CN114169246B - Design method of high-performance low-noise magnetic shielding barrel - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of a high-performance low-noise magnetic shielding barrel, which takes four layers of magnetic shielding barrels as research objects, aims at the problem of simultaneously realizing optimization of magnetic shielding performance and magnetic noise, establishes an optimization scheme of structural parameters of the four layers of magnetic shielding barrels through a constrained multi-parameter particle swarm optimization method, and optimizes the length of the innermost barrel
Radius of innermost barrel
Thickness t of each layer i Inter-layer axial spacing DL i Inter-layer radial spacing DR i And 12 structural parameters are equal, so that the design effect of high shielding performance and low noise is realized. The invention is based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm, improves the axial shielding factor of the magnetic shielding barrel by one order of magnitude, reduces the magnetic noise by 15 percent, and can be widely applied to the field of weak magnetic measurement to manufacture a weak magnetic environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a design method of a high-performance low-noise magnetic shielding barrel, which can improve the axial shielding factor of the magnetic shielding barrel by one order of magnitude and reduce the magnetic noise by 15 percent, and belongs to the technical field of magnetic shielding.
Background
The theoretical sensitivity of the atomic spin magnetometer can reach
Becomes a research hotspot in the field of weak magnetic measurement and realizes ultrahigh sensitivityThe premise of extremely weak magnetic measurement is that the interference of an external magnetic field and a noise signal is fully isolated, and the measurement is usually realized by adopting a multi-layer magnetic shielding barrel. Because the sensitivity of the atomic spin magnetometer is limited by the background magnetic field noise signal in practical work, it is necessary to develop a high-performance low-noise magnetic shielding barrel.
The performance indexes of the magnetic shielding barrel comprise magnetic shielding factors and magnetic noise, and the structural design of the current magnetic shielding barrel only considers the magnetic shielding factors and ignores the influence of the magnetic noise, so that the designed magnetic shielding barrel cannot achieve the optimal performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the design method of the high-performance low-noise magnetic shielding barrel is used for improving the shielding performance and reducing the magnetic noise.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a design method of a high-performance low-noise magnetic shielding barrel comprises the following steps:
(1) Establishing a four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with a cover total radial magnetic shielding factor model:
establishing a four-layer magnetic shielding barrel total axial magnetic shielding factor model with a cover:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the radial magnetic shielding factor of the ith layer of magnetic shielding barrel,
μ i is the permeability of the ith layer of material, f i ＝1+L i /100D i End cover shielding factor for the ith layer axial shielding factor, D i Is the i-th shielding layer outer diameter, L i Is the i-th shielding layer outer length, t i The thickness of the ith shielding layer (i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4).
(2) Establishing a magnetic noise model generated by the innermost magnetic shielding barrel:
wherein, mu 0 ＝4π×10 -7 N/A 2 Is a vacuum magnetic permeability, r 1 ＝D 1 /2-t 1 K =1.38 × 10 as the innermost inner radius -23 J/K is boltzmann constant, T is kelvin temperature, σ is electrical conductivity of the innermost shielding material, G is a coefficient related to aspect ratio L/D, and when L/D =1, 1.5, 2, G is 0.657, 0.460, 0.438, respectively.
(3) Establishing a total volume model of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the volume of the ith layer of magnetic shielding barrel. d i Is the i-th inner diameter of the shielding layer, l i The length of the ith shielding layer (i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4).
(4) Establishing a four-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure model containing all structural parameters influencing magnetic shielding performance and magnetic noise:
wherein DL i For the axial spacing between the i-th and i + 1-th shield layers, including DL 1 ，DL 2 ，DL 3 ；DR i For the radial spacing between the ith and (i + 1) th shielding layers, including DR 1 ，DR 2 ，DR 3 ；t i Is the thickness of the ith shielding layer, including t 1 ，t 2 ，t 3 ，t 4 ；
Is the average radius of the innermost layer; />
Is the average length of the innermost layer. Four-layer magnetic shielding bucket structure capable of being used by>
t 1 ，t 2 ，t 3 ，t 4 ，DL 1 ，DL 2 ，DL 3 ，DR 1 ，DR 2 ，DR 3 And determining 12 parameters, wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4.
