CN114166054A - Heat storage system and method for improving heat storage and heat release efficiency and heat supply system - Google Patents
Heat storage system and method for improving heat storage and heat release efficiency and heat supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114166054A CN114166054A CN202111449294.2A CN202111449294A CN114166054A CN 114166054 A CN114166054 A CN 114166054A CN 202111449294 A CN202111449294 A CN 202111449294A CN 114166054 A CN114166054 A CN 114166054A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
- F28D20/0039—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material with stratification of the heat storage material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
- F28C3/04—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media both being liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy application of a heat storage water tank, and discloses a heat storage system, a heat storage method and a heat supply system for improving heat storage and heat release efficiency, wherein an upper water distributor and a lower water distributor are arranged in the heat storage water tank, the upper water distributor is connected with a water outlet pipeline, and the lower water distributor is connected with a water inlet pipeline; and the heat storage side circulating water pump is arranged on the heat storage side water inlet pipeline and the heat storage side water return pipeline. The heat release side circulating water pump is installed on the heat release side inlet and outlet water return pipeline, the heat storage side circulating water pump and the heat release side circulating water pump adopt variable frequency pumps, and the rotating speed is adjusted through a variable frequency motor so as to adjust the flow. Valves are respectively arranged on the heat storage side water supply and return pipelines and the heat release side water supply and return pipelines, and the water flow speed and the water flow direction are regulated in the heat storage and heat release operation process of the water tank. The invention accelerates the mixing speed of cold water and hot water and improves the energy storage efficiency through the adjustment of the water pump and the valve and the flow guiding function of the water distributor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy application of heat storage water tanks, and particularly relates to a heat storage system, a heat storage method and a heat supply system for improving heat storage and heat release efficiency.
Background
The heat storage water tank is an important component of a heat supply system, and heats water to a certain temperature by using peak-valley electricity price difference during the low-valley period of electricity utilization, so that heat is stored in the water in a sensible heat manner, and the heat in the water is released and reasonably utilized during the high-peak period of electricity utilization, and the heat storage water tank has the advantages of peak clipping, valley filling, saving and emission reduction. The common heat storage water tank ensures good temperature stratification in the water tank when releasing heat, and avoids water supply temperature reduction caused by mixing of water with different temperatures; but the problem brought about simultaneously is that the cold and hot water mixing degree is lower because of the difference of cold and hot water density during heat storage, the temperature raising speed is slower, the heat storage time is prolonged, and the energy storage efficiency is reduced.
Therefore, the mixing degree of cold water and hot water is accelerated during heat storage, so that water in the water tank is quickly heated, and the energy storage efficiency is improved; good temperature stratification is kept during heat release, the water supply temperature is relatively increased, and the heat release time is prolonged, so that the high-efficiency heat storage and heat release efficiency of the water tank is very important.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) when the existing heating equipment is used for storing heat, the vertical temperature gradient is obvious. So that the energy storage efficiency is low.
(2) When the existing heating equipment releases heat, the good water temperature layering effect cannot be guaranteed, so that the heat release time is short.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the device of the invention realizes the high-efficiency heat storage and release of the heat storage water tank mainly through the combined action of the circulating water pump and the valve outside the heat storage water tank and the water distributor inside the heat storage water tank. Different heating systems correspond to different models of water pumps and valves with pipe diameters, and the water pumps, the valves and the pipe diameters are selected to realize safe and efficient operation of the whole heating system, so that the effect of the heat storage water tank needs to be considered after the whole system is considered if the effect of the invention is realized, and the realization of efficient heat storage and release of the heat storage water tank is limited. If the limitation needs to be solved, a valve or a water pump needs to be additionally arranged, or even a heat storage water tank is continuously regulated and controlled to realize the high-efficiency operation of the heat storage water tank under the safe and high-efficiency operation of a large system.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the heat storage water tank changes the conventional heat storage method for heating up layer by layer in space during heat storage, realizes the superposition heating up of the heat storage water tank on temperature by accelerating the mixing degree of cold water and hot water, and improves the heat storage efficiency. When heat is released, the water supply temperature is relatively increased, the heat release time is prolonged, and the energy utilization rate is increased by a method of ensuring water temperature stratification by avoiding mixing of supply water and return water. The heat storage water tank disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the heat storage efficiency of the water tank is improved, the heat release time is prolonged, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the energy saving and emission reduction effects are realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the disclosed embodiments of the present invention provide a heat storage system, a method and a heat supply system for improving heat storage and heat release efficiency, wherein a convection heat transfer mode is used to ensure that cold and hot water are rapidly and uniformly mixed during heat storage, and the water temperature forms a good stratification effect during heat release, thereby improving heat storage and heat release efficiency,
the technical scheme is as follows: a method of storing and releasing heat in a thermal storage system, comprising:
during heat storage, cold and hot water in the heat storage water tank are uniformly mixed in a convection heat exchange mode by utilizing the physical properties of the cold and hot water, and the cold and hot water are rapidly mixed through the regulation of a second heat storage side circulating water pump and a second valve and the flow guide effect of a lower water distributor; (the relationship between the flow rate of the orifice and the height of the heat storage water tank is matched according to the specification of the heat storage water tank, the Reynolds number is enlarged as much as possible, so that water flowing out of the orifice forms jet flow, and the purpose of quickly mixing cold water and hot water is achieved by entrainment of surrounding fluid).
