CN114177356A - Preparation method and application of printing ink for photocuring 3D printing - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of printing ink for photocuring 3D printing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114177356A CN114177356A CN202111514204.3A CN202111514204A CN114177356A CN 114177356 A CN114177356 A CN 114177356A CN 202111514204 A CN202111514204 A CN 202111514204A CN 114177356 A CN114177356 A CN 114177356A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogel
- stirring
- printing
- printing ink
- preparation
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention relates to 3D printing, in particular to a preparation method and application of photocuring 3D printing ink; a preparation method of photocuring 3D printing ink is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding 50-100 mg of graphene oxide powder into 100mL of ultrapure water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-3 h until the graphene oxide is uniformly dispersed; adding 15-20 g of acrylamide and 1-5 g of polyethylene glycol (glycol) diacrylate, adding a photoinitiator, stirring and dissolving to obtain the 3D printing ink. The 3D printing ink prepared by the invention has excellent biocompatibility and mechanical property, provides possibility for personalized customization of hydrogel, and has great application space in the fields of transdermal drug delivery, skin cosmetology, cell culture, tissue engineering and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of 3D printing, and relates to a preparation method and application of printing ink for photocuring 3D printing.
Background
The traditional hydrogel is usually prepared by a die method, the method has poor design flexibility, only can prepare hydrogels with certain basic shapes depending on die shaping, sometimes the hydrogels with different sizes and different shapes can be prepared according to actual requirements, and the prepared hydrogels need to be secondarily processed or correspondingly use dies with specific sizes and shapes. The 3D printing one-step forming has the advantages that the problems that a mold is needed and the process is complicated in the traditional hydrogel preparation method are expected to be solved, and based on the characteristic that the 3D model is flexible and controllable in design, the hydrogel shape with a more complex and finer structure can be prepared, particularly the photocuring 3D printing technology with the most potential in the 3D printing technology is high in precision and speed, and the hydrogel has great potential in the aspect of personalized customization. However, the technology has certain limitations, the molding conditions are harsh, the materials are required to have photosensitivity, most of the materials have high toxicity and few available materials, the materials commonly used in the field of medicine at present mainly comprise GelMA, HAMA, PEGDA and the like, and the materials have photosensitivity and excellent biocompatibility but have the problems of poor mechanical strength and the like.
Aiming at the problems, the printing ink for photocuring 3D printing is developed, the hydrogel prepared by printing has excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties, the possibility is provided for personalized customization of the hydrogel, and the printing ink has a large application space in the fields of transdermal drug delivery, skin cosmetology, cell culture, tissue engineering and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the Invention
The invention mainly provides a preparation method and application of printing ink for photocuring 3D printing.
Technical scheme
A preparation method of photocuring 3D printing ink is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding 50-100 mg of graphene oxide powder into 100mL of ultrapure water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-3 h until the graphene oxide is uniformly dispersed; adding 15-20 g of acrylamide and 1-5 g of polyethylene glycol (glycol) diacrylate, adding a photoinitiator, stirring and dissolving to obtain the 3D printing ink.
The synthesis method of the Graphene Oxide (GO) comprises the following steps: weighing 50mL of concentrated sulfuric acid, putting the concentrated sulfuric acid into a beaker, adding 2g of 400-mesh graphite powder and 1g of NaNO3, and stirring in an ice-water bath for 30 min; slowly adding 3g KMnO4, stirring for 30min, and controlling temperature below 10 deg.C; adding 7g of KMnO4 into a beaker in 3 batches, and continuing to react for 1h, wherein the temperature is controlled below 20 ℃; raising the temperature to 35 ℃, and fully stirring for 2 hours to obtain a brown suspension; slowly adding 60mL of water, stirring for 15min, continuously reacting for 30min, cooling to 50 ℃, adding an H2O2 aqueous solution until no bubbles are generated, and changing the system from black to bright yellow; centrifuging at 9000rpm for 5min, washing the precipitate with 5% hydrochloric acid for 3 times, washing with purified water for 4 times to obtain yellow brown graphene oxide solution, and freeze drying for 48 h.
The synthesis method of the polyethylene glycol (glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) comprises the following steps: putting PEG with the number average molecular weight of 400 in a beaker, measuring anhydrous dichloromethane, adding the anhydrous dichloromethane into the beaker, stirring until the PEG is completely dissolved, then adding 0.7mL of triethylamine and 1.5mL of acryloyl chloride under the condition of magnetic stirring at 45 ℃, continuously stirring for reaction for 48h under the protection of N2, and purifying to obtain the PEGDA.
