CN114166562A - Triple-pipe single-dynamic-pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler and soil sampling method - Google Patents
Triple-pipe single-dynamic-pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler and soil sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114166562A CN114166562A CN202111542254.2A CN202111542254A CN114166562A CN 114166562 A CN114166562 A CN 114166562A CN 202111542254 A CN202111542254 A CN 202111542254A CN 114166562 A CN114166562 A CN 114166562A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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Abstract
The invention discloses a triple-pipe single-pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler and a soil sampling method, wherein the triple-pipe single-pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler comprises a drill rod joint, an outer pipe and a drill bit which are sequentially connected, and further comprises a feeding pressure compensation mechanism in the outer pipe and an inner pipe soil sampling mechanism which moves linearly; the feeding pressure compensation mechanism is connected with the drill rod joint and is connected with the inner pipe soil taking mechanism; a water passing channel communicated with the outer pipe, the feeding pressure compensation mechanism and the inner pipe soil taking mechanism is formed among the outer pipe, the feeding pressure compensation mechanism and the inner pipe soil taking mechanism; the length of the inner pipe leading drill bit is automatically adjusted according to the hardness of the soil layer through the feeding pressure compensation mechanism; the feeding pressure compensation mechanism utilizes the cam principle to realize that the soil sampler gives the inner pipe soil sampling mechanism (without rotation) cyclic reciprocating axial propelling force in the outer pipe rotary drilling process, thereby enhancing the pipe shoe soil cutting capability, ensuring the sampling quality and improving the sampling efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering investigation soil sampling equipment, in particular to a triple-tube single-pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler and a soil sampling method.
Background
The drilling and sampling are one of important links in engineering geological exploration, and the quality of a sample directly influences test indexes and has important influence on engineering design. The sampling quality of undisturbed soil is mainly affected by the soil sampler and the sampling operation. Common soil samplers in the current market are 1, thin-wall and thick-wall injection type soil samplers; 2. danesen, pechel double-pipe single-action rotary soil sampler; 3. the double-tube double-action rotary soil sampler and other types can obtain undisturbed soil samples only by the thin-wall soil sampler and the rotary soil sampler according to the standard requirements, and the thin-wall soil sampler and the rotary soil sampler are provided with a plurality of soil sampling cylinders, a soil pusher is required for soil sample unloading in a laboratory, and certain disturbance is caused to the soil samples in the soil unloading process. Therefore, the research and development of the soil sampler which can ensure the sampling quality and has higher sampling efficiency than the prior art is urgently needed.
Through the retrieval of published documents, the following patents which are most relevant to the technical scheme are found:
CN101037859B discloses a double-barrelled single action valve formula core geotome, it is a tool that geotechnical engineering investigation was used for adopting whole section soil core of building site foundation soil and original state soil sample, it is heavy pipe single action gyration soil sampler that impresses, its inner tube comprises the rock core pipe and the half-open bushing pipe, bushing and spring valve device that hold the soil core, spring valve device comprises valve seat, spring turnover board and loose tube boots, the outer pipe joint design has the flush fluid passageway and the check ball valve of the control connecting shaft passageway and the drainage hole perpendicular to the joint that communicate with the drilling rod. The core-taking soil sampler is suitable for cohesive soil, silt and fine sand, core-taking and sampling are completed simultaneously in one drilling cycle, the core-taking and sampling device has the function of preventing a soil core and a soil sample from falling off, the drilling footage can be accurately controlled, the core-taking rate reaches the relevant requirements specified by the specification (the cohesive soil is not less than 80 percent, the sandy soil is not less than 65 percent), the soil-taking quality is superior to that of a conventional (thick-wall) soil sampler, and the drilling efficiency is obviously higher than that of the conventional core-taking and sampling drilling process.
Firstly, when sampling in a hard soil stratum, soil samples are not easy to enter a pipe shoe, so that a drill bit is suspended and cannot cut a soil layer well, and the sampling efficiency is not high; secondly, adopt the valve design, the structure is complicated, and loading and unloading are inconvenient. In order to overcome the defects in the prior art or further improve the sampling efficiency in the prior art, the invention provides a triple-tube single-dynamic-pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a triple-pipe single-dynamic-pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler and a soil sampling method.
