CN114167807B - Method, device, processor and storage medium for calculating and planning cutting speed for different materials in numerical control system - Google Patents
Method, device, processor and storage medium for calculating and planning cutting speed for different materials in numerical control system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning treatment for different materials in a numerical control system, which comprises the following steps: deducing parameter indexes of a mathematical model formula of the cutting material through cutting test data; calculating to generate the cutting speed which meets the requirements best, and calculating the optimal cutting speed; determining the inflection point section cutting speed according to the calculated cutting speed; and planning the speed acceleration and deceleration modes before and after the inflection point according to the calculated acceleration and deceleration section length and the speed change rate. The method, the device, the processor and the computer readable storage medium thereof for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning processing for different materials in the numerical control system are adopted, and the method for planning the cutting speed of various materials is provided, is used for rapidly and accurately calculating the optimal cutting speeds of a machine tool for cutting different kinds of materials with different thicknesses under various working conditions and planning the speeds of round arc sections before and after corners, and ensures the cutting quality, the contour precision and the cutting efficiency of a processed workpiece.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of numerical control machining, in particular to the field of cutting speed calculation, and specifically relates to a method, a device, a processor and a computer readable storage medium for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning processing for different materials in a numerical control system.
Background
Cutting speed is a critical parameter in a numerical control system, and can directly influence the quality of a cut workpiece. Proper cutting speed and acceleration and deceleration control are required for both straight edges and corners as well as circular arcs, and when cutting materials with different types and thicknesses, even when a numerical control machine tool works under different conditions, the cutting speed needs to be frequently modified to meet the optimal cutting effect.
There are two common methods for setting cutting speed in the industry:
1. referring to a data table of cutting speed in the document data of the related materials, and then inputting corresponding values in a numerical control system;
2. the cutting speed is estimated approximately by years of cutting experience and corresponding values are input in a numerical control system.
According to the technology, a mathematical model of the material is established, various parameter values in the mathematical model are solved through a large number of actual cutting experiments, and the cutting speed is finally planned by combining a numerical control system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method, a device, a processor and a computer readable storage medium thereof for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning processing aiming at different materials in a numerical control system which is convenient to calculate, simple and convenient to operate and wide in application range.
In order to achieve the above objective, a method, an apparatus, a processor and a computer readable storage medium thereof for implementing cutting speed calculation and planning processing for different materials in a numerical control system according to the present invention are as follows:
the method for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning treatment for different materials in the numerical control system is mainly characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Initializing in a numerical control system, and inputting required parameters;
(2) Deducing parameter indexes of a cutting material mathematical model formula through cutting test data, verifying an established material model, and integrating a material model library function of a numerical control system;
(3) Inputting corresponding values required by the function according to specific cutting conditions, and calculating and generating the cutting speed which meets the requirements best;
(4) Performing automatic planning response according to track information in the loaded cutting path file, and calculating the optimal cutting speed;
(5) Determining the cutting speed of the inflection point section according to the calculated cutting speed and combining the transition mode of the inflection point in the path track;
(6) And planning the speed acceleration and deceleration modes before and after the inflection point according to the calculated acceleration and deceleration section length and the speed change rate.
Preferably, the step (1) specifically includes the following steps:
selecting a corresponding material type to be cut from a numerical control system material model library, and inputting the thickness of the material;
(1.2) inputting the working condition of the current machine tool;
(1.3) selecting the quality level required by the part to be cut, and setting the calculation result into the numerical control system.
Preferably, the calculating the optimal cutting speed in the step (4) includes the step of calculating a linear cutting speed, specifically:
the linear cutting speed was calculated according to the following formula:
GxxSpeed＝pow(Fa，1.15)×pow(Nm，1.15)×pow(Pw，1.8331)×pow(Do，1.5801)×pow(Ma，0.39445)/pow(C，1.15)×pow(Q，1.15)×pow(H，1.15)×pow(Df，0.7107)；
wherein Fa is abrasive quality factor, nm is material cutting performance index, pw is high-pressure water jet pressure, do is jewel mouth aperture, ma is abrasive flow, C is fixed coefficient, Q is cutting quality grade, H is material thickness, df is sand pipe aperture.
