CN114177720B - Construction site dust control method - Google Patents
Construction site dust control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114177720B CN114177720B CN202111329241.7A CN202111329241A CN114177720B CN 114177720 B CN114177720 B CN 114177720B CN 202111329241 A CN202111329241 A CN 202111329241A CN 114177720 B CN114177720 B CN 114177720B
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating dust emission on a construction site, which comprises the steps of arranging an air speed detector at any ventilation position in the construction site, arranging a PM detector in an area which is easy to generate dust emission, detecting an air speed value and a PM value in real time, automatically adapting the PM detector and a pipeline booster pump, an electromagnetic valve and an electric switch which are arranged in a spray connecting pipe and close to the PM detector, feeding adaptation signals back to a central control unit, controlling the pipeline booster pump, the electromagnetic valve and the electric switch which are adapted to the PM detector to work according to the PM value monitored by the PM detector and combining the air speed value detected by the air speed detector when the actual PM value reaches the PM induction value, automatically controlling the spray water quantity, the spray height and the spray time, realizing accurate dust removal on different areas in the construction site, and when the actual PM value reaches the PM induction value again, automatically carrying out dust fall for the next time so as to improve the automation level and the dust fall efficiency of the device and reduce the water for spraying.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dust control, in particular to a method for controlling dust on a building site.
Background
The condition that the building site raise dust exceeds standard is more serious, and the raise dust exceeds standard not only can cause the harm to constructor's health, also can cause the harm to resident's on every side health and environment, in order to prevent that the raise dust from exceeding standard, the on-the-spot mode that sprays that adopts of building site carries out the dust fall usually.
At present, the dust fall mainly sprinkles water through artifical watering or watering lorry, and degree of automation is lower, even adopt automatic mode of spraying, when the construction area is great, can't come accurate control according to the different conditions of each regional raise dust and spray the water yield and spray the height, causes the waste of water resource, and dust fall effect is also not good simultaneously.
In conclusion, a method which has high automation degree and can accurately control the spraying water quantity and the spraying height so as to improve the dust settling efficiency and reduce the spraying water consumption is lacked in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a construction site dust control method. The automatic control system is used for overcoming the technical problems that the automation degree is low, and the spraying water quantity and the spraying height cannot be accurately controlled in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a construction site raise dust treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, connecting a main water inlet pipe, a plurality of straight pipes and a plurality of multi-head connecting pipes through quick pipeline joints, wherein the main water inlet pipe is connected with an external water supply device and is used for transmitting spraying water;
step S2, arranging a plurality of PM detectors in areas needing dust fall according to the actual construction environment of a construction site, arranging an air speed detector at any ventilating position in the construction site, and connecting a spray connecting pipe connected with a spray head with a multi-head connecting pipe close to the PM detectors through a quick pipeline connector;
step S3, the wind speed detector detects the wind speed value in real time, the PM detector detects the PM value in real time, and feeds the detected wind speed value and PM value back to the central control unit, and the central control unit controls a pipeline booster pump and an electromagnetic valve which are arranged on the spraying connecting pipe to work through calculation, so that the spraying height and the spraying water quantity are adjusted;
and step S4, after the spraying height and the spraying water quantity are adjusted, the central control unit controls an electric switch arranged in the spray head to work so as to control the spraying time.
Further, the PM detector is matched with a pipeline booster pump, an electromagnetic valve and an electric switch, wherein the pipeline booster pump, the electromagnetic valve and the electric switch are arranged on the spray connecting pipe and close to the PM detector, the electric switch is arranged in the spray head, the matched signal is transmitted to the central control unit, and the central control unit controls the pipeline booster pump, the electromagnetic valve and the electric switch to work after receiving detection data fed back by the PM detector.
Furthermore, a PM induction value Pz is preset in the central control unit, the PM detector feeds the detected PM value P back to the central control unit, the central control unit compares P with Pz, when P is smaller than Pz, the central control unit judges that the PM value is qualified and does not need to be sprayed for dust suppression, and when P is larger than or equal to Pz, the central control unit judges that the PM value is unqualified and needs to be sprayed for dust suppression.
