CN114173030A - Space frequency domain single snapshot imaging device and method based on smart phone - Google Patents

Space frequency domain single snapshot imaging device and method based on smart phone Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114173030A
CN114173030A CN202111299793.8A CN202111299793A CN114173030A CN 114173030 A CN114173030 A CN 114173030A CN 202111299793 A CN202111299793 A CN 202111299793A CN 114173030 A CN114173030 A CN 114173030A
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base
frequency domain
image
mobile phone
condensing lens
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CN114173030B (en
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丁驰竹
谭佐军
程其娈
刘越
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/57Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B15/02Illuminating scene
    • G03B15/03Combinations of cameras with lighting apparatus; Flash units
    • G03B15/05Combinations of cameras with electronic flash apparatus; Electronic flash units
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
    • H04M1/0264Details of the structure or mounting of specific components for a camera module assembly
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M2250/00Details of telephonic subscriber devices
    • H04M2250/52Details of telephonic subscriber devices including functional features of a camera

Abstract

The invention discloses a space frequency domain single snapshot imaging device based on a smart phone and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises a combined base arranged on the back of the smart phone, the combined base comprises a main base, the bottom of the main base is hollow to form an inverted U-shaped clamping groove, a clamping seat is matched and clamped in the clamping groove, a condensing lens mounting hole is formed in the opening end of the clamping seat, an extension base is arranged at the opening end of the clamping seat in an extending mode, a camera light hole is formed in the extension end of the extension base, a condensing lens light hole is formed in the top surface of the main base, a hollow mounting table is arranged at the opening end of the main base, a slot is formed between the other end of the mounting table and the surface of the main base, a mounting seat is arranged on the mounting hole of the mounting table, and a focusing component is arranged on the mounting seat. The invention is based on the smart phone, adopts a single snapshot imaging algorithm, greatly simplifies the imaging device and the steps, can realize the portability of the space frequency domain imaging, and is beneficial to the popularization and the application of the space frequency domain imaging technology.

Description

Space frequency domain single snapshot imaging device and method based on smart phone
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optics and measurement, in particular to a space frequency domain single snapshot imaging device and method based on a smart phone.
Background
The spatial frequency domain imaging technology is characterized in that structured light with certain spatial frequency is projected onto a tissue sample to be detected, a camera collects a diffuse reflection illuminance image after tissue scattering, and a specific light transmission model is utilized to invert the distribution of optical characteristic parameters of a tissue body. The technology has the advantages of no contact, large detection area, certain detection depth and the like, and is used for disease diagnosis, quality detection of agricultural products and the like.
The traditional space frequency domain imaging needs to generate a pattern with periodic distribution (such as bright and dark stripes) by a computer, project pattern light on a tissue body by a DLP projector, and shoot images by a CCD camera. A neutral density filter and a polaroid are arranged between the projector and the tissue body, and the polaroid is arranged in front of the CCD camera. In addition, the traditional spatial frequency domain imaging adopts a three-phase shift method for demodulation, namely 3 diffuse reflection images with different phases under the same modulation frequency need to be acquired, so that a computer is needed to control a projector to periodically generate pattern lights with different phases, and simultaneously control a CCD camera to periodically shoot images, thereby increasing the complexity of the system and restricting the real-time performance of detection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a space frequency domain single snapshot imaging device and a method based on a smart phone, wherein a flashlight of the smart phone is used for irradiating a slide to generate structured light with certain space frequency, and a camera of the smart phone is used for shooting images; by adopting a single snapshot imaging algorithm, the high requirement of conventional space frequency domain imaging on an experimental device is reduced, the imaging device and steps are greatly simplified, and the popularization and the use of the space frequency domain imaging technology are facilitated.
In order to achieve the purpose, the space frequency domain single snapshot imaging device based on the smart phone comprises a combined base arranged on the back face of the smart phone, wherein the combined base comprises a main base, an inverted U-shaped clamping groove is formed in the bottom of the main base in a hollow mode, a clamping seat is clamped in the clamping groove in a matched mode, a condensing lens mounting hole is formed in the opening end of the clamping seat, an extending base is arranged at the opening end of the clamping seat in an extending mode, a camera light hole is formed in the extending end of the extending base, a condensing lens light hole is formed in the top face of the main base, and when the clamping seat is clamped in the clamping groove of the main base, the condensing lens light hole is located right above the condensing lens mounting hole and a mounting cavity for mounting a condensing lens is formed between the condensing lens mounting hole and the camera light hole;
the main base open pore end is provided with hollow mount table, and the mount table other end and main base surface form the slot, install the mount table on the mount hole of mount table, install the focusing part on the mount table, the mounting hole and the mount table of collecting lens mounting hole, collecting lens light trap, slot and mount table constitute the printing opacity through-hole from bottom to top, make focusing part and collecting lens correspond the setting.
