CN114171805A - Lithium ion battery structure and assembling method thereof - Google Patents

Lithium ion battery structure and assembling method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114171805A
CN114171805A CN202111468890.5A CN202111468890A CN114171805A CN 114171805 A CN114171805 A CN 114171805A CN 202111468890 A CN202111468890 A CN 202111468890A CN 114171805 A CN114171805 A CN 114171805A
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connecting piece
assembly
negative
positive
substrate
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CN202111468890.5A
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CN114171805B (en
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高冲
程辉
吴德
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Hefei Gotion High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
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Hefei Guoxuan High Tech Power Energy Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119Metals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147Lids or covers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium ion battery structure and an assembly method thereof, relating to the technical field of lithium ion batteries; the winding core assembly comprises a positive electrode lug and a negative electrode lug, the connecting piece assembly comprises a positive electrode connecting piece and a negative electrode connecting piece, bosses and bending stress holes are respectively arranged on the connecting piece assemblies, and the cover plate assembly is provided with a pole; the connecting piece assembly and the cover plate assembly are fixed through a boss and a pole, the positive connecting piece and the negative connecting piece are respectively fixed with the cover plate assembly and the positive lug and the negative lug, and the connecting piece assembly is bent through a bending stress hole; the plurality of roll core assemblies and the connecting piece assemblies are arranged in the aluminum shell assembly together, and the aluminum shell assembly is fixed with the cover plate assembly; the invention provides a lithium ion battery structure and an assembly method thereof, which can solve the problem of battery short circuit caused by a large amount of metal dust generated in the prior art when a connecting sheet and a cover plate are welded and entering the inside of a winding core, and can improve the energy density of the battery.

Description

Lithium ion battery structure and assembling method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a lithium ion battery structure and an assembly method thereof.
Background
The conventional lithium ion battery assembly method at present is as follows: firstly, connecting two single winding cores together by adopting a butterfly welding process, namely welding two lugs with the same polarity together by utilizing ultrasonic waves through connecting sheets; secondly, welding the connecting sheet and the corresponding polar columns with the same polarity on the cover plate together through laser, and buckling a stop frame at a welding spot; combining the two single-winding cores, and fixing the two single-winding cores through a binding adhesive tape; and fourthly, filling the battery cell into the aluminum shell, and finishing the sealing welding of the cover plate and the aluminum shell through laser.
The method mainly has the following defects:
1. in the laser welding process of the connecting sheet and the cover plate, a large amount of metal dust is generated, and the welding positions are close to the opening of the winding core, so that the metal dust is easy to enter the winding core, and the lithium ion battery is scrapped after short circuit;
2. the processing and manufacturing procedures are complex, and need to involve a plurality of procedures such as tab ultrasonic welding, connecting sheet laser welding, buckling stop frame, core combination and the like, and in the connecting sheet laser welding procedure, the positioning of the winding core and the connecting sheet is not easy to realize, thereby reducing the qualification rate and the utilization rate of manufacturing;
3. in the core combining procedure, the alignment degree of the two single winding cores is not easy to control, risks such as breakage, reverse insertion into the winding cores and the like easily occur when the positive and negative electrode lugs are bent, and when the number of the winding cores of a single lithium ion battery is increased, the bending defect of the electrode lugs is more obvious, so that the process application is greatly limited;
4. because a mode that a set of aluminum shell is configured with a set of cover plate is adopted, the energy density of the lithium ion battery cannot be effectively improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced, so that the manufacturing is trapped in a bottleneck.
Publication No. CN208368654U discloses a core combining device of a lithium ion battery, and in the background art, the current battery core assembling process of the lithium ion battery is as follows: A. pre-welding the lugs of the winding core B by using an ultrasonic welding machine respectively; A. b, welding the pole lug, the gasket and the connecting sheet together by using an ultrasonic welding machine after the winding cores are paired; welding the gasket and the cover plate together by using a laser welding machine; A. and B, performing core packing glue operation on the core. This process is also known as butterfly welding.
Although the device disclosed by the patent has the functions of positioning the battery cell, compressing the cover plate and synchronously combining the battery cells, the manufacturing efficiency and quality can be effectively improved, and the risks of broken tabs and short circuit and scrapping of the battery cells caused by core combination are effectively avoided; however, the device does not improve the butterfly welding process, and cannot solve the fundamental problem provided by the application.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to solve the problem that a large amount of metal dust produced when connecting piece and apron are welded causes the short circuit of lithium ion battery after getting into roll core inside among the prior art and how to improve lithium ion battery's energy density.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a lithium ion battery structure, which comprises a plurality of winding core assemblies, a connecting piece assembly, a cover plate assembly and an aluminum shell assembly, wherein each winding core assembly comprises a positive electrode lug and a negative electrode lug;
the connecting piece assembly and the cover plate assembly are fixed through the lug boss and the pole post hole on the pole post, the positive connecting piece is respectively fixed with the positive substrate and the positive lug, the negative connecting piece is respectively fixed with the negative substrate and the negative lug, and the connecting piece assembly is bent through the bending stress hole; and the plurality of winding core assemblies and the connecting piece assemblies are arranged in the aluminum shell assembly together, and the aluminum shell assembly and the cover plate assembly are fixed.