Further, when P is larger than or equal to Pz, the central control unit controls the electromagnetic valve to adjust the water spraying amount to M, controls the electric switch to adjust the spraying time to preset time t0, and sets M to (P-Pz) P + M0, wherein P is the adjusting coefficient of the PM value to the spraying water amount, and M0 is the basic spraying water amount.
Further, the maximum spraying water amount Mmax is preset in the central control unit, the central control unit compares the adjusted spraying water amount M with the maximum spraying water amount Mmax, when M is smaller than Mmax, the central control unit controls the electric switch to spray the adjusted spraying water amount M until the preset spraying time t0 is reached, and when M is larger than or equal to Mmax, the central control unit controls the electric switch to spray the water with the maximum spraying water amount Mmax, and the spraying time is adjusted to t 1.
Furthermore, a first preset spraying water quantity difference reference value delta M1, a second preset spraying water quantity difference reference value delta M2, a first preset spraying water quantity adjusting coefficient alpha 1, a second preset spraying water quantity adjusting coefficient alpha 2 and a third preset spraying water quantity adjusting coefficient alpha 3 are preset in the central control unit, wherein delta M1 is more than delta M2, 0 is more than alpha 1 and is more than alpha 2 and is more than alpha 3, when M is more than or equal to Mmax, the central control unit calculates the difference delta M between the adjusted spraying water quantity M and the maximum spraying water quantity Mmax and compares delta M with delta M1 and delta M2, when delta M is less than or equal to delta M1, the central control unit adjusts the preset spraying time by using the coefficient alpha 1, delta M1 is more than or equal to delta M2, the central control unit adjusts the preset spraying time by using the coefficient alpha 2, delta M is more than delta M2, the central control unit adjusts the preset spraying time by using the alpha 3, and adjusts the spraying time by using the alpha i, setting i to be 1,2 and 3, recording the adjusted spraying time as t1, and setting t1 to be t0+ Δ M α i.
Furthermore, a wind speed induction value Wz is preset in the central control unit, the wind speed detector feeds the detected wind speed value W back to the central control unit, the central control unit compares the detected wind speed value W with the wind speed induction value Wz, when W is smaller than Wz, the central control unit judges that the wind speed value does not reach the wind speed induction detection range, the pipeline booster pump is controlled to spray and reduce dust by the basic spraying height H0, and when W is larger than or equal to Wz, the central control unit judges that the wind speed value reaches the wind speed induction detection range, the pipeline booster pump needs to be controlled to increase the preset spraying height.
Further, when W is larger than or equal to Wz, the central control unit controls the pipeline booster pump to adjust the spraying height to H, wherein H is (W-Wz) q + H0, q is an adjusting coefficient of the wind speed value to the spraying height, and H0 is the basic spraying height.
Further, a maximum spraying height Hmax is preset in the central control unit, the central control unit compares the adjusted spraying height H with the maximum spraying height Hmax, when H is smaller than Hmax, the central control unit controls the electric switch to spray the adjusted spraying height H to t1 time, when H is larger than or equal to Hmax, the central control unit controls the electric switch to spray the water at the maximum spraying height Hmax, and the spraying time is adjusted to t 2.
