CN114181617A - Fair-faced concrete modified interface agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Fair-faced concrete modified interface agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
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- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fair-faced concrete, and particularly discloses a modified interface agent for fair-faced concrete as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The modified interfacial agent comprises: an emulsion and modified inorganic nanoparticles dispersed in the emulsion. Wherein, the modified inorganic nano particles are hydrophilic and lipophilic amphoteric substances. The modified inorganic nanoparticles are introduced into the modified interface agent, and the number of hydroxyl groups on the surfaces of the modified inorganic nanoparticles is remarkably reduced, so that the inorganic nanoparticles are converted into hydrophilic and oleophilic amphoteric substances from super-hydrophilicity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fair-faced concrete, in particular to a fair-faced concrete modified interface agent and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
The fair-faced concrete is smooth and flat in surface and free of obvious air bubbles, and has strict requirements on engineering construction. In the engineering construction process of the fair-faced concrete, the fair-faced concrete is easy to have defects such as honeycomb pitted surface, color difference, air holes, ink spots, water wave lines, surface cracks and the like. At present, the modified interface agent is generally used in the construction process to solve the problems, so that the problems on the surface of concrete can be effectively reduced or even avoided, and the quality grade of the surface of a member is effectively improved.
The high-quality concrete modifying interface agent can even make the concrete surface achieve the mirror surface effect, namely the so-called mirror surface concrete, and also improves the strength of the concrete to a certain extent. However, the conventional modified interfacial agent is a polymer material, which has the advantage of being easily soluble in water and forming a smooth isolation film by coating the surface of a mold. However, due to the reasons of poor stability, no fit with the used template and the like, the modified interface agent has the defects of easy adhesion of products, easy corrosion of steel molds, few demolding times, easy freezing at low temperature, poor scouring resistance and the like, so that the formed clear concrete generally has the problems of poor surface quality, such as more surface pores, poor surface self-cleaning capability and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an as-cast finish concrete modified interface agent, and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the technical scheme, the modified inorganic nanoparticles are introduced into the modified interface agent, so that the modified inorganic nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the emulsion, and can permeate into the surface of a product to fill up surface pores in the concrete forming process, so that the surface of the product is smooth and has no pore color difference, and the apparent quality of the fair-faced concrete is improved. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
In a first aspect of the invention, there is disclosed an as-cast finish concrete modifying interfacial agent comprising: an emulsion and modified inorganic nanoparticles dispersed in the emulsion. The modified inorganic nano particles are hydrophilic and lipophilic amphoteric substances with hydroxyl hydrophilic groups and lipophilic groups such as aryl, alkyl and alkoxy on the surfaces. The modified inorganic nano particle contains organic lipophilic groups such as aryl, alkyl, alkoxy and the like, so that the nano particle with hydrophilicity has lipophilic property, and the modified inorganic nano particle is endowed with hydrophilic and lipophilic amphiphilic properties.
Further, the ratio of the emulsion to the modified inorganic nanoparticles is 55.05-90.1 parts by weight: 0.5 to 3.0 parts. In the invention, a hydrophobic structure network is built on the surface layer of the concrete by utilizing the characteristic micro-size effect and the amphoteric characteristic of the inorganic nanoparticles subjected to the inner surface modification, so that the surface quality of the concrete is improved.
Further, the emulsion is composed of water, simethicone and an anionic surfactant. Preferably, the weight parts of the water, the dimethyl silicone oil and the anionic surfactant are 50.0-80.0 parts in sequence: 5.0-10.0 parts: 0.05 to 0.1 portion. A hydrogen-containing silicone oil-like substance (oil phase) such as vinyl/alkyl group-containing end-capped polydimethylsiloxane, which forms a hydrophobic anionic surfactant in water together with an anionic surfactant. Alternatively, the anionic surfactant comprises any one of sodium alkyl sulfonate (e.g., sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate), sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, sodium alkyl sulfate, secondary sodium alkyl sulfate, and the like.