Compared with the structure of the traditional lithium ion battery, the structure divides the substrate in the cover plate assembly into the positive electrode substrate and the negative electrode substrate; then fixing the positive electrode connecting sheet, the positive electrode substrate and the positive electrode lug, and fixing the negative electrode connecting sheet, the negative electrode substrate and the negative electrode lug respectively; meanwhile, large-area laser welding of the connecting piece assembly and the cover plate assembly is converted into laser welding of the boss and the pole column hole on the pole column, the welding position of the boss and the pole column hole is far away from the opening of the roll core assembly, metal dust generated in the laser welding process can be effectively prevented from entering the interior of the roll core assembly, and the risk of short circuit of the lithium ion battery is avoided; meanwhile, a plurality of winding core assemblies are bent through the bending stress holes in the connecting piece assembly and then are combined and placed in an aluminum shell assembly, and only one cover plate assembly is needed; in the traditional lithium ion battery structure, each roll core assembly needs to be provided with an aluminum shell assembly and a cover plate assembly; therefore, the lithium ion battery structure disclosed by the invention not only can save the using amount of the cover plate assembly, reduce the cost, reduce the welding times, improve the manufacturing efficiency and the qualification rate, but also greatly improve the energy density of the whole lithium ion battery.
Preferably, the winding core assembly further comprises a winding core body and tabs, wherein the tabs comprise the positive tab and the negative tab; the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug are fixed at two ends of the same end face of the winding core body.
Preferably, the connecting piece assembly further comprises a connecting piece, wherein the connecting piece comprises the positive connecting piece and the negative connecting piece; the positive connecting piece and the negative connecting piece are respectively provided with two rows of bending stress holes which are parallel to each other, the side surfaces of the positive connecting piece and the negative connecting piece facing the outer side of the roll core body are respectively fixed with the lug bosses, and the positive connecting piece and the negative connecting piece have the same structure; the two ends of the positive connecting piece are fixed with the positive lugs respectively, and the two ends of the negative connecting piece are fixed with the negative lugs respectively.
Preferably, the cover plate assembly further comprises a substrate, an insulating sheet, a protection small piece, a liquid injection hole, an explosion-proof valve and a substrate step groove, wherein the substrate comprises the positive electrode substrate and the negative electrode substrate, and the pole comprises a positive pole and a negative pole; the protection small pieces comprise a positive electrode protection small piece and a negative electrode protection small piece;
the positive electrode substrate and the negative electrode substrate are respectively provided with a through hole, the two insulation sheets respectively cover one sides of the positive electrode substrate and the negative electrode substrate facing the inside of the roll core body, the insulation sheets and the cross sections of the through holes are in an I-shaped structure, one end of each insulation sheet covers one surface of the substrate facing the outside of the roll core body, the other end of each insulation sheet covers one surface of the substrate facing the inside of the roll core body, the middle part of each insulation sheet is provided with a through structure, and the through structures and the through holes are coaxially arranged; the positive pole column and the negative pole column are respectively fixed on the insulating sheet on one surface of the positive pole substrate and the negative pole substrate facing the outer side of the winding core body, a pole column hole is respectively formed in each of the positive pole column and the negative pole column, and the pole column holes and the penetrating structures are coaxially arranged;
the insulating sheet is also provided with a plurality of vent holes, and the anode substrate and the cathode substrate are respectively provided with the liquid injection hole and the explosion-proof valve; meanwhile, the edge of the substrate is also provided with the substrate step groove; the boss on the connecting sheet assembly sequentially penetrates through the penetrating structure in the middle of the insulating sheet, the through hole in the substrate and the pole column hole in the pole column, and the boss and the pole column are fixed;
the both ends of connection piece respectively with it is fixed to roll up utmost point ear on the core subassembly, anodal ear is placed anodal connection piece with between the anodal protection piece, the negative pole ear is placed the negative pole connection piece with between the negative pole protection piece.
Preferably, the aluminum shell assembly comprises a first-class aluminum shell, a second-class aluminum shell, a first-class aluminum shell stepped groove and a second-class aluminum shell stepped groove, the first-class aluminum shell is provided with the first-class aluminum shell stepped groove, and the second-class aluminum shell is provided with the second-class aluminum shell stepped groove; the first class aluminum shell step groove on the first class aluminum shell and the second class aluminum shell step groove on the second class aluminum shell are matched and fixed with each other; the first class aluminum shell step grooves on the first class aluminum shell and the second class aluminum shell step grooves on the second class aluminum shell are respectively matched and fixed with the substrate step grooves on the anode substrate and the cathode substrate.
