CN114181197B - Preparation method, preparation and purity analysis method of medicine for treating intestinal cancer - Google Patents
Preparation method, preparation and purity analysis method of medicine for treating intestinal cancer Download PDFInfo
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- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of chemical medicines, and particularly relates to a preparation method, a preparation and a purity analysis method of a medicine for treating intestinal cancer. The preparation is a solid dispersion technology of a suitable salt of the kanafinil, can accelerate the absorption of the kanafinil in intestines and stomach, and the suitable salt of the kanafinil refers to kanafinil double hydrochloride and kanafinil double mesylate. The invention is helpful to relieve the accessibility problem of the anti-intestinal cancer drug.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of chemical medicines, and particularly relates to a preparation method, a preparation and an analysis method of a medicine for treating intestinal cancer.
Background
Due to the declining physical labor, the incidence of intestinal cancer in many areas of China is increased due to the eating habits of high oil, high fat and high sugar, due to obesity and the living habits of sedentary, driving, staying up, drinking, smoking and the like. For example, the reported incidence rate of the intestinal cancer in 2006-2013 in metropolis is from 12.13/10 ten thousand to 19.40/10 ten thousand, and the incidence rate is in a remarkably rising trend. The incidence of intestinal cancer reports is in the 3 rd position of malignant tumor reports (2006 + 2013. adult City intestinal cancer incidence and death trend analysis, occupational health and disease injury, 12 months in 2015, 6 th volume 30. Heyan). The incidence of colorectal cancer on Yuanyang streets in Songjiang district of Shanghai city is on a rising trend year by year, and the incidence of colorectal cancer rises 104.26% in 2013 compared with 2003 (analysis of incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in Songjiang district of Shanghai city from 2003 to 2013, primary health care in China, 6 months in 2016, 6 th in volume 30, ye Ji, He Jia le, Luxing brother). The national standard incidence ratio of colorectal cancer in Xining is 1.37:1 (8.34/10 ten thousand: 6.10/10 ten thousand) in men and women, and is obviously higher than that in Pudong new areas in developed areas of the east of China (2009-2014 colorectal cancer incidence and trend analysis of residents in Xining of Qinghai province, tumor prevention and treatment research, 2017, volume 44, phase 1, Chua becomes happy, and Zhao becomes tiger).
Avoiding the change of Chinese disease spectrum and repeating the old way of developed countries, in order to reduce the incidence of intestinal cancer, the life style needs to be changed fundamentally. However, with the advent of the mobile internet age, the physical labor of people is further reduced, and for the existing intestinal cancer patients, it is more necessary to reduce the mortality of intestinal cancer and improve the quality of life, and the conventional chemotherapy method is developed around 5-Fu, and has many side effects and limitations, such as problems of anus, sexual function impairment, and tumor metastasis.
The FDA approved 6 small molecule drugs for the treatment of metastatic melanoma, all being small molecule drugs directed to MAPK cascade signaling pathway [ i.e., small GTP-binding protein (RAS) -serine/threonine protein kinase (RAF) -mitogen-activated protein kinase/kinase (MEK) -extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) ] viminafenib, dalafinib, trimatinib, cobicistinib, conafinib and bimatinib, respectively (metastatic melanoma targeting and immunotherapy research progress, medical research institute report, 2021 year 3 month, volume 34, phase 3, korean reviews, zhao hai dragon review).
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathways are one of the most important intracellular signaling pathways that regulate cell growth, proliferation and differentiation, and are particularly abnormally active in a variety of tumor cells. BRAF kinase is the strongest activator of downstream MAPK signaling pathway, whose overexpression or mutation is closely associated with tumorigenesis.
The latest american tumor epidemiological report published in 2021 suggests that colorectal cancer incidence and mortality are the 3 rd position of all carcinomas. BRAF gene mutations occur in approximately 15% of metastatic colorectal cancers, and the prognosis is particularly poor in these patients. Whereas the V600 mutation is the most common mutation in the BRAF gene, patients carrying the BRAF V600E mutation are twice as at risk of mortality as patients carrying the wild-type BRAF gene.
Cannefenib, marketed by Array BioPharma, a biopharmaceutical company of the united states, is a kinase inhibitor that targets BRAF V600E and wild-type BRAF and CRAF in cellular assays with IC50 values of 0.35,0.47 and 0.3nM, respectively. Mutations in the BRAF gene, such as BRAF V600E, can lead to constitutively active BRAF kinase, which can stimulate tumor cell growth. Canfenib inhibits the growth in vitro of tumor cell lines expressing BRAF V600E, D and K mutations. The tumor cells expressing BRAF V600E were implanted with the Inmic, and Connelfenib-induced tumor regression was associated with inhibition of the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway.
The NCCN guidelines have recommended the regimen of cornefenib in combination with cetuximab as a new standard treatment for patients with advanced stage of BRAF mutation treated colorectal cancer. For the treatment of adult patients suffering from metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) with a BRAF V600E mutation and who have been treated systemically.
