CN114166513A

CN114166513A - Observable high-pressure calibration flame cavity

Info

Publication number: CN114166513A
Application number: CN202111477701.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 齐浩然; 顾明明; 周忠岳; 王绍杰
Original assignee: Shanghai Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Shanghai Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2021-12-06
Filing date: 2021-12-06
Publication date: 2022-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-06
Also published as: CN114166513B

Abstract

The invention relates to an observable high-pressure calibration flame cavity, which comprises a high-pressure combustion chamber, an upper flange, a lower flange, three observation windows, a combustion furnace supporting platform, a combustion furnace, a plurality of bearing columns, a plurality of air inlet pipes, a swing arm type igniter, an exhaust pipe and a back pressure valve, wherein the upper flange and the lower flange are respectively installed at the upper end and the lower end of the combustion chamber in a sealing way; the three observation windows are respectively and hermetically arranged on three outer side walls of the high-pressure combustion chamber; the combustion furnace supporting table is fixed on the lower flange, and the combustion furnace is fixed on the combustion furnace supporting table; the air inlet pipe is welded in a preset hole on the lower flange; the rocker arm igniter is mounted on the fourth side wall of the high pressure combustion chamber to be adjacent to the burner during ignition and to be remote from the flame of the burner during combustion.

Description

Observable high-pressure calibration flame cavity

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of high-pressure combustion research, in particular to an observable high-pressure calibration flame cavity.

Background

The high pressure combustion phenomenon is commonly found in practical engineering applications such as internal combustion engines, gas turbines, detonation engines, and the like. At present, the design work aiming at the high-pressure model combustion chamber is focused on providing experimental conditions close to real working conditions, and a high-pressure combustion system developed by a domestic college laboratory and a research institute comprises a high-pressure constant-volume combustion bomb, an optical engine, a high-pressure detonation combustion device and the like. On the other hand, direct flame observation and spectral measurement work for these high pressure combustion phenomena also face a number of challenges. For example, most model combustion chambers are designed for specific applications, and the burner body and the high-pressure chamber body are integrally designed, so that the structures such as a flame nozzle structure and an air inlet pipeline cannot be easily changed; on the other hand, the variable parameters of the high-pressure flame close to the real working condition are more, and the accuracy of the experimental measurement result developed aiming at the variable parameters is difficult to verify. In addition, from a spectroscopic research perspective, a stable, sustained, predictable high pressure flame apparatus is also important.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a synchronous measuring system for the velocity and the temperature of a plume field of an engine, so as to solve the problems. Therefore, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

an observable high-pressure calibration flame cavity can comprise a high-pressure combustion chamber, an upper flange, a lower flange, three observation windows, a combustion furnace supporting table, a combustion furnace, a plurality of bearing columns, a plurality of air inlet pipes, a rocker arm type igniter, an exhaust pipe and a back pressure valve, wherein the upper flange and the lower flange are respectively installed at the upper end and the lower end of the high-pressure combustion chamber in a sealing mode, a cooling liquid groove is formed in the upper surface of the upper flange and is covered with a groove sealing cover, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the groove sealing cover, and a conical pit is formed in the lower surface of the upper flange; the three observation windows are respectively and hermetically arranged on three outer side walls of the high-pressure combustion chamber, the combustion furnace supporting platform is fixed on the lower flange, the combustion furnace is fixed on the combustion furnace supporting platform, the bearing columns are vertically arranged, the upper ends of the bearing columns are fixed on the lower flange, and the air inlet pipe is welded in a preset hole in the lower flange; the rocker arm type igniter and the exhaust pipe are arranged on the fourth side wall of the high-pressure combustion chamber; and the back pressure valve is installed on the exhaust pipe.

In a preferred embodiment, the number of the bearing columns is three, and the bearing columns are provided with central through holes for fixing to the lower flange through screws.

In the preferred embodiment, there are six air inlets.

In a preferred embodiment, the combustion furnace pallet comprises an upper platform, a lower platform and a connecting column between the upper platform and the lower platform, wherein the lower platform is fixed on the lower flange by screws, and the combustion furnace is fixed on the upper platform by screws.

In a preferred embodiment, the observation window comprises a window flange, a cylindrical lens and a pressure ring, the window flange is hermetically installed on the side wall of the high-pressure combustion chamber, and the cylindrical lens is hermetically clamped by the pressure ring and the window flange.

In a preferred embodiment, the material of the lens is sapphire, and the inner mirror has a tilt of 10 °.