Preferably, the lithium ion battery structure further comprises an insulating tape; and attaching the insulating adhesive tape to the position where the back surface of the connecting sheet is fixed with the tab, and then attaching the insulating adhesive tape to the position where the front surface of the connecting sheet is fixed with the tab and the small protection piece.
Preferably, the lithium ion battery structure further comprises an insulating film; the insulating film is coated on the roll core assembly.
Preferably, the number of core assemblies is two or four.
The invention also discloses an assembly method adopting the lithium ion battery structure, when the number of the roll core assemblies is two, two ends of the connecting sheet are respectively fixed with the lug on one roll core assembly, and the assembly steps are as follows:
s1: respectively welding and fixing the bosses on the positive connecting sheet and the negative connecting sheet with the poles on the positive substrate and the negative substrate, so that the connecting sheet assembly is fixedly connected with the cover plate assembly; welding and fixing the positive electrode connecting piece and the negative electrode connecting piece with the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug on the roll core assembly respectively;
s2: attaching the insulating adhesive tape to the welding position of the back surface of the connecting sheet and the tab, and attaching the insulating adhesive tape to the welding position of the front surface of the connecting sheet, the tab and the small protection sheet;
s3: bending the two ends of the positive connecting sheet and the negative connecting sheet by 90 degrees towards the front direction of the cover plate assembly along the two rows of bending stress holes, and bending the roll core assembly by 90 degrees towards the front direction of the cover plate assembly along with the bending of the connecting sheets; then, the position of the tab is unchanged, and the winding core body is bent by 90 degrees along the position where the winding core body is contacted with the tab towards the back surface direction of the cover plate assembly; at the moment, the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug are both in a stretching state;
s4: coating the insulating film outside the two winding core bodies;
s5: and putting the roll core assembly, the connecting piece assembly, the cover plate assembly, the insulating tape and the insulating film into the aluminum shell assembly, and then fixing the matched gaps of the first-class aluminum shell, the second-class aluminum shell, the anode substrate and the cathode substrate through laser welding.
The invention also discloses another assembling method adopting a lithium ion battery structure, when the number of the roll core assemblies is four, two ends of the connecting sheet are respectively fixed with the lugs on the two roll core assemblies, and the assembling steps are as follows:
s1: respectively welding and fixing the bosses on the positive connecting sheet and the negative connecting sheet with the poles on the positive substrate and the negative substrate, so that the connecting sheet assembly is fixedly connected with the cover plate assembly; welding and fixing the positive electrode connecting piece and the negative electrode connecting piece with the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug on the roll core assembly respectively;
s2: attaching the insulating adhesive tape to the welding position of the back surface of the connecting sheet and the tab, and attaching the insulating adhesive tape to the welding position of the front surface of the connecting sheet, the tab and the small protection sheet;
s3: the same end of the positive connecting sheet and the negative connecting sheet is bent by 90 degrees towards the front direction of the cover plate assembly along the bending stress hole, at the moment, the two winding core assemblies are also bent by 90 degrees towards the front direction of the cover plate assembly along with the bending of the connecting sheets, then, the positions of the tabs are unchanged, and the two winding core bodies are bent by 90 degrees towards the back direction of the cover plate assembly along the positions of the winding core bodies contacting with the tabs; finally, the other ends of the positive connecting sheet and the negative connecting sheet and the other two winding core assemblies on the positive connecting sheet and the negative connecting sheet are repeated; at the moment, the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are both in a stretching state;
s4: coating the insulating film outside the four winding core bodies;
s5: and putting the roll core assembly, the connecting piece assembly, the cover plate assembly, the insulating tape and the insulating film into the aluminum shell assembly, and then fixing the matched gaps of the first-class aluminum shell, the second-class aluminum shell, the anode substrate and the cathode substrate through laser welding.
Therefore, the invention has the advantages that:
1. compared with the structure of the traditional lithium ion battery, the structure divides the substrate in the cover plate assembly into the positive electrode substrate and the negative electrode substrate; then fixing the positive electrode connecting sheet, the positive electrode substrate and the positive electrode lug, and fixing the negative electrode connecting sheet, the negative electrode substrate and the negative electrode lug respectively; meanwhile, large-area laser welding of the connecting piece assembly and the cover plate assembly is converted into laser welding of the boss and the pole column hole on the pole column, the welding position of the boss and the pole column hole is far away from the opening of the roll core assembly, metal dust generated in the laser welding process can be effectively prevented from entering the interior of the roll core assembly, and the risk of short circuit of the lithium ion battery is avoided; meanwhile, a plurality of winding core assemblies are bent through the bending stress holes in the connecting piece assembly and then are combined and placed in an aluminum shell assembly, and only one cover plate assembly is needed; in the traditional lithium ion battery structure, each roll core assembly needs to be provided with an aluminum shell assembly and a cover plate assembly; therefore, the lithium ion battery structure disclosed by the invention not only can save the using amount of the cover plate assembly, reduce the cost, reduce the welding times, improve the manufacturing efficiency and the qualification rate, but also greatly improve the energy density of the whole lithium ion battery.
