CN114180764B - Liquid pretreatment device and method - Google Patents
Liquid pretreatment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114180764B CN114180764B CN202111444861.5A CN202111444861A CN114180764B CN 114180764 B CN114180764 B CN 114180764B CN 202111444861 A CN202111444861 A CN 202111444861A CN 114180764 B CN114180764 B CN 114180764B
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/001—Upstream control, i.e. monitoring for predictive control
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a liquid pretreatment apparatus and method, the apparatus comprising: a plurality of reaction units for pretreating the liquid; a feeding unit for feeding a liquid into a plurality of reaction units, at least two of which differ in capacity; a discharging unit for discharging the liquid pretreated by the plurality of reaction units; at least one pipe for connecting the plurality of reaction units, the feeding unit and the discharging unit; and at least one valve for installing on the at least one pipe to control a flow direction of the liquid among the plurality of reaction units, the feeding unit, and the discharging unit.
Description
Technical Field
The specification relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a liquid pretreatment device and a liquid pretreatment method.
Background
The problem of water shortage is serious in some areas of China such as Beijing, tianjin, shandong and the like, and one strategic approach for solving the problem is to desalinate sea water. The most mature of the current sea water desalination technologies are thermal (i.e. distillation) and membrane (i.e. reverse osmosis) processes, which are the most economical means. However, the reverse osmosis method has strict requirements on the seawater desalination pretreatment, so that the cost of the seawater desalination pretreatment is more than 50% of the seawater desalination cost. In the current pretreatment process of sea water desalination, how to effectively remove dissolved organic matters in sea water is a difficult point.
Therefore, a liquid pretreatment technique capable of effectively removing dissolved organic matters in seawater is required.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the embodiments of the present specification provides a liquid pretreatment apparatus. The liquid pretreatment device includes: a plurality of reaction units for pretreating the liquid; a feeding unit for feeding a liquid into a plurality of reaction units, at least two of which differ in capacity; a discharging unit for discharging the liquid pretreated by the plurality of reaction units; at least one pipe for connecting the plurality of reaction units, the feeding unit and the discharging unit; and at least one valve for installing on the at least one pipe to control a flow direction of the liquid among the plurality of reaction units, the feeding unit, and the discharging unit.
In some embodiments, some or all of the plurality of reaction units comprise: the container is used for containing the liquid and decomposing organic matters in the liquid into inorganic matters; illumination means for providing illumination for the decomposition reaction of the organic matters in the liquid in the container, the illumination intensity being determined based on the organic matter content and a predetermined reaction time; catalyst adding means for providing a catalyst for the decomposition reaction of the organic matter in the liquid within the container; and/or stirring means for stirring the liquid in the container.
In some embodiments, some or all of the plurality of reaction units further comprises: and the gas overflow amount monitoring device is used for monitoring the gas overflow amount of the reaction unit and determining the reaction ending time.
In some embodiments, the organic content is determined based on the gas overflow amount of the last reaction unit monitored by the gas overflow amount monitoring device when the liquid comes from the last reaction unit.
In some embodiments, further comprising: the organic matter content prediction model is used for predicting the organic matter content of the liquid after the preset reaction time in the reaction unit, is a machine learning model trained based on historical data, inputs the gas overflow amount, the illumination intensity, the characteristics of the catalyst, the size of the container and/or the temperature in the container at least at one time point, and outputs the organic matter content after the preset reaction time.
One of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a liquid pretreatment method. The liquid pretreatment method comprises the following steps: feeding the liquid into a plurality of reaction units; pretreating the liquid in the plurality of reaction units to partially or completely decompose organic matters in the liquid into inorganic matters, wherein at least two reaction units in the plurality of reaction units have different capacities; and delivering the pretreated liquid.
In some embodiments, the pretreatment comprises treating the liquid with light, a catalyst, and/or agitation, the intensity of the light being determined based on the organic content and/or the predetermined reaction time.
In some embodiments, the predetermined reaction time is determined based on the gas overflow amounts of the plurality of reaction units during the pretreatment meeting a preset condition.
In some embodiments, the organic content is determined based on the gas overflow from the last of the reaction units when the liquid is from the last of the reaction units.
In some embodiments, the organic content after the predetermined reaction time is determined based on a trained organic content prediction model, wherein the organic content prediction model is a machine learning model trained based on historical data, the gas overflow amount, the illumination intensity, the characteristics of the catalyst, the size of the vessel, and/or the temperature within the vessel including at least one point in time is input, and the organic content after the predetermined reaction time is output.
Drawings
The present specification will be further elucidated by way of example embodiments, which will be described in detail by means of the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are not limiting, in which like numerals represent like structures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid pretreatment apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reaction unit in a liquid pretreatment device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow chart of a liquid pretreatment method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a pretreatment process according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is an exemplary schematic diagram of an organic content prediction model according to some embodiments of the present description.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present specification, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some examples or embodiments of the present specification, and it is possible for those of ordinary skill in the art to apply the present specification to other similar situations according to the drawings without inventive effort. Unless otherwise apparent from the context of the language or otherwise specified, like reference numerals in the figures refer to like structures or operations.
It will be appreciated that "system," "apparatus," "unit" and/or "module" as used herein is one method for distinguishing between different components, elements, parts, portions or assemblies at different levels. However, if other words can achieve the same purpose, the words can be replaced by other expressions.
As used in this specification and the claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not specific to a singular, but may include a plurality, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" merely indicate that the steps and elements are explicitly identified, and they do not constitute an exclusive list, as other steps or elements may be included in a method or apparatus.