The invention is realized in this way, a triple-pipe single-dynamic pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler comprises a drill rod joint and an outer pipe which rotates along with the drill rod joint, wherein the outer pipe comprises an outer pipe upper section and an outer pipe lower section, the outer pipe upper section is in threaded connection with the drill rod joint, the lower end of the outer pipe upper section is in threaded connection with the upper end of the outer pipe lower section, and the lower end of the outer pipe lower section is in threaded connection with a drill bit; the method is characterized in that: the soil sampling device also comprises an inner pipe soil sampling mechanism which is arranged in the outer pipe and moves linearly relative to the outer pipe, and a feeding pressure compensation mechanism connected with a drill rod joint is arranged in the upper section of the outer pipe; a water passing channel communicated with the outer pipe, the inner pipe soil sampling mechanism and the feeding pressure compensation mechanism is formed between the outer pipe and the inner pipe soil sampling mechanism; the feeding pressure compensation mechanism comprises a connecting shaft arranged in the center of the drill rod connector; the connecting shaft is sleeved with a ball gland, a ball retainer and a supporting seat, wherein the ball gland is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the drill rod connector through a fastener, and the ball retainer is connected with the upper end face of the supporting seat through the fastener; the lower surface of the ball gland is provided with an annular wave-shaped bulge, a through hole is arranged on the ball retainer corresponding to the position of the annular wave-shaped bulge, a ball is embedded in the through hole, and the lower end of the ball is supported and arranged in a ball groove of the supporting seat; a sliding guide sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the supporting seat, and the upper end of the sliding guide sleeve is in threaded connection with a ball gland; a rotary sealing component is arranged between the sliding guide sleeve and the excircle of the supporting seat, so that good sealing performance is ensured in the processes of rotation and up-and-down movement; the lower end of the supporting seat is in threaded connection with a spline sleeve, the spline sleeve is in spline fit with the upper end of the transition connecting sleeve, the outer part of the lower end of the spline sleeve is in threaded connection with a transition connecting sleeve limiting seat, and the lower end of the transition connecting sleeve limiting seat is in sliding fit with the transition connecting sleeve; the lower end of the connecting shaft extends out of the supporting seat, an elastic rotary supporting assembly which enables the ball bearing to be attached to the annular wavy bulge is arranged on the connecting shaft, and the elastic rotary supporting assembly ensures effective matching of the wavy bulge and the ball bearing; the self-adaptive spring is installed in the spline sleeve, the upper end of the self-adaptive spring is abutted to the lower end face of the supporting seat, the lower end of the self-adaptive spring is abutted to the upper end face of the transition connecting sleeve, and the self-adaptive spring has the function of automatically adjusting the advance amount of the advance drill bit of the movable pipe shoe along with the hardness of a stratum, so that the quick drilling is facilitated to obtain a soil sample.
The drill rod joint is provided with a water supply hole communicated with the water passing channel; the lower end of the feeding pressure compensation mechanism is connected with an inner pipe upper joint of the inner pipe soil taking mechanism through a transitional connecting sleeve in a threaded manner; the inner pipe of the inner pipe soil taking mechanism is connected with the lower end of the inner pipe upper joint through internal threads; the upper end of the inner pipe upper joint is provided with a volume chamber, and a valve ball is arranged on a valve seat at the bottom of the volume chamber.
Preferably, the inner tube of the inner tube soil sampling mechanism is a split inner tube, the inner tube soil sampling mechanism further comprises a liner tube arranged in the inner tube, the liner tube is a slotted liner tube, and the inner tube soil sampling mechanism further comprises an inner tube lower joint and a movable tube shoe which are arranged at the lower end of the inner tube.
Preferably, a sealing ring is arranged between the transition connecting sleeve limiting seat and the transition connecting sleeve.
Preferably, the elastic rotary supporting component comprises a rotary pressure bearing installed at the lower end of the connecting shaft through a locking nut, a rotary pressure supporting sleeve is installed on the rotary pressure bearing seat, a supporting spring is sleeved on an outer circular shoulder of the rotary pressure supporting sleeve, and the upper end face of the supporting spring abuts against the lower end face of the supporting seat.
Preferably, the lower joint of the inner pipe comprises an inner pipe connecting section and a pre-tightening section, the inner pipe connecting section is in threaded connection with the inner pipe, a positioning table and a first pre-tightening guide conical surface are arranged at the joint of the inner pipe connecting section and the pre-tightening section of the lower joint of the inner pipe, and the positioning table is used for lower limit of the liner pipe; the lower end of the inner pipe is provided with a pre-tightening section of a lower joint of the inner pipe; an annular pre-tightening table is arranged at the upper port of the movable pipe shoe along the circumferential direction, and a second pre-tightening guide conical surface matched with the first pre-tightening guide conical surface in the pre-tightening section is arranged on the annular pre-tightening table; and a pre-tightening notch is formed in the annular pre-tightening table along the circumferential direction.
Preferably, the excircle of the lower end part of the lower joint of the inner pipe is in a conical structure.
