CN114166056A - Heat storage device capable of efficiently storing heat and releasing heat, heat exchange method and application of heat storage device - Google Patents
Heat storage device capable of efficiently storing heat and releasing heat, heat exchange method and application of heat storage device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114166056A CN114166056A CN202111451658.0A CN202111451658A CN114166056A CN 114166056 A CN114166056 A CN 114166056A CN 202111451658 A CN202111451658 A CN 202111451658A CN 114166056 A CN114166056 A CN 114166056A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
- F28D20/0039—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material with stratification of the heat storage material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
- F28C3/04—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media both being liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy application of a heat storage water tank, and discloses a heat storage device for efficiently storing heat and releasing heat, a heat exchange method and application thereof, wherein the heat exchange method of the heat storage device comprises the following steps: during heat storage, cold and hot water in the heat storage water tank is uniformly mixed in a convection heat exchange mode by utilizing the physical properties of the cold and hot water and the flow guiding effect of a water distributor at the heat storage side; when heat is released, hot water distributed on the upper part of the heat storage water tank uniformly and slowly flows out of the heat supply system from the upper part, and low-temperature water after heat release is uniformly and slowly introduced into the water tank from the lower part of the heat storage water tank, so that different cold and hot water layers are formed. The invention ensures that cold water and hot water in the water tank are quickly and uniformly mixed in a convection heat exchange mode without obvious temperature gradient, accelerates the mixing speed of the cold water and the hot water, and improves the energy storage efficiency of the heat storage water tank. The heat storage water tank provided by the invention ensures a good water temperature layering effect when releasing heat, relatively increases the water supply temperature and prolongs the heat release time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy application of heat storage water tanks, and particularly relates to a heat storage device for efficiently storing heat and releasing heat, a heat exchange method and application thereof.
Background
The heat storage water tank is an important device of a heat storage system in the heat supply field, and heats water to a certain temperature by using the difference of peak-valley electricity prices during the low-valley period of electricity utilization, so that heat is stored in the water in a sensible heat manner, and the heat in the water is released and reasonably utilized during the peak period of electricity utilization; the heat load for use can also be adjusted, and the method has the advantages of peak clipping, valley filling, saving and emission reduction. The common heat storage water tank keeps good temperature stratification in the water tank when releasing heat, avoids the supply and return water to mix, reduces the water supply temperature.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) however, during heat storage, the cold and hot water mixing degree is low due to the cold and hot water density difference, the temperature raising speed is slow, the heat storage time is prolonged, and the energy storage efficiency is low.
(2) In the prior art, the heat storage water tank provided has poor water temperature layering effect, so that the heat release effect is poor.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the heat storage water tank of the invention not only accelerates the mixing speed of cold water and hot water during heat storage, so that the water in the water tank is heated up rapidly; and can keep good water temperature stratification during heat release. The heat storage efficiency of the water tank during heat storage is improved, the heat release time of the heat storage water tank is prolonged, and the heat release efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the disclosed embodiments of the present invention provide a thermal storage device for storing and releasing heat efficiently, a heat exchange method and applications thereof. In particular to a heat storage water tank which ensures the quick and uniform mixing of cold water and hot water by utilizing a convection heat exchange mode during heat storage and ensures that the water temperature forms a good layering effect during heat release so as to improve the heat storage and heat release efficiency.