Furthermore, shading rubber mats are laid at the bottoms of the main base, the clamping base and the extension base (so as to prevent light of the flash lamp from leaking out of gaps and affecting the imaging effect).
Still further, a slide and a projection linear polarizer are inserted into the slot at the same time, and the projection linear polarizer is located above the slide.
Still further, the surface of the slide is printed with black stripes of equal width and equal spacing (after projection, structured light with specific spatial frequency can be generated; and by replacing the slide printed with stripes of different width and spacing, structured light with different spatial frequency can be generated).
Still further, an imaging linear polarizer is arranged in front of the camera light-transmitting hole (the polarization directions of the imaging linear polarizer and the projection linear polarizer are perpendicular to each other so as to eliminate direct reflected light on the surface of the tissue).
And the focusing component is a sleeve provided with a projection lens, the external thread of the sleeve is matched with the internal thread on the mounting seat (the projection lens is fixed in the sleeve by utilizing a thread pressing ring, the sleeve is arranged on the mounting seat by rotating the thread, so that the optical axes of the projection lens and the condensing lens are superposed, and the sleeve can rotate by taking the optical axis of the projection lens as an axis, thereby achieving the purpose of focusing.
Still further, the upper surface of the extension base is lower than the clamping seat.
The invention also provides a space frequency domain single snapshot imaging and data processing method, which comprises the following steps:
1) fixing an imaging device on the back of the mobile phone, enabling a condensing lens on the imaging device to be positioned in front of a flash lamp of the mobile phone, and enabling a camera light hole on the extension base to be positioned in front of a camera of the mobile phone;
2) inserting the slide and the projection linear polaroid into the slot, so that light emitted by a mobile phone flashlight passes through the slide and the projection linear polaroid in sequence after passing through the condenser lens;
3) turning on a mobile phone flash lamp in a dark environment, rotating a focusing component, adjusting the projection distance and the size of a projection area, and generating clear stripe-shaped modulated light; adjusting the brightness of the flash lamp according to the requirement;
4) placing the tissue body to be detected in a projection area, opening a camera of a mobile phone, and shooting a diffuse reflection illuminance distribution image of the tissue body to be detected;
5) uploading an image shot by a mobile phone to a computer, using MATLAB software to perform image data processing, identifying the inclination angle of the stripes in the image by Hough transformation, and rotating and correcting the image to enable the direction of the stripes to be parallel to the y-axis direction of the image; intercepting a region of interest (ROI) in the image as an image I (x, y) needing subsequent processing;
6) performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the I (x, y) to obtain F (n, m); respectively selecting two-dimensional rectangular band-pass windows WRect,bandpass(n, m) and a two-dimensional rectangular high-pass window WRect,highpass(n, m) filtering F (n, m); performing two-dimensional inverse Fourier transform on the filtering result to respectively obtain a demodulated Direct Current (DC) spectrum image and an Alternating Current (AC) spectrum image; wherein, the two-dimensional rectangular band-pass window WRect,bandpass(n, m) and a two-dimensional rectangular high-pass window WRect,highpassThe (n, m) functions are:
Figure BDA0003337884900000031
Figure BDA0003337884900000032
wherein f isxIs the spatial frequency of the spatially modulated light, in units: mm is-1
fcIs the cut-off frequency of the filter window, in units: mm is-1
fmaxIs the maximum frequency of F (n, m), in units: mm is-1
d is the ROI field size in units: mm;
n and m are coordinates of the spectrum image F (n, m);
WRect,bandpass(n, m) and WRect,highpass(n, m) are the two-dimensional rectangular band-pass window and rectangular high-pass window functions, respectively;
7) solving by adopting a conventional data processing method of space frequency domain imaging to obtain the absorption coefficient mu of each part of the tissue body to be detectedaAnd reduced scattering coefficient mu'sDistribution of (2).