Preferably, the drill bit is an inner rib drill bit.
Preferably, a slurry outlet for discharging the pressure in the volume chamber to the water passage is provided in a side wall of the volume chamber.
Preferably, the upper part of the transition connecting sleeve is in threaded connection with a guide sleeve for self-adaptive spring guiding and limiting.
The soil sampling method of the triple-pipe single-pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: before sampling, the drilling machine is ensured to be stable, the drilling tool is vertical, and the rotation is stable without obvious shaking during drilling; all parts of the soil sampler are stably connected, and the ball valve has good performance;
step 2: according to the characteristics of strata at different depths, controlling the drilling pressure, the rotating speed, the flushing fluid amount and the like, ensuring the normal work of an inner pipe soil taking mechanism of the soil taking device, and ensuring that the amount of a pipe shoe advanced drill bit is not more than 30-40 mm; selecting reasonable rotating speed to ensure that the pressure compensation of the feeding pressure compensation mechanism to the soil sampler is stable;
and step 3: after the sampling reaches the designed depth, stopping drilling, slowly pulling the soil sampler to make the valve ball seal the valve seat, and making the soil sample stay in the inner tube of the soil sampler under the action of vacuum; meanwhile, the loose tube boot is driven to pull down by the soil sample, so that the lower joint of the inner tube clamps the soil sample in the loose tube boot;
and 4, step 4: after the soil sampler is lifted out of the drilling hole, the upper section of the outer pipe is fixed, the lower section of the outer pipe and the drill bit are integrally disassembled, and the inner pipe soil sampling mechanism is exposed;
and 5: fixing the inner pipe, detaching the lower joint of the inner pipe, cutting a soil sample along the lower end surface of the inner pipe by using a soil cutting wire saw, and pushing out soil in the movable pipe boot;
and 7: covering two ends of the liner tube by using liner tube covers, sticking a soil sample label, sticking a gap of the liner tube by using an adhesive tape, and then timely sealing the liner tube by wax until the liner tube is sent to a soil test room for testing;
and 8: cleaning the surplus soil and slurry of the split inner pipe, the pipe shoe and the upper and lower joints of the inner pipe, checking the performance of a ball valve of the joint on the inner pipe and the condition of the cutting edge of the pipe shoe, and reassembling after all the parts are normal;
and step 9: fixing an upper joint of the inner pipe, combining the split inner pipes together, and installing the split inner pipes on the upper joint of the inner pipe;
step 10: inserting a new liner tube into the liner tube clamping groove of the inner tube from the lower end opening of the inner tube;
step 11: fixing the inner pipe, sleeving the movable pipe shoe on the lower connector of the inner pipe, and connecting the lower connector of the inner pipe with the inner pipe;
step 12: the outer pipe upper segment is fixed, and the outer pipe lower segment and the drill bit connector are connected with the outer pipe upper segment, so far, the soil sampler is assembled and completed, and the next sampling is waited.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and the technical effects that:
the triple-pipe single-dynamic pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler has the functions of the existing triple-pipe single-dynamic sampler, and the feed pressure compensation mechanism is added, so that the advance length of a pipe boot advance bit can be automatically adjusted according to the softness and hardness of a soil layer, and meanwhile, the feed pressure compensation mechanism circularly and repeatedly gives axial propelling force to the pipe boot in the rotary drilling process, and the soil cutting capability of the pipe boot is enhanced; the feeding pressure compensation mechanism has the advantages of simple and durable structure, good sealing performance and the like, and can effectively improve the sampling quality and efficiency.
The triple-pipe single-dynamic-pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler is characterized in that a drill rod joint is connected with a drill rod to provide rotary power for an outer pipe and drive a drill bit to drill in a rotary manner; the feeding pressure compensation mechanism circularly applies axial pressure to the inner pipe soil sampling mechanism according to the cam principle, so that a soil sample can conveniently enter the inner pipe, and the sampling efficiency is improved; the feeding pressure compensation mechanism applies axial elastic force to the inner tube soil taking mechanism, so that on one hand, hard contact between the loose tube shoe and the soil body is avoided, the soil body is cut by the drill bit, on the other hand, the loose tube shoe can be pressed into the soil body by variable axial jacking force, and the sampling efficiency is further improved; last inner tube top connection is used for discharging the intraductal residual flush fluid of inner tube, can avoid on the one hand that the inner tube mechanism of fetching earth forms "pressure spring" and hinders the soil sample and get into, and on the other hand, after soil sample gets into the inner tube mechanism of fetching earth, the interior flush fluid of inner tube backs down the valve ball in the interior pipe top connection and is discharged by the mud export of inner tube top connection, can form the negative pressure in the inner tube mechanism of fetching earth after the valve ball resets, effectively avoids soil sample outwards to drop by loose pipe boot.