The technical scheme is as follows: a heat storage device with high-efficiency heat storage and heat release comprises a heat storage water tank, wherein a heat storage side lower water distributor inside the heat storage water tank is connected with a heat storage side water inlet pipeline in a welding mode; the water distributor at the upper part of the heat storage side is connected with the water outlet pipeline at the heat storage side in a welding way;
the upper water distributor at the heat storage side and the lower water distributor at the heat storage side have the same shape, but the opening directions are opposite;
a branch pipe of the water distributor at the upper part of the heat storage side is provided with a hole with the direction of the hole facing downwards; a branch pipe of the water distributor at the lower part of the heat storage side is provided with a hole, and the hole direction is upward; the upper water distributor of the heat storage side is provided with a hole below the branch pipe, and the lower water distributor of the heat storage side is provided with a hole above the branch pipe;
a heat release side water distributor connected with a heat release side water inlet and outlet pipeline is arranged in the heat storage water tank, and the water distributor at the lower part of the heat release side is connected with the heat release side water inlet pipeline in a welding mode; the water distributor at the upper part of the heat release side is connected with the water outlet pipeline at the heat release side in a welding way;
the position of the water distributor at the upper part of the heat release side is arranged below the water surface, and the distance from the water distributor at the lower part of the heat release side to the water surface is equal to the distance from the water distributor at the lower part of the heat release side to the bottom of the heat storage water tank;
the upper water distributor of the heat release side and the lower water distributor of the heat release side have the same shape, but the opening directions are opposite;
the water distributor at the upper part of the heat release side is provided with a hole on the branch pipe, the hole direction is upward, and the water distributor at the lower part of the heat release side is provided with a hole on the branch pipe, and the hole direction is downward.
In one embodiment, the lengths and the openings of the heat storage side upper water distributor and the heat storage side lower water distributor are determined according to the maximum water flow speed at the openings and the maximum uniform mixing degree of cold and hot water in the water tank. Because of the on-way resistance and the local resistance, in order to make the flow of each branch pipe and the orifice of the water distributor consistent, the pipe diameter of the branch pipe and the size of the orifice of the water distributor are determined by taking the flow sharing and the uniform speed as a first principle. Under the condition of ensuring that the pipe diameter flow and the orifice flow rate of each branch pipe are consistent, the orifice caliber on the branch pipe of the water distributor is reduced, and the orifice flow rate is improved. The length of the water distributor is determined to be matched with the specification of the heat storage water tank, so that the uniform water outlet in the heat storage water tank is ensured. Under this prerequisite, reduce injection mandrel length, reduce the on-way resistance, avoid the velocity of flow to slow down.
In one embodiment, water level probes are installed on different layers inside the heat storage water tank, and temperature sensors are installed on the probes and used for monitoring and reflecting the temperature inside the water tank at different water levels.
In one embodiment, a heat storage side and a heat release side of the heat storage water tank are provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlets on two sides of the heat storage water tank are arranged on the lower part of the heat storage water tank, and the water outlets on two sides of the heat storage water tank are arranged on the upper part of the heat storage water tank;
the water inlet comprises a water inlet arranged on the heat release side and a water inlet arranged on the heat storage side, a heat release side water inlet pipeline is installed on the water inlet on the heat release side, and a heat storage side water inlet pipeline is installed on the water inlet on the heat storage side;
the bottom of the heat storage water tank is provided with a heat release side lower water distributor communicated with the heat release side water inlet pipeline and a heat storage side lower water distributor communicated with the heat storage side water inlet pipeline, and the top of the heat storage water tank is provided with a heat release side upper water distributor communicated with the heat release side water outlet pipeline and a heat storage side upper water distributor communicated with the heat storage side water outlet pipeline;
the heat release side water inlet pipeline and the heat release side water outlet pipeline are arranged on the same side face of the heat storage water tank;
the heat-release side water inlet pipeline at the lower part of the heat storage water tank is arranged at the central position of the heat storage water tank in the horizontal direction, and the vertical height is determined according to the Froude criterion number;
the heat-releasing side water outlet pipeline at the upper part of the heat-storage water tank is arranged in the horizontal direction and is positioned at the center of the heat-storage water tank, and the distance from the heat-releasing side water outlet pipeline to the top of the heat-storage water tank in the vertical direction is equal to the distance from the heat-releasing side water inlet pipeline to the bottom of the heat-storage water tank;
the heat-storage side water inlet pipeline and the heat-storage side water outlet pipeline are horizontally positioned at the center of the heat-storage water tank, and the vertical height is determined according to the Froude criterion.