A flowchart is used in this specification to describe the operations performed by the system according to embodiments of the present specification. It should be appreciated that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed in order precisely. Rather, the steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Also, other operations may be added to or removed from these processes.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a liquid pretreatment apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
In some embodiments, the liquid pretreatment device 100 may include: a plurality of reaction units (110-1, 110-2, 110-3, …, which may be collectively referred to hereinafter as 110) for pretreating the liquid; a feeding unit (120) for feeding a liquid into a plurality of reaction units, at least two of which differ in capacity; a discharge unit (130) for discharging the liquid pretreated by the plurality of reaction units; at least one conduit (140-1, 140-2, 140-3, 140-4, 140-5, 140-6, …, which may be collectively referred to hereinafter as 140) for connecting the plurality of reaction units, the infeed unit and the outfeed unit; and at least one valve (150-1, 150-2, 150-3, 150-4, 150-5, 150-6, 150-7, 150-8, 150-9, …, which may be collectively referred to hereinafter as 150) for mounting on the at least one conduit for controlling the flow of the liquid between the plurality of reaction units, the infeed unit and the outfeed unit.
The reaction unit 110 is a unit that pretreats a liquid. In some embodiments, the reaction unit 110 may include a container for holding a liquid. Different reaction units 110 may have different capacities for flexible use under different conditions. In some embodiments, the reaction unit 110 may further include an illumination device. In some embodiments, the reaction unit 110 may further include a catalyst addition device, a stirring device, or any combination thereof. Specific description of the illumination device, the catalyst addition device, and the stirring device is described later with reference to fig. 2.
The reaction unit 110 may serve as just one container for holding different amounts of liquid, such as seawater, for precipitation pretreatment of the liquid. Can also be further used for carrying out photocatalysis on the liquid to decompose organic matters in the liquid into CO for example 2 And the like.
The reaction units can be connected in parallel or in series. That is, the liquid may be sent to the delivery unit after being treated in one reaction unit, or may be sent to the next reaction unit to be further treated. In some embodiments, the multiple reaction units 110 may all be connected in parallel, i.e., the liquid may be sent directly to the sending-out unit 130 after being processed by one reaction unit 110. In some embodiments, the multiple reaction units 110 may be all connected in series, i.e., the liquid may be processed by one reaction unit 110 after being processed by another reaction unit 110 until the last reaction unit 110 is processed and sent to the sending unit 130. In some embodiments, the plurality of reaction units 110 may be partially connected in series or partially connected in parallel. For example, there may be multiple reaction units 110 in series on each parallel leg, and liquid may enter multiple parallel legs simultaneously and then be processed by the reaction units 110 in series on each parallel leg in turn. There may be more connection relationships between the reaction units 110, which are not exhaustive, and those skilled in the art can make flexible adjustments according to practical situations, which are all within the scope of the present invention.
The feeding unit 120 is a unit that feeds a liquid into the plurality of reaction units 110. In some embodiments, the feeding unit 120 may be a transfer pump that directly transfers the liquid into the plurality of reaction units 110. In some embodiments, the feeding unit 120 may be a container located higher than the plurality of reaction units 110, and when the liquid outlet of the container is opened, the liquid may enter the plurality of reaction units 110 through the liquid outlet pipe.
The discharge unit 130 is a unit for discharging the liquid treated by the reaction unit 110. In some embodiments, the delivery unit 130 may be a transfer pump that directly outputs the liquid. In some embodiments, the feeding unit 120 may be a container located below the plurality of reaction units 110, and the liquid may enter the feeding unit 130 through the liquid outlet pipe when the liquid outlet of the reaction units 110 is opened.
The pipe 140 is a pipe for transporting liquid, and is used to connect the plurality of reaction units, the feeding unit, and the discharging unit. In some embodiments, the conduit 140 is a corrosion-resistant, oxidation-resistant metal conduit. In some embodiments, the tubing 140 is a corrosion-resistant, oxidation-resistant plastic tubing. In some embodiments, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe of the reaction unit 110 may be the same pipe 140, and the flow direction of the liquid in the pipe 140 may be controlled by the valve 150.
A valve 150 is provided on the pipe 140 for controlling the flow direction and circulation of the liquid. By selection of the valve 150, such as a two-way valve, a three-way valve, a one-way valve, a two-way valve, etc., or any combination thereof, it is possible to control which reaction units the liquid enters and exits and the order of the entry and exit. In some embodiments, through the use of a three-way valve, it is possible to control whether a liquid enters a particular reaction cell or skips this particular reaction cell directly into the next reaction cell. For another example, by using a two-way valve, liquid can be introduced into the reaction unit 110 through the same pipe 140, and after the liquid is treated, the liquid can flow out of the reaction unit 110 through the same pipe 140. The mounting position and type of the valve 150 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual requirements, and the valve is within the scope of the invention.
In some embodiments, the liquid pretreatment device may further comprise at least one pump for powering the flow of liquid in the conduit or into and out of the reaction unit 110. In some embodiments, a pump is provided on the conduit 140 between the feeding unit 120 and the reaction unit 110 to convey liquid from the feeding unit 120 into the reaction unit 110. In some embodiments, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe of the reaction unit 110 are the same pipe 140, and the liquid inlet and outlet are realized by installing a pump with a bidirectional conveying function, such as a vane type bidirectional conveying pump, on the pipe 140. In some embodiments, a pump is provided on the output conduit of the delivery unit 130 to deliver the liquid outwardly from the delivery unit 130. The number and the installation position of the pumps are not limited to the above embodiments, but may be more, which are not exhaustive, and a person skilled in the art can make flexible adjustments according to the actual situation, which are all within the scope of the invention.