As a preferable scheme, in the step 7), the specific solution method is as follows:
a. according to the optical parameter range of the tissue body to be measured, the absorption coefficient mu in the range is measured in advanceaAnd reduced scattering coefficient mu'sThe values are discretized and combined to obtain a plurality of sets of optical parameters (mu)a,μ’s);
b. Each set (μ) was calculated using Monte Carlo simulationsa,μ’s) Establishing a database according to the diffuse reflection value of the corresponding tissue body;
c. fitting the demodulated direct current spectrum image and the demodulated alternating current spectrum image obtained by demodulation in the step 6) with a model in a database to obtain the absorption coefficient mu of each part of the tissue body to be detectedaAnd reduced scattering coefficient mu's
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes the smart phone as a basis, utilizes the flash lamp of the mobile phone to irradiate the slide to generate the structured light with certain spatial frequency, and the camera of the mobile phone shoots the image, and adopts the single snapshot imaging algorithm, thereby greatly simplifying the imaging device and the steps, realizing the portability of the spatial frequency domain imaging, and being beneficial to the popularization and the application of the spatial frequency domain imaging technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a spatial frequency domain imaging apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a spatial frequency domain imaging device;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the main base and mounting block combination;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the main base and mounting block combination;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the cartridge and extension base combination;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the cartridge and elongated base combination;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a focusing assembly;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a focusing assembly;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a spatial frequency domain imaging device
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of spatial frequency domain single snapshot imaging and data processing
In the figure, a main base 1, a clamping groove 1.1, a condenser lens light-transmitting hole 1.2, a clamping seat 2, a condenser lens mounting hole 2.1, an extension base 3, a camera light-transmitting hole 3.1, a condenser lens 4, a mounting table 5, a slot 6, a mounting seat 7, a focusing component 8, a shading rubber pad 9, a slide 10, a projection linear polaroid 11, an imaging linear polaroid 12, a projection lens 13, a tissue body to be detected 14, a smart phone 15, a mobile phone flashlight 15.1 and a mobile phone camera 15.2.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples so as to be understood by those skilled in the art.
The space frequency domain single snapshot imaging device based on the smart phone as shown in fig. 1-3 comprises a combined base arranged on the back of the smart phone, wherein the combined base comprises a main base 1, an inverted U-shaped clamping groove 1.1 is formed in the bottom of the main base 1 in a hollow manner, a clamping seat 2 is clamped in the clamping groove 1.1 in a matched manner, a condensing lens mounting hole 2.1 is formed in an opening end of the clamping seat 2, an extension base 3 is arranged at the opening end of the clamping seat 2 in an extending manner, the upper surface of the extension base 3 is lower than that of the clamping seat 2, and shading rubber pads 9 are paved at the bottoms of the main base 1, the clamping seat 2 and the extension base 3;
the extension end of the extension base 3 is provided with a camera light hole 3.1, and an imaging linear polaroid 12 is arranged in front of the camera light hole 3.1;
the top surface of the main base 1 is provided with a condenser lens light-transmitting hole 1.2, when the card base 2 is clamped in the card slot 1.1 of the main base 1, the condenser lens light-transmitting hole 1.2 is positioned right above the condenser lens mounting hole 2.1, and a mounting cavity for mounting a condenser lens 4 is formed between the condenser lens light-transmitting hole 1.2 and the condenser lens mounting hole 2.1;
the hole opening end of the main base 1 is provided with a hollow mounting table 5, the other end of the mounting table 5 and the surface of the main base 1 form a slot 6, a slide 10 (and a projection linear polaroid 11 are inserted into the slot 6, and the projection linear polaroid 11 is positioned above the slide 10;
a mounting seat 7 is mounted on a mounting hole of the mounting table 5, a focusing component 8 is mounted on the mounting seat 7, and a light transmitting through hole is formed by the condenser lens mounting hole 2.1, the condenser lens light transmitting hole 1.2, the slot 6, the mounting hole of the mounting table 5 and the mounting seat 7 from bottom to top, so that the focusing component 8 and the condenser lens 4 are arranged correspondingly;
the focusing component 8 is a sleeve provided with a projection lens 13, the external thread of the sleeve is matched with the internal thread on the mounting seat 7, and the distance from the projection lens to the slide 10 is adjusted by rotating the focusing component 8, so that the projection distance and the size are adjusted.
The usage method of the space frequency domain single snapshot imaging device based on the smart phone as shown in fig. 4 comprises the following steps:
fixing the space frequency domain imaging device on the back of the smart phone 15 through a double-sided adhesive tape or a clamp; the light emitted by the mobile phone flash lamp 15.1 passes through the condensing lens, then irradiates the slide 10 printed with black stripes with equal width and equal spacing and the projection linear polaroid 11, and then passes through the projection lens 13 to form an illumination beam with specific spatial frequency, and then is projected on the tissue body 14 to be measured; taking a picture of an object by using a mobile phone camera 15.2; the demodulated image is obtained by an image processing program.