In one embodiment, an overflow pipe is arranged at the upper part of the side surface of the box body of the heat storage water box and is used for guiding and discharging redundant water in the heat storage water box;
the top of the heat storage water tank is provided with a water replenishing pipe for supplying water replenishing quantity to the heat storage water tank when the heat storage water tank is lack of water;
a drain pipe is arranged at the lower part of the heat storage water tank and is used for draining water in the water tank when the heat storage water tank is overhauled and cleaned;
the heat storage water tank is externally coated with a heat insulation layer for protecting the shell of the heat storage water tank and insulating heat of the heat storage water tank.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of heat exchange in a thermal storage device, comprising:
during heat storage, cold and hot water in the heat storage water tank is uniformly mixed in a convection heat exchange mode by utilizing the physical properties of the cold and hot water and the flow guiding effect of a water distributor at the heat storage side;
when heat is released, high-temperature hot water distributed on the upper part of the heat storage water tank flows out uniformly and slowly (the flow rate of an orifice ranges from 0.1 m/s to 0.3m/s) from the upper part to be supplied to a heat system, and low-temperature water after heat release is introduced into the water tank uniformly and slowly (the flow rate of the orifice ranges from 0.1 m/s to 0.3m/s) from the lower part of the heat storage water tank, so that different cold and hot water layers are formed.
In one embodiment of the invention, during heat storage, high-temperature hot water heated by a heating device such as a boiler enters a heat storage side water inlet pipeline arranged at the lower part of a heat storage water tank at a certain flow rate (the flow rate is determined according to actual requirements, different system water inlet pipelines correspond to different speeds, the flow rate of an orifice is ensured to be consistent with that of the water inlet pipeline as much as possible, and the flow rate is not reduced), and then the high-temperature hot water uniformly flows into the water tank under the guiding action of a water distributor at the lower part of the heat storage side; the high-temperature water entering the deep part of the water tank flows into the water tank through the circular hole with the upward orifice direction at a certain speed (the flow speed is determined according to actual requirements, different system water inlet pipelines correspond to different speeds, the flow speed of the orifice is ensured to be consistent with that of the water inlet pipeline as far as possible, and the flow speed is not reduced), so that the high-temperature water and the low-temperature water on the upper part are fully mixed in a heat convection mode.
In one embodiment of the invention, the mixed water flows into the water distributor through the branch pipe with the opening direction facing downwards under the guiding action of the water distributor at the upper part of the heat storage side and further flows into the water outlet pipeline at the heat storage side;
the length of the water distributor at the heat storage side and the orifice are determined according to the maximum water flow speed at the orifice and the maximum mixing uniformity of cold water and hot water in the water tank. (the sum of the branch flows of the water distributor is equal to the main flow of the water distributor, namely G is G1+G2+G3+...Gn. Wherein
Orifice water velocity V ═ ρ gA where a is the orifice area. Under the condition of ensuring that the pipe diameter flow and the orifice flow rate of each branch pipe are consistent, the orifice caliber on the branch pipe of the water distributor is reduced, and the orifice flow rate is improved. The length of the water distributor is determined to be matched with the specification of the heat storage water tank, so that the uniform water outlet in the heat storage water tank is ensured. On this prerequisite, reduce the injection mandrel length, reduce on-the-way resistance, avoid the velocity of flow to slow down).
In one embodiment of the invention, when heat is released, high-temperature hot water uniformly and slowly flows into a water outlet pipeline at the heat release side through the flow guiding effect of the water distributor at the upper part of the heat release side; the orifice direction of the water distributor at the upper part of the heat release side is upward, and the water flow disturbance in the vertical direction is reduced while high-temperature hot water is guided to flow uniformly;
the low-temperature water returned after circulation of users or heat utilization equipment flows into the heat storage water tank through the heat release side water inlet pipeline and is horizontally and uniformly pushed to the bottom plane of the whole heat storage water tank through the lower water distributor of the heat release side.