According to the triple-pipe single-pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler, the length of the pipe shoe advance drill bit can be automatically adjusted by the inner pipe soil sampling mechanism according to the hardness of a soil layer, the loose pipe shoe and the thick-wall semi-closed pipe are organically combined by the inner pipe lower connector, sample falling is prevented, the area ratio of the soil sampler is guaranteed to be below 10%, meanwhile, a slotted liner pipe (namely a sampling cylinder) is embedded in the thick-wall semi-closed pipe (namely the inner pipe), the link of soil sample unloading by a soil pusher in a test room is omitted, and soil sample disturbance is reduced.
In addition, a positioning table and a first pre-tightening guide conical surface are arranged at the joint of the inner pipe connecting section and the pre-tightening section of the inner pipe lower joint; the lower end of the inner pipe is provided with a pre-tightening section of a lower joint of the inner pipe; an annular pre-tightening table is arranged at the upper port of the movable pipe shoe along the circumferential direction, and a second pre-tightening guide conical surface matched with the first pre-tightening guide conical surface in the pre-tightening section is arranged on the annular pre-tightening table; a pre-tightening notch is formed in the annular pre-tightening table along the circumferential direction; when the soil device is extracted, the soil sample is automatically clamped, and the sample is prevented from falling off. Broken pieces are arranged on the inner wall of the drill bit along the circumferential direction, so that the limiting and guiding of the movable pipe shoe can be effectively guaranteed, and the drilling and slurry discharging efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a half-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the outer tube construction removed;
FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the feed pressure compensation mechanism;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a ball gland configuration;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the lower junction structure of the inner tube;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the activating pipe boot;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a mud outlet overhead configuration.
In the figure, 1, a drill rod joint; 1-1, water supply holes; 2. an outer tube; 2-1, the upper section of the outer pipe; 2-2, the lower section of the outer pipe; 3. a drill bit; 3-1, crushing blocks; 4. an inner pipe soil taking mechanism; 4-0, connecting the inner pipe with an upper joint; 4-01, volume chamber; 4-1, inner tube; 4-2, lining pipe; 5. a lower joint of the inner pipe; 5-1, an inner pipe connecting section; 5-2, a pre-tightening section; 5-3, a positioning table; 5-4, a first pre-tightening guide conical surface; 6. a flexible pipe boot; 6-1, annular pre-tightening tables; 6-2, a second pre-tightening guide cone; 6-3, pre-tightening the notch; 7. a water passage; 8. a feed pressure compensation mechanism; 8-1, connecting shaft; 8-2, a ball gland; 8-20 of annular wave-shaped bulges; 8-3, a ball retainer; 8-30 parts of through holes; 8-4, a supporting seat; 8-40 parts of a support plate; 8-41 parts of a sliding guide sleeve; 8-5, rolling balls; 8-6, rotating the sealing member; 8-7, spline housing; 8-9, transition connecting sleeve limiting seats; 8-10 parts of an elastic rotary support component; 8-101, locking nut; 8-102, a rotary pressure bearing; 8-103, a rotary pressure support sleeve; 8-104 parts of supporting springs; 8-11, a self-adaptive spring; 8-12, sealing ring; 9. a transitional connecting sleeve; 10. a valve ball; 11. a slurry outlet; 12. and a guide sleeve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a triple-pipe single-dynamic pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler includes a drill rod joint 1, and an outer pipe 2 rotating along with the drill rod joint, where the outer pipe 2 includes an outer pipe upper section 2-1 and an outer pipe lower section 2-2, the outer pipe upper section is connected to the drill rod joint through a screw thread, the outer pipe upper section is connected to the outer pipe lower section through a screw thread, and the outer pipe lower section is connected to a drill bit 3 through a screw thread; the soil sampler also comprises an inner pipe soil taking mechanism 4 which is arranged in the outer pipe and moves linearly relative to the outer pipe, an inner pipe upper joint 4-0 which is arranged at the upper end of the inner pipe, an inner pipe lower joint 5 which is arranged at the lower end of the inner pipe and a movable pipe shoe 6; a feeding pressure compensation mechanism 8 connected with a drill rod joint is arranged in the upper section of the outer pipe; a water passing channel 7 communicated with the outer pipe, the inner pipe and the feeding pressure compensation mechanism 8 is formed between the outer pipe and the inner pipe, and a water supply hole 1-1 communicated with the water passing channel is formed in the drill rod joint 1; the lower end of the feeding pressure compensation mechanism is in threaded connection with an inner pipe upper joint 4-0 of the inner pipe soil taking mechanism through a transition connecting sleeve 9; the lower end of the inner pipe upper joint 4-0 is internally threaded with an inner pipe 4-1 of the inner pipe soil taking mechanism; the upper end of the upper connector of the inner pipe is provided with a volume chamber 4-01, a valve ball 10 is arranged on a valve seat at the bottom of the volume chamber, and preferably, a slurry outlet 11 for discharging the pressure of the volume chamber to a water passing channel is arranged on the side wall of the volume chamber; and in the sampling process, slurry contained in the volume chamber of the transition connecting sleeve is discharged to the water passing channel 7 through the slurry outlet, so that side slurry discharge is realized.