Preferably, the calculating of the optimal cutting speed in the step (4) includes the step of calculating the minimum cutting speed, specifically:
the minimum cutting speed is calculated according to the following formula:
MinSpeedGxx＝GxxSpeed－42×(CoeA×pow(H，CoeB)+CoeC×H+CoeD)×GxxSpeed；
wherein GxxSpeed is the linear cutting speed, H is the material thickness, and CoeA-CoeD are coefficients obtained according to the quality grade and the material thickness.
Preferably, the calculating the optimal cutting speed in the step (4) includes the step of calculating the arc speed, specifically:
the arc speed is calculated according to the following formula:
ArcSpeed＝MinSpeedGxx+(GxxSpeed－MinSpeedGxx)/H×R；
wherein GxxSpeed is the linear cutting speed, minSpeedGxx is the minimum cutting speed, H is the material thickness, and R is the arc radius in the path track.
Preferably, the working conditions of the current machine tool in the step (2) include a jewel mouth aperture, a sand pipe aperture, high-pressure, abrasive flow and abrasive quality grade factors.
The device for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning treatment aiming at different materials in the numerical control system is mainly characterized by comprising the following components:
a processor configured to execute computer-executable instructions;
and the memory stores one or more computer executable instructions which, when executed by the processor, realize the steps of the method for calculating and planning cutting speeds for different materials in the numerical control system.
The processor for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning processing for different materials in the numerical control system is mainly characterized in that the processor is configured to execute computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning processing for different materials in the numerical control system are realized.
The computer readable storage medium is mainly characterized in that the computer readable storage medium is stored with a computer program, and the computer program can be executed by a processor to realize each step of the method for calculating and planning cutting speed for different materials in the numerical control system.
The method, the device, the processor and the computer readable storage medium thereof for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning processing for different materials in the numerical control system are adopted, and the method for planning the cutting speed of various materials is provided, is used for rapidly and accurately calculating the optimal cutting speeds of a machine tool for cutting different kinds of materials with different thicknesses under various working conditions and planning the speeds of round arc sections before and after corners, and ensures the cutting quality, the contour precision and the cutting efficiency of a processed workpiece.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for implementing cutting speed calculation and planning processing for different materials in a numerical control system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of velocity acceleration and deceleration strategies before and after inflection points of a method for calculating and planning cutting velocity for different materials in a numerical control system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a functional interface of a portion of a numerical control system for implementing a method for calculating and planning cutting speeds for different materials in the numerical control system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly describe the technical contents of the present invention, a further description will be made below in connection with specific embodiments.
The method for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning treatment for different materials in the numerical control system comprises the following steps:
(1) Initializing in a numerical control system, and inputting required parameters;
(2) Deducing parameter indexes of a cutting material mathematical model formula through cutting test data, verifying an established material model, and integrating a material model library function of a numerical control system;
(3) Inputting corresponding values required by the function according to specific cutting conditions, and calculating and generating the cutting speed which meets the requirements best;
(4) Performing automatic planning response according to track information in the loaded cutting path file, and calculating the optimal cutting speed;
(5) Determining the cutting speed of the inflection point section according to the calculated cutting speed and combining the transition mode of the inflection point in the path track;
(6) And planning the speed acceleration and deceleration modes before and after the inflection point according to the calculated acceleration and deceleration section length and the speed change rate.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step (1) specifically includes the steps of:
selecting a corresponding material type to be cut from a numerical control system material model library, and inputting the thickness of the material;
(1.2) inputting the working condition of the current machine tool;
(1.3) selecting the quality level required by the part to be cut, and setting the calculation result into the numerical control system.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculating of the optimal cutting speed in the step (4) includes calculating a linear cutting speed, specifically:
the linear cutting speed was calculated according to the following formula:
GxxSpeed＝pow(Fa，1.15)×pow(Nm，1.15)×pow(Pw，1.8331)×pow(Do，1.5801)×pow(Ma，0.39445)/pow(C，1.15)×pow(Q，1.15)×pow(H，1.15)×pow(Df，0.7107)；
wherein Fa is abrasive quality factor, nm is material cutting performance index, pw is high-pressure water jet pressure, do is jewel mouth aperture, ma is abrasive flow, C is fixed coefficient, Q is cutting quality grade, H is material thickness, df is sand pipe aperture.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculating of the optimal cutting speed in the step (4) includes a step of calculating a minimum cutting speed, specifically:
the minimum cutting speed is calculated according to the following formula:
MinSpeedGxx＝GxxSpeed－42×(CoeA×pow(H，CoeB)+CoeC×H+CoeD)×GxxSpeed；
wherein GxxSpeed is the linear cutting speed, H is the material thickness, and CoeA-CoeD are coefficients obtained according to the quality grade and the material thickness.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculating of the optimal cutting speed in the step (4) includes a step of calculating a circular arc speed, specifically:
the arc speed is calculated according to the following formula:
ArcSpeed＝MinSpeedGxx+(GxxSpeed－MinSpeedGxx)/H×R；
wherein GxxSpeed is the linear cutting speed, minSpeedGxx is the minimum cutting speed, H is the material thickness, and R is the arc radius in the path track.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the working conditions of the present machine tool in the step (2) include a jewel orifice diameter, a sand pipe orifice diameter, a high pressure, an abrasive flow rate and an abrasive quality grade factor.