Kanafini's Chinese cultural name: methyl N- [ (2S) -1- [ (4- [3- [ 5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (methanesulfonamide) phenyl)]-1- (prop-2-yl) -1 h-pyrazol-4-ylpyrimidin-2-yl) amino]Prop-2-yl]Carbamate, formula: c22H27ClFN7O4S, molecular weight: 540.01 CAS registry number 1269440-17-6, having the following chemical structure:
patent CN201080038197 reports a synthetic method of kanafinil. The patent relates to a method for synthesizing kanafenib by taking a compound 12, a compound 16 or 17, a compound 8a, a compound 8b, a compound 8c and methanesulfonyl chloride as starting raw materials through multiple routes, wherein N-alkylation reaction, Suzuki coupling reaction, dettertbutyloxycarbonyl and demethylsulfonyl reaction, sulfonylation reaction and the like are involved, and the synthetic route is shown as follows:
the synthesis routes of the compounds 16 and 17 and the compounds 8a, 8b and 8c in the above reaction formula disclosed in CN201080038197 are as follows:
however, the above-mentioned routes, such as the synthesis of kanafenib using compounds 12, 18 and 20 as starting materials, require 14 steps of reaction at the shortest time, and have many problems such as long route, low yield and difficult industrialization. It is urgently needed to develop a new synthetic route of kanafanib, which has the advantages of shorter route, high yield, easy industrialization and low cost.
On the other hand, patent EP3449911 discloses solid dispersion formulations of canfenib. The patent states that canfenib is a BCS class II drug that exhibits poor water solubility at mildly acidic and neutral pH, which presents challenges to drug oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Canfenib exhibits typical weak base solubility, being highly soluble at low pH due to salt formation, begins to decrease in solubility at around pH 3.0, maintaining lower solubility levels in the neutral pH range. After the kanafinil drug is emptied from the stomach, the kanafinil tends to precipitate out of solution rapidly due to a sudden decrease in solubility caused by an increase in the pH of the intestinal tract. This significantly reduces the absorption of cornefenib in the intestinal tract.
The invention aims to provide an industrial synthetic route and a preparation of canfenib, wherein the synthetic route has the advantages of short route, high yield, easy industrialization and low cost, the preparation is a solid dispersion technology of canfenib corresponding salts, which can accelerate the absorption of the canfenib in intestines and stomach, and the canfenib corresponding salts refer to the canfenib hydrochloride and the canfenib mesylate.
Therefore, the invention is beneficial to relieving the accessibility problem of the anti-intestinal cancer medicine in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel preparation method, a preparation and an analysis method of a medicament for treating intestinal cancer.
The invention provides a novel preparation method of a medicament for treating intestinal cancer, and relates to a novel preparation route of a intestinal cancer medicament, namely kanafenib, wherein the route is not disclosed by related documents, a route compound 4 and a route compound 3 are used as starting raw materials, an intermediate 2 is obtained through suzuki coupling butt-joint reaction, a key intermediate 1 of the kanafenib is obtained through removing an R1 protecting group when necessary, and the intermediate 1 and methanesulfonyl chloride are subjected to reaction operation in CN201080038197 to prepare the kanafenib. The synthetic scheme is as follows:
wherein:
x is selected from I, Br and Cl, and I is preferred in terms of reactivity.
R1 is selected from hydrogen, benzyl (Bn), p-methoxybenzyl (PMB), 3, 4-Dimethoxybenzyl (DMB), and benzyl (Bn) is preferred comprehensively according to the price, stability and difficulty of removing protecting groups. Because the benzyl protecting group is more stable as amino protection, the synthesis of the compound 2 and the compound 1 has less impurities.
The patent examines 6 catalysts for compound 2 synthesis reaction, and the types of the catalysts are as follows: tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0), bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium dichloride, bis (tricyclohexylphosphine) palladium (0), bis (tri-O-tolylphosphine) palladium (0), and evaluated by product conversion and yield, it was found that tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) works best and is inexpensive, and is a preferred catalyst. In addition, in the patent, the ratio of the compound 3 to the compound 4 in the synthesis reaction of the compound 2 is considered, and considering that the purity and the yield are directly affected by the incomplete reaction of the compound 3 and the compound 4, the ratio of the compound 3 to the compound 4 is preferably 1:1 finally according to the yield and the measured purity.
The patent also provides a preparation route of the compound 4 in the new synthetic route of the kanafinil, and the preparation route of the compound 4 is not disclosed in documents and is a brand-new design route. In the route, a compound 10 is used as a starting material, firstly, amino protection is carried out to obtain a compound 9, and then, Miyaura boronation reaction is carried out to obtain a compound 8. Then carrying out suzuki coupling and docking reaction on the compound 8 and the compound 7 to obtain a compound 6, converting the compound 6 into 5 through Hofmann degradation, and finally converting amino in the compound 5 into a halide to obtain a compound 4. The preparation route is as follows:
wherein:
X1selected from I, Br or Cl; x is preferred in terms of reactivity, while taking into account market availability and price1Is Br.
X2Selected from I, Br or Cl; depending on the reactivity, X is preferred2Is I.