(5) Substituting the structural model of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel in the step (4) into the total axial magnetic shielding factor model of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover in the step (1) to obtain the total axial shielding factor model S ' of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover, wherein the total axial shielding factor model S ' comprises 12 structural parameters influencing magnetic shielding performance and magnetic noise ' Atot ：
Substituting the structure model of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel in the step (4) into the magnetic noise model generated by the innermost magnetic shielding barrel in the step (2) to obtain a magnetic noise model delta B ' of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover, wherein the magnetic noise model delta B ' comprises 12 structural parameters influencing the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise ' eddy ：
Substituting the structure model of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel in the step (4) into the total volume model of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with cover in the step (3) to obtain a total volume model V ' of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with cover, wherein the total volume model V ' contains 12 structural parameters influencing magnetic shielding performance and magnetic noise ' tot ：
(6) Setting four layers of magnetic shielding barrel initial structure parameters, and calculating total axial shielding factor under the structure parameters
Magnetic noise>
Total volume->
Setting 12 structural parameter change intervals affecting the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise in the above (4):
(7) Is prepared from S 'in the above (5)' Atot As an optimization target, the method of (6) above
As a first constraint condition, the value in (6) is selected>
As a second constraint condition, a multi-parameter particle swarm algorithm with constraint is adopted to influence the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise in the step (4)The 12 structural parameters are optimized to obtain the structural parameters of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel when the axial shielding factor of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover is maximum, and the magnetic noise of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover is maximum under the structural parameters and is recorded as ^ er>
(8) Delta B 'of the above (5)' eddy As an optimization target, the following (6)
As a constraint condition one, the value in (6) is selected>
And (3) as a constraint condition II, optimizing 12 structural parameters influencing the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise in the step (4) by adopting a multi-parameter particle swarm algorithm with constraint to obtain a four-layer magnetic shielding barrel structural parameter when the magnetic noise of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover is minimum, and recording the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover as the minimum magnetic noise>
(9) In the above (7)
And (8) above>
Forming magnetic noise variation interval
Equally divide this section 10 into->
Wherein
(10) Is prepared from S 'in the above (5)' Atot The optimization objective was to obtain V 'in the above (5)' tot As a constraint one, will
Sequentially serving as a constraint condition II, performing 11 sub-optimization on 12 structural parameters influencing the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise in the step (4) by adopting a multi-parameter particle swarm algorithm with constraint to obtain the jth sub-optimized maximum value & ltSUB & gt & lt/SUB & gt & lt/SUB & gt of axial shielding factors of four layers of covered magnetic shielding barrels>
The corresponding 4-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure parameters are recorded as follows:
substituting the obtained 4-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure parameters into the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with cover magnetic noise model delta B 'in the step (5)' eddy Solving the magnetic noise corresponding to the jth sub-optimization
1≤j≤11。
(11) Sequentially calculating according to 11 sub-optimization results in (10) above
Is recorded as Delta S j Successively count->
Is recorded as Delta B j J is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 10, and calculating delta S j /ΔδB j Plotting Δ S j /ΔδB j And changing the curve, selecting a maximum point of the curve, wherein 12 structural parameters of the 4 layers of magnetic shielding barrels corresponding to the point are the final optimization result.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The invention comprehensively considers two indexes of magnetic shielding factor and magnetic noise in the design process, and calculates through particle swarm with constrained multi-parameterMethod, average length of innermost layer of magnetic shielding barrel
Average radius of innermost layer->
Thickness t of each layer i Inter-layer axial spacing DL i Inter-layer radial spacing DR i The magnetic noise is effectively reduced while the shielding performance of the magnetic shielding barrel is greatly improved by 12 parameters through optimization design, compared with the magnetic noise before optimization, the axial shielding factor of the optimized magnetic shielding barrel is improved by one order of magnitude, and the magnetic noise is reduced by 15%, so that the design requirements of high shielding performance and low noise can be met simultaneously;
(2) The invention discloses a relation curve of magnetic noise variation and axial magnetic shielding factor variation under different structural parameters in the optimization process of the magnetic shielding barrel, and provides theoretical reference for the optimization design of the magnetic shielding barrel of the atomic spin magnetometer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a 4-layer magnetic shielding can in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows Δ S in the present invention j /ΔδB j Graph is shown.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the magnetic shielding barrel designed by the present invention specifically includes the following contents:
(1) Establishing a four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with a cover total radial magnetic shielding factor model:
establishing a four-layer magnetic shielding barrel total axial magnetic shielding factor model with a cover:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the radial magnetic shielding factor of the ith layer of magnetic shielding barrel,
μ i is the permeability of the ith layer of material, f i ＝1+L i /100D i End cap shielding coefficient of axial shielding factor of i-th layer, D i Is the i-th shield layer outer diameter, L i Is the ith outer shield length, t i Is the ith shield layer thickness.
