CN114171920A - Antenna adjustment system based on low temperature spiral resonator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna adjusting system based on a low-temperature spiral resonator, which comprises: vacuum box, spiral resonator, radio frequency load, heat conducting piece, mechanical spiral feed-through. The vacuum box has an inner cavity. The spiral resonator is arranged in the inner cavity of the vacuum box and comprises a resonator body, a transmitting antenna arranged on the resonator body and a receiving antenna arranged on the resonator body. The transmitting antenna is movably connected with the resonator body; the transmitting antenna is connected with an alternating power line. The heat conducting piece extends into the inner cavity of the vacuum box from the outside of the vacuum box and is connected with the spiral resonator and the radio frequency load. The inner rotating shaft is in transmission connection with a conversion mechanism, and the transmitting antenna is arranged on the conversion mechanism; the conversion mechanism can drive the transmitting antenna to relatively approach or keep away from the receiving antenna when linked by the inner rotating shaft. The power supply impedance and the load impedance can be matched under the vacuum environment without damaging the low temperature, the vacuum device cannot be damaged in the adjusting process, and the adjusting precision is high.

Description

Antenna adjustment system based on low temperature spiral resonator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of resonators, in particular to an antenna adjusting system based on a low-temperature spiral resonator.

Background

For a normally working radio frequency load, in order to prevent the device from being damaged due to reflection of radio frequency signals, an impedance matching device needs to be added to match the load impedance with the power supply impedance. In a room temperature environment, the method is very easy to realize, and the load impedance can be matched with the power supply impedance only by calculating the matched impedance requirement and then manufacturing a corresponding matching device to be connected in front of the load.

Either a conventional spiral resonator or a PCB integrated resonator can be tuned at room temperature to match the load impedance to the power supply impedance. However, some types of rf loads perform better when operating in a low temperature vacuum environment. However, when the rf load is placed in a low-temperature vacuum environment to work, the load impedance may change due to the change in conductivity and the shrinkage of the material caused by the low temperature, which is not easily predicted quantitatively; this results in a good impedance match at room temperature, which needs to be readjusted according to the actual situation when working in a low temperature vacuum environment.

If the impedance needs to be matched again, the low-temperature vacuum environment is often required to be restored to the room-temperature environment of the natural atmospheric pressure, and the low-temperature vacuum environment is reconstructed after adjustment. This is very time consuming in practice, reducing the efficiency of operation and with a high probability compromising the hermeticity of the vacuum device.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an antenna adjusting system based on a low-temperature spiral resonator, which can match the power supply impedance with the load impedance under the vacuum environment without damaging the low temperature, does not damage a vacuum device in the adjusting process, and has high adjusting precision.

The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

a cryogenic spiral resonator based antenna conditioning system comprising:

a vacuum box having an inner cavity;

the spiral resonator is arranged in the inner cavity of the vacuum box and comprises a resonator body, a transmitting antenna arranged on the resonator body and a receiving antenna arranged on the resonator body; the transmitting antenna is movably connected with the resonator body so as to adjust the relative distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna; the transmitting antenna is connected with an alternating power line, and a power supply end of the alternating power line penetrates out of the vacuum box;

the radio frequency load is connected with the receiving antenna; the radio frequency load is arranged in the inner cavity of the vacuum box; the radio frequency load is connected with a direct current power line; the power supply end of the direct current power line penetrates out of the vacuum box;

the heat conducting piece extends into the inner cavity of the vacuum box from the outside of the vacuum box, the part of the heat conducting piece, which is positioned outside the vacuum box, is used for being connected with an external cold source, and the part of the heat conducting piece, which is positioned inside the vacuum box, is connected with the spiral resonator and the radio frequency load in a heat conducting manner;

the mechanical spiral feed-through is arranged in the vacuum box, an inner rotating shaft of the mechanical spiral feed-through is positioned in the vacuum box, the inner rotating shaft is in transmission connection with a conversion mechanism, and the transmitting antenna is arranged on the conversion mechanism; the conversion mechanism can drive the transmitting antenna to relatively approach or keep away from the receiving antenna when the conversion mechanism is linked by the inner rotating shaft.