The device for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning treatment for different materials in the numerical control system comprises:
a processor configured to execute computer-executable instructions;
and the memory stores one or more computer executable instructions which, when executed by the processor, realize the steps of the method for calculating and planning cutting speeds for different materials in the numerical control system.
The processor for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning processing for different materials in the numerical control system is configured to execute computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning processing for different materials in the numerical control system are realized.
The computer readable storage medium of the present invention has a computer program stored thereon, the computer program being executable by a processor to implement the steps of the method for calculating and planning cutting speeds for different materials in the numerical control system described above.
For materials such as stone, ceramic tile, rock plate and the like which are commonly used, production and processing efficiency is generally required to be improved as much as possible under the condition of ensuring certain precision; for some special materials such as alloy, stainless steel, carbon fiber and the like, the cost is generally high, the processing precision requirement is high, on the premise that the cutting speed cannot be accurately obtained, the optimal speed is found by adopting a multi-time trial cutting mode, so that the material waste is caused, the processing efficiency is reduced, and the optimal cutting speed of corners and circular arc sections is difficult to ensure by adopting a common speed processing method.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, a method for planning cutting speeds of various materials is provided, and is used for rapidly and accurately calculating the optimal cutting speeds of a machine tool for cutting different types and thicknesses of materials under various working conditions and planning the speeds of the front and rear circular arc sections of corners, so that the cutting quality, the contour precision and the cutting efficiency of a processed workpiece are ensured.
When the speed planning method is used, the function needs to be started in a numerical control system, a series of necessary parameters are set, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
step1: selecting a corresponding material type to be cut (new materials can be added) in a numerical control system material model library, and inputting the thickness of the material;
step2: inputting the working conditions (jewel mouth aperture, sand pipe aperture, high-pressure, abrasive flow and abrasive quality grade factors) of the current machine tool;
step3: after the quality level required by the part to be cut is selected, the calculation result is set in the numerical control system.
The figure of the partial functional interface of the numerical control system is shown in figure 3.
The invention is characterized in that a large amount of cutting test data are used for deducing parameter indexes of a cutting material mathematical model formula, verifying the accuracy and the universality of an established material model, integrating the parameter indexes into a material model library function of a numerical control system, then a user inputs corresponding values required by the function according to specific cutting conditions to calculate and generate the cutting speed which meets the requirements best, and simultaneously the numerical control system automatically plans and responds according to track information (corners) in a loaded cutting tool path file, and the material mathematical model formula for calculating the optimal cutting speed is as follows:
equation one:
calculating cutting speed, and referring to a simplified formula of a ZENG-KIM model
GxxSpeed＝pow(Fa，1.15)×pow(Nm，1.15)×pow(Pw，1.8331)×pow(Do，1.5801)×pow(Ma，0.39445)/pow(C，1.15)×pow(Q，1.15)×pow(H，1.15)×pow(Df，0.7107)；
Formula II:
calculating a minimum cutting speed
MinSpeedGxx＝GxxSpeed－42×(CoeA×pow(H，CoeB)+CoeC×H+CoeD)×GxxSpeed；
The MinSpeedGxx calculation formula is that parameter coefficients are deduced according to experimental data, and a three-dimensional coefficient matrix of CoeA-CoeD is a key coefficient deduced according to the experimental data.
