CN114181363A - High-strength wood-like composite polyether, polyurethane foam, raw material composition of polyurethane foam and preparation method of polyurethane foam - Google Patents
High-strength wood-like composite polyether, polyurethane foam, raw material composition of polyurethane foam and preparation method of polyurethane foam Download PDFInfo
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- CN114181363A CN114181363A CN202111534882.6A CN202111534882A CN114181363A CN 114181363 A CN114181363 A CN 114181363A CN 202111534882 A CN202111534882 A CN 202111534882A CN 114181363 A CN114181363 A CN 114181363A
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- polyurethane foam
- polyether
- polyether polyol
- composite
- wood
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- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002323 Silicone foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013514 silicone foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical group CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012970 tertiary amine catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- HHDUMDVQUCBCEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[10,15,20-tris(4-carboxyphenyl)-21,23-dihydroporphyrin-5-yl]benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)c1ccc(cc1)-c1c2ccc(n2)c(-c2ccc(cc2)C(O)=O)c2ccc([nH]2)c(-c2ccc(cc2)C(O)=O)c2ccc(n2)c(-c2ccc(cc2)C(O)=O)c2ccc1[nH]2 HHDUMDVQUCBCEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000565391 Fraxinus mandshurica Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007377 Petunia x hybrida Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- KVMPUXDNESXNOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(1-chloropropan-2-yl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCC(C)OP(=O)(OC(C)CCl)OC(C)CCl KVMPUXDNESXNOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of polyurethane, and particularly relates to high-strength wood-like composite polyether, polyurethane foam, a raw material composition of the high-strength wood-like composite polyether and the polyurethane foam, and a preparation method of the high-strength wood-like composite polyether and the polyurethane foam. The high-strength wood-like composite polyether comprises the following raw materials: polyether polyol A with a hydroxyl value of 425 +/-15 mgKOH/g, polyether polyol B with a hydroxyl value of 430 +/-30 mgKOH/g, polyether polyol C with a hydroxyl value of 245 +/-10 mgKOH/g, a foam stabilizer, a catalyst, water, glass beads and a flame retardant; and mixing the combined polyether with isocyanate and foaming to obtain the polyurethane foam. The invention obviously improves the compressive strength on the premise of ensuring the surface hardness of the original wood-like product, and simultaneously has the advantages that the density can be adjusted at any time through water quantity control, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polyurethane, and particularly relates to high-strength wood-like composite polyether, polyurethane foam, a raw material composition of the high-strength wood-like composite polyether and the polyurethane foam, and a preparation method of the high-strength wood-like composite polyether and the polyurethane foam.
Background
With the development of the home decoration industry, in view of the defects that the price of solid wood furniture is increasingly high, the regeneration period of wood is slow and the like, meanwhile, the PU material can be made into furniture with various wood grains, such as fraxinus mandshurica, oak and the like, the grain and the texture of the PU wood-imitating furniture are very close to those of the wood, and even some characteristics are better than those of the solid wood, such as carving, moisture prevention, and difficult cracking and deformation. Can produce PU wood-like furniture accessory products with various shapes, sizes, patterns and colors. Can also be processed and customized according to the requirements of customers,
the PU material also has the advantages of green environmental protection: no radiation and no volatilization. No gas harmful to human body is generated after pyrolysis. Easy processing: the material is even, but saw, can dig, can file, and the installation does not have the waste material hardly, and is economic environmental protection. The colorability is good: can be coated with water-based and oil-based paints of various colors on the surface, and has long retention time after coloring. High heat insulation, is an excellent heat insulation product and can not generate cold and hot bridges. Compared with solid wood products, the PU wood-like material also has excellent flame retardant property;
however, compared with the same density of solid wood furniture, the strength of the same PU material is far lower than the compressive strength of wood, and in order to improve the compressive strength of PU wood-like products in actual production, manufacturers generally improve the compressive strength of the wood-like products by improving the density of the wood-like products.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the problem of low strength of common PU wood-like materials in the prior art is solved, and the high-strength wood-like composite polyether, the polyurethane foam, the raw material composition and the preparation method thereof are provided, so that the compressive strength is obviously improved on the premise of ensuring the surface hardness of the original wood-like product, and the density can be adjusted at any time through water quantity control.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is as follows:
the high-strength wood-like composite polyether comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the polyether polyol A is polyether polyol with viscosity of 32000 +/-4000 mPa & s at 25 ℃ and hydroxyl value of 425 +/-15 mgKOH/g.
The polyether polyol B is polyether polyol with the viscosity of 2000 +/-500 mPa & s at 25 ℃ and the hydroxyl value of 430 +/-30 mgKOH/g.
The polyether polyol C is polyether polyol with the viscosity of 260 +/-100 mPa & s at 25 ℃ and the hydroxyl value of 245 +/-10 mgKOH/g.