2. Compared with the traditional lithium ion battery, the invention adopts the tabs with shorter length, and the tabs in the invention are all in a stretching state, thereby avoiding the risk of reverse insertion of the tabs; in the traditional method, the assembly relationship between the winding core assembly and the cover plate assembly needs to be considered, so after the winding core assembly is directly assembled on the cover plate assembly, the risks of tab pulling and breakage can exist during core combination, and the winding core assembly is not directly connected with the cover plate assembly, so that the risk is avoided.
3. Compared with the traditional lithium ion battery structure, the lithium ion battery structure can realize the assembly operation of double winding cores and four winding cores of the lithium ion battery, has very wide compatible range and greatly improves the process adaptability; the manufacturing process of the invention is simpler, the processes of laser welding of the connecting sheet, buckling of the stop frame, core combination and the like are eliminated, and the positioning of the winding core is easier to realize, thereby improving the qualification rate and the utilization rate of the manufacturing.
4. The connecting sheet and the substrate and the pole are separated by the insulating sheet, so that the short circuit caused by mutual conduction among the connecting sheet, the pole and the substrate is avoided; the plurality of vent holes formed in the insulating sheet reduce the weight of the insulating sheet so as to improve the energy density of the battery, and gas generated in the battery is smoothly discharged to the explosion-proof valve; the invention also adopts the protection small piece, thus ensuring the welding strength of the tab and the connecting piece; according to the invention, the insulating adhesive tape is adopted to prevent residual dust in the welding area after the welding of the connecting sheet, the tab and the protective small sheet is completed from diffusing into the winding core body in the subsequent assembly process, so that the short circuit of the battery is avoided; the insulation film adopted by the invention can fix the two winding core bodies together, is convenient for the stability of the shapes of the cover plate assembly and the pole ear, is also convenient for the subsequent transfer of the winding core assembly, and can prevent the winding core assembly from being damaged in the shell entering process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front perspective view of a negative electrode connecting piece after a coil core assembly and a cover plate assembly are welded and then glued according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front perspective view of a connection piece after being bent according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a back side three-dimensional structure after the insulation film is completely wrapped according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a back side perspective view of the coil core assembly after being assembled into the aluminum shell assembly in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a core assembly in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the negative cover plate assembly and the connecting piece assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is another schematic perspective view of the negative cover plate assembly and the connecting plate assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the positive electrode cover plate assembly and the connecting plate assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view taken at A-A in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of an aluminum case according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged partial schematic view at B of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged partial schematic view at C of FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a second type aluminum shell according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged partial schematic view at D of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view of the substrate mated with a class of aluminum housings at E in FIG. 4;
FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view taken at F-F in FIG. 2;
FIG. 17 is a schematic top view of a connector strip after bending has been completed according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the invention after bending the connecting sheet;
fig. 19 is a partial cross-sectional view at G-G in fig. 18.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. a core assembly; 11. a roll core body; 12. a positive tab; 13. a negative tab; 2. a connector piece assembly; 21. a positive electrode connecting sheet; 22. a negative electrode connecting sheet; 23. a boss; 24. bending the stress hole; 3. a cover plate assembly; 301. a positive electrode substrate; 302. a negative electrode substrate; 303. an insulating sheet; 304. a positive post; 305. a negative pole post; 306. a positive electrode protection chip; 307. a negative electrode protection chip; 308. a liquid injection hole; 309. an explosion-proof valve; 310. a substrate step groove; 4. an insulating tape; 5. an insulating film; 6. an aluminum housing assembly; 61. a class of aluminum housings; 62. a class II aluminum shell; 63. a class I aluminum shell stepped slot; 64. class II aluminum hull step groove.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, the lithium ion battery structure disclosed by the present invention includes two winding core assemblies 1, a connecting sheet assembly 2, a cover plate assembly 3, an insulating tape 4, an insulating film 5 and an aluminum shell assembly 6; roll up core assembly 1 and connection piece assembly 2 fixed connection, connection piece assembly 2 and apron subassembly 3 fixed connection, insulating sticky tape 4 covers in the junction of rolling up core assembly 1 and connection piece assembly 2, and insulating film 5 covers outside a plurality of core assemblies 1, and a plurality of core assemblies 1, connection piece assembly 2, insulating sticky tape 4 and insulating film 5 all arrange in aluminium shell subassembly 6, aluminium shell subassembly 6 and apron subassembly 3 fixed connection.
Referring to fig. 5, the winding core assembly 1 includes a winding core body 11 and tabs including a positive tab 12 and a negative tab 13; the positive tab 12 and the negative tab 13 are respectively fixed on two ends of the same end face of the winding core body 11 through welding; in the present embodiment, the winding core assembly 1 is a winding type battery cell, but it may also be a lamination type battery cell, a winding-lamination type battery cell, or other types of battery cells, and the present invention does not limit the specific forming manner of the winding core assembly 1; meanwhile, in the present embodiment, positive tab 12 is formed by stacking a plurality of aluminum foils, and negative tab 13 is formed by stacking a plurality of copper foils.