A preparation method of a 3D printing hydrogel patch is characterized by comprising the following steps: and printing the drawn 3D printing model by using the photocuring 3D printer according to the drawn 3D printing ink.
The hydrogel prepared by the method is loaded with drugs, and is characterized in that: the drug loading can be carried out by two methods, namely a xerogel drug loading method and a wet gel drug loading method, and the hydrogel after drug loading has a certain controlled release effect.
The hydrogel prepared by the method is used for cell culture and tissue scaffold construction, and is characterized in that: drawing a tissue scaffold model according to the requirement, printing by a 3D printer to obtain a hydrogel scaffold, and adding cells to enable the hydrogel scaffold to grow on the surface.
The application of the hydrogel in the field of transdermal drug delivery includes but is not limited to: A. a dressing for wounds, characterized in that: a model is drawn through 3D modeling software, the printing ink is used for printing, and the obtained hydrogel patch can be used as a wound auxiliary material and has the advantages of absorbing exudate, being reusable and being customized in a personalized mode. B. For drug loading, characterized by: the model is drawn through 3D modeling software, the printing ink is used for printing to obtain a blank hydrogel patch, drug loading can be carried out through two modes, namely a xerogel drug loading method and a wet gel drug loading method, and the hydrogel after drug loading has a certain controlled release effect.
The application of the hydrogel in the field of cosmetology and pharmacy is characterized in that: drawing model with 3D modeling software, printing with the above printing ink, and adding active ingredients such as vitamin C and vitamin B6The gel is loaded by the xerogel drug loading method or the wet gel drug loading method, and has the effects of whitening, removing freckles, repairing and the like.
The application is characterized in that: the medicine is antibacterial medicine, acne treating medicine, whitening substance, skin repairing substance or anti-aging substance.
The application is characterized in that: the antibacterial agent is erythromycin and metronidazole; the medicine for treating acne is viaminate, salicylic acid; drugs for systemic administration; the whitening substance is vitamin C and its derivatives, vitamin E, nicotinamide, arbutin, glutathione, tranexamic acid, astaxanthin, and kojic acid; the skin repairing substance is vitamin B6Ceramide, bisabolol, asiaticoside, growth factor; the anti-aging substance is retinol and its derivatives, leucogen, palmitoyl tripeptide, and acetyl hexapeptide.
The innovation points are as follows:
according to the invention, a traditional polyacrylamide gel crosslinking system is improved, graphene oxide is introduced to enhance the mechanical property of the formed hydrogel and increase the antibacterial property of the formed hydrogel, PEGDA replaces the traditional crosslinking agent N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide (Bis), so that the formed hydrogel has excellent flexibility and tensile property, the breaking elongation of the formed hydrogel can reach 1024.15%, Table 1 compares the mechanical property parameters of acrylamide hydrogels with three different components, and the hydrogel obtained by using the crosslinking agent Bis has higher rigidity but poorer tensile property; the use of PEGDA as a cross-linker significantly enhances the stretchability of the shaped hydrogel, but sacrifices the rigidity of the system. The addition of GO increases the rigidity of the system and simultaneously retains the tensile property brought by PEGDA, because the graphene oxide surface has rich oxygen-containing hydrophilic functional groups such as-COOH, -OH, epoxy bonds and the like, and the rigidity of the hydrogel is increased by forming hydrogen bonds with polyacrylamide chains. The traditional chemical crosslinking is replaced by a photocrosslinking method, and the obtained 3D printing ink has great application prospects in the fields of transdermal drug delivery, cell culture and tissue engineering.
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties of different acrylamide hydrogels
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a range analysis graph of the results of the orthogonal test;
fig. 2 in vitro release curves of drug-loaded 3D printed hydrogels (a) xerogel drug loading method (b) wet gel drug loading method;
fig. 33D is a printed hydrogel patch, where (a) is the hydrogel immediately after printing and not yet detached from the printing platform (b) is the hydrogel detached from the platform (c) is a porous structure clearly visible on the hydrogel surface;
figure 43D illustrates the adhesion and flexibility of a printed hydrogel patch, wherein (a) the adhesion of the hydrogel patch to a smooth stainless steel plane (b) is a graph demonstrating the excellent stretchability of the hydrogel;
FIG. 5 SEM image (100 μm) of hydrogel.