X3Selected from I, Br or Cl; depending on the reactivity, X is preferred3Is I.
R1 is selected from hydrogen, benzyl (Bn), p-methoxybenzyl (PMB) or 3,4 Dimethoxybenzyl (DMB); benzyl (Bn) is comprehensively preferred according to the price, the stability and the removal difficulty of the protecting group.
The synthetic route of the compound 4 takes conventional chemicals as starting materials, a tert-butyloxycarbonyl protecting group different from that in the patent CN201080038197 is adopted, and a more stable benzyl group is taken as an amino protecting group of the compound 10, so that the compound 4 can bear more severe reaction conditions, such as Hofmann degradation reaction in the synthesis of the compound 5, and the preparation of the compound 4 can be carried out by the shortest route.
The patent also provides a preparation route of the compound 3 in the new synthetic route of the kanafinil, and the preparation route of the compound 3 is not disclosed in documents and is a brand-new design route. In the route, a compound 3 takes a compound 12 and a compound 13 (4-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine) as starting materials, is converted into a compound 11 through a butt-joint reaction, and is converted into a compound 3 through a Miyaura boronization reaction, and the specific preparation route is as follows:
in the new kanafinil synthesis route, if the compounds 7, 12, 13 and 10 are used as starting materials, the starting materials are cheap and easy to purchase, and a kanafinil product can be obtained only by 10 steps, and due to the use of the more stable amino protecting group benzyl, the impurity level of the product can be effectively controlled, and the product purity is more than 99 percent and the single impurity is less than 0.10 percent as confirmed by a self-simulation related substance HPLC detection method.
The patent also provides a new preparation form of the kanafenib and the salt thereof, in particular provides a solid dispersion capsule preparation of the kanafenib double hydrochloride and the kanafenib double mesylate, the preparation greatly improves the absorption of the kanafenib in the stomach and intestine, and simultaneously reduces the gastric emptying to carry out the medicine in the intestine.
A preparation of a medicament for treating intestinal cancer, which is characterized in that: solid dispersion formulation preparation with kanafinil or a suitable salt of kanafinil, wherein: a suitable salt of kanafinil is selected from the group consisting of kanafinil bis-hydrochloride or kanafinil bis-mesylate, preferably kanafinil bis-hydrochloride;
the carrier of the solid dispersion is selected from polymer combination of copovidone and poloxamer, polymer combination of polyethylene glycol 6000 and vitamin E polyethylene glycol succinate, and preferably polymer combination of copovidone and poloxamer.
A preparation of a medicament for treating intestinal cancer, which is characterized in that: the formulation for the preparation of solid dispersion formulations using either cannelfenib or a suitable salt of cannelfenib is as follows:
cannelfenib dihydrochloride: 5-60g (as kanafinil);
copovidone Kollidon VA 64: 10-120 g;
poloxamer 188: 1-15 g;
trehalose: 3-45 g;
succinic acid: 3-36 g;
microcrystalline cellulose: 1-33 g;
cross-linked povidone: 1-12 g;
magnesium stearate: 0.1-2 g;
colloidal silica: 0.1-2 g.
The kanafinil hydrochloride or kanafinil bismesylate is replaced and filled into gelatin capsules. Preferably, the capsules are filled with 50mg or 75mg doses.
The analytical method of the purity of the kanafinil and the salt thereof comprises the following steps:
the detection chromatographic conditions were as follows:
a chromatographic column: octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as a filler (Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18,150X 4.6mm,3.5 μm, or equivalent performance column);
mobile phase: mobile phase A is 0.05%, (v/v) Trifluoroacetic acid solution, mobile phase B containing 0.05%, (v/v) Methanol solution of trifluoroacetic acid-acetonitrile (90: 10), gradient elution according to the following table;
detection wavelength: 225 nm;
flow rate: 1.0 ml/min;
sample injection volume: 10 μ l.
Test solution: precisely weighing a proper amount of the product, adding methanol to dissolve the product and quantitatively diluting the product to prepare a solution containing 1mg of kanafinil in each 1 ml.
Drawings
FIG. 1: dissolution profile comparison plots.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
the present invention is further illustrated by the following intermediates and examples, which illustrate, but are not limited to, the novel route to cannelfenib according to the present invention.
The abbreviations used are as follows: benzyl (Bn); triethylamine (TEA); 1, 1' -bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene]Palladium dichloride dichloromethane complex (PdCl2(dppf) -CH2Cl2) (ii) a Tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) (Pd (PPh)3)4) (ii) a Methanesulfonyl chloride (MsCl); p-toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH); liquid bromine (Br 2); sodium nitrite (NaNO)2) (ii) a Potassium iodide (KI); palladium on carbon (Pd/C).