Further, the modified inorganic nanoparticles comprise: at least one of nano silicon dioxide, nano titanium dioxide, nano bentonite, nano diatomite and the like. Optionally, the particle size of the inorganic nanoparticles is preferably controlled to be between 20 and 90 nm. The inorganic nanoparticles have the volcanic ash activity and the physical filling effect, so that the internal pores of the concrete can be effectively reduced.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing the modified inorganic nanoparticles is disclosed, which comprises the following steps:
(1) providing inorganic nano particle dispersion liquid and providing silazane substance dispersion liquid for standby.
(2) And mixing the inorganic nanoparticle dispersion liquid and the silazane substance dispersion liquid, carrying out heat preservation reaction under an alkaline or acidic condition, and separating out a solid product after the reaction is finished, thereby obtaining the modified inorganic nanoparticles.
In the step (1), the inorganic nanoparticle dispersion liquid is formed by dispersing the inorganic nanoparticles in any one of organic solvents such as absolute methanol, absolute ethanol, and isopropyl alcohol. The organic solvent does not dissolve the inorganic nanoparticles, but can uniformly disperse the inorganic nanoparticles in the organic solvent to form a dispersion liquid, so that the inorganic nanoparticles are prevented from agglomerating and being incapable of fully contacting with the silazane substances, and the modification effect on the inorganic nanoparticles is influenced.
In the step (1), the dispersion liquid of the silylamine substance is formed by dispersing the silylamine substance in any one of organic solvents such as absolute methanol, absolute ethanol and isopropanol. The silazane can be uniformly dispersed in the solvent, so that the organic silicon dioxide can be fully mixed and contacted with the inorganic nano particles.
Further, in step (1), the silazane includes: hexamethyldisilazane, a silane coupling agent KH-550, a silane coupling agent KH-560, a silane coupling agent KH-570, and the like. After chemical reaction, the silane can provide hydrophobic functional groups for the surface of the inorganic nanoparticles, so that the modified nanoparticles have hydrophobic characteristics.
Further, in the step (2), alkali liquor or acid liquor is adopted to adjust the pH value of the reaction system to be alkaline or acidic. Preferably, the alkaline pH value is between 8 and 9, and the acidic pH value is between 5 and 6. Optionally, the lye comprises ammonia or the like; the acid solution comprises any one of acetic acid, oxalic acid and the like.
When hexamethyldisilazane and a silane coupling agent KH-570 are adopted as the silazane, the heat preservation reaction is carried out under an alkaline condition; when the silane coupling agent KH-550 and the silane coupling agent KH-560 are adopted as the silane-based substances, the heat preservation reaction is carried out under an acidic condition, because the silane-based substances can be hydrolyzed only under a weak alkaline environment, and the silane-based substances can be hydrolyzed only under a weak acidic condition, functional groups in the silane-based substances can be separated more conveniently under a corresponding reaction environment, and then the silane-based substances are grafted on the surfaces of the inorganic nanoparticles to form the modified inorganic nanoparticles with the amphiphilic characteristics.
Further, in the step (2), the heat preservation temperature is controlled to be 50-65 ℃, and the reaction time is preferably controlled to be 6-10 hours. Through the reaction under the condition of heat preservation and alkalinity, the hydrophobic functional groups in the silane substances can be more conveniently separated and then grafted on the surface of the inorganic nano particles.
Further, the step (2) further comprises the procedures of washing, drying and crushing the separated solid product, so that the solid product can be prepared into clean modified inorganic nano particles.
In a third aspect of the invention, a preparation method of the bare concrete modified interface agent is disclosed, which comprises the following steps:
(i) dispersing the modified inorganic nanoparticles in water to form a dispersion for later use.
(ii) And (f) then (i) adding the dimethyl silicone oil into the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (i) to be uniformly mixed, and then adding the anionic surfactant to be uniformly mixed to obtain the modified interface agent.