Further, a first preset spraying height difference reference value delta H1, a second preset spraying height difference reference value delta H2, a first preset spraying height adjustment coefficient beta 1, a second preset spraying height adjustment coefficient beta 2 and a third preset spraying height adjustment coefficient beta 3 are preset in the central control unit, wherein delta H1 is larger than delta H2, 0 is larger than beta 1 and is larger than beta 2 and is larger than beta 3, when H is larger than or equal to Hmax, the central control unit calculates the difference delta H between the adjusted spraying height H and the maximum spraying height Hmax and compares the delta H with the delta H1 and the delta H2, when the delta H is smaller than or equal to the delta H1, the central control unit secondarily adjusts the spraying time by using the coefficient beta 1, the delta H1 is larger than or equal to the delta H2, the central control unit secondarily adjusts the spraying time by using the coefficient beta 2, and the delta H is larger than delta H2, the central control unit secondarily adjusts the spraying time by using the coefficient beta 3, and the central control unit secondarily adjusts the spraying time by using the beta i, setting i to 1,2 and 3, recording the adjusted spraying time as t2, and setting t2 to t1+ Δ H β i.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the invention automatically adapts the PM detector with the water pressure increasing pump, the electromagnetic valve and the electric switch which are arranged in the spraying connecting pipe and are close to the PM detector, the adaptation signal is fed back to the central control unit, the PM monitor monitors the PM value in the area of the PM detector and the wind speed value in the construction site in real time by the wind speed detector, the real-time detection data is transmitted to the central control unit, the central control unit receives the real-time detection data and compares the real-time detection data with the preset value, the central control unit controls the pipeline booster pump, the electromagnetic valve and the electric switch which are adapted with the corresponding PM detector to work according to different PM values detected by the PM detectors in different areas, the spraying height is adjusted by controlling the pipeline booster pump, the spraying water quantity is adjusted by controlling the electromagnetic valve, reach the time of spraying after, well accuse unit control electric switch finishes spraying automatically, and this device receives and contrasts the real-time detection data that PM monitor and wind speed detector transmitted according to well accuse unit, realizes the automated control to dust fall work, improves building site raise dust treatment device's automation level, and accurate control sprays the water yield and sprays the height to improve dust fall efficiency and reduce and spray the water.
Furthermore, a PM induction value is preset in the central control unit, the detected PM value is compared with the PM induction value, and only when the PM induction value is reached, spraying is carried out, so that the spraying process is accurately controlled, and the dust fall efficiency is improved.
Particularly, when the central control unit judges that the dust fall is needed, the central control unit can adjust the spraying water quantity according to the degree that the PM value detected by the PM detector exceeds the PM induction value so as to improve the dust fall efficiency and reduce the spraying water.
Further, when the spraying water volume reaches the maximum, the water volume can not be increased any more in consideration of the fact that the water volume passing through the electromagnetic valve reaches the maximum, and therefore the spraying time is correspondingly increased to improve the dust settling efficiency.
Particularly, different coefficients are set to adjust the spraying time according to the degree that the spraying water amount exceeds the maximum spraying water amount, so that the spraying time is accurately controlled, the dust settling efficiency is improved, and the spraying water is reduced.
Furthermore, because the height of the dust can be influenced by the size of the wind speed, after the central control unit adjusts the spraying water quantity and the spraying time according to the PM value monitored by the PM detector, the central control unit compares the wind speed value detected by the wind speed detector with the wind speed induction value, and controls the pipeline booster pump to adjust the spraying height according to the comparison result.
Particularly, the central control unit can adjust the spraying height according to the degree that the wind speed value detected by the wind speed detector exceeds the wind speed induction value, so that the dust settling efficiency is improved.
Further, when the spraying height reaches the maximum, the pressure bearing capacity of the pipeline is limited, and the water pressure cannot be increased through the pipeline booster pump, so that the spraying time is increased for the second time correspondingly, and the dust settling efficiency is improved.
Particularly, different coefficients are set to carry out secondary adjustment on the spraying time according to the degree that the spraying height exceeds the maximum spraying height, so that the spraying time is accurately controlled, the dust settling efficiency is improved, and the spraying water is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the construction site dust control device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the construction site dust control method of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic plan structure diagram of a construction site dust control device is shown, the device of this embodiment includes a spraying water transmission pipeline, the spraying water transmission pipeline is formed by connecting a main water inlet pipe 1, a plurality of straight pipes 2 and a plurality of multi-head connecting pipes 3 with each other through a pipe quick connector 4, the main water inlet pipe 1 is connected with an external water supply device, a water pump 11 is arranged on the main water inlet pipe 1, and the water pump 11 is connected with a central control unit (not shown in the figure) for transmitting water of the external water supply device to the spraying water transmission pipeline.