Example 1:
compound 3:S-methyl- (1- ((4- (4,4,5, 5-tetramethyl-1, 3, 2-dioxabenzaldehyde-2-yl) pyrimidin-2-yl) amino) propan-2-yl) carbamate
Step 1: compound 11(S) - (1- ((4-bromopyrimidin-2-yl) amino) propan-2-yl) carbamic acid methyl ester. Compound 134-bromo-2-chloropyrimidine (96.5g, 0.5mol), compound 12 (S) -1-aminopropyl-2-ylcarbamic acid methyl ester (79g, 0.6mmol), triethylamine (101g, 1mol) and 1.5L dioxane were placed in a three-necked flask, refluxed for 24 hours, the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, and an aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution was added to the residue. The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Concentration and recrystallization of the residue from methanol and drying gave 121g of an off-white solid in 83.7% yield, MS M/z 289.0(M + 1).1H NMR(d6-DMSO)：δ1.31(d，3H)，3.13~3.38(m，2H)，3.60(s，3H)，3.67(q，1H)，6.70(s，1H)，6.97(d，1H)，8.73(d，1H)。
Step 2: the compound 3S-methyl- (1- ((4- (4,4,5, 5-tetramethyl-1, 3, 2-dioxabenzaldehyde-2-yl) pyrimidin-2-yl) amino) propan-2-yl) carbamate. Compound 11(S) - (1- ((4-bromopyrimidin-2-yl) amino) propan-2-yl) carbamic acid methyl ester (120 g, 0.42mol), potassium acetate (81.5g, 0.83mol), pinacol diboron (158g, 0.62mmol), PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2(15.5g, 21mmol) and 1.5L dioxane were placed in a three-necked flask and reacted for 12h under reflux. After cooling, ethyl acetate was added to the reaction solution, which was washed with an aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and brine in this order. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give 134g of the title compound 3 as an oil in 96.4% yield. MS (Mass Spectrometry)M/z 254.1 (M-pinacol).
Example 2:
compound 4 a: n-benzyl-5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (4-iodo-1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) aniline
Step 1: compound 8a methyl(s) - (1- ((4-bromopyrimidin-2-yl) amino) propan-2-yl) carbamate. Benzyl bromide (341g, 1mol), triethylamine (121g, 0.6mol) and dichloromethane 3L are placed in a three-neck flask, a solution of a compound 9a 3-bromo-5-chloro-2-fluoroaniline (112g, 0.5mmol) and 500ml dichloromethane is dripped at room temperature, reaction is continued for 4h, 0.1N hydrochloric acid is added into the reaction solution, liquid separation is carried out, the water phase is extracted by dichloromethane again, the water phase is added with sodium bicarbonate water solution to adjust the ph to 7-9, solids are precipitated, and filtration and drying are carried out to obtain 146g of white solids, the yield is 93.0%, and Ms M/z is 314.0(M + 1).
And 2, step: the compound 7a N-benzyl-5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (4,4,5, 5-tetramethyl-1, 3, 2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) aniline. Methyl (S) - (1- ((4-bromopyrimidin-2-yl) amino) propan-2-yl) carbamate (142 g, 0.45mol), potassium acetate (88g, 0.9mol), pinacol diboron (31.6g, 0.125mmol), PdCl2(dppf)-CH2Cl2(47.4g, 64mmol) and 2L dioxane were placed in a three-necked flask and reacted at reflux for 18 h. After cooling, ethyl acetate was added to the reaction solution, which was washed with an aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and brine in this order. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to give 149.8g of oil in 92.1% yield. Ms M/z 279.1 (M-pinacol).
And step 3: the compound 6a 3- (3- (benzylamino) -5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl) -1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide. Compound 7a N-benzyl-5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (4,4,5, 5-tetramethyl-1, 3, 2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) aniline (145 g, 0.4 mol), compound 10a 3-iodo-1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide (112g, 0.4 mol), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) (23.1g, 0.02mol), 2mol/L aqueous sodium bicarbonate (100ml), toluene 1L and ethanol 100ml were placed in a three-port flaskThe flask was refluxed for 12 hours. Cool, extract the reaction with ethyl acetate and wash the combined organics with brine. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated. The crude product was recrystallized from absolute ethanol and dried to yield 119.6g of an off-white solid with a yield of 77.3%. Ms M/z 387.11(M + 1).1H NMR(d6-DMSO)：δ1.35(d，6H)，3.92(q，1H)，4.31(s，2H)，6.96(d，1H)，7.29~7.37(m，6H)，8.80(s，1H)。
And 4, step 4: compound 5a 3- (3- (benzylamino) -5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl) -1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine.
Liquid bromine (71.9g, 0.45mol) was added dropwise to a mixed solution of 360mL of a sodium hydroxide solution (10%) and 300mL of ethanol at 0 ℃ or below to obtain a solution. And (2) adding a compound 6a 3- (3- (benzylamino) -5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl) -1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazole-4-formamide (115 g, 0.3 mol) into the solution at the temperature of below 0 ℃, returning the temperature to room temperature to continue to react for 0.5H, heating to 70-75 ℃, cooling the reaction solution after 2H of reaction, adjusting the pH to be neutral by using hydrochloric acid, adding ethyl acetate for extraction, synthesizing an organic phase, washing by using brine, drying, concentrating and drying the organic phase to obtain 96g of light brown solid, wherein the yield is 89.2%, and Ms M/z 359.1(M + 1).1H NMR(d6-DMSO)：δ1.37(d，6H)，3.90(q，1H)，4.32(s，2H)，6.95(d，1H)，7.29~7.37(m，6H)，7.13(s，1H)。
And 5: compound 4a N-benzyl-5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (4-iodo-1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) aniline.