In the third aspect of the invention, the application of the fair-faced concrete modified interface agent in the fields of building engineering, bridge engineering, tunnel engineering and the like is disclosed; the modified interface agent can effectively improve the surface quality and self-cleaning capability of the fair-faced concrete.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the modified inorganic nanoparticles are introduced into the modified interface agent, and the number of hydroxyl groups on the surfaces of the modified inorganic nanoparticles is obviously reduced, so that the inorganic nanoparticles are changed from super-hydrophilicity to hydrophilic and oleophilic amphoteric substances, and can be uniformly dispersed in the emulsion to play the specific micro-size effect of the nanoparticles. After the modified inorganic nano particles are applied to the surface of the fair-faced concrete, the modified inorganic nano particles can be physically or weakly chemically adsorbed on the surface of the cement particles through polar groups on the surface of the cement particles, so that the cement is completely hydrated, and after a set age, the modified inorganic nano particles can permeate into the surface of the concrete, so that not only can fine gaps existing in the concrete be filled, but also the surface pores of the concrete are filled, and the apparent quality of the fair-faced concrete is remarkably improved.
(2) The lipophilicity of the modified inorganic nano particles can also build a hydrophobic structure network on the surface of concrete, thereby effectively improving the self-cleaning capability of the surface of the concrete and improving the surface quality of the concrete. In addition, the oil phase and the inorganic modified nano particles in the modified interface agent can generate a synergistic effect, so that the hydrophobic effect of the modified interface agent is enhanced, and the self-cleaning capability of the concrete surface is improved. The inorganic nano particle surface reaches a state of low surface energy due to modification, water molecules can form water drops instead of an infiltration state in the state, namely, the inorganic nano particle has hydrophobicity, and the modified nano particle can provide a rough state for the concrete surface, so that the concrete surface forms a micro-nano structure with a lotus leaf effect, and the concrete surface adopting the modified interface agent has good self-cleaning capability.
(3) The modified inorganic nano-particles of the invention can be mixed with cement hydration products Ca (OH) in the early stage2Reaction to generate more calcium silicate hydrate with strong binding power and large specific surface area, thereby effectively refining Ca (OH)2Crystal grains react to release heat and promote the hydration reaction of cementThe effects of delaying cement hydration and reducing cement hydration rate due to the addition of the polymer are compensated, the performance of an interface transition area is obviously improved, and the internal pores of the concrete can be effectively reduced. In addition, the unhydrated inorganic nano particles are filled in gaps among cement particles and hydration products, so that the filling effect of the micro aggregate is achieved, and the surface pores of the concrete are repaired. And the modified nano particles after modification have reduced surface hydroxyl content and good hydrophobicity, and can form a hydrophobic structure network on the surface of concrete, so that the self-cleaning capability of the concrete is effectively improved.
(4) The modified interface agent can reduce the using amount of an emulsifying machine in the emulsion preparation process, saves cost, is environment-friendly, non-toxic and harmless to human bodies, has transparency, and simultaneously ensures that the surface of concrete is smooth and has no air hole color difference, namely the appearance of the concrete modified by the modified interface agent is basically kept unchanged.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of fair-faced concrete prepared in the following first example.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of bare concrete prepared in the following blank example.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the effect of fair-faced concrete prepared with the release agent of the following commercial product example a.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the effect of fair-faced concrete prepared with the release agent of the following commercial product example b.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of the hydrophobicity test on fair-faced concrete prepared in the following first example.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of hydrophobicity tests on fair-faced concrete prepared by the following fifth example.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of hydrophobicity tests on fair-faced concrete prepared by the following sixth example.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in the following examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to be limiting as to the scope of the invention, wherein the preferred methods and materials are set forth in the following examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and are to be construed in detail.
Examples1
A preparation method of a bare concrete modified interface agent comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.0 parts of nano silicon dioxide with the particle size of 20-90nm, 0.05 part of hexamethyldisilazane, 8.0 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 0.1 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 60.0 parts of deionized water.
(2) And adding the nano silicon dioxide into 100ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 25min to obtain inorganic nano particle dispersion liquid for later use.
(3) Adding the hexamethyldisilazane into 25ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, and magnetically stirring for 10min to obtain a silazane dispersion liquid for later use.