In one embodiment of the invention, the opening direction of the water distributor at the lower part of the heat release side is downward, and low-temperature water uniformly and slowly flows out from the holes below the branch pipes of the water distributor under the guiding action of the water distributor;
the length of the water distributor at the heat release side and the diameter of the orifice are determined according to the selection of flow rate, proper Froude number and proper Reynolds number. (the basic determination method of the water distributor is the basic determination method of the water distributor, and the determination of the length and the diameter of the orifice of the water distributor is applied on the basis of the basic determination method of the water distributor)
Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage device for use in a heating system.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the heat storage water tank provided by the invention utilizes the physical properties of cold water and hot water and the flow guide effect of the water distributor at the heat storage side during heat storage, ensures that cold water and hot water in the water tank are quickly and uniformly mixed in a convection heat exchange mode, has no obvious temperature gradient, accelerates the mixing speed of the cold water and the hot water, and improves the energy storage efficiency of the heat storage water tank.
2. The heat storage water tank provided by the invention ensures a good water temperature layering effect when releasing heat, relatively increases the water supply temperature and prolongs the heat release time. When heat is released, a large amount of hot water distributed on the upper part of the heat storage water tank due to low density uniformly and slowly flows out of the upper part to supply a heat system, and low-temperature water after heat release is uniformly and slowly introduced into the water tank from the lower part of the water tank, so that a good water temperature layering effect is ensured.
3. The heat storage water tank provided by the invention not only accelerates the mixing speed of cold water and hot water during heat storage, so that the temperature of water in the water tank is rapidly increased; and can keep good water temperature stratification during heat release. The heat storage efficiency of the water tank during heat storage is improved, the heat release time of the heat storage water tank is prolonged, and the heat release efficiency is improved. Utilize the convection current heat transfer mode to guarantee that hot and cold water rapid mixing is even during the heat accumulation, thereby make the temperature form the heat accumulation water tank of good layering effect thereby improvement heat accumulation and exothermic efficiency when exothermic.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for exchanging heat by a thermal storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a thermal storage device for storing and releasing heat efficiently according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of a thermal storage device for storing and releasing heat efficiently according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an installation structure diagram of a heat release side water distributor according to an embodiment of the present invention (only the heat release side water distributor is shown inside the hot water storage tank).
Fig. 5 is an installation structure diagram of a heat storage side water distributor according to an embodiment of the present invention (only the heat storage side water distributor is shown inside the heat storage water tank).
In the figure: 1. a heat-releasing side water inlet pipe; 2. a water distributor at the lower part of the heat discharging side; 3. a water distributor at the upper part of the heat discharging side; 4. a heat release side water outlet pipeline; 5. a thermal storage side water inlet pipe; 6. a heat storage side water outlet pipeline; 7. a water distributor at the upper part of the heat storage side; 8. a water distributor at the lower part of the heat storage side; 9. a water replenishing pipe; 10. a drain pipe; 11. an overflow pipe; 12. a heat-insulating layer; 13. a heat storage water tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method of heat exchange by a thermal storage device, comprising:
s101, uniformly mixing cold and hot water in a heat storage water tank 13 in a convection heat exchange mode by utilizing the physical properties of cold and hot water and the flow guiding effect of a heat storage side water distributor during heat storage;
in the case of heat release, S102, hot water distributed in the upper portion of the hot-water storage tank 13 is uniformly and slowly discharged from the upper portion to the heat supply system, and low-temperature water after heat release is uniformly and slowly introduced into the tank from the lower portion of the hot-water storage tank 13, thereby layering different hot and cold water.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the present invention provides a thermal storage apparatus for storing and releasing heat efficiently, comprising a thermal storage water tank 13, wherein a thermal storage side lower water distributor 8 inside the thermal storage water tank 13 is connected with a thermal storage side water intake pipe 5 by welding; the water distributor 7 at the upper part of the heat storage side is connected with the water outlet pipeline 6 at the heat storage side in a welding way;