The liquid pretreatment device according to the above embodiment may achieve at least the following effects: the capacity can be improved by flexibly combining a plurality of reaction units; the capacity of each reaction unit is different, and the proper reaction unit can be selected according to the actual situation, so that the treatment time can be saved, the production efficiency can be improved, and the cost of liquid pretreatment can be reduced.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a reaction unit in a liquid pretreatment apparatus according to some embodiments of the present specification.
In some embodiments, the reaction unit 200 may include a container 210, a light device 220, a catalyst addition device 230, and a stirring device 240.
The container 210 is a container for holding a liquid. In some embodiments, the container 210 may be open, such as a liquid pool. In some embodiments, the container 210 may also be closed, such as a liquid reservoir. In some embodiments, the container 210 is further configured to house other functional devices, such as the illumination device 220, the catalyst addition device 230, the stirring device 240, or any combination thereof, and together with these devices, provide a pre-treatment environment for the contained liquid, so as to decompose and react organic substances in the liquid to inorganic substances.
The illumination means 220 is a means for providing illumination. For example, infrared lamps, ultraviolet lamps, incandescent lamps, etc., or any combination thereof.
In some embodiments, the illumination provided by the illumination device 220 may have different wavelengths, such as ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 365nm, 380nm, etc. In some embodiments, the illumination provided by the illumination device 220 may have different powers, e.g., 300W, 500W, 700W, 1000W, etc.
The illumination device 220 can be used for providing illumination for the decomposition reaction of organic matters in the liquid in the container 210, so that the dissolved organic matters in the liquid are decomposed into CO under the combined action of the illumination and the catalyst 2 And inorganic small molecules. In some embodiments, the illumination device 220 may be mounted in the container 210. In some embodiments, the illumination device 220 may be mounted outside the container 210 to illuminate from outside to inside.
In some embodiments, the illumination intensity of the illumination device 220 is determined based on the organic content and the predetermined reaction time. The organic content refers to the amount of organic contained in the liquid in the container 210 upon entry. The predetermined reaction time refers to a preset time for pretreating the liquid in the container 210. In some embodiments, the predetermined reaction time may be determined according to a reaction schedule of the plurality of reaction units 110. The reaction schedule refers to a reaction sequence of the plurality of reaction units 110, for example, after the liquid is reacted in the reaction unit a 110, the liquid is input into the reaction unit B110 for continuous reaction. Determining the predetermined reaction time based on the reaction schedule of the plurality of reaction units 110 allows for an economical and reasonable overall planning of the pretreatment process in the overall liquid pretreatment apparatus, as will be described in more detail below with respect to fig. 5. For example, the liquid may be reacted in the a reaction unit 110 for 30 minutes, then input into the B reaction unit 110 for a further reaction for 20 minutes, and then be sent out through the sending-out unit 130. For another example, the liquid may be reacted in the a reaction unit 110 for only 50 minutes and then directly discharged through the discharge unit 130. Therefore, according to the usage of the reaction units 110, the reaction schedule and the predetermined reaction time of the liquid in each reaction unit 110 are flexibly arranged, so that the resources can be fully utilized, and the production efficiency can be improved.
In the embodiment, the reasonable control of the illumination intensity by the illumination device can save energy consumption, reduce cost and improve production efficiency.
The catalyst adding device 230 is a device for providing a catalyst. The type of catalyst may be a photocatalyst, such as TiO 2 、MnO 2 Etc. In some embodiments, the catalyst addition device 230 may be installed in the vessel 210. In some embodiments, the catalyst addition device 230 may be mounted outside the vessel 210. In some embodiments, the catalyst addition device 230 may control the type, amount, and time of addition of the catalyst. In some embodiments, the TiO 2 And/or MnO 2 The participating photocatalysis can completely oxidize dissolved organic matters in the liquid into CO 2 And the like.
The catalyst adding device 230 can add a catalyst to the container 210 to cause photocatalytic decomposition reaction of organic substances in the liquid in the container under the combined action of the light irradiation condition and the catalytic addition.
The stirring device 240 is a device for stirring a liquid. For example, an electric stirrer, a pneumatic stirrer, etc. For example, a horizontal stirrer, a vertical stirrer, and the like.
The stirring device 240 may stir the liquid during the pretreatment of the liquid in the container 210 to promote the photocatalytic decomposition reaction.
In some embodiments, the reaction unit 200 may further include a gas overflow volume monitoring device 250. In some embodiments, the gas overflow monitoring device 250 may be mounted in the container 210. In some embodiments, the gas flow-out monitoring device 250 may also be mounted outside the container 210.
The gas overflow volume monitoring device 250 is a device that monitors the volume of gas that overflows from the container. For example, a CO2 detection device.
The gas overflow amount monitoring device 250 can determine the amount of organic matters in the liquid in the container 210 to be decomposed by monitoring the amount of gas overflowed from the container, thereby further determining the remaining amount of organic matters in the liquid in the container 210 and determining the reaction end time.
The gas overflow amount monitoring device 250 determines the reaction end time based on the rule. In some embodiments, a threshold may be set for the gas overflow amount per unit time, and when the gas overflow rate per unit time falls to the set threshold, this is indicative of the end of the reaction. In some embodiments, a threshold may be set for the total gas overflow amount, and when the total gas overflow amount rises to the set threshold, this is indicative of the end of the reaction.