Further, the vacuum box also has an outer cavity surrounding the periphery of the inner cavity and spaced from the inner cavity by a thermal insulation layer.

Further, the heat insulation layer is made of copper materials.

Furthermore, the part of the vacuum box surrounding the outer cavity is made of stainless steel or aluminum materials.

Further, the thermal insulation layer has a vent hole to communicate the inner chamber with the outer chamber.

Further, the mechanical screw feed-through is in sealing connection with the vacuum box through a first flange.

Further, the alternating power line is hermetically connected with the vacuum box through a second flange.

Further, the direct current power line is hermetically connected with the vacuum box through a third flange.

Further, the conversion mechanism includes a sleeve having an internal thread; the resonator body is provided with a non-circular guide hole, and the sleeve is movably inserted into the non-circular guide hole; the inner rotating shaft is provided with an external thread and is inserted into the non-circular guide hole, so that the external thread is matched with the internal thread; the transmitting antenna or the receiving antenna is mounted to the sleeve.

Further, the heat conducting member includes a plurality of pipe bodies arranged at intervals, the spiral resonator is connected with the plurality of pipe bodies in a heat conducting manner, and the radio frequency load is connected with the plurality of pipe bodies in a heat conducting manner.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the combination of the mechanical spiral feed-through and the conversion mechanism is utilized, so that the impedance value of the mechanical spiral feed-through can be adjusted under the condition of not damaging a low-temperature vacuum environment and not introducing thermal radiation interference, and the impedance of the radio frequency load is matched with the impedance of an alternating power supply line.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna adjustment system based on a low-temperature spiral resonator according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. a vacuum box; 11. an inner cavity; 12. an outer cavity; 2. a spiral resonator; 21. a resonator body; 211. a non-circular pilot hole; 22. a transmitting antenna; 23. a receiving antenna; 24. an alternating power supply line; 3. a radio frequency load; 31. a DC power line; 4. a heat conductive member; 41. a pipe body; 42. a heat conductor; 5. a cold source; 6. a mechanical screw feedthrough; 61. an inner rotating shaft; 611. an external thread; 7. a conversion mechanism; 71. a sleeve; 711. an internal thread; 8. a thermal insulation layer; 91. a first flange; 92. a second flange; 93. and a third flange.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present. As used herein, "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions are for purposes of illustration only and do not represent the only embodiments.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Fig. 1-2 show an antenna tuning system based on a low-temperature spiral resonator 2 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which includes a vacuum chamber 1, a spiral resonator 2, an rf load 3, a thermal conductor 4, a heat sink 5, and a mechanical spiral feed-through 6.

The vacuum box 1 has an inner chamber 11 and an outer chamber 12, the outer chamber 12 surrounding the periphery of the inner chamber 11 and being spaced from the inner chamber 11 by a thermally insulating layer 8. The outer chamber 12 is provided to prevent heat radiation outside the vacuum chamber 1 from being transferred to the inner chamber 11, thereby enabling the inner chamber 11 to be maintained at a low or ultra-low temperature as much as possible by the cold source 5. That is, the addition of the outer chamber 12 is a preferred arrangement, not the only one. Thus, in the case of not adding the outer cavity 12, the inner cavity 11 will be the only cavity of the vacuum box 1 for easily accommodating other components; of course, in this embodiment, part of the circuit or component is accommodated in the outer chamber 12 when passing through the outer chamber 12 from the vacuum box 1 to the inner chamber 11.