Referring to fig. 6 to 9, the connecting piece assembly 2 includes a connecting piece including a positive connecting piece 21 and a negative connecting piece 22, a boss 23, and a bending stress hole 24; two rows of bending stress holes 24 which are parallel to each other are respectively arranged on the anode connecting sheet 21 and the cathode connecting sheet 22, so that the connecting sheets are convenient to bend; the side surfaces of the positive connecting piece 21 and the negative connecting piece 22 facing the outer side of the winding core body 11 are respectively fixed with a lug boss 23, and in the embodiment, the positive connecting piece 21 and the negative connecting piece 22 have the same structure; the positive electrode connecting piece 21 and the lug boss 23 thereon are made of aluminum, and the negative electrode connecting piece 22 and the lug boss 23 thereon are made of copper.
Referring to fig. 1, 6 to 9, the cover plate assembly 3 includes a base plate, an insulating sheet 303, a pole post, a protection tab, a liquid injection hole 308, an explosion-proof valve 309 and a base plate step groove 310, the base plate includes a positive base plate 301 and a negative base plate 302, the pole post includes a positive pole 304 and a negative pole 305, the protection tab includes a positive protection tab 306 and a negative protection tab 307; the positive electrode substrate 301 and the negative electrode substrate 302 are respectively provided with a through hole, and the two insulation sheets 303 respectively cover one sides of the positive electrode substrate 301 and the negative electrode substrate 302 facing the interior of the winding core body 11; referring to fig. 9, the cross sections of the insulating sheet 303 at the through holes of the positive substrate 301 and the negative substrate 302 are both h-shaped, one end of the insulating sheet 303 at this position covers one side surface of the substrate facing the outside of the winding core body 11, the other end covers one side surface of the substrate facing the inside of the winding core body 11, the middle part is a through structure, and the through structure at the middle part and the through holes on the substrate are coaxially arranged; the positive pole 304 and the negative pole 305 are fixed to the insulating sheet 303 on one side of the positive base plate 301 and the negative base plate 302 facing the outside of the winding core body 11; a pole post hole is respectively formed in the positive pole post 304 and the negative pole post 305, the pole post hole and the penetrating structure on the insulating sheet 303 are coaxially arranged, the boss 23 on the connecting sheet assembly 2 sequentially penetrates through the penetrating structure in the middle of the insulating sheet 303, the through hole in the substrate and the pole post hole on the pole post, and the boss 23 and the pole post are welded and fixed; the connecting sheet assembly 2 is fixed on the cover plate assembly 3 through the boss 23, and the insulating sheet 303 is used for separating the connecting sheet from the substrate and the substrate from the pole, so that short circuit caused by mutual conduction among the connecting sheet, the pole and the substrate is avoided; the insulating sheet 303, the substrate and the pole are obtained by integral injection molding, and the pole hole is also a through hole.
Referring to fig. 6 to 8, the insulating sheet 303 is further provided with a plurality of vent holes for reducing the weight of the insulating sheet 303 to increase the energy density of the battery, and for smoothly discharging the gas generated inside the battery to the explosion-proof valve 309; the positive electrode substrate 301 and the negative electrode substrate 302 are respectively provided with a liquid injection hole 308 and an explosion-proof valve 309, wherein it should be noted that both the liquid injection hole 308 and the explosion-proof valve 309 can be arranged on the positive electrode substrate 301 or the negative electrode substrate 302, and the specific positions of the liquid injection hole 308 and the explosion-proof valve 309 are not limited in the invention; meanwhile, a substrate step groove 310 is formed at the edge of the anode substrate 301 and the cathode substrate 302; in this embodiment, the substrate and the terminal post are both made of conductive metal, and the insulating sheet 303 is made of non-conductive non-metallic material; the positive electrode tab 304 is made of aluminum, and the negative electrode tab 305 is made of copper.
Referring to fig. 1, two ends of a connecting sheet are respectively fixed with tabs on two winding core assemblies 1, a positive tab 12 is placed between a positive connecting sheet 21 and a positive protection tab 306, a negative tab 13 is placed between a negative connecting sheet 22 and a negative protection tab 307, and then the tabs, the connecting sheet and the protection tabs are respectively welded and fixed together, wherein the invention is not limited to a specific welding mode, but the preferred welding mode is ultrasonic welding; the protection small piece is a thin metal piece, and the positive electrode protection small piece 306 and the negative electrode protection small piece 307 are made of aluminum and copper respectively; if the small protective pieces are not arranged, the welding strength of the tab and the connecting piece is poor, and the tab and the connecting piece are easy to separate.
