CN114172131B - Distribution line lightning stroke section fault evaluation method and system - Google Patents
Distribution line lightning stroke section fault evaluation method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114172131B CN114172131B CN202111510030.3A CN202111510030A CN114172131B CN 114172131 B CN114172131 B CN 114172131B CN 202111510030 A CN202111510030 A CN 202111510030A CN 114172131 B CN114172131 B CN 114172131B
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- 208000025274 Lightning injury Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010042255 Struck by lightning Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003909 pattern recognition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a distribution line lightning stroke section fault evaluation method and a distribution line lightning stroke section fault evaluation system, comprising the following steps: s1, a fault collector acquires lightning stroke fault information of a distribution line and sends the lightning stroke fault information to a fault evaluation system; s2, the fault evaluation system carries out lightning fault mode identification on the line lightning fault information; s3, respectively calculating the failure rate of the lightning stroke failure mode, and carrying out lightning grade assessment on the lightning stroke section according to the total failure rate of the lightning stroke. According to the data fed back by each lightning test point of the distribution line, lightning fault analysis is carried out, the type of the lightning fault is determined, the root cause of the lightning fault is caused by deep analysis, lightning grade assessment is carried out on the distribution line, corresponding coping strategies are formulated according to different lightning grades, and predictability and standardability of the lightning fault of the distribution network are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distribution line fault evaluation, in particular to a distribution line lightning stroke section fault evaluation method and system.
Background
How to effectively evaluate the lightning faults of the distribution line, analyze the lightning faults, and accordingly pertinently formulate a lightning fault coping strategy, and further improve the lightning protection transformation effect is a problem which is highly valued by power grid operators all the time. In recent years, the severe lightning trip of overhead distribution lines is caused, so that a plurality of lines are listed as objects to be subjected to lightning protection transformation by operation units of the lines every year. In the past, aiming at the lightning protection of a distribution line, the protection of a lightning stroke fault pole tower and the proposal of lightning protection measures are paid more attention to, and the research on the whole lightning protection strategy of the line is less, so when the line with the lightning stroke tripping rate exceeding the design standard in the actual operation is improved, the lightning distribution characteristics of a distribution line corridor and the lightning protection performance of each level of pole tower cannot be easily mastered, the risk level of lightning stroke flashover of each level of pole tower and factors for determining the risk cannot be clearly determined, and generally, the improvement scheme can only be determined according to the trip record operation experience of the past year. Therefore, the fault rate of the lightning area is accurately calculated, the root cause of the lightning fault is caused by deep analysis, and the method has guiding significance for preventing the lightning fault of the distribution line and the lightning coping strategy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a distribution line lightning stroke section fault evaluation method and system; according to the data fed back by each lightning test point of the distribution line, lightning fault analysis is carried out, the type of the lightning fault is determined, the root cause of the lightning fault is caused by deep analysis, lightning grade assessment is carried out on the distribution line, corresponding coping strategies are formulated according to different lightning grades, and predictability and standardability of the lightning fault of the distribution network are achieved.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is that the distribution line lightning stroke section fault assessment method comprises the following steps:
s1, a fault collector acquires lightning stroke fault information of a distribution line and sends the lightning stroke fault information to a fault evaluation system;
s2, the fault evaluation system carries out lightning fault mode identification on the line lightning fault information;
s3, respectively calculating the failure rate of the lightning stroke failure mode, and carrying out lightning grade assessment on the lightning stroke section according to the total failure rate of the lightning stroke.
Preferably, the lightning fault modes include a direct lightning tripping fault mode and an inductive lightning tripping fault mode, and the direct lightning tripping fault mode has a direct lightning tripping fault rate of n d The inductive fault rate of the inductive lightning tripping fault mode is n in The calculation formula of the lightning stroke total fault rate n is as follows:
n＝n d +n in
wherein the direct impact failure rate is n d Counterattack trip rate n for lightning striking the tower 1 And the direct impact trip rate n caused by lightning strike of the wire 2 And (3) summing.