Continuing to refer to fig. 1, the PM detector 5 is disposed in an area requiring dust fall in a construction site, the wind speed detector 6 is disposed in any ventilation position in the construction site, a pipe cap 31 is disposed above the multi-head connection pipe 3, the pipe cap 31 is normally in a closed state, the pipe cap 31 above the multi-head connection pipe 3 closest to the PM detector 5 is opened and is connected with the pipe cap 31 of the spray connection pipe 8 through the quick pipe joint 4, a pipe booster pump 9 and an electromagnetic valve 10 are disposed in the spray connection pipe 8, the pipe booster pump 9 and the electromagnetic valve 10 are connected with the central control unit, the central control unit adjusts the spray height by controlling the pump pressure of the pipe booster pump 9, adjusts the spray water quantity by controlling the water discharge quantity of the electromagnetic valve 10, the spray water with the spray height and the spray water quantity adjusted is sprayed out through a nozzle 7 disposed at the top of the spray connection pipe 8, thereby reducing dust in the surrounding environment, an electric switch (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the spray head 7 and is connected with the central control unit, so that the spraying state and the spraying time of the spraying water can be controlled.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic flow chart of a method for treating fugitive dust at a construction site is shown, which includes: step S1, connecting a main water inlet pipe 1, a plurality of straight pipes 2 and a plurality of multi-head connecting pipes 3 through a pipeline quick connector 4, connecting the main water inlet pipe 1 with an external water supply device for transmitting spraying water, step S2, arranging a plurality of PM detectors 5 in areas needing dust fall according to the actual construction environment of a construction site, arranging an air speed detector 6 at any position of ventilation in the construction site, connecting a spraying connecting pipe 8 connected with a spray head 7 with the multi-head connecting pipe 3 adjacent to the PM detectors 5 through the pipeline quick connector 4, step S3, detecting the air speed value in real time by the air speed detector 6, detecting the PM value in real time by the PM detectors 5, feeding the detected air speed value and the detected PM value back to a central control unit (not shown in the figure), controlling a pipeline booster pump 9 and an electromagnetic valve 10 arranged on the spraying connecting pipes to work through calculation by the central control the spraying height and the spraying water quantity, step S4, after the spraying height and the spraying water amount are adjusted, the central control unit controls an electric switch (not shown in the figure) arranged in the spray head 7 to work so as to control the spraying time.
Specifically, firstly, a main water inlet pipe 1, a plurality of straight pipes 2 and a multi-head connecting pipe 3 are connected through a pipe quick connector 4, the main water inlet pipe 1 is connected with an external water supply device to jointly form a spraying water transmission pipe for transmitting spraying water, a PM detector 5 is arranged in each area which is easy to generate dust during construction according to the actual construction environment of a building site, a pipe cap 31 above the multi-head connecting pipe 3 closest to the PM detector 5 is opened and is connected with a pipe cap 31 of a spraying connecting pipe 8 through the pipe quick connector 4, a water pump 11 is arranged on the main water inlet pipe 1 and is connected with a central control unit, when spraying is needed, the central control unit controls the water pump 11 to work to convey water in the external water supply device to the spraying water transmission pipe, then the PM detector 5 detects a PM value in real time, and a wind speed value is detected by a wind speed detector 6 in real time, and transmits the detected information to a central control unit, the central control unit compares the detected PM value with the PM induction value and judges whether to perform dust fall, when the detected PM value reaches the PM induction value, the central control unit calculates the spraying water quantity by calculating the detected PM value, calculates the spraying height by detecting the wind power value and judges whether the spraying water quantity exceeds the maximum spraying water quantity and whether the spraying height exceeds the maximum spraying height, when the spraying water quantity exceeds the maximum spraying water quantity or the spraying height exceeds the maximum spraying height, the central control unit controls a pipeline booster pump 9 to spray with the maximum spraying height or an electromagnetic valve 10 with the maximum spraying water quantity, and simultaneously, the central control unit performs primary adjustment on the spraying time by comparing the difference between the calculated spraying water quantity and the maximum spraying water quantity and performs secondary adjustment on the spraying time by comparing the difference between the calculated spraying height and the maximum spraying height, and finally, when the spraying time is up, the central control unit automatically controls an electric switch in the spray head 7 to finish spraying, and when the PM detector 5 detects that the PM value reaches the PM induction value again, the next dust fall work is automatically carried out according to the process.
Particularly, PM detector 5 and its setting that is close to are spraying pipeline booster pump 9, solenoid valve 10 on connecting pipe 8 and setting up the electric switch looks adaptation in the shower nozzle to give central control unit with adaptation signal transmission, central control unit is after receiving the detection data of PM detector 5 feedback, control and the pipeline booster pump 9, the solenoid valve 10 and the electric switch work of PM detector 5 looks adaptation.