In a preferred embodiment, an O-shaped ring is adopted between the lens and the pressure ring for buffering treatment; and polytetrafluoroethylene is adopted for sealing between the lens and the window flange.

In a preferred embodiment, the rocker arm igniter comprises a cylindrical electrode, a rocker arm and an electrode support, the electrode support is hermetically mounted on the fourth side wall of the high pressure combustion chamber, the rocker arm is rotatably and hermetically mounted in the center of the electrode support, and the electrode is fixed on the inner end of the rocker arm so as to be close to the combustion furnace when in ignition and far away from the flame of the combustion furnace when in combustion.

In a preferred embodiment, the exhaust pipe is sealingly mounted on the electrode holder directly above the electrode, and the backpressure valve is mounted outside the exhaust pipe.

In a preferred embodiment, polytetrafluoroethylene is used for sealing between the high-pressure combustion chamber and the upper flange, between the high-pressure combustion chamber and the lower flange, between the high-pressure combustion chamber and the observation window, and between the high-pressure combustion chamber and the electrode support.

The invention has fewer parts, simple installation steps and difficult failure; the side surface of the high-pressure combustion chamber is provided with the three perspective windows, so that a user can clearly observe the conditions in the cavity, and the windows are made of sapphire materials, so that the transmissivity of visible light to a light source in a middle infrared band is high, and spectral measurement researches such as high-speed camera shooting, absorption spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and the like can be carried out; the bearing column is arranged below the high-pressure combustion chamber, so that an air inlet pipe is convenient to lay, and a combustor in the high-pressure combustion chamber can be replaced, so that a calibration flame system in various forms is convenient to research; the rocker arm type igniter can skillfully solve the problem of igniter sealing and improve the durability of the igniter; the lower surface of the upper flange is designed in a conical shape, so that the problem that the fire extinguishment is caused when condensed water falls into the furnace surface in the high-pressure flame operation process is effectively avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an observable high pressure calibration flame chamber of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an upper flange of the observable high pressure calibration flame chamber shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the viewing window of the observable high pressure calibration flame chamber shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the igniter, exhaust and backpressure valves of the high pressure calibrated flame chamber of FIG. 1.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in order to more clearly understand the objects, features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely intended to illustrate the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.

In the following description, for the purposes of illustrating various disclosed embodiments, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the embodiments may be practiced without one or more of the specific details. In other instances, well-known devices, structures and techniques associated with this application may not be shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.

Throughout the specification and claims, the word "comprise" and variations thereof, such as "comprises" and "comprising," are to be understood as an open, inclusive meaning, i.e., as being interpreted to mean "including, but not limited to," unless the context requires otherwise.

Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should be noted that the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and/or" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In the following description, for the purposes of clearly illustrating the structure and operation of the present invention, directional terms will be used, but terms such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "outer", "inner", "outer", "inward", "upper", "lower", etc. should be construed as words of convenience and should not be construed as limiting terms.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present application, it is further noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an observable high pressure calibration flame chamber may include a high pressure combustion chamber 1, an upper flange 2, a lower flange 3, three observation windows 4, a combustion furnace pallet 5, a combustion furnace 6, a plurality of load-bearing columns 7, a plurality of inlet pipes 8, an igniter 9, an exhaust pipe 10, and a back pressure valve 11. Wherein, the upper flange 2 and the lower flange 3 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the combustion chamber 1 in a sealing way. The upper surface of the upper flange 2 is provided with a cooling liquid groove 21 in which flowing cooling liquid can be loaded; the cooling liquid groove 21 is covered with a groove sealing cover 22, the groove sealing cover 22 is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, cooling liquid flows in from the liquid inlet and flows out from the liquid outlet, and the problem that the upper flange is deformed due to high temperature can be effectively solved. The cooling liquid tank 21 can be provided with a conical pit 23 on the lower surface of the upper flange 2, so that the problem of flameout caused by dripping condensed water into the combustion furnace can be effectively prevented. The lower flange 3 is horizontally fixed at the upper end of the bearing column 7. Specifically, the number of the bearing columns 7 is three, each spaced 60 degrees apart, and placed vertically. The bearing post 7 has a central through hole to be fixed to the lower flange 3 by a screw.