In some embodiments, when the liquid comes from the last reaction unit 200, the organic content may be determined based on the gas overflow amount of the last reaction unit 200 monitored by the gas overflow amount monitoring device 250.
There is a correspondence between the amount of gas spillover and the organic content in the liquid. For example, the organic content in the liquid=the organic content at the time of the liquid entering the reaction unit-the amount of the organic matter that has been decomposed, which is converted from the gas overflow amount.
In some embodiments, when the liquid is directly from the feeding unit 120, the organic content in the liquid may be determined based on the result of passing the liquid through other organic content detection devices before entering the feeding unit 120, such as the ratio of organic content, and the amount of liquid entering the reaction unit 200.
Some of the embodiments described above provide a gas overflow amount monitoring device, so that the monitoring of the organic matter content in the liquid in each reaction unit 200 is not required, and the organic matter content in the liquid can be conveniently determined by the gas overflow amount.
In some embodiments, the reaction unit 200 further includes an organic content prediction model 260 for predicting the organic content of the liquid after a predetermined reaction time has elapsed in the reaction unit 200. The organic matter content prediction model 260 is a machine learning model trained based on historical data, inputs gas overflow including at least one point in time, illumination intensity, characteristics of catalyst, size of the vessel 210, and/or temperature within the vessel, and outputs an organic matter content after a predetermined reaction time. In some embodiments, one organic matter content prediction model 260 may be provided for each reaction unit 200, or one common organic matter content prediction model 260 may be provided for all reaction units 200.
In some embodiments, the organics content prediction model 260 can be a support vector regression model. In some embodiments, the organic content prediction model 260 may be a neural network model.
In some embodiments, the reaction schedule of the plurality of reaction units 200 may be determined according to the organic content of the liquid therein after a predetermined reaction time has elapsed for each of the reaction units 200. The reaction schedule refers to the reaction sequence of each reaction unit 200, for example, after the liquid is reacted in the reaction unit a, the liquid is further input into the reaction unit B to continue the reaction.
Some of the embodiments described above implement standardization, automation of organic matter content prediction without human intervention by providing the organic matter content prediction model 260 and applying artificial intelligence technology to the liquid pretreatment device.
FIG. 3 is an exemplary flow chart of a liquid pretreatment method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, the flow 300 includes steps 310, 320, and 330.
In step 310, the liquid is fed into a plurality of reaction units. In some embodiments, step 310 may be performed by the infeed unit 120.
The liquid can be seawater, fresh water, human life sewage or industrial sewage containing solvent organic matters.
In some embodiments, multiple reaction units 110 may all be connected in parallel, and the feed unit 120 feeds liquid to each reaction unit 110 separately. In some embodiments, the multiple reaction units 110 may be all connected in series, and the feeding unit 120 feeds the liquid into one reaction unit 110, and after the treatment of this reaction unit 110, the liquid is continuously fed into the next reaction unit 110 until the treatment of the last reaction unit 110 is completed, and then the liquid is fed into the feeding unit 130. In some embodiments, the plurality of reaction units 110 may be partially connected in series or partially connected in parallel. For example, there may be multiple reaction units 110 in series on each parallel leg, and liquid may enter multiple parallel legs simultaneously and then be processed by the reaction units 110 in series on each parallel leg in turn. There may be more connection relationships between the reaction units 110, which are not exhaustive, and those skilled in the art can make flexible adjustments according to practical situations, which are all within the scope of the present invention.
In step 320, the liquid is pretreated in the plurality of reaction units to partially or completely decompose the organic matters in the liquid into inorganic matters, and at least two of the plurality of reaction units have different capacities. In some embodiments, step 320 may be performed by a plurality of reaction units 110.
The organic matter in the liquid may include dissolved organic matter, e.g., humic acid, carbohydrates, lipids, and the like.
Pretreatment refers to a treatment process in which organic matter in a liquid is partially or entirely oxidatively decomposed into inorganic matter.
The capacities of at least two reaction units of the plurality of reaction units 110 may be different. For example, one reaction unit has a capacity of 50m 3 The capacity of the other reaction unit was 100m 3 . Due to the relative capacityThe treatment time of the small reaction unit is shorter, but the manufacturing cost per unit volume is higher, and the time of liquid inlet and liquid outlet is shorter; the treatment time of the reaction unit with larger capacity is longer, but the manufacturing cost per unit volume is lower, and the time of liquid inlet and liquid outlet is longer. In actual production, the reaction units with corresponding capacities can be flexibly selected to treat the liquid according to actual demands, so that the treatment time is saved, and the production efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments, the organic matter in the liquid may be decomposed by photocatalytic oxidation techniques. The photocatalytic oxidation technology is a technology for decomposing organic matters in liquid into inorganic matters by accelerating oxidative decomposition by using light and a catalyst. In some embodiments, the liquid may be stirred on the basis of light and catalyst, and the temperature may be adjusted to bring the oxidative decomposition to better conditions and to a faster rate of decomposition.
In some embodiments, P, S and halogen in the dissolved organics can be separately oxidized to PO 4 3- 、SO 4 2- And X. In some embodiments, the photocatalytically generated hydroxyl radicals may kill some organisms in the liquid, such as cellular algae, protozoa, and bacteria, and break them down into water, CO 2 And trace inorganic salts, and can remove chemical oxygen demand, dissolved organic matters and turbidity in the liquid. In some embodiments, the N-containing species are converted to NH 4 + Or NO 3 - 。
The specific process of pretreatment of the reaction unit 110 by light irradiation, catalyst and/or agitation is described in detail below with respect to fig. 4.