The spiral resonator 2 is provided in the inner chamber 11 of the vacuum chamber 1, and the spiral resonator 2 includes a resonator body 21, a transmitting antenna 22 provided in the resonator body 21, and a receiving antenna 23 provided in the resonator body 21. It will be appreciated that the spiral resonator 2 is mounted within the inner cavity 11 (based on the fact that the rf load 3 is preferably capable of being at vacuum and ultra-low temperatures, i.e., the spiral resonator 2 must be positioned either within the inner cavity 11 or the outer cavity 12 to be able to act on the rf load 3). The transmitting antenna 22 is movably connected with the resonator body 21 so as to adjust the relative distance between the transmitting antenna 22 and the receiving antenna 23, i.e. provide a basic condition for adjusting the distance between the transmitting antenna 22 and the receiving antenna 23. The transmitting antenna 22 is connected with an alternating power line 24, and the power supply end of the alternating power line 24 penetrates out of the vacuum box 1 to be connected with an alternating power supply; the radio frequency load 3 is necessarily connected to the receiving antenna 23. Thus, under the action of the current of the alternating power line 24, according to the working principle of the existing spiral resonator 2, when the transmitting antenna 22 is introduced with the alternating current, the receiving antenna 23 can induce the current to provide the alternating current for the radio frequency load 3, so that the components of the radio frequency load 3 which need to be connected with the alternating current work. Synchronously, the technical problem of mismatch between the load impedance and the power supply impedance also arises. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the transmitting antenna 22 and the receiving antenna 23 in the inner cavity 11 at a low temperature and in a near vacuum state without interference, so as to change the coupling degree of the transmitting antenna 22 and the receiving antenna 23, thereby improving the impedance value of the spiral resonator 2, i.e., to match the impedance value of the alternating power supply line 24 in a low temperature and vacuum environment with the impedance value of the radio frequency load 3.

According to the above description, in order to improve the performance of the rf load 3, the rf load 3 is disposed in the inner cavity 11 of the vacuum chamber 1, so as to improve the performance of the vacuum chamber. The radio frequency load 3 is connected with a direct current power line 31, and a power supply end of the direct current power line 31 penetrates out of the vacuum box 1 to be connected with a direct current power supply; thus, the dc power line 31 not only enables components of the rf load 3 that need to be connected with a linear current to operate, but also protects the components by dc bias.

The heat conducting piece 4 extends into the inner cavity 11 of the vacuum box 1 from the outside of the vacuum box 1, the part, located outside the vacuum box 1, of the heat conducting piece 4 is used for being connected with the cold source 5, and the part, located inside the vacuum box 1, of the heat conducting piece 4 is connected with the spiral resonator 2 and the radio frequency load 3 in a heat conducting mode. Therefore, the heat conducting piece 4 transfers the heat of the spiral resonator 2 and the radio frequency load 3 to the cold source 5 in a physical contact mode, so that the spiral resonator 2 and the radio frequency load 3 are in a low-temperature state to meet the requirement of working performance.

Importantly, the mechanical screw feed-through 6 is installed in the vacuum box 1, and the inner rotating shaft 61 of the mechanical screw feed-through 6 is located in the vacuum box 1, so that the environment of the inner rotating shaft 61, the environment of the screw resonator 2 and the environment of the radio frequency load 3 are the same, and the adjusting process is not influenced by the external temperature. The inner rotating shaft 61 is connected with a conversion mechanism 7 in a transmission way, and the transmitting antenna 22 is arranged on the conversion mechanism 7; the conversion mechanism 7 can drive the transmitting antenna 22 to approach or depart from the receiving antenna 23 when linked by the inner rotating shaft 61. According to the working principle of the mechanical spiral feed-through 6, the outer rotating shaft acts on the inner rotating shaft 61 through the magnetic fluid, and the magnetic fluid is not influenced by the temperature, so that the temperature of the inner cavity 11 cannot rise when the magnetic fluid drives the inner rotating shaft 61 to rotate. Then, the conversion mechanism 7 converts the rotational motion of the inner rotating shaft 61 into a linear motion, so as to drive the transmitting antenna 22 to relatively approach or separate from the receiving antenna 23. Thus, by using the combination of the mechanical screw feedthrough 6 and the conversion mechanism 7, the impedance value of the mechanical screw feedthrough 6 can be adjusted without destroying the low-temperature vacuum environment and without introducing thermal radiation interference, so that the impedance of the radio frequency load 3 matches the impedance of the alternating power supply line 24.