Preferably, the reaction trip rate n 1 The calculation formula is as follows:
n 1 ＝N 1 [(P 1，2 -P 1，2，3 )+P 1，2，3 (2-η 1，2 )]η 1，2
wherein N is 1 -number of lightning strikes to the tower; p (P) 1，2 、P 1，2，3 -probability of lightning current amplitude at flashover of two phases and three phases, respectively; when no ground wire exists, the probability that lightning hits the wire in the tower and the gear is regarded as the same, and then:
N 1 ＝N 2 ＝0.5N
when a single ground wire is used, the probability calculation formula of lightning striking the wire in the tower and the gear is as follows:
N 1 ＝0.25N，N 2 ＝0.75N
wherein N is 2 -number of wires in the lightning stroke file; n-the total number of lightning strokes;
the calculation formula of the total annual lightning stroke times N of the unit line length is as follows:
wherein N is g The ground flash density, h is the tower height; b is the structural width of the tower.
Preferably, the lightning current amplitude probability calculation formula is:
when striking the tower to cause the surge voltage U im(t) And the working voltage u on the wire op(φ) The sum reaches the line insulation discharge voltage U Put and put When one half of the phase is flashover;
the probability of short circuit after two-phase insulation impact flashover on the insulator string and the insulation cross arm is as follows:
in U N Is the nominal voltage of the system, l dis Is the total length of the discharge path between the two phase wires;
for three-phase flashover, the probability calculation formula for causing the power frequency current short circuit is as follows:
η 1，2，3 ＝η 1，2 (2-η 1，2 )。
preferably, the direct-strike trip rate n caused by lightning striking the wire 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
n 2 ＝N 2 [(P' 1,2 -P' 1,2,3 )+P' 1,2,3 (2-η 1，2 )]η 1，2
wherein N is 2 -lightning strike in-gear conductorThe number of times;
P' 1,2 、P' 1,2,3 -probability of lightning current amplitude at flashover of two phases and three phases, respectively.
As a preferred alternative to this,
the inductive fault rate of the inductive lightning tripping fault mode is n in The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein y is max,i The maximum distance between the lightning stroke point in the interval i and the flashover of the lead is the maximum distance; y is min,i The critical distance of the lightning strike wire is the interval i; n (N) g Is ground flash density; p (P) i For the amplitude I of the lightning current m M is the probability distribution of the lightning current amplitude I m The number of intervals divided by the value range of (2); i.epsilon.M.
Preferably, the lightning current amplitude I m Probability distribution P of (2) i The calculation formula is as follows:
P i ＝P(I m ∈[i,i+1])＝P(I m ≥I i )-P(I m ≥I i+1 )
wherein,
wherein r is s,i For the striking distance of lightning to the wire, the IEEE standard recommended formula is adopted for calculation:wherein I is m,i Lightning current amplitude for interval i;
r g,i for the strike distance of lightning to the earth, the IEEE standard recommended formula is adopted for calculation: r is (r) g,i ＝K g r s,i ；K g =0.36+0.17 ln (43-h); h is distribution lineIs a length of (2);
wherein K is 1 For the co-ordination coefficient, K 2 Is an induced overvoltage coefficient.
Preferably, lightning grade evaluation is carried out on the lightning stroke section according to the total failure rate of the lightning stroke; setting the failure rate greater than 50% as a lightning stroke high-risk area according to the historical record value of the failure rate of the motor; the failure rate is greater than 50 percent in the areas with high risk of lightning stroke; the failure rate is between 5% and 50% which is a lightning stroke risk area; failure rate less than 5% is lightning strike low risk area; and judging the lightning-strike fault risk degree of the distribution line according to the fault rate interval in which the lightning-strike total fault rate n falls.
The lightning stroke section fault evaluation system of the distribution line comprises fault collectors arranged at all lightning nodes to be tested of the distribution line, a data acquisition module which is interacted with the fault collectors, a lightning fault pattern recognition module and a fault evaluation module, wherein calculation formulas aiming at various lightning fault types are stored in the fault evaluation module, and the lightning stroke fault risk degree of the distribution line is judged according to a fault rate interval in which the calculated lightning stroke total fault rate n falls; the lightning fault mode identification module user analyzes the acquired fault of the fault collector, and judges the type of the lightning fault according to the position of the represented fault point of the fault collector.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the lightning stroke section fault evaluation method and system of the distribution line, lightning fault analysis is carried out according to data fed back by each lightning test point of the distribution line, the type of the lightning fault is determined, the root cause of the lightning fault is caused by deep analysis, lightning grade evaluation is carried out on the distribution line, corresponding coping strategies are formulated according to different lightning grades, and predictability and standability of the lightning fault of the distribution line are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a distribution line lightning strike zone fault assessment method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it being understood that the detailed description herein is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is intended to illustrate the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the invention, as all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort fall within the scope of the present invention.