(2) Establishing a magnetic noise (eddy current noise) model generated by the innermost magnetic shielding barrel:
wherein mu 0 ＝4π×10 -7 N/A 2 Is a vacuum permeability of r 1 ＝D 1 /2-t 1 K =1.38 × 10 as the innermost inner radius -23 J/K is boltzmann constant, T is kelvin temperature, σ is electrical conductivity of the innermost shielding material, G is a coefficient related to aspect ratio L/D, and when L/D =1, 1.5, 2, G is 0.657, 0.460, 0.438, respectively.
(3) Establishing a total volume model of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the volume of the ith layer of magnetic shielding barrel. d i Is the i-th shield layer inner diameter, l i Is the length in the ith shield layer.
(4) Establishing a four-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure model containing all structural parameters influencing magnetic shielding performance and magnetic noise:
wherein DL i For the axial spacing between the i-th and i + 1-th shield layers, including DL 1 ，DL 2 ，DL 3 ；DR i For the radial spacing between the i-th and i + 1-th shielding layers, including DR 1 ，DR 2 ，DR 3 ；t i Is the thickness of the ith shielding layer, including t 1 ，t 2 ，t 3 ，t 4 ；
Is the average radius of the innermost layer; />
Is the average length of the innermost layer. Four-layer magnetic shielding bucket structure consisting of>
t 1 ，t 2 ，t 3 ，t 4 ，DL 1 ，DL 2 ，DL 3 ，DR 1 ，DR 2 ，DR 3 And 12 parameters are determined.
(5) Substituting the structural model of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel in the step (4) into the total axial magnetic shielding factor model of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover in the step (1) to obtain the total axial shielding factor model S 'of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover, which contains 12 structural parameters influencing the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise' Atot ：
Substituting the structure model of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel in the step (4) into the magnetic noise model generated by the innermost magnetic shielding barrel in the step (2) to obtain a magnetic noise (eddy current noise) model delta B 'of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover, wherein the model comprises 12 structural parameters influencing the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise' eddy ：
Substituting the structural model of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel in the step (4) into the total volume model of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover in the step (3) to obtain a total volume model V ' of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover, wherein the total volume model V ' contains 12 structural parameters influencing magnetic shielding performance and magnetic noise ' tot ：
(6) Setting four layers of magnetic shielding barrel initial structure parameters, and calculating total axial shielding factor under the structure parameters
12 structural parameters (including the average length of the innermost layer) affecting the magnetic shield performance and the magnetic noise in the above (4) were set
Average radius of innermost layer->
Thickness t of each layer i Inter-layer axial spacing DL i Inter-layer radial spacing DR i ) The variation interval:
(7) Is prepared from S 'in the above (5)' Atot As an optimization target, the method of (6) above
As a first constraint condition, the value in (6) is selected>
And (3) as a constraint condition II, optimizing 12 structural parameters influencing the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise in the step (4) by adopting a multi-parameter particle swarm algorithm with constraint to obtain the structural parameters of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel when the axial shielding factor of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover is maximum, and marking the structural parameters as the maximum magnetic noise of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover under the structural parameters>
(8) Delta B 'of the above (5)' eddy As an optimization target, the method of (6) above
As a constraint condition one, the value in (6) is selected>
And (3) as a constraint condition II, optimizing 12 structural parameters influencing the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise in the step (4) by adopting a multi-parameter particle swarm algorithm with constraint to obtain a four-layer magnetic shielding barrel structural parameter when the magnetic noise of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover is minimum, and recording the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover as the minimum magnetic noise>
(9) In the above (7)
And (8) above>
Forming magnetic noise variation interval
Equally divide the interval 10 into->
Wherein
(10) Is prepared from S 'in the above (5)' Atot The optimization objective was V 'in the above item (5)' tot As a constraint one, will
Sequentially serving as constraint conditions II, carrying out 11 sub-optimization on 12 structural parameters influencing the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise in the step (4) by adopting a multi-parameter particle swarm algorithm with constraint to obtain the jth sub-optimized maximum value of axial shielding factors of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover>