The working principle is as follows: the alternating power supply supplies power to the alternating power supply line 24, and the current flows in the direction of the alternating power supply → the alternating power supply line 24 → the transmitting antenna 22 → induced current is formed → the receiving antenna 23 → the radio frequency load 3. The dc power supply supplies power to the dc power line 31, and the current direction is dc power → dc power line 31 → rf load 3. Based on this, when the adjustment is needed to match the impedance of the alternating power source with the impedance of the radio frequency load 3, the conversion mechanism 7 is linked to output a linear motion through the rotation motion of the inner rotating shaft 61 of the mechanical spiral feed-through 6, so that the transmitting antenna 22 installed on the conversion mechanism 7 is close to or away from the receiving antenna 23 (similarly, the receiving antenna 23 may be installed on the conversion mechanism 7, and the transmitting antenna 22 is in a static state relative to the vacuum box 1, as long as the relative close to or relative away from the two is realized), so as to change the impedance of the spiral resonator 2, and finally, the impedance of the alternating power source is matched with the impedance of the radio frequency load 3.

Wherein, in order to better obstruct the heat radiation of the external environment, the heat insulation layer 8 is made of copper material. And the part of the vacuum box 1 surrounding the outer cavity 12 is made of stainless steel or aluminum materials.

In order to simultaneously complete the inner cavity 11 and the outer cavity 12 in one vacuum pumping, the heat insulation layer 8 preferably has a vent hole to communicate the inner cavity 11 and the outer cavity 12. That is, the inner chamber 11 and the outer chamber 12 may be isolated from each other, but need to be separately evacuated.

Wherein the mechanical screw feedthrough 6 is sealingly connected to the vacuum box 1 via a first flange 91.

Wherein the alternating power line 24 is hermetically connected with the vacuum box 1 through a second flange 92.

The dc power line 31 is hermetically connected to the vacuum box 1 through a third flange 93.

Preferably, the conversion mechanism 7 comprises a sleeve 71, the sleeve 71 having an internal thread 711; the resonator body 21 is provided with a non-circular guide hole 211, and the sleeve 71 is movably inserted into the non-circular guide hole 211. The inner rotary shaft 61 has an external thread 611 and is inserted into the non-circular guide hole 211 such that the external thread 611 is engaged with the internal thread 711. The transmitting antenna 22 or the receiving antenna 23 is mounted to the sleeve 71. As described above, when the inner rotating shaft 61 rotates, the sleeve 71 cannot rotate in the non-circular guide hole 211, and moves along the axial direction of the non-circular guide hole 211 in an inverted manner, so that the transmitting antenna 22 or the receiving antenna 23 is interlocked, and the transmitting antenna 22 and the receiving antenna 23 approach to each other or move away from each other. In the present embodiment, it is apparent that the transmitting antenna 22 is mounted on the sleeve 71, and the receiving antenna 23 is mounted on the resonator body 21. It should be added that, as an alternative, there are many alternative arrangements of the conversion structure, for example, by installing a first gear on the inner rotating shaft 61, and then the first gear is linked with the rack through a gear set to move, and then linked with the transmitting antenna 22 through the rack. Based on the alternative incompletion, expansion is not performed here.

Preferably, the inner chamber 11 and the outer chamber 12 are close to vacuum, i.e. the heat conducting fluid medium in the vacuum box 1 is thin. But may still conduct thermal radiation. Therefore, in order to make the cooling effect of the heat conducting member 4 higher, the heat conducting member 4 includes a plurality of pipe bodies 41 arranged at intervals, the spiral resonator 2 is connected with the plurality of pipe bodies 41 in a heat conducting manner, and the radio frequency load 3 is connected with the plurality of pipe bodies 41 in a heat conducting manner. Thus, the heating area is enlarged, and the cooling efficiency is improved. In addition, in order to facilitate the connection between the tube 41 and the external cold source 5, the cold source 5 is connected to the tube 41 through the heat conductor 42.