Examples:
as shown in fig. 1, the distribution line lightning strike section fault evaluation method comprises the following steps:
s1, a fault collector acquires lightning stroke fault information of a distribution line and sends the lightning stroke fault information to a fault evaluation system;
s2, the fault evaluation system carries out lightning fault mode identification on the line lightning fault information;
s3, respectively calculating the failure rate of the lightning stroke failure mode, and carrying out lightning grade assessment on the lightning stroke section according to the total failure rate of the lightning stroke.
The lightning fault modes comprise a direct lightning tripping fault mode and an inductive lightning tripping fault mode, wherein the direct lightning tripping fault mode has a direct lightning tripping fault rate of n d The inductive fault rate of the inductive lightning tripping fault mode is n in The calculation formula of the lightning stroke total fault rate n is as follows:
n＝n d +n in
wherein the direct impact failure rate is n d Counterattack trip rate n for lightning striking the tower 1 And the direct impact trip rate n caused by lightning strike of the wire 2 And (3) summing.
Counterattack trip rate n 1 The calculation formula is as follows:
n 1 ＝N 1 [(P 1，2 -P 1，2，3 )+P 1，2，3 (2-η 1，2 )]η 1，2
wherein N is 1 -number of lightning strikes to the tower; p (P) 1，2 、P 1，2，3 Corresponding to two-phase and three-phase flash respectivelyProbability of amplitude of lightning current at time of winding; when no ground wire exists, the probability that lightning hits the wire in the tower and the gear is regarded as the same, and then:
N 1 ＝N 2 ＝0.5N
when a single ground wire is used, the probability calculation formula of lightning striking the wire in the tower and the gear is as follows:
N 1 ＝0.25N，N 2 ＝0.75N
wherein N is 2 -number of wires in the lightning stroke file; n-the total number of lightning strokes;
the calculation formula of the total annual lightning stroke times N of the unit line length is as follows:
wherein N is g The ground flash density, h is the tower height; b is the structural width of the tower.
The probability calculation formula of the lightning current amplitude is as follows:
when striking the tower to cause the surge voltage U im(t) And the working voltage u on the wire op(φ) The sum reaches the line insulation discharge voltage U Put and put When one half of the phase is flashover;
the probability of short circuit after two-phase insulation impact flashover on the insulator string and the insulation cross arm is as follows:
in U N Is the nominal voltage of the system, l dis Is the total length of the discharge path between the two phase wires;
for three-phase flashover, the probability calculation formula for causing the power frequency current short circuit is as follows:
η 1，2，3 ＝η 1，2 (2-η 1，2 )。
direct impact trip rate n caused by lightning strike of wire 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
n 2 ＝N 2 [(P' 1,2 -P' 1,2,3 )+P' 1,2,3 (2-η 1，2 )]η 1，2
wherein N is 2 -number of wires in the lightning stroke file;
P' 1,2 、P' 1,2,3 -probability of lightning current amplitude at flashover of two phases and three phases, respectively.
One embodiment is: taking a P-15 insulator as an example, the lightning strike density is taken 5 times/(km) 2 A); the direct lightning strike and counterattack tripping rates of the lightning current of the single-circuit, double-circuit and four-circuit distribution lines are calculated according to the lightning fault modes respectively, and the influences of the installation modes of the lightning protection line and different lightning arresters on the direct lightning strike tripping rates are shown in the table 1 and the table 2.