The viscosities of the polyether polyol a, the polyether polyol B, and the polyether polyol C may each independently be a viscosity conventional in the art, such as a kinematic viscosity. The kinematic viscosity is typically measured using a rotational viscometer.
Preferably, the polyether polyol A is a polyether polyol which is produced by new materials of sentential and Ningwu Limited and has a designation of NJ-8243, the water content of the polyether polyol A is generally less than 0.1%, and the percentage is the percentage of the mass of water in the total mass of the polyether polyol A.
Preferably, the polyether polyol B is a polyether polyol which is produced by Tanshun New materials Co., Ltd and has a trade name of NJ-4110G, the water content of the polyether polyol B is generally less than 0.1%, and the percentage is the percentage of the mass of water in the total mass of the polyether polyol B.
Preferably, the polyether polyol C is a polyether polyol manufactured by new materials of sentential and Ningwu Limited under the trademark NJ-307, the moisture content of which is generally less than 0.1 percent, and the percentage is the percentage of the mass of water in the total mass of the polyether polyol C.
The foam stabilizer may be a foam stabilizer conventional in the art, and preferably a silicone-based foam stabilizer. Preferably, the silicone foam stabilizer is a silicone foam stabilizer with the brand number of M-8805 produced by new Nanjing Maillard materials Co.
The catalyst may be a catalyst conventional in the art, preferably an amine catalyst and/or an organometallic catalyst.
Preferably, the amine catalyst is a tertiary amine catalyst. Preferably, the tertiary amine catalyst is a composite catalyst of POLYCAT 46 and TMR-31. The composite catalyst is a mixture of POLYCAT 46 and TMR-31. Preferably, the mass ratio of the POLYCAT 46 to the TMR-31 in the composite catalyst is 1 (1-1.5).
Preferably, the water is deionized water.
The flame retardant is preferably triethyl phosphate.
The composite polyether of the present invention can be prepared according to conventional preparation methods in the art, for example, by uniformly mixing the components of the raw material composition of the composite polyether. Preferably, the mixing is performed in a mixing vessel having a safety device. Preferably, the mixing vessel is a mixing kettle. Preferably, the mixing is performed in a stainless steel vessel. Preferably, the mixing is performed under stirring conditions. Preferably, the mixing time is 0.5 to 1 hour, such as 0.75 hour.
The second technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention also provides a raw material composition of polyurethane foam, which comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A is the combined polyether, and the component B is isocyanate; the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:1.0-1: 1.1.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:1.0-1: 1.1.
Preferably, the isocyanate is polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (polymeric MDI for short). The polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate refers to a mixture of pure diphenylmethane diisocyanate and polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate. Preferably, in the product of the polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, the content of the polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate is 51.3%, and the percentage is mass percent.
Preferably, the polymeric MDI is model PM200 polymeric MDI made by petunia.
The third technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention also provides a preparation method of the polyurethane foam, which comprises the following steps: and mixing the component A and the component B, and foaming to prepare polyurethane foam.
The conditions for the preparation process of the polyurethane foam may be various conditions conventional in the art.
Preferably, the apparatus for foaming is a low-pressure casting machine or an electric mixer.
Preferably, the foaming temperature is 20-25 ℃, e.g. 22 ℃.
The polyurethane foam can be used as PU wood-like furniture material, according to the common knowledge in the field, when in use, the A component and the B component are not mixed before use, and are mixed and ready to use, and are injected into a mould for foaming.
The fourth technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention also provides the polyurethane foam prepared by the preparation method of the polyurethane foam.
Preferably, the polyurethane foam is a rigid polyurethane foam.
The above preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain preferred embodiments of the present invention without departing from the common general knowledge in the art.
The reagents and starting materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) compared with the conventional wood-like PU product, the polyurethane foam product has the advantages of higher strength under the same density, lower density under the same density and the like;
(2) compared with the conventional wood products, the polyurethane foam product has the advantages of environmental protection, corrosion resistance and the like.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
Polyether polyol NJ-8243, available from Tanshun New materials, Inc.
Polyether polyol NJ-4110G, available from Tandong Ningwu New materials, Inc.
Polyether polyol NJ-307, available from Tanshun New materials, Inc.
Silicone type foam stabilizer AK-8805, available from New materials, Inc. of Nanjing Maillard.
The glass beads are 3M type S60 hollow glass beads in the United states.
Isocyanate is polymeric MDI available from Tantario, model PM 200.
The flame retardant was tris (1-chloro-2 propyl) phosphate type TCPP available from Taian Yangrong Biotech Ltd.
Examples 1 to 3
The compositions of the polyurethane foams of examples 1-3 were as shown in Table 1, with the amounts of the raw materials being in parts by weight.