Referring to fig. 1, the back surface of the connecting sheet is bonded to the tab by an insulating tape 4, and the front surface of the connecting sheet is bonded to the tab and the protective tab by an insulating tape 4, so as to prevent residual dust in the welding area from diffusing into the winding core body 11 in the subsequent assembly process after the welding of the connecting sheet, the tab and the protective tab is completed, thereby preventing the short circuit of the battery.
Referring to fig. 3, the insulation film 5 is coated on the winding core assembly 1, and the insulation film 5 is coated outside the two winding core bodies 11, so that on one hand, the two winding core bodies 11 are fixed together, the cover plate assembly 3 and the tab form are convenient to stabilize, and the subsequent winding core assembly 1 is convenient to move; on the other hand, the damage of the roll core assembly 1 in the shell entering process is prevented.
Referring to fig. 4, 10 to 15, the aluminum shell assembly 6 includes a first-type aluminum shell 61 and a second-type aluminum shell 62, wherein the first-type aluminum shell 61 is provided with a first-type aluminum shell step groove 63, and the second-type aluminum shell 62 is provided with a second-type aluminum shell step groove 64; the first-class aluminum shell stepped groove 63 on the first-class aluminum shell 61 and the second-class aluminum shell stepped groove 64 on the second-class aluminum shell 62 are mutually matched and fixed by laser welding, and in addition, the first-class aluminum shell stepped groove 63 on the first-class aluminum shell 61 and the second-class aluminum shell stepped groove 64 on the second-class aluminum shell 62 are respectively matched and fixed by laser welding with the substrate stepped grooves 310 on the positive electrode substrate 301 and the negative electrode substrate 302.
The assembly method of the lithium ion battery structure comprises the following assembly steps:
s1: as shown in fig. 6 to 9, the bosses 23 on the positive connecting piece 21 and the negative connecting piece 22 are welded and fixed with the poles on the positive substrate 301 and the negative substrate 302, respectively, so that the connecting piece assembly 2 is fixedly connected with the cover plate assembly 3; as shown in fig. 1, the positive electrode tab 21 and the negative electrode tab 22 are welded and fixed to the positive electrode tab 12 and the negative electrode tab 13 of the winding core assembly 1, respectively.
S2: as shown in fig. 1, an insulating adhesive tape 4 is attached to the place where the back surface of the connecting sheet is welded with the tab, and then the insulating adhesive tape 4 is attached to the place where the front surface of the connecting sheet is welded with the tab and the small protection piece;
s3: as shown in fig. 2, 16 and 17, both ends of the positive connection piece 21 and the negative connection piece 22 are bent 90 degrees along the two rows of bending stress holes 24 toward the front direction of the cover plate assembly 3, and at this time, the winding core assembly 1 is also bent 90 degrees toward the front direction of the cover plate assembly 3 along with the bending of the connection pieces; then, the position of the tab is unchanged, and the winding core body 11 is bent by 90 degrees along the position where the winding core body is contacted with the tab towards the back direction of the cover plate component 3; at this time, both positive tab 12 and negative tab 13 are in a stretched state;
s4: as shown in fig. 3, the insulating film 5 is coated outside the two core bodies 11;
s5: as shown in fig. 1 to 17, the core assembly 1, the connecting sheet assembly 2, the cover sheet assembly 3, the insulating tape 4, and the insulating film 5 are put into the aluminum case assembly 6, and then the gaps where the first-type aluminum case 61, the second-type aluminum case 62, the positive electrode base plate 301, and the negative electrode base plate 302 are fitted are fixed by laser welding.
Example two:
referring to fig. 18 and 19, the same as the first embodiment, except that the number of the winding core assemblies 1 is four, in the first embodiment, two positive electrode tabs 12 and two negative electrode tabs 13 of two winding core assemblies 1 are respectively adhered together, then two tabs are placed between the connecting piece and the protection small piece, and then the two tabs, the connecting piece and the protection small piece are fixed by welding.
Referring to fig. 1 to 19, an assembly method of a lithium ion battery structure disclosed in the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment except for steps S3 and S4;
s3: as shown in fig. 18 and 19, the same end of the positive electrode connecting piece 21 and the negative electrode connecting piece 22 is firstly bent 90 degrees along the bending stress hole 24 toward the front direction of the cover plate assembly 3, at this time, both the two winding core assemblies 1 are also bent 90 degrees toward the front direction of the cover plate assembly 3 along with the bending of the connecting pieces, and then, the positions of the tabs are unchanged, and the two winding core bodies 11 are bent 90 degrees toward the back direction of the cover plate assembly 3 along the positions where the two winding core bodies are contacted with the tabs; finally, the other ends of the anode connecting piece 21 and the cathode connecting piece 22 and the other two winding core assemblies 1 on the anode connecting piece and the cathode connecting piece are repeated; positive electrode tab 12 and negative electrode tab 13 are both in a stretched state at this time.