Detailed Description
LAP (photoinitiator), fully known as phenyl (2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl) lithium phosphate, was purchased from Shanghai Leichang Innovative materials, Inc.
Example 1
(1) Synthesizing graphene oxide:
50mL of concentrated sulfuric acid is measured and put into a beaker, 2g of 400-mesh graphite powder and 1g of NaNO are added3Stirring in ice water bath for 30 min; slowly add 3g KMnO4Stirring thoroughly for 30min, and controlling the temperature below 10 deg.C; 7g of KMnO4Adding the mixture into beakers in 3 batches, and continuously reacting for 1 hour, wherein the temperature is controlled below 20 ℃; raising the temperature to 35 ℃, and fully stirring for 2 hours to obtain a brown suspension; slowly adding 60mL of water, stirring for 15min, suddenly increasing the temperature of the system to 90 ℃ with generation of a large amount of gas,continuing to react for 30min, cooling to 50 ℃, and adding H2O2When the water solution does not generate bubbles, the system is changed from black to bright yellow, which indicates that the graphene oxide is successfully prepared; centrifuging at 9000rpm for 5min, washing the precipitate with 5% hydrochloric acid for 3 times, washing with purified water for 4 times to obtain yellow brown graphene oxide solution, and freeze drying for 48 h.
(2) Synthesis of PEGDA:
PEG (Mn 400) was weighed and placed in a beaker, and anhydrous dichloromethane (CaCl) was measured2Water removal, PEG: CH (CH)2Cl21:5), stirring until the PEG is completely dissolved, adding 0.7mL of triethylamine and 1.5mL of acryloyl chloride under magnetic stirring at 45 ℃, and adding N2The reaction was kept stirring for 48h under protective conditions. After the reaction is finished, adding 25mL (2mol/L) of potassium carbonate solution into the reaction solution to remove a reaction by-product HCl, transferring the solution to a separating funnel, fully oscillating, standing for 5 hours, separating, taking a lower-layer dichloromethane solution, adding magnesium sulfate powder, and drying; centrifuging to obtain supernatant, rotary-steaming to obtain concentrated solution, adding diethyl ether until white powder sample is separated out, vacuum filtering to remove diethyl ether, collecting the sample, drying in a vacuum drier for 24h, sealing, and storing in dark place.
(3) Preparation of 3D printing ink:
adding 50-100 mg (0.05% -0.1%) of GO powder into 100mL of ultrapure water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2h until the GO is uniformly dispersed; adding 15-20 g (15-20%) of acrylamide, 1-5 g (0.1-0.5%) of PEGDA and 25-100 mg of LAP, stirring and dissolving to obtain the 3D printing ink.
EXAMPLE 23 formulation screening of printing inks
Selecting three important influence factors of acrylamide concentration (A), GO concentration (B) and PEGDA concentration (C), wherein the factor levels are shown in table 2, the elongation at break and sensory score of the hydrogel are used as evaluation indexes, the comprehensive score is 0.2% multiplied by elongation at break + 0.8% multiplied by sensory score, and the three factors are used for three levels (L)9,33) The results of the orthogonal design and the orthogonal test are shown in table 3. The results of the cross test are subjected to range analysis, the results are shown in figure 1, and the influence on the comprehensive performance of the hydrogel A can be seen from the figure>C>B, as can be seen from the figure, so as to synthesizeThe largest scoring prescription is A3B2C1, namely 20% acrylamide, 0.05% GO and 0.2% PEGDA, wherein the hydrogel using 1% PEGDA loses elasticity, the 10% hydrogel is not suitable for 3D printing due to low crosslinking degree, the acrylamide concentration is 15% -20%, and the PEGDA concentration is 0.1% -0.5%, so that good hydrogel performance can be obtained.
TABLE 2 factor level table
TABLE 3 results of orthogonal experiments
Example 3
In this example, the drug loading was carried out by the following method and the in vitro drug release performance of the drug-loaded hydrogel was investigated, and the model drug used was vitamin B6The method comprises the following specific implementation steps:
(1) vitamin B-carrying6Preparation of hydrogel:
xerogel drug loading method: cutting the hydrogel patch prepared by 3D printing into small blocks of 10 multiplied by 2mm, freeze-drying for 24h to obtain freeze-dried hydrogel, immersing the hydrogel into medicine liquid containing 5mg of medicine, and completely sucking the medicine liquid by utilizing the swelling property to obtain the medicine-carrying hydrogel.