Compound 5a, 3- (3- (benzylamino) -5-chloro-2-fluorophenyl) -1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine (95g, 0.265mol) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (91.2g, 0.53mol) were dissolved in 1.5L of acetonitrile at a temperature of 0 ℃ or below, and 800ml of an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite (32.9g, 0.477mol) and potassium iodide (88.0g, 0.53mol) was added dropwise thereto at a controlled temperature. After the dropwise addition, the temperature is controlled to react for 1 hour, the temperature is returned to the room temperature, and the mixture is stirred for 5 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated, then diluted with water, and neutralized to pH 7 to 8 with an aqueous sodium carbonate solution, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with sodium thiosulfate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, concentrated, and the residue was recrystallized from anhydrous ethanol and dried to give 84.3g of the title compound 4a as a pale brown solid in yield69.2%。Ms m/z 470.0(M+1)。1H NMR(d6-DMSO)：δ1.36(d，6H)，3.91(q，1H)，4.33(s，2H)，6.97(d，1H)，7.29~7.37(m，6H)，7.85(s，1H)。
Compound 4 b: n-p-methoxybenzyl-5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (4-iodo-1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) aniline
Strictly as "compound 4 a: n-benzyl-5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (4-iodo-1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) aniline "5-step synthesis operation, wherein only the starting material in the reaction in the step 1 is replaced by p-methoxybenzyl bromide to obtain a compound 4 b. Ms M/z 500.0(M + 1).1H NMR(d6-DMSO)：δ1.37(d，6H)，3.81(s，3H)，3.90(q，1H)，4.32(s，2H)，6.96(d，1H)，6.90(d，2H)，7.12(d，2H)，7.86(s，1H)。
Compound 4 c: n-3, 4-dimethoxybenzyl-5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (4-iodo-1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) aniline
Strictly as "compound 4 a: n-benzyl-5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (4-iodo-1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) aniline "5-step synthesis operation, wherein benzyl bromide is replaced by 3, 4-dimethoxy benzyl bromide in the initial material in the reaction in the step 1 to obtain a compound 4 c. Ms M/z 530.0(M + 1).1H NMR(d6-DMSO)：δ1.36(d，6H)，3.76~3.83(d，6H)，3.90(q，1H)，4.31(s，2H)，6.80~6.98(m，4H)，7.87(s，1H)。
Compound 4 d: n-benzyl-5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (4-bromo-1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) aniline
Strictly as "compound 4 a: n-benzyl-5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (4-iodo-1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazole)-3-yl) aniline "5-step synthesis operation, replacing potassium iodide in the reaction of step 5 with potassium bromide to obtain the product. Ms M/z 422.0(M + 1).1H NMR(d6-DMSO)：δ1.36(d，6H)，3.91(q，1H)，4.33(s，2H)，6.97(d，1H)，7.29~7.37(m，6H)，8.05(s，1H)。
Example 3:
compound 1: methyl N- [ (2S) -1- ({4- [3- (5-chloro-2-fluoro-3-aminophenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl ] pyrimidin-2-yl } amino) propan-2-yl ] carbamate
Step 1: the compound 2a N- [ (2S) -1- ({4- [3- (5-chloro-2-fluoro-3-benzylaminophenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl ] pyrimidin-2-yl } amino) propan-2-yl ] carbamic acid methyl ester.
The method comprises the following steps: compound 4a N-benzyl-5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (4-iodo-1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) aniline (80 g, 0.17 mol), compound 3SMethyl- (1- ((4- (4,4,5, 5-tetramethyl-1, 3, 2-dioxabenzaldehyde-2-yl) pyrimidin-2-yl) amino) propan-2-yl) carbamate (57.3 g, 0.17 mol), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) (9.8g, 0.085mol), 2mol/L aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (50ml), 800ml of toluene and 80ml of ethanol were placed in a three-necked flask and reacted for 12 hours under reflux. Cool, extract the reaction with ethyl acetate and wash the combined organics with brine. The organic phase was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated, recrystallized by adding absolute ethanol, filtered and dried to give 82.8g of compound 2a as a pale yellow solid with a yield of 88.3%. Ms M/z 552.2(M + 1).
The method 2 comprises the following steps: compound 2a can be similarly obtained by strictly following the synthetic procedure of Compound 2a, method 1, replacing the reaction mass with Compound 4a for Compound 4 d.
In addition, in the synthesis of the compound 2a in the patent, 6 equivalent palladium catalysts with different equivalents and the influence of the charge ratio without main materials on the reaction are examined according to the operation of the method 1, and the conversion rate and the purity of the compound 2a are examined by adopting a kanafinil finished product HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) examination method, and as a result, the reaction effect of the tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0) is the best and the price is low through examination, so that the compound 2a is used as a preferred catalyst. The feeding ratio of the compound 3 to the compound 4 in the synthesis reaction of the compound 2 is 1:1, the product purity and the yield are highest, and the preferred feeding ratio is selected.