The slurry outlet 11 may also be an upper discharge manner in the prior art, that is, the connecting shaft adopts a hollow structure, the hollow connecting shaft is communicated with the volume chamber of the transition connecting sleeve, and a slurry outlet communicated with the hollow connecting shaft is arranged on the drill rod connector to discharge slurry upwards, please refer to fig. 9.
According to the invention, by adding the feeding pressure compensation mechanism, the length of the movable pipe shoe advance drill bit can be automatically adjusted according to the hardness degree of the soil layer, so that the movable pipe shoe advance drill bit is beneficial to drilling and soil taking; the feeding pressure compensation mechanism utilizes the annular convex surface to provide axial and reciprocating propelling force for the inner pipe soil taking mechanism in the rotary drilling process, so that the sampling efficiency is improved; and after the parts are assembled, the gas pressure is balanced in the sampling process, so that the successful sampling is ensured, and the soil sample does not fall off.
Further preferably, the inner pipe soil sampling mechanism 4 comprises an inner pipe upper joint 4-0, a split inner pipe 4-1 in threaded connection with the inner pipe, and a liner pipe 4-2 embedded in the inner pipe, wherein the liner pipe is a slotted liner pipe, that is, a slot is arranged along the axial direction of the liner pipe.
Further preferably, the feed pressure compensation mechanism 8 comprises a connecting shaft 8-1 arranged in the center of the drill rod connector; the connecting shaft is sleeved with a ball gland 8-2, a ball retainer 8-3 and a supporting seat 8-4, wherein the ball gland 8-2 is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the drill rod connector through a fastening piece, and the ball retainer is connected with the upper end face of the supporting seat 8-4 through a fastening piece; the lower surface of the ball gland is provided with annular wave-shaped bulges 8-20, the ball retainer is provided with through holes 8-30 corresponding to the positions of the annular wave-shaped bulges, and balls 8-5 are embedded in the through holes; the lower ends of the balls are supported and arranged in ball grooves 8-40 of the supporting seat 8-4; a sliding guide sleeve 8-41 is arranged on the outer side of the supporting seat, and the upper end of the sliding guide sleeve is in threaded connection with a ball gland 8-2; a rotary sealing component 8-6 is arranged between the sliding guide sleeve and the excircle of the supporting seat, so that good sealing is ensured in the processes of rotation and up-and-down movement; the lower end of the supporting seat 8-4 is in threaded connection with a spline housing 8-7, the spline housing is in spline fit with the upper end of the transition connecting sleeve 9, the outer part of the lower end of the spline housing is in threaded connection with a transition connecting sleeve limiting seat 8-9, and the lower end of the transition connecting sleeve limiting seat is in sliding fit with the transition connecting sleeve; the lower end of the connecting shaft extends out of the supporting seat, an elastic rotary supporting component 8-10 which enables the ball to be kept attached to the annular wave-shaped bulge is arranged on the connecting shaft 8-1, the elastic rotary supporting component ensures effective matching of the wave-shaped bulge and the ball, a self-adaptive spring 8-11 is arranged in the spline sleeve, the upper end of the self-adaptive spring is abutted to the lower end face of the supporting seat, and the lower end of the self-adaptive spring is abutted to the upper end face of the transition connecting sleeve 9. The self-adaptation spring transmits pressure on the one hand, and on the other hand, according to the softness and hardness in stratum, the length of automatically regulated pipe shoe advance drill bit avoids soil sample disturbance, improves and creeps into sample efficiency.
Further preferably, a sealing ring 8-12 is arranged between the transition connecting sleeve limiting seat 8-9 and the transition connecting sleeve 9, so that impurities do not enter the feeding pressure compensation mechanism in the axial moving process, and the service life of parts in the feeding pressure compensation mechanism is prolonged.