And (3) a formula III:
calculating the arc speed
ArcSpeed＝MinSpeedGxx+(GxxSpeed－MinSpeedGxx)/H×R；
Wherein, the calculation formula of ArcSpeed is the parameter coefficient deduced according to experimental data.
According to the calculated speed, three transition modes of straight line and straight line, straight line and circular arc at the inflection point in the tool path track are comprehensively considered, and finally the inflection point cutting speed is determined.
MIN (ArcSpeed, cornerSpeed, gxxSpeed), in order to secure the inflection point region cutting effect, a minimum value is generally taken as the cutting speed of the inflection point segment.
And after the cutting speed of the inflection point section and the cutting of the normal processing section are determined, the software plans a speed acceleration and deceleration strategy before and after the inflection point according to the calculated acceleration and deceleration section length and the speed change rate, as shown in figure 2.
Taking the acceleration section as an example:
v inflection point distance = inflection point velocity
V acceleration step1 = inflection point velocity + inflection point acceleration change rate x acceleration step
V acceleration step 2= (inflection point velocity+inflection point acceleration change rate x acceleration step) +inflection point acceleration change rate x acceleration step
…
Until the cutting speed calculated by the material model is accelerated, the speed change condition of the deceleration section is opposite to the cutting speed.
The parameters in the above formula are described:
GxxSpeed is cutting speed, minSpeedGxx is minimum cutting speed, arcSpeed is arc speed, cornerespeed is inflection point connection speed, fa is abrasive quality factor (quality grade of abrasive), nm is material cutting performance index, pw is high pressure water jet pressure, do is jewel mouth aperture, ma is abrasive flow, C is fixed coefficient, Q is cutting quality grade (five grades, very coarse, medium, fine, very fine), H is material thickness, df is sand tube aperture, coeA-CoeD is obtained in coefficient table according to quality grade and material thickness, R is arc radius in path track.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, coeA-CoeD are obtained according to the following calculations:
CoeA＝VminObtainCoe[QTemp][HTemp][0]；
CoeB＝VminObtainCoe[QTemp][HTemp][1]；
CoeC＝VminObtainCoe[QTemp][HTemp][2]；
CoeD＝VminObtainCoe[QTemp][HTemp][3]；
determining QTemp from cut quality level
QTemp＝[0，1，2，3，4]
Grading according to H thickness:
>200
HTemp＝3
(100－200]
HTemp＝2
(20－100]
HTemp＝1
(0－20]
HTemp＝0
CoeA-CoeD take values from the three-dimensional array below:
Coe[5][4][4]＝{{{0.004697，0.928，－0.003337，0.009156}，{－0.03227，－0.2887，－1.085e－5，0.03193}，{－0.03724，－0.5495，－1.799e－6，0.02546}，{－0.1817，－0.007302，－2.582e－6，0.1984}}，{{0.004426，0.9307，－0.003135，0.007503}，{0.07262，0.05502，－3.602e－5，－0.0682}，{－0.1266，－0.8782，0.，0.02402}，{0.002822，0.2248，－5.369e－6，0.0146}}，{{0.003807，0.9371，－0.002708，0.005521}，{0.0436，0.09479，－3.926e－5，－0.04274}，{0.09787，0.03383，－1.262e－5，－0.0923}，{0.0004073，0.5852，－1.898e－5，0.01702}}，{{0.00516，0.9664，－0.004253，0.004406}，{0.01656，0.1977，－4.963e－5，－0.01635}，{0.2088，0.02044，－1.426e－5，－0.2081}，{0.0007661，0.5131，－1.994e－5，0.01411}}，{{0.002682，0.9446，－0.001889，0.003635}，{0.007753，0.3136，－6.547e－5，－0.007297}，{－0.06631，－0.3831，－4.4420e－6，0.03082}，{0.0006294，0.5851，－2.894e－5，0.01304}}}；
the specific implementation manner of this embodiment may be referred to the related description in the foregoing embodiment, which is not repeated herein.
It is to be understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments may be referred to each other, and that in some embodiments, the same or similar parts in other embodiments may be referred to.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and further implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
It is to be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution device. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as is well known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps carried out in the method of the above embodiments may be implemented by a program to instruct related hardware, and the corresponding program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, where the program when executed includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one module. The integrated modules may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules. The integrated modules may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product.