the heat storage side upper water distributor 7 and the heat storage side lower water distributor 8 have the same shape, but the opening direction is opposite;
a hole is formed in a branch pipe of the water distributor 7 at the upper part of the heat storage side, and the hole direction faces downwards; a branch pipe of the water distributor 8 at the lower part of the heat storage side is provided with a hole, and the hole direction is upward; the upper water distributor 7 of the heat storage side is provided with a hole below the branch pipe, and the lower water distributor 8 of the heat storage side is provided with a hole above the branch pipe;
a heat release side water distributor connected with a heat release side water inlet and outlet pipeline is arranged in the heat storage water tank 13, and the heat release side lower water distributor 2 is connected with the heat release side water inlet pipeline 1 in a welding mode; the water distributor 3 at the upper part of the heat release side is connected with the water outlet pipeline 4 at the heat release side in a welding way;
the position of the upper water distributor 3 of the heat release side is arranged below the water surface, and the distance from the water surface is equal to the distance from the lower water distributor 2 of the heat release side to the bottom of the heat storage water tank 13;
the upper water distributor 3 at the heat release side and the lower water distributor 2 at the heat release side have the same shape but have opposite opening directions;
the water distributor 3 at the upper part of the heat release side is provided with a hole on the branch pipe, the opening direction of the hole is upward, and the water distributor 2 at the lower part of the heat release side is provided with a hole on the branch pipe, and the opening direction of the hole is downward.
In a preferred embodiment, the lengths and the apertures of the heat storage side upper water distributor 7 and the heat storage side lower water distributor 8 are determined according to the maximum water flow speed at the aperture and the maximum uniform mixing degree of cold and hot water in the water tank.
In a preferred embodiment, water level probes are mounted on different levels inside the hot water storage tank 13, and temperature sensors are mounted on each probe for monitoring the temperature inside the tank at different water levels.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat storage side and the heat release side of the hot water storage tank 13 are provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlets on two sides of the hot water storage tank 13 are arranged on the lower part of the hot water storage tank 13, and the water outlets on two sides of the hot water storage tank 13 are arranged on the upper part of the hot water storage tank 13;
the water inlet comprises a water inlet arranged on the heat release side and a water inlet arranged on the heat storage side, the water inlet on the heat release side is provided with a heat release side water inlet pipeline 1, and the water inlet on the heat storage side is provided with a heat storage side water inlet pipeline 5;
a heat release side lower water distributor 2 communicated with the heat release side water inlet pipeline 1 and a heat accumulation side lower water distributor 8 communicated with the heat accumulation side water inlet pipeline 5 are installed at the bottom of the heat accumulation water tank 13, and a heat release side upper water distributor 3 communicated with the heat release side water outlet pipeline 4 and a heat accumulation side upper water distributor 7 communicated with the heat accumulation side water outlet pipeline 6 are installed at the top of the heat accumulation water tank 13;
the heat release side water inlet pipeline 1 and the heat release side water outlet pipeline 4 are arranged on the same side face of the heat storage water tank 13;
the heat release side water inlet pipeline 1 at the lower part of the heat storage water tank 13 is arranged at the central position of the heat storage water tank 13 in the horizontal direction, and the vertical height is determined according to the Froude criterion number;
the heat release side water outlet pipeline 4 at the upper part of the heat storage water tank 13 is arranged in the horizontal direction and is positioned at the center of the heat storage water tank 13, and the distance from the heat storage water tank 13 to the top in the vertical direction is equal to the distance from the heat release side water inlet pipeline 1 to the bottom of the heat storage water tank 13;
the heat storage side water inlet pipe 5 and the heat storage side water outlet pipe 6 are horizontally positioned at the center of the heat storage water tank 13, and the vertical height is determined according to the Froude criterion number.