The corresponding parameters of the 4-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure are recorded as follows:
substituting the obtained 4-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure parameters into the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with cover magnetic noise model delta B 'in the step (5)' eddy Solving the magnetic noise corresponding to the jth sub-optimization
(1≤j≤11)。
(11) Sequentially calculating according to 11 sub-optimization results in (10) above
Is recorded as Delta S j Sequentially calculate
Is recorded as Delta B j J is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 10, and calculating delta S j /ΔδB j Plotting Δ S j /ΔδB j A curve showing the variation of the axial shielding factor as a function of the variation of the magnetic noise, Δ S j /ΔδB j The larger the value is, the faster the axial shielding factor is increased, the slower the magnetic noise is increased, and the better the optimization effect of the magnetic shielding barrel is. Selecting Δ S j /ΔδB j Maximum point in the curve, this time optimized maximum point was taken at j = 7: delta S 7 /ΔδB 7 =12220, i.e. step (10) 8 th optimization, the corresponding four-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure parameters are:
the corresponding axial magnetic shielding is as follows:
the magnetic noise is:
obtaining the optimized structural parameters of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel, and finishing the optimization design.
Therefore, the shielding factor of the magnetic shield bucket after optimization is 2.1350 × 10 compared with that of the magnetic shield bucket before optimization 3 Increased to 3.8327 × 10 4 Increased by an order of magnitude, magnetic noise (eddy current noise)
Reduced to
The reduction is 15%.
As shown in FIG. 2, Δ S plotted according to the invention j /ΔδB j Graph with ordinate of total axial screenShading factor variation Δ S j And magnetic noise variation amount delta B j The abscissa is the total axial shielding factor and the magnetic noise change times, the curve reveals the relationship between the axial total shielding factor variation and the magnetic noise variation in the optimization process, and Delta S in the curve j /ΔδB j The larger the value is, the faster the axial shielding factor is increased, the slower the magnetic noise is increased, the better the optimization effect of the magnetic shielding barrel is, and Delta S is selected in the design j /ΔδB j And taking the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure corresponding to the maximum point as a final optimization result. The maximum point of this optimization is obtained at j = 7: delta S 7 /ΔδB 7 =12220, i.e. step (10) 8 th optimization, the corresponding four-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure parameters are:
the corresponding axial magnetic shielding is as follows:
the magnetic noise is:
ΔS j /ΔδB j the curve chart reveals the relationship between the magnetic noise variation and the axial magnetic shielding factor variation under different structural parameters in the optimization process of the magnetic shielding barrel, and provides theoretical reference for the optimization design of the magnetic shielding barrel of the atomic spin magnetometer.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art to which the skilled person pertains.
Claims (2)
1. A design method of a high-performance low-noise magnetic shielding barrel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Establishing a four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with a cover total radial magnetic shielding factor model:
establishing a four-layer magnetic shielding barrel total axial magnetic shielding factor model with a cover:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the radial magnetic shielding factor of the ith layer of magnetic shielding barrel,
μ i permeability of the ith layer material, f i ＝1+L i /100D i End cap shielding coefficient of axial shielding factor of i-th layer, D i Is the i-th shielding layer outer diameter, L i Is the ith outer shield length, t i Is the thickness of the ith shielding layer;
(2) Establishing a magnetic noise model generated by the innermost magnetic shielding barrel:
wherein, mu 0 ＝4π×10 -7 N/A 2 Is a vacuum permeability of r 1 ＝D 1 /2-t 1 K =1.38 × 10 as the innermost inner radius -23 J/K is boltzmann constant, T is kelvin temperature, σ is electrical conductivity of the innermost shielding material, G is a coefficient related to aspect ratio L/D, and when L/D =1, 1.5, 2, G is 0.657, 0.460, 0.438, respectively;
(3) Establishing a total volume model of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the volume of the i-th layer magnetic shielding barrel, d i Is the i-th inner diameter of the shielding layer, l i Is the length in the ith shielding layer;
(4) Establishing a four-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure model containing all structural parameters influencing magnetic shielding performance and magnetic noise:
wherein, DL i For the axial spacing between the i-th and i + 1-th shield layers, including DL 1 ，DL 2 ，DL 3 ；DR i For the radial spacing between the i-th and i + 1-th shielding layers, including DR 1 ，DR 2 ，DR 3 ；t i Is the thickness of the ith shielding layer, including t 1 ，t 2 ，t 3 ，t 4 ；
Is the innermost average radius; />
Four-layer magnetic shielding bucket structure with average length of innermost layer>
t 1 ，t 2 ，t 3 ，t 4 ，DL 1 ，DL 2 ，DL 3 ，DR 1 ，DR 2 ，DR 3 Determining 12 parameters;
(5) Substituting the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure model in the step (4) into the four-layer covered magnetic shielding barrel total axial magnetic shielding factor model in the step (1) to obtain a four-layer covered magnetic shielding barrel total axial shielding factor model S 'containing 12 structural parameters influencing magnetic shielding performance and magnetic noise' Atot ：
Substituting the structure model of the four layers of magnetic shielding barrels in the step (4) into the magnetic noise model generated by the innermost layer of magnetic shielding barrel in the step (2) to obtain a magnetic noise model delta B ' of the four layers of magnetic shielding barrels with covers, wherein the magnetic noise model delta B ' comprises 12 structure parameters influencing the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise ' eddy ：
Substituting the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure model in the step (4) into the four-layer covered magnetic shielding barrel total volume model in the step (3) to obtain a four-layer covered magnetic shielding barrel total volume model V 'containing 12 structural parameters influencing magnetic shielding performance and magnetic noise' tot ：
(6) Setting four layers of magnetic shielding barrel initial structure parameters, and calculating total axial shielding factor under the structure parameters
Setting 12 structural parameter change intervals influencing magnetic shielding performance and magnetic noise in the step (4):
(7) By S 'in step (5)' Atot As an optimization target, the step (6) is
As a constraint condition one, the step (6)
And (3) as a constraint condition II, optimizing 12 structural parameters influencing the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise in the step (4) by adopting a multi-parameter particle swarm algorithm with constraint to obtain the structural parameters of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel when the axial shielding factor of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover is maximum, and marking the structural parameters as the maximum magnetic noise of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with the cover under the structural parameters>
(8) By delta B 'in step (5)' eddy As an optimization target, the step (6) is
As a first constraint, the value in step (6) is->
And (5) as a constraint condition II, optimizing 12 structural parameters influencing the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise in the step (4) by adopting a multi-parameter particle swarm algorithm with constraint to obtain a four-layer magnetic shielding barrel structural parameter when the magnetic noise of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with cover is minimum, and marking as ^ 12 when the magnetic noise of the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with cover is minimum under the structural parameter>
(9) In step (7)
And (8) in>
Forming magnetic noise change interval>
Equally divide the interval 10 into->
Wherein->
(10) Is prepared from S 'in step (5)' Atot As an optimization target, V 'in the step (5)' tot As a constraint one, will
Sequentially serving as constraint conditions II, wherein j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 11; carrying out 11 sub-optimization on 12 structural parameters influencing the magnetic shielding performance and the magnetic noise in the step (4) by adopting a multi-parameter particle swarm algorithm with constraint to obtain the maximum value of the axial shielding factor (H) of the jth sub-optimized four-layer covered magnetic shielding barrel>
The corresponding parameters of the 4-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure are recorded as follows:
substituting the obtained 4-layer magnetic shielding barrel structure parameters into the four-layer magnetic shielding barrel with cover magnetic noise model delta B 'in the step (5)' eddy Solving the magnetic noise corresponding to the jth sub-optimization
1≤j≤11；
(11) According to 11 suboptimal results in step (10), calculating in sequence
Is recorded as Delta S j Sequentially calculate
Is recorded as Delta B j J is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 10, and calculating delta S j /ΔδB j Plotting Δ S j /ΔδB j And changing the curve, selecting a maximum point of the curve, wherein 12 structural parameters of the 4 layers of magnetic shielding barrels corresponding to the point are the final optimization result.
2. The design method of a high-performance low-noise magnetic shielding barrel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the four layers of magnetic shielding barrels are made of permalloy.
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