The three observation windows 4 are respectively hermetically installed on three outer sidewalls of the high pressure combustion chamber 1 to enable a user to clearly observe conditions within the cavity (i.e., the high pressure combustion chamber 1). Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the observation window 4 includes a window flange 41, a cylindrical lens 42, and a pressing ring 43, wherein the window flange 41 is hermetically mounted on the side wall of the high-pressure combustion chamber 1, for example, by being sealed with polytetrafluoroethylene. The cylindrical lens 42 is sealingly clamped by a clamping ring 43 and a window flange 41. Preferably, an O-ring is used to buffer the lens 42 from the pressure ring 43. The lens 42 is sealed to the window flange 41 with teflon. The lens 42 is made of sapphire and can pass through a light source from visible light to middle infrared band, so that the research on measuring methods such as high-speed camera shooting, infrared absorption spectrum, laser induced fluorescence spectrum and the like can be realized at the same time. The lens 42 can be replaced to account for contamination of the lens mirror surface by combustion residues; and there is a 10 deg. tilt of its internal mirror surface to cut the reflective effect of the lens 42.

The furnace platform 5 is fixed (e.g. by screws) to the lower flange 3. Burner 6 is fixed (e.g., by screws) to burner mount 5. Specifically, the furnace pallet 5 includes an upper deck, a lower deck, and a connecting column between the upper deck and the lower deck. The lower platform is fixed on the lower flange 3 by screws, and the combustion furnace 6 is fixed on the upper platform by screws.

A plurality of air inlet pipes 8 are welded in holes preset on the lower flange 3 so as to send gases of different types and flows into the combustion furnace 6, thus realizing the required flame form and facilitating the experimental research. In one embodiment, there are six air inlet pipes 8.

A rocker arm igniter 9 is installed on the fourth sidewall of the high pressure combustion chamber 1 to be close to the flame of the burner 6 at the time of ignition and to be far from the flame of the burner 6 at the time of combustion. The rocker arm igniter uses an electrode for ignition. An exhaust pipe 10 is installed on the fourth sidewall of the high pressure combustion chamber 1. A back pressure valve 11 is installed on the exhaust pipe 10 to ensure a stable pressure in the combustion chamber and smooth flame. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the rocker arm igniter 9 may include a cylindrical electrode 91, a rocker arm 92, and an electrode holder 93, wherein the electrode holder 93 is sealingly mounted on the fourth side wall of the high pressure combustion chamber 1. The swing arm 92 is rotatably and sealingly mounted in the center of the electrode holder 93. An electrode 91 is fixed to the inner end of the swing arm 92. In the illustrated embodiment, the rocker arm 92 is partially in a cross-over configuration within the high pressure combustion chamber 1. In ignition, when the electrode 91 is rotated to a position close to a flame port of the combustion furnace by the rocker arm 92, for example, when the electrode 91 is rotated by 180 degrees from the initial position shown in fig. 4, the electrode 91 is energized to ignite the combustible gas ejected from the flame port of the combustion furnace; during combustion, the electrode 91 is rotated by the rocker arm 92 to a position away from the furnace, for example, 90 degrees from the initial position, to prevent damage to the electrode by the flame, thereby not interfering with the flame itself and extending the life of the ignitor. The exhaust pipe 10 is hermetically installed on the electrode holder 93 directly above the electrode 91, and the backpressure valve 11 is installed outside the exhaust pipe 10 for convenient operation.

Preferably, polytetrafluoroethylene is used for sealing between the high-pressure combustion chamber 1 and the upper flange 2, between the high-pressure combustion chamber 1 and the lower flange 3, between the high-pressure combustion chamber 1 and the observation window 4, and between the high-pressure combustion chamber 1 and the electrode support 92, so as to ensure that good sealing performance is kept in a high-temperature environment.

According to the invention, the cooling liquid tank is additionally arranged on the upper surface of the upper flange, so that the heat balance of the device is realized, and the long-time stable operation of the calibrated flame is ensured; and the lower surface of the upper flange adopts a conical surface design, so that cooling water is prevented from flowing back to the surface of the flame furnace to cause flameout. The optical window is designed by adopting sapphire glass, and can pass through a light source from visible light to intermediate infrared band, so that the research on measuring methods such as high-speed camera shooting, infrared absorption spectrum, laser-induced fluorescence spectrum and the like can be realized at the same time. The electrode ignition device adopts a rocker arm type design, and can leave a flame area after ignition, so that the flame is not interfered and the service life of the ignition device is prolonged. Compared with the prior art, the invention can maintain stable flame under higher air pressure, is convenient for users to capture clear flame forms and develop various spectral measurement researches, and provides experimental support for analyzing high-pressure flame characteristics and high-pressure laser spectral characteristics.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described in detail, it should be understood that various changes and modifications of the invention can be effected therein by those skilled in the art after reading the above teachings of the invention. Such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.