(4) And (3) adding the inorganic nanoparticle dispersion liquid obtained in the step (2) into a container, heating the container in a water bath to 60 ℃, continuously stirring the mixture in the heating process, then adding the silaneamine dispersion liquid obtained in the step (3), adding ammonia water to adjust the pH value of the reaction system to be 8 +/-0.1, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 8 hours in the state. And after the reaction is finished, carrying out centrifugal treatment on the reaction liquid, repeatedly cleaning the separated solid product with clean water until the cleaning liquid is neutral, then drying for 24h at 65 ℃, and grinding the solid product into powder to obtain the modified inorganic nano particles.
(5) And (3) adding the modified inorganic nanoparticles obtained in the step (4) into the deionized water, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min, adding the dimethyl silicone oil, stirring in a high-speed shearing machine (10000r/min) for 20min, and adding the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and performing magnetic stirring for 10min to obtain the modified interface agent.
Examples2
A preparation method of a bare concrete modified interface agent comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5 part of nano titanium dioxide with the particle size of 20-90nm, KH-5500.025 parts of silane coupling agent, 5.0 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 0.05 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 50.0 parts of deionized water.
(2) And adding the nano titanium dioxide into 125ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20min to obtain inorganic nano particle dispersion liquid for later use.
(3) Adding the silane coupling agent KH-550 into absolute ethyl alcohol, and magnetically stirring for 5min to obtain a silanization alkane dispersion liquid for later use.
(4) And (3) adding the inorganic nanoparticle dispersion liquid obtained in the step (2) into a container, heating the container in a water bath to 50 ℃, continuously stirring the mixture in the heating process, then adding the silanization dispersion liquid obtained in the step (3), adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value of the reaction system to be 6 +/-0.1, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 10 hours in the state. And after the reaction is finished, carrying out centrifugal treatment on the reaction liquid, repeatedly cleaning the separated solid product with clean water until the cleaning liquid is neutral, then drying at 70 ℃ for 22h, and grinding the solid product into powder to obtain the modified inorganic nano particles.
(5) And (3) adding the modified inorganic nanoparticles obtained in the step (4) into the deionized water, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min, adding the dimethyl silicone oil, stirring in a high-speed shearing machine (10000r/min) for 15min, adding the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and performing magnetic stirring for 10min to obtain the modified interface agent.
Examples3
A preparation method of a bare concrete modified interface agent comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3.0 parts of nano bentonite with the particle size of 20-90nm, KH-5600.075 parts of silane coupling agent, 10.0 parts of simethicone, 0.1 part of alkyl sodium sulfate and 80.0 parts of deionized water.
(2) And adding the nano bentonite into 150ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20min to obtain inorganic nano particle dispersion liquid for later use.
(3) Adding the silane coupling agent KH-560 into 50ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, and magnetically stirring for 5min to obtain a silanization alkane dispersion liquid for later use.
(4) And (3) adding the inorganic nanoparticle dispersion liquid obtained in the step (2) into a container, heating the mixture in a water bath to 65 ℃, continuously stirring the mixture in the heating process, then adding the silane-based dispersion liquid obtained in the step (3), adding oxalic acid to adjust the pH value of the reaction system to be 5 +/-0.1, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 6 hours in the state. And after the reaction is finished, carrying out centrifugal treatment on the reaction liquid, repeatedly cleaning the separated solid product with clear water until the cleaning liquid is neutral, then drying at 75 ℃ for 21h, and grinding the solid product into powder to obtain the modified inorganic nano particles.
(5) And (3) adding the modified inorganic nanoparticles obtained in the step (4) into the deionized water, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min, adding the dimethyl silicone oil, stirring in a high-speed shearing machine (10000r/min) for 15min, and adding the alkyl sodium sulfate, and performing magnetic stirring for 10min to obtain the modified interface agent.
Examples4
A preparation method of a bare concrete modified interface agent comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.0 part of nano diatomite with the particle size of 20-90nm, 1.0 part of silane coupling agent KH-5700.050 parts, 6.0 parts of simethicone, 0.7 part of alkyl aryl sodium sulfonate and 55.0 parts of deionized water.