In a preferred embodiment, an overflow pipe 11 is provided at an upper portion of a side surface of the hot water storage tank 13 for guiding and discharging excess water in the hot water storage tank 13;
the top of the heat storage water tank 13 is provided with a water replenishing pipe 9 for supplying water replenishing quantity to the heat storage water tank when the heat storage water tank 13 is lack of water;
a drain pipe 10 is arranged at the lower part of the heat storage water tank 13 and is used for draining water in the heat storage water tank 13 during maintenance and cleaning;
the outside of the hot water storage tank 13 is covered with an insulating layer 12 for protecting the housing of the hot water storage tank 13 and insulating the hot water storage tank 13.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper water distributor 7 on the heat storage side and the lower water distributor are the same in shape and are E-shaped; but the opening direction is opposite; the upper water distributor 3 on the heat release side and the lower water distributor 2 on the heat release side are in the shape of E, but the opening directions are opposite.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific application examples.
The heat exchange method of the heat storage device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
during heat storage, high-temperature hot water heated by a heating device such as a boiler enters the heat storage side water inlet pipe 5 arranged at the lower part of the heat storage water tank 13 at a certain flow rate, and then flows into the water tank uniformly under the guiding action of the heat storage side lower water distributor 8. The high-temperature water entering the deep part of the water tank flows into the water tank through the round hole with the upward hole direction at a certain speed and is fully mixed with the low-temperature water at the upper part in a convection heat exchange mode. The mixed water flows into the water distributor through a branch pipe with the orifice direction facing downwards under the guiding action of the water distributor 7 at the upper part of the heat accumulation side and further flows into the water outlet pipeline 6 at the heat accumulation side.
When heat is released, high-temperature hot water uniformly and slowly flows into the heat release side water outlet pipeline 4 through the flow guiding effect of the heat release side upper water distributor 3. The orifice direction of the water distributor 3 at the upper part of the heat discharging side is upward, and the water flow disturbance in the vertical direction is reduced while high-temperature hot water is guided to flow uniformly.
The low-temperature water returned after circulation of users or heat utilization equipment flows into the heat storage water tank 13 through the heat release side water inlet pipeline 1 and is horizontally and uniformly pushed to the bottom plane of the whole heat storage water tank 13 through the heat release side lower water distributor 2. The opening direction of the water distributor 2 at the lower part of the heat-releasing side is downward, and low-temperature water uniformly and slowly flows out from the holes below the branch pipes of the water distributor under the guiding action of the water distributor.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the length of the water distributor on the heat release side and the design of the orifice are selected according to the flow rate, the proper Froude number and the proper Reynolds number.
The length of the water distributor at the heat storage side and the opening are determined according to the maximum water flow speed at the opening and the maximum mixing degree of cold water and hot water in the water tank. Because of the on-way resistance and the local resistance, in order to make the flow of each branch pipe and the orifice of the water distributor consistent, the pipe diameter of the branch pipe and the size of the orifice of the water distributor are determined by taking the flow sharing and the uniform speed as a first principle.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: the sum of the flows of the branch pipes of the water distributor at the heat storage side is equal to the flow of the main pipe of the water distributor at the heat storage side, namely G is G1+G2+G3+...Gn. Wherein
Orifice water velocity V ═ ρ gA where a is the orifice area. Under the condition of ensuring that the pipe diameter flow and the orifice flow rate of each branch pipe are consistent, the orifice caliber on the branch pipe of the water distributor is reduced, and the orifice flow rate is improved. The length of the water distributor is determined by firstly matching the specification of the heat storage water tank 13, so that the uniform water outlet inside the heat storage water tank 13 is ensured. Under this prerequisite, reduce injection mandrel length, reduce the on-way resistance, avoid the velocity of flow to slow down.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure should be limited only by the attached claims.