The above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or the like.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The method, the device, the processor and the computer readable storage medium thereof for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning processing for different materials in the numerical control system are adopted, and the method for planning the cutting speed of various materials is provided, is used for rapidly and accurately calculating the optimal cutting speeds of a machine tool for cutting different kinds of materials with different thicknesses under various working conditions and planning the speeds of round arc sections before and after corners, and ensures the cutting quality, the contour precision and the cutting efficiency of a processed workpiece.
In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will be apparent, however, that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
Claims (6)
1. The method for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning treatment for different materials in a numerical control system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Initializing in a numerical control system, and inputting required parameters;
(2) Deducing parameter indexes of a cutting material mathematical model formula through cutting test data, verifying an established material model, and integrating a material model library function of a numerical control system;
(3) Inputting corresponding values required by the function according to specific cutting conditions, and calculating and generating the cutting speed which meets the requirements best;
(4) Performing automatic planning response according to track information in the loaded cutting path file, and calculating the optimal cutting speed;
(5) Determining the cutting speed of the inflection point section according to the optimal cutting speed calculated in the step (4) and combining a transition mode at the inflection point in the path track;
(6) Planning a speed acceleration and deceleration mode before and after the inflection point according to the calculated acceleration and deceleration section length and the speed change rate;
the step (4) of calculating the optimal cutting speed comprises the step of calculating the linear cutting speed, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the linear cutting speed was calculated according to the following formula:
GxxSpeed＝pow(Fa，1.15)×pow(Nm，1.15)×pow(Pw，1.8331)×pow(Do，1.5801)×pow(Ma，0.39445)/pow(C，1.15)×pow(Q，1.15)×pow(H，1.15)×pow(Df，
0.7107)；
wherein Fa is an abrasive quality factor, nm is a material cutting performance index, pw is high-pressure water jet pressure, do is a jewel mouth aperture, ma is abrasive flow, C is a fixed coefficient, Q is a cutting quality grade, H is a material thickness, and Df is a sand pipe aperture;
the step (4) of calculating the optimal cutting speed comprises the step of calculating the minimum cutting speed, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the minimum cutting speed is calculated according to the following formula:
MinSpeedGxx＝GxxSpeed－42×(CoeA×pow(H，CoeB)+CoeC×H+CoeD)×GxxSpeed；
wherein GxxSpeed is the linear cutting speed, H is the material thickness, and CoeA-CoeD are coefficients obtained according to the quality grade and the material thickness;
the step (4) of calculating the optimal cutting speed comprises the step of calculating the arc speed, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the arc speed is calculated according to the following formula:
ArcSpeed＝MinSpeedGxx+(GxxSpeed－MinSpeedGxx)/H×R；
wherein GxxSpeed is the linear cutting speed, minSpeedGxx is the minimum cutting speed, H is the material thickness, and R is the arc radius in the path track;
according to the calculated linear cutting speed, minimum cutting speed and arc speed, three transition modes of the straight line and the straight line at the inflection point in the tool path track, the straight line and the arc, and the arc are considered, and finally the inflection point cutting speed is determined; MIN (ArcSpeed, cornerSpeed, gxxSpeed), the minimum value is taken as the cutting speed of the inflection point segment.
2. The method for calculating and planning cutting speed for different materials in the numerical control system according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting a corresponding material type to be cut from a numerical control system material model library, and inputting the thickness of the material;
(1.2) inputting the working condition of the current machine tool;
(1.3) selecting the quality level required by the part to be cut, and setting the calculation result into the numerical control system.
3. The method for calculating and planning cutting speed for different materials according to claim 2, wherein the working conditions of the current machine tool in the step (1.2) include a jewel mouth aperture, a sand pipe aperture, a high pressure, an abrasive flow rate and an abrasive quality grade factor.
4. The device for realizing cutting speed calculation and planning treatment for different materials in a numerical control system is characterized by comprising the following components:
a processor configured to execute computer-executable instructions;
a memory storing one or more computer executable instructions which, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the method of performing cutting speed calculation and planning for different materials in a numerical control system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. A processor for use in a numerical control system for performing cutting speed calculations and planning for different materials, the processor being configured to execute computer executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the method for performing cutting speed calculations and planning for different materials in a numerical control system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.
6. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program executable by a processor to perform the steps of the method of calculating and planning cutting speed for different materials in a numerical control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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