And 330, delivering the pretreated liquid. In some embodiments, step 330 may be performed by the dispatch unit 130.
After the liquid which has been pretreated and no further pretreatment is required is output from the reaction unit to the output unit 130, the output unit 130 outputs the liquid again. The form of delivery can be realized in the form of a pump, or can be stored by a liquid storage tank and then delivered from a liquid outlet pipe in a natural overflow mode.
In some embodiments, all the reaction units 110 may be connected in parallel, and after the liquid treatment in each reaction unit 110 is finished, each of the sending units 130 is sent separately. In some embodiments, the multiple reaction units 110 may be all connected in series, and the liquid sequentially passes through each reaction unit 110 until the last reaction unit 110 is processed and then sent to the sending unit 130. In some embodiments, the plurality of reaction units 110 may be partially connected in series or partially connected in parallel. For example, a plurality of reaction units 110 may be connected in series in each parallel branch, and the liquid is sent to the sending unit 130 after being processed by the reaction units 110 connected in series in each parallel branch. There are many more types of liquid that can be sent from the reaction unit 110 to the sending-out unit 130, and this is not an exhaustive list, and those skilled in the art can make flexible adjustments according to the actual situation, which are all within the scope of the present invention.
Some of the embodiments described above may implement pretreatment of the liquid to partially or fully decompose the organic matter in the liquid into inorganic matter.
Fig. 4 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a pretreatment method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
The pretreatment method 400 illustrated in fig. 4 includes pretreating a liquid with light, a catalyst, and/or agitation, the intensity of the light being determined based on the organic content and/or the predetermined reaction time.
In some embodiments, the treatment of the liquid is performed under light conditions. In some embodiments, illumination may be performed by illumination device 220.
The illumination may comprise different types of illumination, e.g. different wavelengths, different intensities. In some embodiments, the illumination provided by the illumination device 220 may be ultraviolet light at 365nm, 380nm, etc.
When the liquid is pretreated, the illumination device 220 in the container 210 can be turned on to illuminate the liquid. In some embodiments, the illumination device 220 may be disposed in the container 210 for illumination. For example, the illumination device 220 is disposed above the liquid surface to illuminate the liquid. For another example, the illumination device 220 is disposed below the liquid surface to illuminate the liquid. In some embodiments, the illumination device 220 may be positioned outside the container 210 for illumination. For example, the liquid is illuminated from all directions outside the container 210 through a transparent container. In some embodiments, there may be multiple illumination devices 220 to illuminate the liquid from different locations to improve the illumination coverage.
Different wattage lights represent different light intensities. For example, the illumination device 220 may provide an illumination intensity of 300W, 500W, 700W, 1000W, etc.
The predetermined reaction time refers to a duration for which a preset liquid can be pretreated in the reaction unit. For example, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 5 hours, 1 day, etc.
In the reaction units with the same size, the preset reaction time is shorter, and the illumination intensity can be larger; the predetermined reaction time is longer and the illumination intensity may be smaller, for example: the predetermined reaction time was 2 hours, and the illumination intensity was selected to be 300W; the predetermined reaction time was 1 hour, and the light intensity was selected to be 700W. The organic matter content in the liquid is more, the illumination intensity can be higher, the organic matter content in the liquid is less, and the illumination intensity can be lower. For example: the organic matter content in the liquid is 30%, and the illumination intensity is selected to be 350W; the organic matter content in the liquid is 15%, and the illumination intensity is 700W.
The predetermined reaction time may also be determined based on a reaction schedule of the plurality of reaction units in some embodiments. The reaction schedule refers to the reaction sequence of the individual reaction units. For example, after the liquid is reacted in the A reaction unit, the liquid is further input into the B reaction unit to continue the reaction.
In some embodiments, the scheduling may be achieved by controlling the flow direction of the liquid in the conduit 140 by controlling the valve 150 on the conduit 140. For example, the liquid is directly input into the B reaction unit to continue the reaction after reacting in the A reaction unit by opening only the valve on the pipeline between the A reaction unit and the B reaction unit. For another example, the liquid is directly input into the C reaction unit to continue the reaction after reacting in the A reaction unit by opening only the valve on the pipeline between the A reaction unit and the C reaction unit. For another example, the liquid is reacted in the a reaction unit by simultaneously opening a valve on a pipe between the a reaction unit and the B, C reaction unit, and then simultaneously fed into the B, C reaction unit to continue the reaction.
In some embodiments, the predetermined reaction time is determined based on the gas overflow amounts of the plurality of reaction units during the pretreatment meeting a preset condition.
Pretreatment refers to a treatment process in which organic matter in a liquid is partially or entirely oxidatively decomposed into inorganic matter. During the pretreatment, the organic matters are decomposed into CO 2 And inorganic small molecules.
The gas overflow amount refers to the amount of gas overflowed from the reaction unit during the pretreatment. For example, overflowed CO 2 Amount of the components. Also for example, the amount of water vapor that overflows.
The preset condition refers to a condition under which the pretreatment in the reaction unit can be ended.
In some embodiments, when the gas overflow does not meet the preset condition, then continuing the pretreatment of the liquid in the reaction unit; when the gas overflow quantity meets the preset condition, the pretreatment of the liquid in the reaction unit is finished. Correspondingly, the time elapsed from the reaction start time to the reaction end time of the pretreatment of the liquid in the reaction unit can be determined as the predetermined reaction time.