Preferably, the elastic rotary supporting component 8-10 comprises a rotary pressure bearing 8-102 mounted at the lower end of the connecting shaft through a locking nut 8-101, the rotary pressure bearing seat is provided with a rotary pressure supporting sleeve 8-103, an outer circular shoulder of the rotary pressure supporting sleeve is sleeved with a supporting spring 8-104, and the upper end face of the supporting spring abuts against the lower end face of the supporting seat. Therefore, when the drill rod joint 1 drives the connecting shaft 8-1 to rotate, the rotary pressure support sleeve 8-103, the support spring 8-104 and the support seat 8-4 which are sleeved at the upper end of the rotary pressure bearing 8-102 of the connecting shaft 8-1 are ensured not to rotate.
Preferably, the inner pipe lower joint 5 comprises an inner pipe connecting section 5-1 and a pre-tightening section 5-2, the inner pipe connecting section is in threaded connection with the inner pipe 4-1, a positioning table 5-3 and a first pre-tightening guide conical surface 5-4 are arranged at the joint of the inner pipe connecting section and the pre-tightening section of the inner pipe lower joint, and the positioning table 5-3 is used for lower limiting of the liner pipe 4-2; the lower end of the inner pipe is provided with a pre-tightening section of a lower joint of the inner pipe, and a movable pipe shoe 6 is arranged in the pre-tightening section; an upper port of the movable pipe shoe is provided with an annular pre-tightening table 6-1 along the circumferential direction, and the annular pre-tightening table is provided with a second pre-tightening guide conical surface 6-2 matched with the first pre-tightening guide conical surface 5-4 in the pre-tightening section; a pre-tightening gap 6-3 is formed in the annular pre-tightening table along the circumferential direction; the pretension breach downwardly extending, extension length generally is 10 ~ 15mm, and the automatic upper edge of the loose pipe boot of chucking of inner tube lower clutch makes its internal contraction when last soil ware of drawing, and then the chucking soil sample prevents that the soil sample from droing.
Preferably, the outer circle of the lower end part of the inner pipe lower joint is of a conical structure, and the outer circle of the lower end part of the inner pipe lower joint is used for being matched with an inner rib drill to achieve the functions of limiting and coaxially guiding.
Further preferably, the drill 3 is an inner rib drill, wherein the inner rib functions as: firstly, the inner tube is prevented from sliding out in an unstressed state; secondly, the pipe boot plays a role in guiding the activating pipe boot; thirdly, cutting the annular soil body between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, and fourthly, facilitating the formation of a slurry channel.
Further preferably, the upper portion threaded connection of transition connecting sleeve has uide bushing 12, has spacing effect on the one hand, still has the effect of direction in addition, prevents that the self-adaptation spring from taking place lateral deformation after the pressurized, guarantees the effective cooperation of the annular wave form arch of lower surface of ball gland and ball.
The using method of the invention comprises the following steps of 1: before sampling, the drilling machine is ensured to be stable, the drilling tool is vertical, and the rotation is stable without obvious shaking during drilling; the soil sampler needs to check that all parts are connected stably and have good air tightness;
step 2: according to the characteristics of strata at different depths, the drilling pressure, the rotation speed, the flushing liquid amount and the like are controlled, the normal work of an inner pipe soil taking mechanism of the soil taking device is ensured, and the advance amount of the movable pipe shoe is not more than 30-40 mm; selecting reasonable rotating speed to ensure that the pressure compensation of the feeding pressure compensation mechanism to the soil sampler is stable;
and step 3: after the sampling reaches the designed depth, stopping drilling, slowly pulling the soil sampler to enable the ball valve to seal the valve seat, and enabling the soil sample to stay in the inner pipe of the soil sampler under the action of vacuum; meanwhile, the loose tube boot is driven to pull down by the soil sample, so that the lower joint of the inner tube clamps the soil sample in the loose tube boot;
and 4, step 4: after the soil sampler is lifted out of the drilling hole, the upper section of the outer pipe is fixed, the lower section of the outer pipe and the drill bit are integrally disassembled, and the inner pipe soil sampling mechanism is exposed;
and 5: fixing the inner pipe, detaching the lower joint of the inner pipe, cutting a soil sample along the lower end surface of the inner pipe by using a soil cutting wire saw, and pushing out soil in the movable pipe boot;
and 7: covering two ends of the liner tube by using liner tube covers, sticking a soil sample label, sticking a gap of the liner tube by using an adhesive tape, and then timely sealing the liner tube by wax until the liner tube is sent to a soil test room for testing;
and 8: cleaning the residual soil and slurry of the split inner pipe, the movable pipe shoe and the upper and lower joints of the inner pipe, checking the performance of a ball valve of the joint on the inner pipe and the condition of the cutting edge of the pipe shoe, and reassembling after all the components are normal;