Wet gel drug loading method: immersing the aqueous hydrogel in a solution containing 5mg of vitamin B6The concentrated liquid medicine of (2) is loaded by utilizing the diffusion effect of the drug.
(2) In vitro drug release experiment:
the drug-loaded hydrogel is soaked in 50mL of release medium, placed in a constant temperature shaking table at 37 ℃, and 1mL of release medium is taken out while 1mL of new release medium is supplemented for 2,4,6, 8, 10, 12 and 24 hours to keep the total volume of the solution unchanged. The value of the release taken out and the absorbance value measured at 290nm are used for calculating the concentration and the cumulative release rate according to the standard curve. Figure 2 is an in vitro drug release profile of a drug loaded hydrogel. Under two different drug loading modes, about 50% of the drug is released into the medium when the drug is quickly released in the first 2 hours, the release of the drug gradually becomes slow after 2 hours, the drug starts to enter a plateau period about 8 hours, the drug is completely released in 10 hours, and the cumulative release rate is about 85%, so that the hydrogel has good drug loading capacity and a certain controlled release effect.
Example 4
This example performs a hydrogel biocompatibility experiment by the following method:
preparing a hydrogel leaching solution:
placing acrylamide hydrogel into DEME complete culture medium (0.3g/mL) containing 10% fetal bovine serum, placing in a constant temperature shaking table at 37 deg.C for 24h, and taking out the leaching solution. Filtering the leaching solution with 0.22 μ L sterile microporous membrane, and storing at low temperature.
MTT method for detecting cytotoxicity:
taking cells in logarithmic growth phase, digesting with pancreatin to obtain cell suspension, counting cells, and regulating cell concentration to 5 × 104The cell suspension was seeded in a 96-well plate at 200. mu.L per well, and 6 wells were set. Standing at 37 deg.C for 5% CO2Culturing in a cell culture box overnight, discarding culture solution, replacing the experimental group with acrylamide hydrogel leaching liquor, replacing the control group and the blank group with fresh complete culture medium, and setting 6 multiple holes in each group. Placing the 96-well plate after liquid replacement at 37 ℃ with the volume fraction of 5% CO2The culture is continued in the constant temperature incubator for 1, 2 and 3 days, and then the culture is taken out for MTT experiment. The supernatant was discarded, 200. mu.l of MTT solution (0.5mg/ml) was added to each well, and the mixture was incubated at 37 ℃ with 5% CO by volume2The incubator of (1) was incubated for 4 hours. After 4h, the plate was discarded and 200. mu.L of dimethyl sulfoxide was added to each well and shaken on a shaker for 15 min. The absorbance value (A) at 490nm was measured for each well using a microplate reader. The Relative Growth Rate (RGR) of the cells was calculated according to the following equation.
RGR (%) ═ (experimental a-placebo a)/(control a-placebo a) × 100%.
After the hydrogel leaching liquor is co-cultured with cells for 1, 2, 3 and 4 days, the cell proliferation rates are respectively 91.8%, 95.4% and 93.8% and 89.1%, which indicates that the hydrogel has good biocompatibility.
Example 5
This example personalizes a custom hydrogel for use as a wound dressing by the following method:
drawing a model through solid work three-dimensional modeling software, setting printer parameters to be 30 micrometers of the thickness of a single-layer printing layer, 15 seconds of single-layer curing time, 30 seconds of base layer curing time and 5 layers of base layer, and introducing 3D printing ink into an ink tank to start printing. FIG. 3 is a printed hydrogel patch with the hydrogel surface structure clearly visible, consistent with the designed model; fig. 4 shows the adhesiveness and flexibility of the hydrogel patch, the 3D-printed patch has excellent flexibility, can be stretched repeatedly, and the shape is not damaged, and meanwhile, the hydrogel patch has certain adhesion performance, and is attached to the surface of a smooth stainless steel plate and applied with certain pressure, and the hydrogel is well adhered to the surface and cannot fall off spontaneously; fig. 5 is an SEM electron micrograph of the hydrogel, and it can be seen from the micrograph that the hydrogel has a porous structure inside to provide a small molecule access channel for the hydrogel, which can realize the access of moisture and the exchange of other small molecule substances, and can absorb exudate as a wound dressing.