The reaction end time may be determined based on rules. Rules refer to conditions that the reaction in the reaction unit may be considered to be satisfied at the end.
The reaction start time refers to the point in time when the reaction in the reaction unit can be considered to start. For example, the reaction start time may refer to 13:00 pm. The reaction end time refers to the point in time when the reaction in the reaction unit can be considered to be ended. For example, the reaction end time may refer to 15:30 pm.
In some embodiments, the rule may be that the gas overflow amount rises to a set threshold. For example, a threshold value is set for the total gas overflow amount, and when the total gas overflow amount rises to the set threshold value, the reaction is ended, and the time point at which the reaction is ended is the reaction end time. In some embodiments, it may be that the rate of increase of the gas overflow volume drops to a set threshold. For example, a threshold value is set for the gas overflow amount (i.e., gas overflow rate) per unit time, and when the gas overflow rate falls to the set threshold value, it represents the end of the reaction, and the time point at the end of the reaction is the end time of the reaction.
The organic content refers to the sum of the various organic substances in the liquid. For example, it can be expressed as the sum of the mass of the various organic substances per milliliter of liquid. As another example, it may be expressed as the sum of the mass of the various organics per liter of liquid.
In some embodiments, the illumination intensity may be determined based on the organic content. In the case where the reaction time has been set in advance, the higher the organic matter content, the higher the illumination intensity, and the lower the organic matter content, the lower the illumination intensity. For example, the predetermined reaction time was 2 hours, the organic content was 50mg/ml, and the light intensity was 300W. For another example, the predetermined reaction time is 2 hours, the organic content is 100mg/ml, and the light intensity is selected to be 600W.
When the liquid comes from the previous reaction unit, the organic matter content in the liquid is determined based on the gas overflow amount of the previous reaction unit, so that the full utilization of the obtained data can be realized, the situation that the organic matter content in each reaction unit is only determined by independently detecting the organic matter content is avoided, and the production efficiency is improved. With respect to the detection of the gas overflow amount, reference is specifically made to the description of the gas overflow amount monitoring device 250 in the reaction unit of fig. 2.
The amount of organic matter that has been decomposed can be converted based on the amount of gas overflow during pretreatment of the liquid in the last reaction unit, and the organic matter content at the time of outputting the liquid from the last reaction unit is determined based on the organic matter content at the time of entering the last reaction unit and the amount of organic matter that has been decomposed in the last reaction unit.
In some embodiments, the relationship between the organic content in the liquid and the gas overflow amount may be expressed as the following equation:
organic content in liquid = organic content at the time of liquid entry into the reaction unit-amount of organic matter that has been decomposed, which is converted from the gas overflow amount.
In some embodiments, the support vector regression model may be used to predict the organic content after a predetermined time. In some embodiments, the organic content of the liquid in the previous reaction unit at a certain point in time may be output by the model based on the support vector regression model, into which the organic content of the liquid when entering the previous reaction unit and other characteristics, such as the illumination intensity, the characteristics of the catalyst, the size of the container, and/or the temperature within the container, are input. When the liquid passes through the preset reaction time in the previous reaction unit, the output of the model is the organic matter content when the liquid enters the next unit from the previous reaction unit.
In some embodiments, detection of the organic content of the liquid prior to entry into the first reaction unit uses specialized instrumentation, such as plasma mass spectrometers, elemental analyzers, stable isotope ratio mass spectrometers, gas phase molecular absorption spectrometers, and the like. In order to make the organic matter content in the liquid at each time point more accurate, the detection of the organic matter content can be performed multiple times at different time points in the day, such as nine, twelve, eighteen and twenty-four points, or can be performed once at intervals, such as every other day, every other week and every other month.
In some embodiments, the illumination intensity may be determined jointly based on the organic content and the predetermined reaction time. For example, when the organic matter content in the liquid has been determined, the illumination intensity is selected to be 600W if the predetermined reaction time of the reaction unit is 1 hour, and the illumination intensity is selected to be 300W if the predetermined reaction time of the reaction unit is 2 hours. For another example, if the predetermined reaction time of the reaction unit has been determined to be 1 hour, the illumination intensity is selected to be 300W if the organic matter content in the liquid is 50mg/ml, and the illumination intensity is selected to be 600W if the organic matter content in the liquid is 100 mg.
The catalyst refers to a substance that can accelerate the decomposition rate of organic substances in the liquid in the reaction unit. For example, mnO 2 、TiO 2 Etc.
The catalyst can perform photocatalysis on organic matters in the liquid under the combined action of light, so that the organic matters in the liquid are oxidized into CO 2 And inorganic substances.
In order to accelerate the reaction rate of the organic matters in the liquid in the reaction unit, the liquid may be stirred during the reaction.
In some embodiments, stirring is performed by stirring device 240.
It should be noted that the above description of the method 400 is for illustration and description only, and is not intended to limit the scope of applicability of the present disclosure. Various modifications and variations of method 400 will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the present description. However, such modifications and variations are still within the scope of the present description. For example, no catalyst is used during pretreatment. For another example, no agitation means are used during the pretreatment. For another example, the organic content is obtained by direct measurement without taking the gas overflow amount as a calculation basis.
FIG. 5 is an exemplary schematic diagram of an organic content prediction model according to some embodiments of the present description.
The organic matter content prediction model is a machine learning model trained based on historical data and is used for predicting the organic matter content of the liquid in the reaction unit after the preset reaction time.