step 10: inserting a new liner tube into the liner tube clamping groove of the inner tube from the lower end opening of the inner tube;
step 11: fixing the inner pipe, sleeving the movable pipe shoe on the lower connector of the inner pipe, and connecting the lower connector of the inner pipe with the inner pipe;
step 12: the outer pipe upper segment is fixed, and the outer pipe lower segment and the drill bit connector are connected with the outer pipe upper segment, so far, the soil sampler is assembled and completed, and the next sampling is waited.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The triple-pipe single-dynamic-pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler comprises a drill rod joint and an outer pipe which rotates along with the drill rod joint, wherein the outer pipe comprises an outer pipe upper section and an outer pipe lower section, the outer pipe upper section is in threaded connection with the drill rod joint, the lower end of the outer pipe upper section is in threaded connection with the upper end of the outer pipe lower section, and the lower end of the outer pipe lower section is in threaded connection with a drill bit; the method is characterized in that: the soil sampling device is characterized by also comprising an inner pipe soil sampling mechanism which is arranged in the outer pipe and moves linearly relative to the outer pipe, wherein a feeding pressure compensation mechanism connected with a drill rod joint is arranged in the upper section of the outer pipe, and a communicated water passing channel is formed among the outer pipe, the inner pipe soil sampling mechanism and the feeding pressure compensation mechanism;
the feeding pressure compensation mechanism comprises a connecting shaft arranged in the center of the drill rod connector; the connecting shaft is sleeved with a ball gland, a ball retainer and a supporting seat, wherein the ball gland is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the drill rod connector through a fastener, and the ball retainer is connected with the upper end face of the supporting seat through the fastener; the lower surface of the ball gland is provided with an annular wave-shaped bulge, a through hole is arranged on the ball retainer corresponding to the position of the annular wave-shaped bulge, and a ball is embedded in the through hole; the lower ends of the balls are supported and arranged in the ball grooves of the supporting seat; a sliding guide sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the supporting seat, and the upper end of the sliding guide sleeve is in threaded connection with a ball gland; a rotary sealing component is arranged between the sliding guide sleeve and the excircle of the supporting seat; the lower end of the supporting seat is in threaded connection with a spline sleeve, the spline sleeve is in spline fit with the upper end of the transition connecting sleeve, the outer part of the lower end of the spline sleeve is in threaded connection with a transition connecting sleeve limiting seat, and the lower end of the transition connecting sleeve limiting seat is in sliding fit with the transition connecting sleeve; a support seat extends out of the lower end of the connecting shaft, an elastic rotary support assembly which enables the ball to be attached to the annular wave-shaped bulge is mounted on the connecting shaft, the elastic rotary support assembly ensures effective matching of the wave-shaped bulge and the ball, a self-adaptive spring is mounted in the spline sleeve, the upper end of the self-adaptive spring is abutted against the lower end face of the support seat, and the lower end of the self-adaptive spring is abutted against the upper end face of the transition connection sleeve;
the drill rod joint is provided with a water supply hole communicated with the water passing channel; the lower end of the feeding pressure compensation mechanism is connected with an inner pipe upper joint of the inner pipe soil taking mechanism through a transitional connecting sleeve in a threaded manner; the inner pipe of the inner pipe soil taking mechanism is connected with the lower end of the inner pipe upper joint through internal threads; the upper end of the inner pipe upper joint is provided with a volume chamber, and a valve ball is arranged on a valve seat at the bottom of the volume chamber.
2. The triple-tube single-pressure-compensated rotary geotome of claim 1, wherein: the inner tube of the inner tube soil sampling mechanism is a split inner tube, the inner tube soil sampling mechanism further comprises a liner tube embedded in the inner tube, the liner tube is a slotted liner tube, and a lower joint and a movable tube shoe of the inner tube are installed at the lower end of the inner tube.
3. The triple-tube single-pressure-compensated rotary geotome of claim 1, wherein: and a sealing ring is arranged between the transition connecting sleeve limiting seat and the transition connecting sleeve.
4. The triple-tube single-pressure-compensated rotary geotome of claim 1, wherein: the elastic rotary supporting assembly comprises a rotary pressure bearing arranged at the lower end of the connecting shaft through a locking nut, a rotary pressure supporting sleeve is arranged on the rotary pressure bearing seat, a supporting spring is sleeved on an excircle shoulder of the rotary pressure supporting sleeve, and the upper end face of the supporting spring abuts against the lower end face of the supporting seat.