The spatial frequency domain single snapshot imaging and data processing method as shown in fig. 5 comprises the following steps:
1) fixing an imaging device on the back of the mobile phone, enabling a condensing lens 4 on the imaging device to be positioned in front of a flash lamp of the mobile phone, and enabling a camera light hole 3.1 on an extension base 3 to be positioned in front of a camera of the mobile phone;
2) inserting the slide 10 and the projection linear polaroid 11 into the slot 6, so that light emitted by a mobile phone flashlight passes through the slide 10 and the projection linear polaroid 11 in sequence after passing through the condensing lens 4;
3) turning on a mobile phone flash lamp in a darker environment, rotating a focusing component 8, adjusting the projection distance and the size of a projection area, and generating clear stripe-shaped modulated light; adjusting the brightness of the flash lamp according to the requirement;
4) placing the tissue body to be detected in a projection area, opening a camera of a mobile phone, and shooting a diffuse reflection illuminance distribution image of the tissue body to be detected;
5) uploading an image shot by a mobile phone to a computer, using MATLAB software to perform image data processing, identifying the inclination angle of the stripes in the image by Hough transformation, and rotating and correcting the image to enable the direction of the stripes to be parallel to the y-axis direction of the image; intercepting a region of interest (ROI) in the image as an image I (x, y) needing subsequent processing;
6) performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the I (x, y) to obtain F (n, m); respectively selecting two-dimensional rectangular band-pass windows WRect,bandpass(n, m) and a two-dimensional rectangular high-pass window WRect,highpass(n, m) filtering F (n, m); performing two-dimensional inverse Fourier transform on the filtering result to respectively obtain a demodulated direct current DC frequency spectrum image and an alternating current AC frequency spectrum image; wherein, the two-dimensional rectangular band-pass window WRect,bandpass(n, m) and a two-dimensional rectangular high-pass window WRect,highpassThe (n, m) functions are:
Figure BDA0003337884900000061
Figure BDA0003337884900000062
wherein f isxIs the spatial frequency of the spatially modulated light, in units: mm is-1
fcIs the cut-off frequency of the filter window, in units: mm is-1
fmaxIs the maximum frequency of F (n, m), in units: mm is-1
d is the ROI field size in units: mm;
n and m are coordinates of the spectrum image F (n, m);
WRect,bandpass(n, m) and WRect,highpass(n, m) are the two-dimensional rectangular band-pass window and rectangular high-pass window functions, respectively;
7) solving by adopting a conventional data processing method of space frequency domain imaging to obtain the absorption coefficient mu of each part of the tissue body to be detectedaAnd reduced scattering coefficient mu'sThe concrete method for solving the distribution is as follows:
a. according to the optical parameter range of the tissue body to be measured, the absorption coefficient mu in the range is measured in advanceaAnd reduced scattering coefficient mu'sThe values are discretized and combined to obtain a plurality of sets of optical parameters (mu)a,μ’s);
b. Each set (μ) was calculated using Monte Carlo simulationsa,μ’s) Establishing a database according to the diffuse reflection value of the corresponding tissue body;
c. fitting the demodulated direct current spectrum image and the demodulated alternating current spectrum image obtained by demodulation in the step 6) with a model in a database to obtain the absorption coefficient mu of each part of the tissue body to be detectedaAnd reduced scattering coefficient mu's
Other parts not described in detail are prior art. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a space frequency domain single snapshot image device based on smart mobile phone which characterized in that: the mobile phone combination base comprises a combination base arranged on the back face of a mobile phone, wherein the combination base comprises a main base (1), the bottom of the main base (1) is hollow to form an inverted U-shaped clamping groove (1.1), a clamping base (2) is clamped in the clamping groove (1.1) in a matched manner, a condensing lens mounting hole (2.1) is formed in the opening end of the clamping base (2), an extension base (3) is arranged in the opening end of the clamping base (2) in an extending manner, a camera light hole (3.1) is formed in the extension end of the extension base (3), a condensing lens light hole (1.2) is formed in the top face of the main base (1), and when the clamping base (2) is clamped in the clamping groove (1.1) of the main base (1), the condensing lens light hole (1.2) is positioned right above the condensing lens mounting hole (2.1), and a mounting cavity for mounting a condensing lens (4) is formed between the condensing lens mounting hole and the extension base;
main base (1) trompil end is provided with hollow mount table (5), and mount table (5) other end and main base (1) surface formation slot (6), install mount table (7) on the mounting hole of mount table (5), install focusing part (8) on mount table (7), the mounting hole and mount table (7) of condensing lens mounting hole (2.1), condensing lens light trap (1.2), slot (6) and mount table (5) constitute the printing opacity through-hole by supreme down, make focusing part (8) and condensing lens (4) correspond the setting.