TABLE 1
Polyurethane foams were prepared according to the raw material composition of table 1, as follows:
(1) preparation of the conjugate polyether:
and uniformly mixing all the raw materials of the combined polyether in a stainless steel mixing kettle for 45min, and uniformly stirring.
(2) Preparation of polyurethane foam:
the combined polyether and isocyanate react at 22 ℃ according to the proportion, and the mixture is injected into a mould to prepare the PU wood-like foam.
Comparative examples 1 to 4
The compositions of the polyurethane foams of comparative examples 1 to 4 were as shown in Table 2, and the amounts of the raw materials were in parts by weight.
TABLE 2
Polyurethane foams were prepared according to the raw material composition of table 2, as follows:
(1) preparation of the conjugate polyether:
and uniformly mixing all the raw materials of the combined polyether in a stainless steel mixing kettle for 45min, and uniformly stirring.
(2) Preparation of polyurethane foam:
the combined polyether and isocyanate react at 22 ℃ according to the proportion, and the mixture is injected into a mould to prepare the PU wood-like foam.
The polyurethane foams prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 were tested and the results are shown in Table 3 below.
TABLE 3
| Detecting items | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 |
| Density kg/m3 | 800 | 610 | 380 | 810 | 615 | 395 | 800 |
| Compressive strength MPa | 45.3 | 36.1 | 24.2 | 33.2 | 17.2 | 16.7 | 25.3 |
Claims (10)
1. A high-strength wood-like composite polyether is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the polyether polyol A is polyether polyol with viscosity of 32000 +/-4000 mPa & s at 25 ℃ and hydroxyl value of 425 +/-15 mgKOH/g;
the polyether polyol B is polyether polyol with the viscosity of 2000 +/-500 mPa & s at 25 ℃ and the hydroxyl value of 430 +/-30 mgKOH/g;
the polyether polyol C is polyether polyol with the viscosity of 260 +/-100 mPa & s at 25 ℃ and the hydroxyl value of 245 +/-10 mgKOH/g.
2. The high-strength wood-like composite polyether according to claim 1, wherein: the polyether polyol A is NJ-8243, the polyether polyol B is NJ-4110G, and the polyether polyol C is NJ-307.
3. The high-strength wood-like composite polyether according to claim 1, wherein: the foam stabilizer is a silicone foam stabilizer.
4. The high-strength wood-like composite polyether according to claim 1, wherein: the catalyst is an amine catalyst and/or an organic metal catalyst.
5. The high-strength wood-like composite polyether according to claim 1, wherein: the flame retardant is triethyl phosphate.
6. A raw material composition of polyurethane foam composed of the conjugate polyether as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the polyether polyol comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A is the combined polyether, and the component B is isocyanate; the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1 (1.0-1.1).
7. A raw material composition for polyurethane foam according to claim 6, characterized in that: the isocyanate is polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
8. A polyurethane foam prepared from a raw material composition of the polyurethane foam of claim 6, wherein: is rigid polyurethane foam.
9. A method of preparing the polyurethane foam of claim 8, wherein: and mixing the component A and the component B for foaming to prepare the polyurethane foam.
10. The method of producing a polyurethane foam according to claim 9, characterized in that: the foaming temperature is 20-25 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111534882.6A CN114181363B (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | High-strength wood-like combined polyether, polyurethane foam and raw material composition and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111534882.6A CN114181363B (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | High-strength wood-like combined polyether, polyurethane foam and raw material composition and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114181363A true CN114181363A (en) | 2022-03-15 |
| CN114181363B CN114181363B (en) | 2023-12-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111534882.6A Active CN114181363B (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | High-strength wood-like combined polyether, polyurethane foam and raw material composition and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103755908A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-30 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | High compression-resistant flame retardant rigid polyurethane foam plastic and preparation method thereof |
| CN106632953A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 上海东大聚氨酯有限公司 | Premixed polyether polyols and raw material composite for polyurethane imitated wood and using method of raw material composite |
| CN108017772A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-11 | 上海东大聚氨酯有限公司 | Polyurethane imitation woodwork combined polyether, polyurethane raw material composition, polyurethane foam and preparation method thereof |
| CN110437412A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-12 | 山西海诺科技股份有限公司 | A kind of polyurethane wood-imitation material and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-12-15 CN CN202111534882.6A patent/CN114181363B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103755908A (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2014-04-30 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | High compression-resistant flame retardant rigid polyurethane foam plastic and preparation method thereof |
| CN106632953A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 上海东大聚氨酯有限公司 | Premixed polyether polyols and raw material composite for polyurethane imitated wood and using method of raw material composite |
| CN108017772A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-11 | 上海东大聚氨酯有限公司 | Polyurethane imitation woodwork combined polyether, polyurethane raw material composition, polyurethane foam and preparation method thereof |
| CN110437412A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-12 | 山西海诺科技股份有限公司 | A kind of polyurethane wood-imitation material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114181363B (en) | 2023-12-05 |
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