Comparative example 1
The traditional acrylamide hydrogel takes acrylamide as a monomer, N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent and potassium persulfate and sodium bisulfite as initiators, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: acrylamide is dissolved in purified water, an initiator (potassium persulfate: sodium bisulfite ═ 1:1) and N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide are sequentially added, the mixture is stirred for 1 hour at the temperature of 80 ℃, and the mixture is poured into a mold to be cooled to obtain hydrogel. The method is chemical crosslinking, has long preparation time and depends on mold shaping, and the hydrogel prepared by the method has crisp texture and poor mechanical property.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of photocuring 3D printing ink is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding 50-100 mg of graphene oxide powder into 100mL of ultrapure water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-3 h until the graphene oxide is uniformly dispersed; adding 15-20 g of acrylamide and 1-5 g of polyethylene glycol (glycol) diacrylate, adding a photoinitiator, stirring and dissolving to obtain the 3D printing ink.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the photoinitiator is lithium phenyl (2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphate.
3. A method of preparing a 3D printing ink according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the synthesis method of the Graphene Oxide (GO) comprises the following steps: 50mL of concentrated sulfuric acid is measured and put into a beaker, 2g of 400-mesh graphite powder and 1g of NaNO are added3Stirring in ice water bath for 30 min; slowly add 3g KMnO4Stirring thoroughly for 30min, and controlling the temperature below 10 deg.C; 7g of KMnO4Adding the mixture into beakers in 3 batches, and continuously reacting for 1 hour, wherein the temperature is controlled below 20 ℃; raising the temperature to 35 ℃, and fully stirring for 2 hours to obtain a brown suspension; slowly adding 60mL of water, stirring for 15min, continuously reacting for 30min, cooling to 50 ℃, adding H2O2The water solution does not generate bubbles, and the system changes from black to bright yellow; centrifuging at 9000rpm for 5min, washing the precipitate with 5% hydrochloric acid for 3 times, washing with purified water for 4 times to obtain yellow brown graphene oxide solution, and freeze drying for 48 hr;
the synthesis method of the polyethylene glycol (glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) comprises the following steps: putting PEG with number average molecular weight of 400 in a beaker, measuring anhydrous dichloromethane, adding into the beaker, stirring until the PEG is completely dissolved, sequentially adding 0.7mL triethylamine and 1.5mL acryloyl chloride under the condition of magnetic stirring at 45 ℃, and adding N2Continuously stirring and reacting for 48h under the protection condition, and purifying to obtain the PEGDA.
4. A preparation method of a 3D printing hydrogel patch is characterized by comprising the following steps: printing ink according to any one of claims 1 to 3, printed using a photocuring 3D printer in accordance with the rendered 3D printing model.
5. Use of a hydrogel patch prepared by the method of claim 4 for the preparation of a drug loaded carrier, wherein: the hydrogel can be loaded with drugs by a xerogel drug loading method or a wet gel drug loading method.
6. Use of the hydrogel patch prepared by the method of claim 4 as a cell culture or tissue scaffold, characterized in that: adding cells to grow, induce and differentiate on the surface of the scaffold to form tissues; wherein the cells capable of being cultured comprise Hacat cells, cardiomyocytes or neural cells; the tissue may comprise myocardial tissue, neural tissue or skin.
7. Use according to claim 5, wherein the hydrogel patch is for use in a transdermal drug delivery system.
8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the transdermal delivery system is for the delivery of substances or drugs having whitening, anti-wrinkle, healing, or reparative functions.
9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that: the medicine is antibacterial medicine, acne treating medicine, whitening substance, skin repairing substance or anti-aging substance.
10. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that: the antibacterial agent is erythromycin and metronidazole; the medicine for treating acne is viaminate, salicylic acid; drugs for systemic administration; the whitening substance is vitamin C and its derivatives, vitamin E, nicotinamide, arbutin, glutathione, tranexamic acid, astaxanthin, and kojic acid; the skin repairing substance is vitamin B6Ceramide, bisabolol, asiaticoside, growth factor; the anti-aging substance is retinol and its derivatives, leucogen, palmitoyl tripeptide, and acetyl hexapeptide.
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