It should be noted that the cold source 5, the alternating current power supply and the direct current power supply may be provided by the system itself or by the external environment. In addition, the radio frequency load of the invention can be a blade type ion trap, a very high frequency receiver and the like.

The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An antenna tuning system based on a cryogenic spiral resonator, comprising:

a vacuum box (1) having an inner cavity (11);

the spiral resonator (2) is arranged in the inner cavity (11) of the vacuum box (1), and the spiral resonator (2) comprises a resonator body (21), a transmitting antenna (22) arranged on the resonator body (21) and a receiving antenna (23) arranged on the resonator body (21); the transmitting antenna (22) is movably connected with the resonator body (21) so as to adjust the relative distance between the transmitting antenna (22) and the receiving antenna (23); the transmitting antenna (22) is connected with an alternating power line (24), and the power supply end of the alternating power line (24) penetrates out of the vacuum box (1);

a radio frequency load (3) connected to the receiving antenna (23); the radio frequency load (3) is arranged in an inner cavity (11) of the vacuum box (1);

the heat conducting piece (4) extends into the inner cavity (11) of the vacuum box (1) from the outside of the vacuum box (1), the part, located outside the vacuum box (1), of the heat conducting piece (4) is used for being connected with an external cold source (5), and the part, located inside the vacuum box (1), of the heat conducting piece (4) is connected with the spiral resonator (2) and the radio frequency load (3) in a heat conducting mode;

the mechanical spiral feed-through (6) is installed on the vacuum box (1), an inner rotating shaft (61) of the mechanical spiral feed-through (6) is located in the vacuum box (1), the inner rotating shaft (61) is in transmission connection with a conversion mechanism (7), and the transmitting antenna (22) is installed on the conversion mechanism (7); the conversion mechanism (7) can drive the transmitting antenna (22) to relatively approach or leave the receiving antenna (23) when linked by the inner rotating shaft (61).

2. A cryogenic spiral resonator based antenna conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that the vacuum chamber (1) further has an outer chamber (12), the outer chamber (12) surrounding the outer periphery of the inner chamber (11) and being separated from the inner chamber (11) by a thermal insulation layer (8).

3. The antenna tuning system based on low-temperature spiral resonator as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the thermal insulation layer (8) is made of copper material.

4. An antenna tuning system based on a cryogenic spiral resonator according to claim 2, characterized in that the part of the vacuum chamber (1) surrounding the outer chamber (12) is made of stainless steel or aluminium.

5. A cryogenic spiral resonator based antenna conditioning system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the thermal insulation layer (8) has a vent to communicate the inner cavity (11) with the outer cavity (12).

6. An antenna tuning system based on a cryogenic spiral resonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical spiral feed-through (6) is sealingly connected to the vacuum box (1) via a first flange (91).

7. An antenna tuning system based on a cryogenic spiral resonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the alternating power line (24) is hermetically connected to the vacuum chamber (1) via a second flange (92).

8. An antenna tuning system based on a cryogenic spiral resonator according to claim 1, characterized in that a dc power line (31) is connected to the rf load (3); the power supply end of the direct current power line (31) penetrates out of the vacuum box (1); the direct current power line (31) is hermetically connected with the vacuum box (1) through a third flange (93).

9. A cryogenic spiral resonator based antenna tuning system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the translating mechanism (7) comprises a sleeve (71), the sleeve (71) having internal threads (711); the resonator body (21) is provided with a non-circular guide hole (211), and the sleeve (71) is movably inserted into the non-circular guide hole (211); the inner rotating shaft (61) is provided with an external thread (611) and is inserted into the non-circular guide hole (211) so that the external thread (611) is matched with the internal thread (711); the transmitting antenna (22) or the receiving antenna (23) is mounted to the sleeve (71).

10. A cryogenic spiral resonator based antenna conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive member (4) comprises a plurality of spaced apart tubes (41), the spiral resonator (2) being thermally coupled to the plurality of tubes (41), and the rf load (3) being thermally coupled to the plurality of tubes (41).

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