S4: the insulating film 5 is coated outside the four winding core bodies 11.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made, and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A lithium ion battery structure characterized by: the winding core assembly comprises a plurality of winding core assemblies (1), connecting piece assemblies (2), a cover plate assembly (3) and an aluminum shell assembly (6), wherein each winding core assembly (1) comprises a positive tab (12) and a negative tab (13), each connecting piece assembly (2) comprises a positive connecting piece (21) and a negative connecting piece (22), bosses (23) and bending stress holes (24) are respectively arranged on the positive connecting pieces (21) and the negative connecting pieces (22), each cover plate assembly (3) comprises a positive base plate (301) and a negative base plate (302), polar columns are respectively arranged on the positive base plates (301) and the negative base plates (302), and polar column holes are formed in the polar columns;
the connecting piece assembly (2) and the cover plate assembly (3) are fixed through the lug boss (23) and the pole post hole on the pole post, the positive connecting piece (21) is respectively fixed with the positive substrate (301) and the positive lug (12), the negative connecting piece (22) is respectively fixed with the negative substrate (302) and the negative lug (13), and the connecting piece assembly (2) is bent through the bending stress hole (24); the plurality of winding core assemblies (1) and the connecting piece assemblies (2) are arranged in the aluminum shell assembly (6) together, and the aluminum shell assembly (6) is fixed with the cover plate assembly (3).
2. A lithium ion battery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the winding core assembly (1) further comprises a winding core body (11) and tabs, wherein the tabs comprise the positive tab (12) and the negative tab (13); the positive tab (12) and the negative tab (13) are fixed at two ends of the same end face of the winding core body (11).
3. A lithium ion battery structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the connecting piece assembly (2) further comprises a connecting piece, and the connecting piece comprises the positive connecting piece (21) and the negative connecting piece (22); the positive connecting piece (21) and the negative connecting piece (22) are respectively provided with two rows of bending stress holes (24) which are parallel to each other, the side surfaces of the positive connecting piece (21) and the negative connecting piece (22) facing the outer side of the roll core body (11) are respectively fixed with the lug bosses (23), and the positive connecting piece (21) and the negative connecting piece (22) have the same structure; the two ends of the positive electrode connecting piece (21) are respectively fixed with the positive electrode lugs (12), and the two ends of the negative electrode connecting piece (22) are respectively fixed with the negative electrode lugs (13).
4. A lithium ion battery structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the cover plate assembly (3) further comprises a base plate, an insulating sheet (303), small protection pieces, a liquid injection hole (308), an explosion-proof valve (309) and a base plate step groove (310), wherein the base plate comprises a positive electrode base plate (301) and a negative electrode base plate (302), and the pole comprises a positive pole (304) and a negative pole (305); the protection chip comprises a positive protection chip (306) and a negative protection chip (307);
the positive electrode substrate (301) and the negative electrode substrate (302) are respectively provided with a through hole, the two insulation sheets (303) respectively cover one sides of the positive electrode substrate (301) and the negative electrode substrate (302) facing the interior of the roll core body (11), the insulation sheets (303) are in an I-shaped structure with the cross section of the through hole, one end of each insulation sheet (303) covers one surface of the substrate facing the outer side of the roll core body (11), the other end of each insulation sheet covers one surface of the substrate facing the interior of the roll core body (11), a middle penetrating structure is arranged, and the penetrating structures and the through holes are coaxially arranged; the positive pole column (304) and the negative pole column (305) are respectively fixed on the insulating sheet (303) on one surface of the positive pole substrate (301) and the negative pole substrate (302) facing the outer side of the winding core body (11), a pole column hole is respectively formed in each of the positive pole column (304) and the negative pole column (305), and the pole column holes and the penetrating structures are coaxially arranged;
the insulating sheet (303) is also provided with a plurality of vent holes, and the anode substrate (301) and the cathode substrate (302) are respectively provided with the liquid injection hole (308) and the explosion-proof valve (309); meanwhile, the edge of the substrate is also provided with the substrate step groove (310); the boss (23) on the connecting plate assembly (2) sequentially penetrates through the penetrating structure in the middle of the insulating plate (303), the through hole in the substrate and the pole column hole in the pole column, and the boss (23) and the pole column are fixed;
the both ends of connection piece respectively with it is fixed to roll up utmost point ear on the core subassembly (1), anodal ear (12) are placed anodal connection piece (21) with between anodal protection chip (306), negative pole ear (13) are placed negative pole connection piece (22) with between negative pole protection chip (307).
5. The lithium ion battery structure of claim 4, wherein: the aluminum shell assembly (6) comprises a first-class aluminum shell (61), a second-class aluminum shell (62), a first-class aluminum shell stepped groove (63) and a second-class aluminum shell stepped groove (64), the first-class aluminum shell (61) is provided with the first-class aluminum shell stepped groove (63), and the second-class aluminum shell (62) is provided with the second-class aluminum shell stepped groove (64); the first-class aluminum shell step groove (63) on the first-class aluminum shell (61) and the second-class aluminum shell step groove (64) on the second-class aluminum shell (62) are matched and fixed with each other; the first-class aluminum shell step groove (63) on the first-class aluminum shell (61) and the second-class aluminum shell step groove (64) on the second-class aluminum shell (62) are respectively matched and fixed with the substrate step grooves (310) on the positive electrode substrate (301) and the negative electrode substrate (302).