Specifically, a PM induction value Pz is preset in the central control unit, the PM detector feeds a detected PM value P back to the central control unit, the central control unit compares P with Pz, when P is smaller than Pz, the central control unit judges that the PM value is qualified and does not need to be sprayed for dust suppression, and when P is larger than or equal to Pz, the central control unit judges that the PM value is unqualified and needs to be sprayed for dust suppression.
Specifically, when P is larger than or equal to Pz, the central control unit controls the electromagnetic valve 10 to adjust the water spraying amount to M, controls the electric switch to adjust the spraying time to preset time t0, and sets M-P-Pz + M0, wherein P is the adjusting coefficient of the PM value to the spraying water amount, and M0 is the basic spraying water amount.
Specifically, the maximum spraying water amount Mmax is preset in the central control unit, the central control unit compares the adjusted spraying water amount M with the maximum spraying water amount Mmax, when M is smaller than Mmax, the central control unit controls the electric switch to spray the adjusted spraying water amount M until the preset spraying time t0, and when M is larger than or equal to Mmax, the central control unit controls the electric switch to spray the water with the maximum spraying water amount Mmax and adjusts the spraying time to t 1.
Specifically, a first preset spraying water quantity difference reference value delta M1, a second preset spraying water quantity difference reference value delta M2, a first preset spraying water quantity adjusting coefficient alpha 1, a second preset spraying water quantity adjusting coefficient alpha 2 and a third preset spraying water quantity adjusting coefficient alpha 3 are preset in the central control unit, wherein delta M1 is more than delta M2, 0 is more than alpha 1 and more than alpha 2 is more than alpha 3, when M is more than or equal to Mmax, the central control unit calculates the difference delta M between the adjusted spraying water quantity M and the maximum spraying water quantity Mmax and compares delta M with delta M1 and delta M2, when delta M is less than or equal to delta M1, the central control unit adjusts the preset spraying time by using the coefficient alpha 1, delta M1 is more than or equal to delta M2, the central control unit adjusts the preset spraying time by using the coefficient alpha 2, and delta M is more than delta M2, the central control unit adjusts the preset spraying time by using the coefficient alpha 3, and the central control unit adjusts the time by using alpha i, setting i to 1,2 and 3, recording the adjusted spraying time as t1, and setting t1 to t0+ Δ M α i.
Specifically, a wind speed sensing value Wz is preset in the central control unit, the wind speed detector 6 feeds the detected wind speed value W back to the central control unit, the central control unit compares the detected wind speed value W with the wind speed sensing value Wz, when W is less than Wz, the central control unit determines that the wind speed value does not reach the wind speed sensing detection range, the pipeline booster pump 9 is controlled to spray and reduce dust by a basic spraying height H0, and when W is greater than or equal to Wz, the central control unit determines that the wind speed value reaches the wind speed sensing detection range, the pipeline booster pump 9 is controlled to increase the preset spraying height.
Specifically, the central control unit controls the pipeline booster pump 9 to adjust the spraying height to H, H ═ W-Wz × q + H0, wherein q is an adjustment coefficient of the wind speed value to the spraying height, and H0 is the basic spraying height.
Specifically, the maximum spraying height Hmax is preset in the central control unit, the central control unit compares the adjusted spraying height H with the maximum spraying height Hmax, when H is smaller than Hmax, the central control unit controls the electric switch to spray the adjusted spraying height H to t1 time, when H is larger than or equal to Hmax, the central control unit controls the electric switch to spray at the maximum spraying height Hmax, and the spraying time is adjusted to t 2.