TABLE 1 investigation of different Palladium catalysts
TABLE 2 investigation of different feed ratios
The compound methyl 2b N- [ (2S) -1- ({4- [3- (5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (4-methoxybenzyl) aminophenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl ] pyrimidin-2-yl } amino) propan-2-yl ] carbamate.
Strictly following the synthesis procedure of method 1 for compound 2a, the reaction mass was replaced from compound 4a to compound 4 b. MS m/z 582.2(M+1)。
The compound methyl 2c N- [ (2S) -1- ({4- [3- (5-chloro-2-fluoro-3- (3, 4-dimethoxybenzyl) aminophenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl ] pyrimidin-2-yl } amino) propan-2-yl ] carbamate.
Strictly following the synthesis procedure of method 1 for compound 2a, the reaction mass was replaced from compound 4a to compound 4 c. MS m/z 612.2(M+1)。
Step 2: the compound methyl 1N- [ (2S) -1- ({4- [3- (5-chloro-2-fluoro-3-aminophenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl ] pyrimidin-2-yl } amino) propan-2-yl ] carbamate
The method comprises the following steps: the compound 2a N- [ (2S) -1- ({4- [3-(5-chloro-2-fluoro-3-benzylaminophenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl]Pyrimidin-2-yl } amino) propan-2-yl]Methyl carbamate (80 g, 0.145 mol), 10% palladium/charcoal 5g, absolute ethanol 900ml and dichloromethane 600ml are placed in a three-neck flask, the temperature is controlled at 30-45 ℃, H is introduced under normal pressure2The reaction was carried out for 12h, filtration was carried out, the filtrate was concentrated to precipitate a large amount of solid, filtration was carried out, the filter cake was recrystallized from toluene and dried to obtain 49.0g of the title compound 1 as an off-white solid in a yield of 73.2%. Ms M/z 462.2(M + 1).1H NMR(d6-DMSO)：δ1.31(d，3H)，1.37(d，6H)，3.14，3.38(m，2H)，3.61(m，4H)，3.90(q，1H)，7.10(d，1H)，7.36~7.41(m，2H)，7.95(s，1H)，8.56(d，1H)。
The method 2 comprises the following steps: the synthesis procedure of method 1 of compound 1 is followed strictly to replace the reaction mass from compound 2a to compound 2b to obtain compound 1.
The method 3 comprises the following steps: strictly following the synthesis procedure of method 1 for compound 1, the reaction mass was replaced from compound 2a to compound 2c to give compound 1.
Further, in this patent, the influence of the synthesis of compound 1 using compounds 4a, 4b and 4c having different amino protecting groups was examined, and the purity of compound 1 was examined by the canoninib finished product HPLC method, and as a result, it was finally found that benzyl (Bn) was the most effective and preferable protecting group as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 examination of the influence of different protecting groups
Example 4:
a compound: kanafinil
The method comprises the following steps: according to the operation of CN201080038197 patent, methyl 1N- [ (2S) -1- ({4- [3- (5-chloro-2-fluoro-3-aminophenyl) -1H-pyrazol-4-yl ] pyrimidin-2-yl } amino) propan-2-yl ] carbamate (45 g, 0.097 mol), triethylamine (19.6 g, 0.194 mol) and 500ml of dichloromethane are added dropwise, methanesulfonyl chloride (11.1 g, 0.097 mol) is added dropwise at room temperature, the reaction is continued for 18H, a sodium bicarbonate solution is added into the reaction liquid to adjust the pH to 7-8, liquid separation is carried out, brine washing is carried out, an organic phase is concentrated to dryness, column chromatography purification is carried out to obtain 41.0g of an off-white solid, the yield is 78.3%, and MS M/z is 540.1(M + 1).
The method 2 comprises the following steps: according to the strict operation of CN201080038197 in the step 19 and the step 20 of the example 6, firstly, the compound 15 is prepared, and then, the kanafenib is prepared by the hydrolysis of sodium hydroxide.
The kanafinil prepared by the new route is detected by an HPLC method, the purity is more than 99.0 percent, the single impurity is less than 0.10 percent, and the detection chromatographic conditions are as follows:
a chromatographic column: octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as a filler (Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18,150X 4.6mm,3.5 μm, or equivalent performance column);
mobile phase: mobile phase A is 0.05%, (v/v) Trifluoroacetic acid solution, mobile phase B containing 0.05%, (v/v) Methanol solution of trifluoroacetic acid-acetonitrile (90: 10), gradient elution according to the following table;
detection wavelength: 225 nm;
flow rate: 1.0 ml/min;
sample introduction volume: 10 μ l.
Test solution: precisely weighing a proper amount of the product, adding methanol to dissolve the product and quantitatively diluting the product to prepare a solution containing 1mg of kanafinil in each 1 ml.