2. The smartphone-based spatial frequency domain single-snapshot imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein: shading rubber mats (9) are laid at the bottoms of the main base (1), the clamping base (2) and the extension base (3).
3. The smartphone-based spatial frequency domain single-snapshot imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein: a slide (10) and a projection linear polaroid (11) are simultaneously inserted into the slot (6), and the projection linear polaroid (11) is positioned above the slide (10).
4. The smartphone-based spatial frequency domain single-snapshot imaging apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the surface of the slide (10) is printed with black stripes with equal width and equal spacing.
5. The smartphone-based spatial frequency domain single-snapshot imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein: an imaging linear polaroid (12) is arranged in front of the camera light hole (3.1).
6. The smartphone-based spatial frequency domain single-snapshot imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the focusing component (8) is a sleeve provided with a projection lens (13), and the external thread of the sleeve is matched with the internal thread on the mounting seat (7).
7. The smartphone-based spatial frequency domain single-snapshot imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of the extension base (3) is lower than the clamping seat (2).
8. A space frequency domain single snapshot imaging and data processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) fixing an imaging device on the back of the mobile phone, enabling a condensing lens on the imaging device to be positioned in front of a flash lamp of the mobile phone, and enabling a camera light hole on the extension base to be positioned in front of a camera of the mobile phone;
2) inserting the slide and the projection linear polaroid into the slot, so that light emitted by a mobile phone flashlight passes through the slide and the projection linear polaroid in sequence after passing through the condenser lens;
3) turning on a mobile phone flash lamp in a dark environment, rotating a focusing component, adjusting the projection distance and the size of a projection area, and generating clear stripe-shaped modulated light; adjusting the brightness of the flash lamp according to the requirement;
4) placing the tissue body to be detected in a projection area, opening a camera of a mobile phone, and shooting a diffuse reflection illuminance distribution image of the tissue body to be detected;
5) uploading an image shot by a mobile phone to a computer, using MATLAB software to perform image data processing, identifying the inclination angle of the stripes in the image by Hough transformation, and rotating and correcting the image to enable the direction of the stripes to be parallel to the y-axis direction of the image; intercepting a region of interest (ROI) in the image as an image I (x, y) needing subsequent processing;
6) performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the I (x, y) to obtain F (n, m); respectively selecting two-dimensional rectangular band-pass windows WRect,bandpass(n, m) and a two-dimensional rectangular high-pass window WRect,highpass(n, m) filtering F (n, m); performing two-dimensional inverse Fourier transform on the filtering result to respectively obtain a demodulated direct current frequency spectrum image and an alternating current frequency spectrum image; wherein, the two-dimensional rectangular band-pass window WRect,bandpass(n, m) and a two-dimensional rectangular high-pass window WRect,highpassThe (n, m) functions are:
Figure FDA0003337884890000021
Figure FDA0003337884890000022
wherein f isxIs the spatial frequency of the spatially modulated light, in units: mm is-1
fcIs the cut-off frequency of the filter window, in units: mm is-1
fmaxIs the maximum frequency of F (n, m), in units: mm is-1
d is the ROI field size in units: mm;
n and m are coordinates of the spectrum image F (n, m);
WRect,bandpass(n, m) and WRect,highpass(n, m) are the two-dimensional rectangular band-pass window and rectangular high-pass window functions, respectively;
7) solving by adopting a conventional data processing method of space frequency domain imaging to obtain the absorption coefficient mu of each part of the tissue body to be detectedaAnd reduced scattering coefficient mu'sDistribution of (2).
9. The spatial frequency domain imaging and data processing method according to claim 8, wherein in the step 7), the specific solution is as follows:
a. according to the optical parameter range of the tissue body to be measured, the absorption coefficient mu in the range is measured in advanceaAnd reduced scattering coefficient mu'sThe values are discretized and combined to obtain a plurality of sets of optical parameters (mu)a,μ’s);
b. Each set (μ) was calculated using Monte Carlo simulationsa,μ’s) Establishing a database according to the diffuse reflection value of the corresponding tissue body;
c. fitting the demodulated direct current spectrum image and the demodulated alternating current spectrum image obtained by demodulation in the step 6) with a model in a database to obtain the absorption coefficient mu of each part of the tissue body to be detectedaAnd reduced scattering coefficient mu's
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