(2) And adding the nano diatomite into 175ml of anhydrous methanol, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20min to obtain inorganic nano particle dispersion liquid for later use.
(3) Adding the silane coupling agent KH-570 into 60ml of anhydrous methanol, and magnetically stirring for 5min to obtain the silazane dispersion liquid for later use.
(4) And (3) adding the inorganic nanoparticle dispersion liquid obtained in the step (2) into a container, heating the mixture in a water bath to 55 ℃, continuously stirring the mixture in the heating process, then adding the silane-based dispersion liquid obtained in the step (3), adding ammonia water to adjust the pH value of the reaction system to 9 +/-0.1, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 9 hours in the state. And after the reaction is finished, carrying out centrifugal treatment on the reaction liquid, repeatedly cleaning the separated solid product with clean water until the cleaning liquid is neutral, then drying the solid product at 80 ℃ for 20 hours, and grinding the solid product into powder to obtain the modified inorganic nano particles.
(5) And (3) adding the modified inorganic nanoparticles obtained in the step (4) into the deionized water, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min, then adding the dimethyl silicone oil, stirring in a high-speed shearing machine (10000r/min) for 15min, and then adding the sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, and performing magnetic stirring for 10min to obtain the modified interface agent.
Examples5
A preparation method of a bare concrete modified interface agent comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.0 parts of nano silicon dioxide with the particle size of 20-90nm, 8.0 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 0.1 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 60.0 parts of deionized water.
(2) And (2) adding the inorganic nanoparticles obtained in the step (1) into the deionized water, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min, adding the dimethyl silicone oil, stirring in a high-speed shearing machine for 20min (10000r/min), and adding the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate amine, and performing magnetic stirring for 10min to obtain the modified interface agent.
Examples6
A preparation method of a bare concrete modified interface agent comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.0 parts of nano silicon dioxide with the particle size of 20-90nm, 8.0 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 0.1 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 60.0 parts of deionized water.
(2) And adding the nano silicon dioxide into 100ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 25min to obtain inorganic nano particle dispersion liquid for later use.
(3) And (3) adding the inorganic nanoparticle dispersion liquid obtained in the step (2) into a container, heating the mixture in a water bath to 60 ℃, continuously stirring the mixture in the heating process, then adding ammonia water to adjust the pH value of the reaction system to be 8 +/-0.1, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 8 hours in the state. And after the reaction is finished, carrying out centrifugal treatment on the reaction liquid, repeatedly cleaning the separated solid product with clean water until the cleaning liquid is neutral, then drying for 24h at 65 ℃, and grinding the solid product into powder to obtain the modified inorganic nanoparticles.
(4) And (3) adding the modified inorganic nanoparticles obtained in the step (5) into the deionized water, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min, adding the dimethyl silicone oil, stirring in a high-speed shearing machine (10000r/min) for 20min, and adding the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and performing magnetic stirring for 10min to obtain the modified interface agent.
Performance testing
The modified interface agent prepared in the embodiment is used as a release agent, is coated on the inner surface of a mold for preparing fair-faced concrete, is released after the fair-faced concrete is molded, and the maximum pore diameter and porosity of the obtained fair-faced concrete test block are tested, so that the surface modification capacity of the modified interface agent prepared in the embodiment on the fair-faced concrete is measured.
For further comparison with the modified interface agent product before improvement, a group of blank examples, commercially available product examples a (commercial product a) and commercially available product examples b (commercial product b) is also set. Wherein: the blank example is an as-cast finish concrete test block obtained without any modified interfacial agent/release agent applied to the inner surface of the mold for making as-cast finish concrete. In the commercially available product examples a and b, salad oil as a commercially available pure oil type release agent and oil-in-water type release agent as an emulsion type release agent were used, respectively.