Claims (10)
1. A heat storage device with high-efficiency heat storage and release comprises a heat storage water tank (13), and is characterized in that a heat storage side lower water distributor (8) inside the heat storage water tank (13) is connected with a heat storage side water inlet pipeline (5) in a welding mode; the upper water distributor (7) at the heat storage side is connected with the water outlet pipeline (6) at the heat storage side in a welding mode;
the upper water distributor (7) at the heat storage side and the lower water distributor (8) at the heat storage side have the same shape, but the opening directions are opposite;
a branch pipe of the water distributor (7) at the upper part of the heat storage side is provided with a hole with the direction of the hole facing downwards; a branch pipe of the water distributor (8) at the lower part of the heat storage side is provided with a hole with the direction of the hole facing upwards; the upper water distributor (7) at the heat storage side is provided with a hole below the branch pipe, and the lower water distributor (8) at the heat storage side is provided with a hole above the branch pipe;
a heat release side water distributor connected with a heat release side water inlet and outlet pipeline is arranged in the heat storage water tank (13), and a heat release side lower water distributor (2) is connected with the heat release side water inlet pipeline (1) in a welding mode; the water distributor (3) at the upper part of the heat release side is connected with the water outlet pipeline (4) at the heat release side in a welding way;
the position of the upper water distributor (3) of the heat release side is arranged below the water surface, and the distance from the upper water distributor (3) of the heat release side to the water surface is equal to the distance from the lower water distributor (2) of the heat release side to the bottom of the heat storage water tank (13);
the upper water distributor (3) at the heat release side and the lower water distributor (2) at the heat release side have the same shape, but the opening directions are opposite;
the water distributor (3) at the upper part of the heat release side is provided with a hole on the branch pipe, the opening direction of the hole is upward, and the water distributor (2) at the lower part of the heat release side is provided with a hole on the branch pipe, and the opening direction of the hole is downward.
2. A device for storing and releasing heat according to claim 1, characterized in that the lengths and the openings of the upper and lower heat-storing side water distributors (7, 8) are determined according to the maximum water flow speed at the openings and the maximum mixing uniformity of the cold and hot water in the water tank.
3. A thermal storage apparatus for storing and releasing heat with high efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that water level probes are installed at different levels inside the thermal storage tank (13), and temperature sensors are installed at the probes for monitoring the temperature inside the tank at different water levels.
4. A high efficiency heat storage and release heat storage apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage side and the heat release side of the heat storage water tank (13) are provided with water inlets and water outlets, the water inlets on both sides of the heat storage water tank (13) are disposed in the lower portion of the heat storage water tank (13), and the water outlets on both sides of the heat storage water tank (13) are disposed in the upper portion of the heat storage water tank (13);
the water inlet comprises a water inlet arranged on the heat release side and a water inlet arranged on the heat storage side, a heat release side water inlet pipeline (1) is installed on the water inlet on the heat release side, and a heat storage side water inlet pipeline (5) is installed on the water inlet on the heat storage side;
a heat release side lower water distributor (2) communicated with the heat release side water inlet pipeline (1) and a heat accumulation side lower water distributor (8) communicated with the heat accumulation side water inlet pipeline (5) are installed at the bottom of the heat accumulation water tank (13), and a heat release side upper water distributor (3) communicated with the heat release side water outlet pipeline (4) and a heat accumulation side upper water distributor (7) communicated with the heat accumulation side water outlet pipeline (6) are installed at the top of the heat accumulation water tank (13);
the heat release side water inlet pipeline (1) and the heat release side water outlet pipeline (4) are arranged on the same side face of the heat storage water tank (13);
the heat release side water inlet pipeline (1) at the lower part of the heat storage water tank (13) is arranged at the center of the heat storage water tank (13) in the horizontal direction, and the vertical height is determined according to the Froude criterion;
the heat release side water outlet pipeline (4) at the upper part of the heat storage water tank (13) is arranged in the horizontal direction and is positioned at the center of the heat storage water tank (13), and the distance from the heat storage water tank (13) to the top in the vertical direction is equal to the distance from the heat release side water inlet pipeline (1) to the bottom of the heat storage water tank (13);
the heat storage side water inlet pipeline (5) and the heat storage side water outlet pipeline (6) are located at the center position of the heat storage water tank (13) in the horizontal direction, and the vertical height is determined according to the Froude criterion number.