Claims

1. An observable high pressure calibration flame chamber, comprising: the device comprises a high-pressure combustion chamber (1), an upper flange (2), a lower flange (3), three observation windows (4), a combustion furnace supporting platform (5), a combustion furnace (6), a plurality of bearing columns (7), a plurality of air inlet pipes (8), a rocker arm type igniter (9), an exhaust pipe (10) and a back pressure valve (11), wherein the upper flange (2) and the lower flange (3) are respectively and hermetically mounted at the upper end and the lower end of the high-pressure combustion chamber (1), a cooling liquid tank (21) is arranged on the upper surface of the upper flange (2), a sealing groove cover (22) is covered on the cooling liquid tank (21), a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the sealing groove cover (22), and a conical pit (23) is formed in the lower surface of the upper flange (2); the three observation windows (4) are respectively and hermetically arranged on three outer side walls of the high-pressure combustion chamber (1), the combustion furnace supporting platform (5) is fixed on the lower flange (3), the combustion furnace (6) is fixed on the combustion furnace supporting platform (5), the bearing columns (7) are vertically arranged, the upper ends of the bearing columns are fixed on the lower flange (3), and the air inlet pipe (8) is welded in a preset hole on the lower flange (3); said rocker arm igniter (9) being mounted on a fourth side wall of said high pressure combustion chamber (1) so as to be close to the flame of said burner (6) when ignited and away from the flame of said burner (6) when burned; the exhaust pipe (10) is arranged on the fourth side wall of the high-pressure combustion chamber (1); and the back pressure valve (11) is mounted on the exhaust pipe (10).

2. The observable high pressure calibrated flame cavity of claim 1, wherein: the number of the bearing columns (7) is three, and the bearing columns (7) are provided with central through holes so as to be fixed on the lower flange (3) through screws.

3. The observable high pressure calibrated flame cavity of claim 1, wherein: the number of the air inlet pipes (8) is six.

4. The observable high pressure calibrated flame cavity of claim 1, wherein: the combustion furnace supporting platform (5) comprises an upper platform, a lower platform and a connecting column positioned between the upper platform and the lower platform, wherein the lower platform is fixed on the lower flange (3) through screws, and the combustion furnace (6) is fixed on the upper platform through screws.

5. The observable high pressure calibrated flame cavity of claim 1, wherein: the observation window (4) comprises a window flange (41), a cylindrical lens (42) and a pressure ring (43), the window flange (41) is installed on the side wall of the high-pressure combustion chamber (1) in a sealing mode, and the cylindrical lens (42) is clamped by the pressure ring (43) and the window flange (41) in a sealing mode.

6. An observable high pressure calibrated flame cavity as recited in claim 5, wherein: the material of the lens (42) is sapphire, and the inner mirror surface thereof has an inclination of 10 °.

7. An observable high pressure calibrated flame cavity as recited in claim 5, wherein: an O-shaped ring is adopted between the lens (42) and the pressure ring (43) for buffering treatment; and the lens (42) and the window flange (41) are sealed by polytetrafluoroethylene.

8. The observable high pressure calibrated flame cavity of claim 1, wherein: the rocker arm type igniter comprises a cylindrical electrode (91), a rocker arm (92) and an electrode support (93), wherein the electrode support (93) is hermetically installed on the fourth side wall of the high-pressure combustion chamber (1), the rocker arm (92) is rotatably and hermetically installed at the center of the electrode support (93), and the electrode (91) is fixed on the inner end of the rocker arm (92) to be close to the combustion furnace (6) during ignition and far away from the flame of the combustion furnace (6) during combustion.

9. An observable high pressure calibrated flame cavity as recited in claim 9, wherein: the exhaust pipe (10) is hermetically installed on the electrode holder directly above the electrode (91), and the back pressure valve (11) is installed outside the exhaust pipe (10).

10. An observable high pressure calibrated flame cavity as recited in claim 9, wherein: the high-pressure combustion chamber (1) with go up between the flange (2), high-pressure combustion chamber (1) with between lower flange (3), high-pressure combustion chamber (1) with between observation window (4) and high-pressure combustion chamber (1) with electrode support (92) all adopt polytetrafluoroethylene to seal.