The preparation method of the bare concrete test block comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 9.0kg of stone coarse aggregate; 8kg of sand fine aggregate; 1.5kg of water, a cementing material (0.8 kg of fly ash, 3.5kg of cement and 0.3kg of silica fume), a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent accounting for 1.5 percent of the total mass of the raw materials, a defoaming agent accounting for 0.05 percent of the total mass of the raw materials and an air entraining agent accounting for 0.03 percent of the total mass of the raw materials.
(2) The modified interface agents of the above examples, blank examples and commercial product examples are respectively used as release agents, the release agents are coated on the inner surface of a mold, and then clear water concrete slurry is poured into the mold, and the slurry is prepared by the following method: and pouring the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the cementing material into a stirrer to be pre-stirred for 120s, then pouring the other raw materials into the stirrer to be continuously stirred for 240s, pouring the mixture into the mould after the stirring is stopped, vibrating the mixture for 60s by using a vibrating device, curing the mixture for 48h in a standard curing room, and demolding the mixture after the curing is finished to obtain the clear water concrete test block.
And (3) measuring the maximum pore diameter and the porosity of each bare concrete test block according to the standard, wherein the porosity of the concrete surface is measured by adopting JGJ169-2009 'technical Specification for bare concrete application', each test block is measured at three different positions, and then the average value is calculated.
The porosity is the percentage of the area of pores on the surface to be measured in the total area of the surface to be measured, the invention adopts a 2500 ten thousand pixel digital camera to collect the image of the concrete surface, the distance between a lens and the concrete surface is fixed to be 1m, and the size of the collected concrete surface is 300mm multiplied by 300 mm. The ambient light is bright when the concrete surface image is collected, a scale with the precision of 0.05-0.1mm is arranged in the concrete surface image collecting area, and the lens is vertical and is positioned at the midpoint of the concrete surface. After four steps of image acquisition, size correction, pore measurement and data derivation, the surface state of the concrete is analyzed to obtain the surface porosity of the concrete. The maximum pore diameter was measured and recorded directly using a standard ruler, and the results are shown in the table below.
The effect graph of the fair-faced concrete prepared by the modified interface agent of the first embodiment is shown in fig. 1, the effect graph of the fair-faced concrete test block obtained by the blank embodiment is shown in fig. 2, the effect graph of the fair-faced concrete prepared by the release agent of the commercial product embodiment a is shown in fig. 3, and the effect graph of the fair-faced concrete test block prepared by the release agent of the commercial product embodiment b is shown in fig. 4. Also, in combination with the test results in the table above, it can be seen that: the modified interface agents prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 have obvious improvement on the surface quality of the fair-faced concrete, and one reason is that: the modified inorganic nano particles are physically or weakly chemically adsorbed in concrete through polar groups on the surfaces of the inorganic nano particlesThe cement particle surface enables the cement to be hydrated more completely, and after the set age is reached, the modified inorganic nano particles can permeate into the concrete surface, can fill fine gaps in the concrete and fill the surface pores of the concrete. In addition, the modified inorganic nano-particles can react with the cement hydration products Ca (OH) in the early stage2Reaction to generate more calcium silicate hydrate with strong binding power and large specific surface area, thereby effectively refining Ca (OH)2The crystal grains react to release heat, so that the cement hydration reaction is promoted, the effects of delaying cement hydration and reducing the cement hydration rate due to the addition of the polymer are compensated, the performance of an interface transition area is obviously improved, and the internal pores of the concrete can be effectively reduced. The unhydrated inorganic nano particles are filled in gaps among cement particles and hydration products, so that the micro aggregate filling effect is achieved, the surface pores of the concrete are repaired, and the apparent quality of the fair-faced concrete is obviously improved. However, the improvement of the surface quality of the bare concrete in examples 5 and 6 and the existing commercial products is far less than that in examples 1 to 4.