TABLE 1 direct impact failure rate calculation results are shown in Table 1
TABLE 2 direct impact failure rate calculation results Table II
From tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that: under the condition of no lightning arrester and no lightning conductor, the tripping rate can be reduced by additionally installing a single-phase lightning arrester and erecting a single lightning conductor, and the effect of additionally installing the lightning arrester is better than that of erecting the lightning conductor; the other measure is added under the condition that one of the single-phase lightning arrester and the single lightning conductor is arranged, so that the effect of reducing the tripping rate is not great; compared with the two groups of the lightning arresters, the two groups of lightning arresters are arranged on the other groups of lightning arresters, so that the tripping rate is slightly reduced, but the effect difference is not great; compared with the case of no-installation, single-phase installation, one-base installation and two-base installation, the full-phase full-line installation of the lightning arrester can greatly reduce the tripping rate.
The inductive fault rate of the inductive lightning tripping fault mode is n in The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein y is max,i The maximum distance between the lightning stroke point in the interval i and the flashover of the lead is the maximum distance; y is min,i The critical distance of the lightning strike wire is the interval i; n (N) g Is ground flash density; p (P) i For the amplitude I of the lightning current m M is the probability distribution of the lightning current amplitude I m The number of intervals divided by the value range of (2); i.epsilon.M.
Lightning current amplitude I m Probability distribution P of (2) i The calculation formula is as follows:
P i ＝P(I m ∈[i,i+1])＝P(I m ≥I i )-P(I m ≥I i+1 )
wherein,
wherein r is s,i For the striking distance of lightning to the wire, the IEEE standard recommended formula is adopted for calculation:wherein I is m,i Lightning current amplitude for interval i;
r g,i for the strike distance of lightning to the earth, the IEEE standard recommended formula is adopted for calculation: r is (r) g,i ＝K g r s,i ；K g =0.36+0.17 ln (43-h); h is the length of the distribution line;
wherein K is 1 For the co-ordination coefficient, K 2 Is an induced overvoltage coefficient.
Carrying out lightning grade evaluation on the lightning stroke section according to the total fault rate of the lightning stroke; setting the failure rate greater than 50% as a lightning stroke high-risk area according to the historical record value of the failure rate of the motor; the failure rate is greater than 50 percent in the areas with high risk of lightning stroke; the failure rate is between 5% and 50% which is a lightning stroke risk area; failure rate less than 5% is lightning strike low risk area; and judging the lightning-strike fault risk degree of the distribution line according to the fault rate interval in which the lightning-strike total fault rate n falls.
The lightning stroke section fault evaluation system of the distribution line comprises fault collectors arranged at all lightning nodes to be tested of the distribution line, a data acquisition module which is interacted with the fault collectors, a lightning fault pattern recognition module and a fault evaluation module, wherein calculation formulas aiming at various lightning fault types are stored in the fault evaluation module, and the lightning stroke fault risk degree of the distribution line is judged according to a fault rate interval in which the calculated lightning stroke total fault rate n falls; the lightning fault mode identification module user analyzes the acquired fault of the fault collector, and judges the type of the lightning fault according to the position of the represented fault point of the fault collector.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the method and system for evaluating a lightning strike section of a distribution line according to the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which includes but is not limited to the embodiments, and equivalent changes in shape and structure according to the present invention are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The power distribution line lightning stroke section fault evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, a fault collector acquires lightning stroke fault information of a distribution line and sends the lightning stroke fault information to a fault evaluation system;
s2, the fault evaluation system carries out lightning fault mode identification on the line lightning fault information;
s3, respectively calculating the failure rate of the lightning stroke failure mode, and carrying out lightning grade evaluation on the lightning stroke section according to the total failure rate of the lightning stroke;
the lightning fault modes comprise a direct lightning tripping fault mode and an induced lightning tripping fault mode, and the direct lightning tripping fault rate of the direct lightning tripping fault mode is n d The inductive fault rate of the inductive lightning tripping fault mode is n in The calculation formula of the lightning stroke total fault rate n is as follows:
n＝n d +n in