Specifically, a first preset spraying height difference reference value delta H1, a second preset spraying height difference reference value delta H2, a first preset spraying height adjustment coefficient beta 1, a second preset spraying height adjustment coefficient beta 2 and a third preset spraying height adjustment coefficient beta 3 are preset in the central control unit, wherein delta H1 is more than delta H2, 0 is more than beta 1 and less than beta 2 is more than beta 3, when H is not less than Hmax, the central control unit calculates the difference delta H between the adjusted spraying height H and the maximum spraying height Hmax and compares the delta H with delta H1 and delta H2, when the delta H is not more than delta H1, the central control unit secondarily adjusts the spraying time by using the coefficient beta 1, the delta H1 is more than delta H2, the central control unit secondarily adjusts the spraying time by using the coefficient beta 2, the delta H is more than delta H2, the central control unit secondarily adjusts the spraying time by using the coefficient beta 3, and the central control unit secondarily adjusts the spraying time by using beta i, setting i to 1,2 and 3, recording the adjusted spraying time as t2, and setting t2 to t1+ Δ H β i.
Specifically, the length of the straight pipe 2 is not limited in this embodiment, and the straight pipe 2 with a proper length may be selected and assembled according to actual conditions, and the straight pipe 2, the total water inlet pipe 1, the multi-head connecting pipe 3 and the quick pipe joint 4 together form a spraying water transmission pipe.
Particularly, in actual construction, if the region that the building site actually produced the raise dust is inconsistent with the expectation, the position of connecting pipe 8 that sprays can be changed, the position of PM monitor 5 is changed correspondingly simultaneously, realizes the accurate dust fall of fixed point.
Specifically, according to the actual needs of the construction site, in order not to affect the passing of the vehicle, the whole spraying water transmission pipeline can be buried underground and the position of the multi-head connecting pipe can be reserved by digging the pipe groove after the spraying water transmission pipeline is assembled, and for the construction site where the vehicle does not need to enter, the pipeline can be directly left on the ground surface.
Specifically, the PM value mainly monitored by the multifunctional monitor is usually the value of PM10, since the dust below 10 microns belongs to inhalable particles, but other PM values can be set according to the local environmental requirements.
Specifically, a preset PM induction value Pz in the central control unit may be set as a PM value that cannot be exceeded by local environmental protection requirements, and a preset wind speed induction value Wz in the central control unit may be set as a wind speed value when the raise dust height is flush with the height of a constructor, for example, a wind speed value when the raise dust height is 1.6 meters.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for treating raised dust on a construction site is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, connecting a main water inlet pipe, a plurality of straight pipes and a plurality of multi-head connecting pipes through quick pipeline joints, wherein the main water inlet pipe is connected with an external water supply device and is used for transmitting spraying water;
step S2, arranging a plurality of PM detectors in areas needing dust fall according to the actual construction environment of the construction site, arranging a wind speed detector at any position of ventilation in the construction site, and connecting a spray connecting pipe connected with a spray head with a multi-head connecting pipe close to the PM detectors through a quick pipeline joint;
step S3, the wind speed detector detects the wind speed value in real time, the PM detector detects the PM value in real time, and feeds the detected wind speed value and PM value back to the central control unit, and the central control unit controls a pipeline booster pump and an electromagnetic valve which are arranged on the spraying connecting pipe to work through calculation, so that the spraying height and the spraying water quantity are adjusted;
step S4, when the spraying height and the spraying water quantity are adjusted, the central control unit controls an electric switch arranged in the spray head to work so as to control the spraying time;
the PM detector is matched with a pipeline booster pump, an electromagnetic valve and an electric switch, which are arranged on the spray connecting pipe and close to the PM detector, in the sprayer, and the PM detector transmits a matching signal to the central control unit, and the central control unit controls the pipeline booster pump, the electromagnetic valve and the electric switch, which are matched with the PM detector, to work after receiving detection data fed back by the PM detector;
a PM induction value Pz is preset in the central control unit, the PM detector feeds back the detected PM value P to the central control unit, the central control unit compares P with Pz,
when P is less than Pz, the central control unit judges that the PM value is qualified and does not need spraying for dust reduction;