A compound: kanafinil bis hydrochloride
Taking 20g of kanafenib (0.037 mol), adding 300ml of methanol, heating to 40 ℃ to dissolve, slowly dropwise adding 3.5ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid to precipitate a white solid, filtering, and drying to obtain 19g of kanafenib dihydrochloride, salt, yield of 83.8%, purity of 99.8% and maximum single impurity of 0.05% by adopting HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) inspection.
A compound: kanafinil bis (mesylate)
Adding 20g (0.037 mol) of the kanafinil into 300ml of methanol, heating to 40 ℃ for dissolution, slowly dropwise adding 7.5g of methanesulfonic acid (0.078 mol), separating out a white solid, filtering, and drying to obtain 22g of kanafinil bismesylate, wherein the yield is 81.2%, the purity is 99.8% by adopting HPLC inspection, and the maximum single impurity content is 0.04%.
Example 5:
a. the formulation 1 of the solid dispersion capsule of kanafinil is as follows:
kanafinil: 15g of the total weight of the mixture;
copovidone Kollidon VA 64: 40g of the total weight of the mixture;
poloxamer 188: 5g of the total weight of the feed;
trehalose: 15g of the total weight of the mixture;
succinic acid: 9g of a mixture;
microcrystalline cellulose: 11g of a reaction solution;
cross-linked povidone: 4g of the total weight of the mixture;
magnesium stearate: 0.5 g;
colloidal silica: 0.5 g; weighing required amounts of canonii, copovidone Kollidon VA64 and poloxamer 188, uniformly mixing, extruding the blend on a twin-screw extruder under heating and controlling the temperature, grinding the extrudate, adding succinic acid, trehalose and cellulose microcrystalline, uniformly mixing, adding crospovidone and colloidal silicon dioxide, uniformly mixing, adding pre-screened magnesium stearate, uniformly mixing, and finally filling into gelatin capsules, wherein the drug dose is 50mg and 75mg respectively.
b. The formulation 1 of the solid dispersion capsules of canfenib dihydrochloride is as follows:
cannelfenib dihydrochloride: 15g (in kanafinil);
copovidone Kollidon VA 64: 40g of the total weight of the mixture;
poloxamer 188: 5g of the total weight of the mixture;
trehalose: 15g of the total weight of the mixture;
succinic acid: 9g of a mixture;
microcrystalline cellulose: 11g of a reaction solution;
cross-linked povidone: 4g of the total weight of the mixture;
magnesium stearate: 0.5 g;
colloidal silica: 0.5 g; weighing required amount of the cannelfenib dihydrochloride, the copovidone Kollidon VA64 and the poloxamer 188, uniformly mixing, extruding the blend on a double-screw extruder under heating and temperature control, grinding the extrudate, adding succinic acid, trehalose and cellulose microcrystalline, uniformly mixing, adding the crospovidone and colloidal silicon dioxide, uniformly mixing, adding the pre-screened magnesium stearate, uniformly mixing, and finally filling into a gelatin capsule, wherein the drug dose is 50mg and 75mg respectively:
c. the formulation 1 of the solid dispersion capsule of kanafinil bismesylate is as follows:
mesylate salt of kanafinil: 15g (in kanafinil);
copovidone Kollidon VA 64: 40g of the total weight of the mixture;
poloxamer 188: 5g of the total weight of the mixture;
trehalose: 5g of the total weight of the mixture;
succinic acid: 9g of a mixture;
microcrystalline cellulose: 11g of a reaction solution;
cross-linked povidone: 4g of the total weight of the mixture;
magnesium stearate: 0.5 g;
colloidal silica: 0.5 g; weighing required amount of cannelfenib mesylate, copovidone Kollidon VA64 and poloxamer 188, uniformly mixing, extruding the blend on a double-screw extruder under heating and temperature control, grinding the extrudate, adding succinic acid, trehalose and cellulose microcrystalline, uniformly mixing, adding crospovidone and colloidal silicon dioxide, uniformly mixing, adding pre-screened magnesium stearate, uniformly mixing, and finally filling into gelatin capsules, wherein the drug dose is 50mg and 75mg respectively.
Example 6:
a. formulation 2 of the solid dispersion capsules of kanafinil dihydrochloride is as follows:
cannelfenib dihydrochloride: 25g (in kanafinil);
vitamin E polyethylene glycol succinate: 45g of the total weight of the mixture;
polyethylene glycol 6000: 5g of the total weight of the mixture;
hydroxypropyl methylcellulose: 5g of the total weight of the mixture;
succinic acid: 7g of a mixture;
polyacrylic resin S100: 11g of a reaction solution;
talc powder: 2g of the total weight of the mixture; weighing required amount of the kanafinil dihydrochloride, the vitamin E polyethylene glycol succinate and the polyethylene glycol 6000, uniformly mixing, extruding a blend on a double-screw extruder under heating and temperature control, grinding the extrudate, adding succinic acid and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, uniformly mixing, adding the polyacrylic resin S100 and the talcum powder, uniformly mixing, and finally filling into a gelatin capsule, wherein the medicament dose is respectively 50mg and 75 mg:
b. the formulation 2 of the solid dispersion capsules of kanafinil bismesylate was as follows:
cannelfenib bismesylate: 25g (in kanafinil);
vitamin E polyethylene glycol succinate: 45g of the total weight of the mixture;
polyethylene glycol 6000: 5g of the total weight of the mixture;
hydroxypropyl methylcellulose: 5g of the total weight of the mixture;
succinic acid: 7g of a mixture;
polyacrylic resin S100: 11g of a reaction solution;
talc powder: 2g of the total weight of the mixture; weighing required amount of the canneloni dimesylate, the vitamin E polyethylene glycol succinate and the polyethylene glycol 6000, uniformly mixing, extruding the blend on a double-screw extruder under heating and controlling the temperature, grinding the extrudate, adding succinic acid and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, uniformly mixing, adding the polyacrylic resin S100 and the talcum powder, uniformly mixing, and finally filling into a gelatin capsule, wherein the dosage of the medicine is 50mg and 75mg respectively.