In some embodiments, the machine learning model may be a support vector regression model.
In some embodiments, the machine learning model may be a neural network.
The inputs to the organic matter content prediction model include gas overflow at least at one point in time, illumination intensity, characteristics of the catalyst, size of the vessel, and/or temperature within the vessel, and the outputs include the organic matter content after a predetermined reaction time. The gas overflow amount at least at one time point can reflect the organic matter decomposition condition in the reaction unit at different time points, and the larger the gas overflow amount is, the stronger the decomposition reaction is indicated, and the smaller the gas overflow amount is, the weaker the decomposition reaction is indicated.
The characteristics of the catalyst may include the type of catalyst, the content of the catalyst, etc. The degree of decomposition of organics varies from catalyst to catalyst characteristic. In general, there is an optimum for the catalyst content, but the optimum varies in size under different conditions. For example, the type of catalyst may include a photocatalyst Ti0 2 、MnO 2 Etc. Also for example, the catalyst content is 1g/L, 0.5g/L, etc.
The size of the vessel is a factor that affects the total amount of liquid organics in the reaction unit.
The temperature in the container refers to the temperature of the reaction units, and the temperatures of different reaction units can be the same or different and can be set according to actual requirements. For example, the temperatures corresponding to the different reaction units may be set at 23 ℃, 24 ℃, 25-26 ℃, etc. The temperature in the vessel is also a factor in the decomposition reaction of the organic substances in the liquid in the reaction unit. For example, different catalysts have different activity optimum temperatures, and the faster the organics decompose when the temperature in the vessel is near the activity optimum temperature of the catalyst.
In some embodiments, the organic matter content prediction model may be obtained by training based on a plurality of training samples with marks, specifically, the training samples with marks are input into the organic matter content prediction model for training, and parameters of the organic matter content prediction model are updated through training.
In some embodiments, the training sample may include a gas overflow volume, an illumination intensity, a characteristic of the catalyst, a size of the container, and/or a temperature within the container at a particular point in time. In some embodiments, the training samples may be derived from historical data of the reaction unit pre-processing the liquid.
In some embodiments, the identification may be the organic content after a predetermined reaction time. The identification may be from historical data of the pretreatment of the liquid by the reaction unit.
In some embodiments, training may be performed in various ways based on training samples. For example, training may be based on a gradient descent method.
In some embodiments, the reaction unit may further determine the reaction schedule of the plurality of reaction units according to the result output by the organic content prediction model, that is, the organic content after a predetermined time. By the reaction schedule of the plurality of reaction units, the organic matter content in the liquid can be reduced to the standard which can be output by the output unit.
In some embodiments, the liquid pretreatment device 100 may further include a reaction schedule determination module. The reaction schedule determination module may be a processor that stores instructions. The processor, when executing the stored instructions, may cause the reaction schedule determination module to determine a reaction schedule for the plurality of reaction units based on the organic content.
The reaction schedule of the plurality of reaction units may include, but is not limited to: the order in which the liquids are fed into the reaction units, the amount of liquid fed into the reaction units, and/or the length of time the liquid is reacted in the reaction units. In some embodiments, the reaction schedule determination module may consider time factors in the determination process. For example, during peak water use times, a large amount of water is required to be continuously supplied, which requires a large amount of pretreatment for each reaction unit to be stored in advance, and during non-peak water use times, the water demand is small, and only a part of the reaction units need to be used. In some embodiments, the reaction schedule determination module may consider factors in the size of the container capacity of the reaction unit in the determination process. For example, when a certain amount of liquid is subjected to batch pretreatment, it may be necessary to distribute the liquid reasonably into individual reaction units of different capacity sizes without wasting capacity. In some embodiments, the reaction schedule determination module may consider the duration requirement of the pre-processing in the determination process. For example, when the liquid needs to be rapidly pretreated and sent out through the sending-out unit, it is possible to choose to disperse the liquid into as many reaction units as possible for reaction, so that each reaction unit is guaranteed to treat only a relatively small amount of liquid, and the organic matter content is rapidly reduced.
After the reaction schedule determining module determines the reaction schedules of the plurality of reaction units, control signals are sent to each reaction unit 110 and each valve 150, and a series of control is performed on the illumination device, the catalyst adding device, the stirring device and each valve in the reaction unit 110, so that the decomposition reaction of the liquid in the plurality of reaction units and the control of the flow direction among the plurality of reaction units are realized.
According to the embodiments, the machine learning model is introduced, so that the automation and high-efficiency advanced prediction of the organic matter content can be realized, the prediction accuracy is improved, and the prediction results can be utilized to plan the reaction schedule of a plurality of reaction units in advance, thereby being beneficial to improving the degree of automation and intelligent control.
While the basic concepts have been described above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing detailed disclosure is by way of example only and is not intended to be limiting. Although not explicitly described herein, various modifications, improvements, and adaptations to the present disclosure may occur to one skilled in the art. Such modifications, improvements, and modifications are intended to be suggested within this specification, and therefore, such modifications, improvements, and modifications are intended to be included within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
Meanwhile, the specification uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the specification. Reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and/or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is associated with at least one embodiment of the present description. Thus, it should be emphasized and should be appreciated that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" in various positions in this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, certain features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments of the present description may be combined as suitable.