wherein the direct impact failure rate is n d Counterattack trip rate n for lightning striking the tower 1 And the direct impact trip rate n caused by lightning strike of the wire 2 And (3) summing;
counterattack trip rate n 1 The calculation formula is as follows:
n 1 ＝N 1 [(P 1，2 -P 1，2，3 )+P 1，2，3 (2-η 1，2 )]η 1，2
wherein N is 1 -number of lightning strikes to the tower; p (P) 1，2 、P 1，2，3 -probability of lightning current amplitude at flashover of two phases and three phases, respectively; η (eta) 1，2 Is the probability of short circuit after two-phase insulation impact flashover;
when no ground wire exists, the probability that lightning hits the wire in the tower and the gear is regarded as the same, and then:
N 1 ＝N 2 ＝0.5N
when a single ground wire is used, the probability calculation formula of lightning striking the wire in the tower and the gear is as follows:
N 1 ＝0.25N，N 2 ＝0.75N
wherein N is 2 -number of wires in the lightning stroke file; n-the total number of lightning strokes;
the calculation formula of the total annual lightning stroke times N of the unit line length is as follows:
wherein N is g The ground flash density, h is the tower height; b is the structural width of the pole tower;
direct impact trip rate n caused by lightning strike of wire 2 The calculation formula is as follows:
n 2 ＝N 2 [(P′ 1,2 -P′ 1,2,3 )+P′ 1,2,3 (2-η 1，2 )]η 1，2
wherein N is 2 -number of wires in the lightning stroke file;
P′ 1,2 、P′ 1,2,3 -probability of lightning current amplitude at flashover of two phases and three phases, respectively;
the inductive fault rate of the inductive lightning tripping fault mode is n in The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein y is max,i The maximum distance between the lightning stroke point in the interval i and the flashover of the lead is the maximum distance; y is min,i The critical distance of the lightning strike wire is the interval i; n (N) g Is ground flash density; p (P) i For the amplitude I of the lightning current m M is the probability distribution of the lightning current amplitude I m The number of intervals divided by the value range of (2); i.epsilon.M.
2. The method for evaluating a fault in a lightning strike zone of a distribution line according to claim 1, wherein,
the probability calculation formula of the lightning current amplitude is as follows:
when striking the tower to cause the surge voltage U im(t) And the working voltage u on the wire op(φ) The sum reaches the line insulation discharge voltage U Put and put When one half of the phase is flashover;
the probability of short circuit after two-phase insulation impact flashover on the insulator string and the insulation cross arm is as follows:
in U N Is the nominal voltage of the system, l dis Is the total length of the discharge path between the two phase wires;
for three-phase flashover, the probability calculation formula for causing the power frequency current short circuit is as follows:
η 1，2，3 ＝η 1，2 (2-η 1，2 )。
3. the method for evaluating a fault in a lightning strike zone of a distribution line according to claim 1, wherein,
lightning current amplitude I m Probability distribution P of (2) i The calculation formula is as follows:
P i ＝P(I m ∈[i,i+1])＝P(I m ≥I i )-P(I m ≥I i+1 )
wherein,
wherein r is s,i For the striking distance of lightning to the wire, the IEEE standard recommended formula is adopted for calculation:wherein I is m,i Lightning current amplitude for interval i;
r g,i for the strike distance of lightning to the earth, the IEEE standard recommended formula is adopted for calculation: r is (r) g,i ＝K g r s,i ；K g =0.36+0.17 ln (43-h); h is the length of the distribution line;
wherein K is 1 For the co-ordination coefficient, K 2 Is an induced overvoltage coefficient.
4. The method for evaluating a lightning strike section of a distribution line according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
carrying out lightning grade evaluation on the lightning stroke section according to the total fault rate of the lightning stroke; setting the failure rate greater than 50% as a lightning stroke high-risk area according to the historical record value of the failure rate of the motor; the failure rate is greater than 50 percent in the areas with high risk of lightning stroke; the failure rate is between 5% and 50% which is a lightning stroke risk area; failure rate less than 5% is lightning strike low risk area; and judging the lightning-strike fault risk degree of the distribution line according to the fault rate interval in which the lightning-strike total fault rate n falls.
5. The lightning stroke section fault evaluation system of the distribution line is characterized by comprising fault collectors arranged at all lightning nodes to be tested of the distribution line, a data acquisition module which is interacted with the fault collectors, a lightning fault mode identification module and a fault evaluation module, wherein calculation formulas aiming at various lightning fault types are stored in the fault evaluation module, and the lightning stroke fault risk degree of the distribution line is judged according to a fault rate interval in which the calculated lightning stroke total fault rate n falls; the lightning fault mode identification module user analyzes the acquired fault of the fault collector, and judges the type of the lightning fault according to the position of the represented fault point of the fault collector.
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