Example 7:
evaluation of dissolution curves for canoninib-related solid dispersion capsule formulations:
the evaluation of the dissolution profile was carried out for the 75mg formulations of 5 kanafinil related solid dispersions of examples 5 and 6 under the following dissolution conditions:
dissolution medium: 0.1N hydrochloric acid;
volume of medium: 900 ml;
the dissolution method comprises the following steps: basket method;
rotating speed: 75 turns;
the detection method comprises the following steps: HPLC method, 254 nm;
sampling time: 5min, 10min and 15 min;
test solution: 10ml of the eluate is filtered through a 0.45um filter membrane, and the subsequent filtrate is taken as a test solution.
The comparison result of the dissolution curve shows that: the dissolution rates of the kanafinil double hydrochloride and the double mesylate capsule prescription are faster than those of the kanafinil capsule prescription, and particularly, the kanafinil double hydrochloride capsule prescription is adopted for faster dissolution; in addition, the dissolution results of the carriers of the same cannelinib salt but different solid dispersions show that the formula using the polymer compound combination of copovidone and poloxamer as the carrier is faster than the dissolution of the formula using the polymer compound combination of polyethylene glycol 6000 and vitamin E polyethylene glycol succinate as the carrier. The cannelfina dihydrochloride adopts the solid dispersion capsule preparation taking the polymer compound combination of the copovidone and the poloxamer as the carrier to present the fastest dissolution behavior.
The specific dissolution profile is shown in figure 1.
Example 8:
after the BALB/C male mice are adaptively fed for 1 week, the weight of the mice is 20-22 g, and about 1 x 10 of colon cancer C26 tumor cells of the mice in the logarithmic proliferation stage are taken6One cell/one cell), diluted in physiological saline at a ratio of 1: 3, the suspension was inoculated subcutaneously in axilla of BALB/c male mice, 0.2 ml/one cell, randomly grouped according to cannelfenib, cannelfenib dihydrochloride, cannelfenib bismesylate and a control group, and n =6 cells/group.
After 72 hours of inoculation, gavage was continued for 7 days at 2.5mg/kg in 75% PEG 300. The control group was given physiological saline. Tumor volume was measured on day 12 of the experiment and tumor inhibition rate was calculated from tumor volume.
Spontaneous activity of the mice was detected by a video recording and analysis system. Tumor volume was calculated according to the formula.
The tumor inhibition rates of the canfenib, the canfenib double hydrochloride and the canfenib double mesylate are respectively 52.7%, 75.3% and 78.9%.
The control group showed cachexia, hair roughness and decreased spontaneous activity, and the canker status of the cannefenib dihydrochloride group and the cannefenib dimesylate group were significantly improved.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a medicine for treating intestinal cancer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking a compound 3 and a compound 4 as raw materials, obtaining a compound 2 through Suzuki coupling reaction, and removing R from the compound 21The protecting group obtains a key intermediate 1, the key intermediate 1 can obtain the intestinal cancer drug kanafinil through mesylation,
wherein:
x is selected from at least one of I, Br and Cl;
r1 is at least one selected from benzyl, p-methoxybenzyl and 3,4 dimethoxybenzyl.
2. The method for producing a drug for treating intestinal cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the catalyst for the Suzuki coupling reaction of the compound 2 is at least one selected from tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0), bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium dichloride, bis (tricyclohexylphosphine) palladium (0) and bis (tri-O-tolylphosphine) palladium (0).
3. The method for producing a drug for treating intestinal cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the Suzuki coupling reaction of the compound 2, the feeding ratio of the compound 4 to the compound 3 is 1: 0.9-1.1.
4. The method for producing a drug for treating intestinal cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: compound 4 was prepared by the following method:
wherein:
X1at least one selected from I, Br and Cl;
X2at least one selected from I, Br and Cl;
X3at least one selected from I, Br and Cl;
R1at least one selected from benzyl, p-methoxybenzyl and 3, 4-dimethoxybenzyl.
5. The method for producing a drug for treating intestinal cancer according to claim 1, characterized in that: compound 3 was prepared by the following method:
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| 康奈非尼( Encorafenib，Braftovi);苗秀旗等;《中国药物化学杂志》;20190228;84-85 * |
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