Furthermore, the order in which the elements and sequences are processed, the use of numerical letters, or other designations in the description are not intended to limit the order in which the processes and methods of the description are performed unless explicitly recited in the claims. While certain presently useful inventive embodiments have been discussed in the foregoing disclosure, by way of various examples, it is to be understood that such details are merely illustrative and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, while the system components described above may be implemented by hardware devices, they may also be implemented solely by software solutions, such as installing the described system on an existing server or mobile device.
Likewise, it should be noted that in order to simplify the presentation disclosed in this specification and thereby aid in understanding one or more inventive embodiments, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. This method of disclosure, however, is not intended to imply that more features than are presented in the claims are required for the present description. Indeed, less than all of the features of a single embodiment disclosed above.
In some embodiments, numbers describing the components, number of attributes are used, it being understood that such numbers being used in the description of embodiments are modified in some examples by the modifier "about," approximately, "or" substantially. Unless otherwise indicated, "about," "approximately," or "substantially" indicate that the number allows for a 20% variation. Accordingly, in some embodiments, numerical parameters set forth in the specification and claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and employ a method for preserving the general number of digits. Although the numerical ranges and parameters set forth herein are approximations that may be employed in some embodiments to confirm the breadth of the range, in particular embodiments, the setting of such numerical values is as precise as possible.
Each patent, patent application publication, and other material, such as articles, books, specifications, publications, documents, etc., referred to in this specification is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Except for application history documents that are inconsistent or conflicting with the content of this specification, documents that are currently or later attached to this specification in which the broadest scope of the claims to this specification is limited are also. It is noted that, if the description, definition, and/or use of a term in an attached material in this specification does not conform to or conflict with what is described in this specification, the description, definition, and/or use of the term in this specification controls.
Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of this specification. Other variations are possible within the scope of this description. Thus, by way of example, and not limitation, alternative configurations of embodiments of the present specification may be considered as consistent with the teachings of the present specification. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present specification are not limited to only the embodiments explicitly described and depicted in the present specification.
Claims (6)
1. A liquid pretreatment apparatus, comprising:
A plurality of reaction units for pretreating the liquid;
some or all of the plurality of reaction units include:
the container is used for containing the liquid and decomposing organic matters in the liquid into inorganic matters;
illumination means for providing illumination for the decomposition reaction of the organic matters in the liquid in the container, the illumination intensity being determined based on the organic matter content and a predetermined reaction time;
catalyst adding means for providing a catalyst for the decomposition reaction of the organic matter in the liquid within the container; and/or
Stirring means for stirring the liquid in the container;
a feeding unit for feeding a liquid into a plurality of reaction units, at least two of which differ in capacity;
a discharging unit for discharging the liquid pretreated by the plurality of reaction units;
at least one pipe for connecting the plurality of reaction units, the feeding unit and the discharging unit;
at least one valve for installing on the at least one pipe to control a flow direction of the liquid among the plurality of reaction units, the feeding unit, and the discharging unit; and
The reaction unit further comprises an organic matter content prediction model for predicting the organic matter content of the liquid after the preset reaction time in the reaction unit, wherein the organic matter content prediction model is a support vector regression model or a neural network model, inputs the gas overflow amount including at least one time point, the illumination intensity, the characteristics of the catalyst, the size of the container and/or the temperature in the container, and outputs the organic matter content after the preset reaction time;
the reaction unit determines the reaction schedule of a plurality of reaction units according to the output result of the organic matter content prediction model, and the reaction schedule of the plurality of reaction units at least comprises: one of which of the reaction units the liquid is fed into, the order in which the liquid is fed into the reaction units, the amount of the liquid fed into the reaction units, and/or the length of time the liquid is reacted in the reaction units.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein some or all of the plurality of reaction units further comprise:
and the gas overflow amount monitoring device is used for monitoring the gas overflow amount of the reaction unit and determining the reaction ending time.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said organic matter content is determined based on said gas overflow amount of the preceding said reaction unit monitored by said gas overflow amount monitoring means when said liquid comes from the preceding said reaction unit.
4. A method of pre-treating a liquid, comprising:
feeding the liquid into a plurality of reaction units;
pretreating the liquid in the plurality of reaction units to partially or completely decompose organic matters in the liquid into inorganic matters, wherein at least two reaction units in the plurality of reaction units have different capacities; the pretreatment comprises treating the liquid by means of light, a catalyst and/or stirring, the intensity of the light being determined on the basis of the organic content and/or a predetermined reaction time; the method comprises the following steps:
predicting the organic matter content of the liquid after a preset reaction time in the reaction unit based on an organic matter content prediction model, wherein the organic matter content prediction model is a support vector regression model or a neural network model, inputting a gas overflow amount including at least one time point, the illumination intensity, the characteristics of the catalyst, the size of a container and/or the temperature in the container, and outputting the organic matter content after the preset reaction time;
Determining a reaction schedule of a plurality of reaction units based on the output result of the organic matter content prediction model, wherein the reaction schedule of the plurality of reaction units at least comprises: one of which of the reaction units the liquid is fed into, the order in which the liquid is fed into the reaction units, the amount of the liquid fed into the reaction units, and/or the length of time the liquid is reacted in the reaction units;
and delivering the pretreated liquid.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined reaction time is determined based on the gas overflow amount of the plurality of reaction units during pretreatment satisfying a preset condition.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the organic content is determined based on the gas overflow amount of the last reaction unit when the liquid comes from the last reaction unit.
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Application publication date: 20220315 Assignee: Hebei Lanrong Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: HEBEI CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL College Contract record no.: X2024980009372 Denomination of invention: A liquid pretreatment device and method Granted publication date: 20231013 License type: Common License Record date: 20240710 |