In addition, referring to fig. 5 to 7, there are shown the results of the hydrophobicity tests of the bare concrete prepared in the first, fifth and sixth embodiments, respectively, wherein the contact angle in fig. 5 is 151.37 °; the contact angle in fig. 6 is 46.92 °; as can be seen from the contact angle of 75.29 ° in fig. 7, the surface hydrophobicity of the fair-faced concrete of the first embodiment is significantly better than that of the fifth and sixth embodiments, one reason for this is that the surface of the inorganic nanoparticles is modified to a low surface energy state, in which water molecules form water drops instead of a wetting state, that is, the surface has hydrophobicity, and the modified nanoparticles provide a rough state for the surface of the concrete, so that the surface of the concrete has a "lotus effect" micro-nano structure, and the surface of the concrete using the modified interface agent of the present invention has good self-cleaning ability.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An as-cast finish concrete modifying interfacial agent, which is characterized in that the modifying agent comprises:
an emulsion;
modified inorganic nanoparticles dispersed in the emulsion;
wherein the modified inorganic nanoparticles are amphiphilic substances which have hydroxyl hydrophilic groups on the surface and at least one of aryl, alkyl and alkoxy groups.
2. The bare concrete modified interface agent according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the emulsion to the modified inorganic nanoparticles is 55.05-90.1 parts by weight: 0.5 to 3.0 parts by weight.
3. The bare concrete modifying interface agent according to claim 1, wherein the emulsion is comprised of water, dimethicone and an anionic surfactant;
preferably, the weight parts of the water, the dimethyl silicone oil and the anionic surfactant are 50.0-80.0 parts in sequence: 5.0-10.0 parts: 0.05-0.1 part;
preferably, the anionic surfactant comprises any one of sodium alkyl sulfonate, sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, sodium alkyl sulfate and secondary sodium alkyl sulfate.
4. The bare concrete modifying interface agent according to claim 1, wherein the modified inorganic nanoparticles comprise: at least one of nano silicon dioxide, nano titanium dioxide, nano bentonite and nano diatomite; preferably, the particle size of the inorganic nanoparticles is controlled between 20-90 nm.
5. The bare concrete modifying interface agent according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the preparation of the modified inorganic nanoparticles comprises the steps of:
(1) providing inorganic nano particle dispersion liquid and providing silazane substance dispersion liquid for later use;
(2) and mixing the inorganic nano particle dispersion liquid and the silazane substance dispersion liquid, carrying out heat preservation reaction under an alkaline condition, and separating out a solid product after the reaction is finished, thereby obtaining the modified inorganic nano particles.
6. The fair-faced concrete modifying interface agent as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step (1), the inorganic nanoparticle dispersion liquid is formed by dispersing inorganic nanoparticles in any one of absolute methanol, absolute ethanol and isopropanol;
or in the step (1), the dispersion liquid of the silizane compound is formed by dispersing the silizane compound in any one of absolute methanol, absolute ethanol and isopropanol;
preferably, in step (1), the silazane comprises: hexamethyldisilazane, a silane coupling agent KH-550, a silane coupling agent KH-560, and a silane coupling agent KH-570.
7. The bare concrete modified interface agent according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the pH value of the reaction system is adjusted to be alkaline or acidic by using alkali liquor or acid liquor;
preferably, the alkaline pH value is between 8 and 9, or the acidic pH value is between 5 and 6;
preferably, the lye comprises ammonia; the acid solution comprises any one of acetic acid and oxalic acid.
8. The bare concrete modified interface agent according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the heat preservation temperature is controlled to be 50-65 ℃, and the reaction time is controlled to be 6-10 hours;
preferably, the step (2) further comprises the steps of washing, drying and crushing the separated solid product to obtain the modified inorganic nanoparticles.
9. The preparation method of the bare concrete modified interface agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized in that the emulsion in the bare concrete modified interface agent as claimed in claim 3 is used as a raw material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(i) dispersing the modified inorganic nanoparticles in water to form a dispersion liquid for later use;
(ii) and (f) adding dimethyl silicone oil into the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (i) to mix uniformly, adding an anionic surfactant to mix uniformly, and obtaining the modified interfacial agent.
10. Use of the bare concrete modified interface agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or the bare concrete modified interface agent obtained by the preparation method according to claim 9 in the fields of building engineering, bridge engineering and tunnel engineering.
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