6. The lithium ion battery structure of claim 4, wherein: the lithium ion battery structure further comprises an insulating tape (4); and pasting the insulating adhesive tape (4) on the position where the back surface of the connecting sheet is fixed with the tab, and pasting the insulating adhesive tape (4) on the position where the front surface of the connecting sheet is fixed with the tab and the small protection sheet.
7. A lithium ion battery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lithium ion battery structure further comprises an insulating film (5); the insulating film (5) is coated on the winding core assembly (1).
8. A lithium ion battery structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the roll core assemblies (1) is two or four.
9. A method of assembling a lithium ion battery structure according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: when roll up core assembly (1) quantity and be two, the both ends of connection piece respectively with one roll up on core assembly (1) utmost point ear is fixed, and the assembly step is as follows:
s1: welding and fixing the bosses (23) on the positive connecting piece (21) and the negative connecting piece (22) with the poles on the positive substrate (301) and the negative substrate (302) respectively, so that the connecting piece assembly (2) is fixedly connected with the cover plate assembly (3); then the positive electrode connecting piece (21) and the negative electrode connecting piece (22) are respectively welded and fixed with the positive electrode lug (12) and the negative electrode lug (13) on the winding core assembly (1);
s2: attaching the insulating adhesive tape (4) to the welding position of the back surface of the connecting sheet and the tab, and attaching the insulating adhesive tape (4) to the welding position of the front surface of the connecting sheet, the tab and the small protection sheet;
s3: bending the two ends of the positive connecting piece (21) and the negative connecting piece (22) by 90 degrees towards the front direction of the cover plate assembly (3) along the two rows of bending stress holes (24), and bending the winding core assembly (1) by 90 degrees towards the front direction of the cover plate assembly (3) along with the bending of the connecting pieces; then, the position of the tab is unchanged, and the winding core body (11) is bent by 90 degrees along the position where the winding core body is contacted with the tab towards the back direction of the cover plate assembly (3); at the moment, the positive electrode tab (12) and the negative electrode tab (13) are both in a stretching state;
s4: coating the insulating film (5) outside the two winding core bodies (11);
s5: the aluminum shell assembly (6) is placed into the winding core assembly (1), the connecting piece assembly (2), the cover plate assembly (3), the insulating adhesive tape (4) and the insulating film (5) together, and then the first-class aluminum shell (61), the second-class aluminum shell (62), the positive electrode substrate (301) and the negative electrode substrate (302) are fixed at the matched gap through laser welding.
10. A method of assembling a lithium ion battery structure according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: when roll up core assembly (1) quantity and be four, the both ends of connection piece respectively with two roll up on core assembly (1) utmost point ear is fixed, the assembly step is as follows:
s1: welding and fixing the bosses (23) on the positive connecting piece (21) and the negative connecting piece (22) with the poles on the positive substrate (301) and the negative substrate (302) respectively, so that the connecting piece assembly (2) is fixedly connected with the cover plate assembly (3); then the positive electrode connecting piece (21) and the negative electrode connecting piece (22) are respectively welded and fixed with the positive electrode lug (12) and the negative electrode lug (13) on the winding core assembly (1);
s2: attaching the insulating adhesive tape (4) to the welding position of the back surface of the connecting sheet and the tab, and attaching the insulating adhesive tape (4) to the welding position of the front surface of the connecting sheet, the tab and the small protection sheet;
s3: the same end of the positive connecting piece (21) and the same end of the negative connecting piece (22) are bent by 90 degrees towards the front direction of the cover plate assembly (3) along the bending stress hole (24), at the moment, the two winding core assemblies (1) are also bent by 90 degrees towards the front direction of the cover plate assembly (3) along with the bending of the connecting pieces, then, the positions of the lugs are unchanged, and the two winding core bodies (11) are bent by 90 degrees towards the back direction of the cover plate assembly (3) along the positions where the winding core bodies are in contact with the lugs; finally, the other ends of the positive electrode connecting piece (21) and the negative electrode connecting piece (22) and the other two winding core assemblies (1) on the positive electrode connecting piece and the negative electrode connecting piece are repeated; at the moment, the positive electrode tab (12) and the negative electrode tab (13) are both in a stretching state;
s4: coating the insulating film (5) outside the four winding core bodies (11);
s5: the aluminum shell assembly (6) is placed into the winding core assembly (1), the connecting piece assembly (2), the cover plate assembly (3), the insulating adhesive tape (4) and the insulating film (5) together, and then the first-class aluminum shell (61), the second-class aluminum shell (62), the positive electrode substrate (301) and the negative electrode substrate (302) are fixed at the matched gap through laser welding.
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