in the target molten steel is 0.3 to 0.7.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the oxygen scavenger comprises: calculated by mass fraction, Al is more than or equal to 40 percent, CaO is less than or equal to 3 percent, N is less than or equal to 1.8 percent, P is less than 0.3 percent, S is less than 0.1 percent, and Si is less than 5 percent.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the deoxidizer has a density of 1.2t/m or less3。
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the deoxidizer has a particle size of 10mm to 14 mm.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the deoxidizer further comprises at least one of Mg, Fe, Cr, and Mn in its chemical composition.
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