5. The triple-tube single-pressure-compensated rotary geotome of claim 1, wherein: the lower joint of the inner pipe comprises an inner pipe connecting section and a pre-tightening section, the inner pipe connecting section is in threaded connection with the lower end of the inner pipe, a positioning table and a first pre-tightening guide conical surface are arranged at the joint of the inner pipe connecting section and the pre-tightening section of the lower joint of the inner pipe, and the positioning table is used for the lower limit of the liner pipe; the lower end of the inner pipe is provided with a pre-tightening section of a lower joint of the inner pipe; an annular pre-tightening table is arranged at the upper port of the movable pipe shoe along the circumferential direction, and a second pre-tightening guide conical surface matched with the first pre-tightening guide conical surface in the pre-tightening section is arranged on the annular pre-tightening table; and a pre-tightening notch is formed in the annular pre-tightening table along the circumferential direction.
6. The triple-tube single-pressure-compensated rotary geotome of claim 1, wherein: the excircle of the lower end part of the lower joint of the inner pipe is of a conical structure.
7. The triple-tube single-pressure-compensated rotary geotome of claim 1, wherein: the drill bit adopts an inner rib drill bit.
8. The triple-tube single-pressure-compensated rotary geotome of claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the volume chamber is provided with a slurry outlet for discharging the pressure of the volume chamber to the water passing channel.
9. The triple-tube single-pressure-compensated rotary geotome of claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the transition connecting sleeve is in threaded connection with a guide sleeve for self-adaptive spring guiding and limiting.
10. The soil sampling method of the triple-tube single-pressure compensation type rotary soil sampler based on any one of the claims 1 to 9 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: before sampling, the drilling machine is ensured to be stable, the drilling tool is vertical, and the rotation is stable without obvious shaking during drilling; all parts of the soil sampler are stably connected, and the feeding pressure compensation mechanism and the ball valve have good performance;
step 2: according to the characteristics of strata at different depths, the drilling pressure, the rotation speed, the flushing liquid amount and the like are controlled, the normal work of an inner pipe soil taking mechanism of the soil taking device is ensured, and the amount of the pilot bit of the movable pipe shoe is not more than 30-40 mm; selecting reasonable rotating speed to ensure that the pressure compensation of the feeding pressure compensation mechanism to the soil sampler is stable;
and step 3: after the sampling reaches the designed depth, stopping drilling, slowly pulling the soil sampler to make the valve ball seal the valve seat, and making the soil sample stay in the inner pipe soil sampling mechanism due to the vacuum action; meanwhile, the loose tube boot is driven to pull down by the soil sample, so that the lower joint of the inner tube clamps the soil sample in the loose tube boot;
and 4, step 4: after the soil sampler is integrally lifted out of the drilling hole, the upper section of the outer pipe is fixed, the lower section of the outer pipe and the drill bit are integrally disassembled, and the inner pipe soil sampling mechanism is exposed;
and 5: fixing the inner pipe, detaching the lower joint of the inner pipe, cutting a soil sample along the lower end surface of the inner pipe by using a soil cutting wire saw, and pushing out soil in the movable pipe boot;
step 6; fixing an upper joint of the inner pipe, detaching the split inner pipe, axially splitting the inner pipe to expose the liner pipe, and cutting the soil sample along the upper edge of the liner pipe by using a soil cutting wire saw;
and 7: covering two ends of the liner tube by using liner tube covers, sticking a soil sample label, sticking a gap of the liner tube by using an adhesive tape, and then timely sealing the liner tube by wax until the liner tube is sent to a soil test room for testing;
and 8: cleaning the split inner pipe, the loose pipe shoe, the residual soil and the slurry of the upper joint and the lower joint of the inner pipe, checking the performance of a ball valve of the joint on the inner pipe and the condition of the cutting edge of the loose pipe shoe, and reassembling after all the components are normal;
and step 9: fixing an upper joint of the inner pipe, combining the split inner pipes together, and installing the split inner pipes on the upper joint of the inner pipe;
step 10: inserting a new liner tube into the liner tube clamping groove of the inner tube from the lower end opening of the inner tube;
step 11: fixing the inner pipe, sleeving the movable pipe shoe on the lower connector of the inner pipe, and connecting the lower connector of the inner pipe with the inner pipe;
step 12: the outer pipe upper segment is fixed, and the outer pipe lower segment and the drill bit connector are connected with the outer pipe upper segment, so far, the soil sampler is assembled and completed, and the next sampling is waited.
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| CN115874596A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-31 | 上海勘察设计研究院(集团)有限公司 | Inserting and sleeving structure |
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