5. A heat storage device with high efficiency heat storage and release according to claim 1, characterized in that an overflow pipe (11) is provided at an upper portion of the case side of the heat storage water tank (13) for guiding and discharging excess water in the heat storage water tank (13);
the top of the heat storage water tank (13) is provided with a water supplementing pipe (9) which is used for providing water supplementing quantity for the heat storage water tank (13) when the heat storage water tank (13) is lack of water;
a drain pipe (10) is arranged at the lower part of the heat storage water tank (13) and is used for draining water in the water tank when the heat storage water tank (13) is overhauled and cleaned;
the heat storage water tank (13) is externally coated with a heat insulation layer (12) for protecting the shell of the heat storage water tank (13) and insulating heat of the heat storage water tank (13).
6. A method of exchanging heat with a thermal storage device of a thermal storage device for storing and releasing heat efficiently as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising:
during heat storage, cold and hot water in the heat storage water tank (13) is uniformly mixed in a convection heat exchange mode by utilizing the physical properties of the cold and hot water and the flow guiding effect of a water distributor at the heat storage side;
in the heat release, hot water distributed on the upper part of the heat storage water tank (13) flows out of the heat supply system from the upper part at an orifice flow rate of 0.1-0.3 m/s, and low-temperature water after heat release is introduced into the water tank from the lower part of the heat storage water tank (13) at an orifice flow rate of 0.1-0.3 m/s, so that different hot and cold water layers are formed.
7. The heat exchange method according to the heat storage apparatus as described in claim 6, wherein in the heat storage, hot water of high temperature heated by a heating device such as a boiler is introduced into the heat storage side water inlet pipe (5) disposed at the lower portion of the heat storage water tank (13) and is uniformly introduced into the interior of the water tank by the guiding action of the heat storage side lower water distributor (8); the high-temperature water entering the deep part of the water tank flows into the water tank through the round hole with the upward orifice direction and is fully mixed with the low-temperature water at the upper part in a convection heat exchange mode.
8. The heat exchange method according to the heat storage apparatus of claim 6, wherein the mixed water is guided by the heat storage side upper water distributor (7) to flow into the water distributor through a branch pipe whose opening is directed downward and then flows into the heat storage side water outlet pipe (6);
the length of the water distributor at the heat storage side and the orifice are determined according to the maximum water flow speed at the orifice and the maximum mixing uniformity degree of cold and hot water in the water tank; the method for determining the length and the hole opening of the water distributor on the heat storage side comprises the following steps:
the sum of the flows of the branch pipes of the water distributor at the heat storage side is equal to the flow of the main pipe of the water distributor at the heat storage side, and G is equal to G1+G2+G3+...Gn(ii) a Wherein
Orifice water velocity V ═ ρ gA, where a is the orifice area; under the condition that the pipe diameter flow and the orifice flow rate of each branch pipe are consistent, the orifice caliber on the branch pipe of the water distributor is reduced, and the orifice flow rate is improved; the length of the water distributor is determined to be matched with the specification of the heat storage water tank (13) firstly, so that the water in the heat storage water tank (13) is discharged uniformly.
9. The heat exchange method of the heat storage device according to claim 6, wherein in the heat release, the hot water of high temperature flows uniformly and slowly into the heat release side water outlet pipe (4) by the flow guiding action of the heat release side upper water distributor (3); the orifice direction of the water distributor (3) at the upper part of the heat release side is upward, and the water flow disturbance in the vertical direction is reduced while the high-temperature hot water is guided to flow uniformly;
the low-temperature water returned after circulation of users or heat utilization equipment flows into the heat storage water tank (13) through the heat release side water inlet pipeline (1) and is horizontally and uniformly pushed to the bottom plane of the whole heat storage water tank (13) through the heat release side lower water distributor (2);
the opening direction of the water distributor (2) at the lower part of the heat release side is downward, and low-temperature water uniformly and slowly flows out from holes below the branch pipes of the water distributor under the guiding action of the water distributor;
the length of the water distributor at the heat release side and the diameter of the orifice are determined according to the selection of flow rate, proper Froude number and proper Reynolds number.
10. A thermal storage device carrying the high-efficiency heat storage and release according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN114166056B (en) | 2023-05-30 |
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