when P is larger than or equal to Pz, the central control unit judges that the PM value is unqualified, and spraying is needed for dust reduction;
when P is larger than or equal to Pz, the central control unit controls the electromagnetic valve to adjust the water spraying amount to M, controls the electric switch to adjust the spraying time to preset time t0, and sets M = (P-Pz) × P + M0, wherein P is the adjusting coefficient of the PM value to the spraying water amount, and M0 is the basic spraying water amount;
the maximum spraying water quantity Mmax is preset in the central control unit, the central control unit compares the adjusted spraying water quantity M with the maximum spraying water quantity Mmax,
when M is less than Mmax, the central control unit controls the electric switch to spray by the adjusted spraying water quantity M until the preset spraying time t 0;
when M is larger than or equal to Mmax, the central control unit controls the electric switch to spray with the maximum spraying water quantity Mmax, and the spraying time is adjusted to t 1;
a first preset spraying water quantity difference reference value delta M1, a second preset spraying water quantity difference reference value delta M2, a first preset spraying water quantity adjusting coefficient alpha 1, a second preset spraying water quantity adjusting coefficient alpha 2 and a third preset spraying water quantity adjusting coefficient alpha 3 are preset in the central control unit, wherein delta M1 is more than delta M2, alpha 1 is more than 0 and more than alpha 2 and more than alpha 3, when M is more than or equal to Mmax, the central control unit calculates the difference delta M between the adjusted spraying water quantity M and the maximum spraying water quantity Mmax and compares the delta M with delta M1 and delta M2,
when the delta M is less than or equal to the delta M1, the central control unit adjusts the preset spraying time by using the coefficient alpha 1;
the delta M is more than delta M1 and less than or equal to delta M2, and the central control unit adjusts the preset spraying time by using a coefficient alpha 2;
when the delta M is larger than the delta M2, the central control unit adjusts the preset spraying time by using a coefficient alpha 3;
when the central control unit adjusts the spray time using α i, i =1,2, 3 is set, the adjusted spray time is denoted as t1, and t1= t0+ Δ M × α i is set.
2. A method for treating dust on a construction site according to claim 1, wherein a wind speed sensing value Wz is also preset in the central control unit, the wind speed detector feeds the detected wind speed value W back to the central control unit, the central control unit compares the detected wind speed value W with the wind speed sensing value Wz,
when W is smaller than Wz, the central control unit judges that the wind speed value does not reach the wind speed sensing detection range, and controls the pipeline booster pump to spray and reduce dust by the basic spraying height H0;
when W is larger than or equal to Wz, the central control unit judges that the wind speed value reaches the wind speed sensing detection range, and the pipeline booster pump needs to be controlled to increase the preset spraying height.
3. The method for treating the flying dust at the construction site as claimed in claim 2, wherein when W is more than or equal to Wz, the central control unit controls the pipeline booster pump to adjust the spraying height to H, H = (W-Wz) × q + H0, wherein q is an adjusting coefficient of a wind speed value to the spraying height, and H0 is a basic spraying height.
4. The method for treating the flying dust at the construction site according to claim 3, wherein a maximum spraying height Hmax is preset in the central control unit, the central control unit compares the adjusted spraying height H with the maximum spraying height Hmax,
when H is less than Hmax, the central control unit controls the electric switch to spray the adjusted spraying height H for t 1;
when H is larger than or equal to Hmax, the central control unit controls the electric switch to spray at the maximum spraying height Hmax, and the spraying time is adjusted to t 2.
5. The construction site dust control method according to claim 4, wherein a first preset spraying height difference reference value Δ H1, a second preset spraying height difference reference value Δ H2, a first preset spraying height adjustment coefficient β 1, a second preset spraying height adjustment coefficient β 2 and a third preset spraying height adjustment coefficient β 3 are preset in the central control unit, wherein Δ H1 < Δ H2, 0 < β 1 < β 2 < β 3, when H ≧ Hmax, the central control unit calculates the difference Δ H between the adjusted spraying height H and the maximum spraying height Hmax, and compares Δ H with Δ H1 and Δ H2,
when the delta H is less than or equal to the delta H1, the central control unit uses the coefficient beta 1 to carry out secondary adjustment on the spraying time;
delta H is more than delta H1 and less than or equal to delta H2, and the central control unit uses a coefficient beta 2 to carry out secondary adjustment on the spraying time;
the delta H is more than delta H2, and the central control unit uses the coefficient beta 3 to carry out secondary adjustment on the spraying time;
when the central control unit adjusts the spray time using β i, i =1,2, 3 is set, the adjusted spray time is denoted as t2, and t2= t1+ Δ H × β i is set.
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