When heat is released, high-temperature hot water distributed on the upper part of the heat storage water tank uniformly and slowly (with the flow speed range of 0.1-0.3 m/s) flows out of the heat supply system from the upper part, and low-temperature return water after heat release is uniformly and slowly introduced into the heat storage water tank from the lower part of the heat storage water tank, so that the water temperature is layered.
In one embodiment, when the heat storage water tank stores heat, the first heat storage side circulating water pump, the second heat storage side circulating water pump, the first valve and the second valve are opened; the first heat release side circulating water pump, the second heat release side circulating water pump, the third valve and the fourth valve are closed;
high-temperature hot water heated by boiler heating equipment enters a water inlet pipeline arranged at the lower part of the heat storage water tank at a certain flow rate, and then flows into the heat storage water tank uniformly under the guiding action of a lower water distributor;
high-temperature water entering the heat storage water tank flows into the heat storage water tank through the round holes in the branch pipes of the lower water distributor and is fully mixed with the low-temperature water at the upper part in a convection heat exchange mode; the mixed water flows into a water outlet pipeline under the guiding action of the upper water distributor and then flows into the boiler heating equipment through a heat storage side water supply pipeline.
In one embodiment, the flow rate is adjusted by adjusting the frequency of the first heat storage side circulating water pump and the second heat storage side circulating water pump and the opening degree of the first valve and the second valve, so that the water flow speed at the water inlet of the heat storage water tank is changed.
In one embodiment, when the heat storage water tank releases heat, the first heat release side circulating water pump, the second heat release side circulating water pump, the third valve and the fourth valve are opened; the first heat storage side circulating water pump, the second heat storage side circulating water pump, the first valve and the second valve are closed; high-temperature hot water in the heat storage water tank flows into a water outlet pipeline under the flow guide effect of the upper water distributor; the orifice direction of the water distributor at the upper part of the heat release side is upward, and the water flow disturbance in the vertical direction is reduced while high-temperature hot water is guided to flow uniformly; the low-temperature water returned after circulation by a user or a thermal device flows into the heat storage water tank through the water inlet pipeline and is horizontally and uniformly pushed to the bottom plane of the whole heat storage water tank through the lower water distributor.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage system for improving heat storage and release efficiency, comprising a heat storage water tank, wherein an upper water distributor and a lower water distributor are installed inside the heat storage water tank; the upper water distributor is connected with the water outlet pipeline in a welding way, and the lower water distributor is connected with the water inlet pipeline in a welding way;
the water outlet pipeline is communicated with a heat storage side water supply pipeline through a first heat storage side circulating water pump, and a first valve is arranged between the first heat storage side circulating water pump and the water outlet pipeline;
the water outlet pipeline is also communicated with a heat release side water supply pipeline through a second heat release side circulating water pump, and a fourth valve is arranged between the second heat release side circulating water pump and the water outlet pipeline;
the water inlet pipeline is communicated with a heat storage side water return pipeline through a second heat storage side circulating water pump, and a second valve is arranged between the second heat storage side circulating water pump and the water inlet pipeline;
the water inlet pipeline is also communicated with a heat release side water return pipeline through a first heat release side circulating water pump, and a third valve is arranged between the first heat release side circulating water pump and the water inlet pipeline;
the first heat storage side circulating water pump and the second heat storage side circulating water pump both adopt variable frequency pumps, and the water flow speed is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed through a variable frequency motor; the first valve, the fourth valve, the second valve and the third valve are used for adjusting the water flow speed and dispatching the water flow direction in the heat accumulation and heat release operation process of the water tank.
In one embodiment, the water inlet pipeline is positioned at the center of the heat storage water tank in the horizontal direction, and the vertical height is determined according to the Froude criterion number; the water outlet pipeline is positioned at the center of the heat storage water tank in the horizontal direction, and the distance from the water outlet pipeline to the top of the heat storage water tank in the vertical direction is equal to the distance from the water inlet pipeline to the bottom of the heat storage water tank;
a plurality of water level probes are installed in the heat storage water tank, the water level probes are arranged at equal intervals, and temperature sensors are installed on the water level probes and used for monitoring and reflecting the temperature in the heat storage water tank at different water levels.
In one embodiment, the upper and lower water distributors are the same shape;
the upper water distributor branch pipe is provided with holes, the hole opening direction of the holes is upward, and the lower water distributor branch pipe is provided with holes, the hole opening direction of the holes is downward.
In one embodiment, an overflow pipe is arranged at the upper part of the side surface of the heat storage water tank body and used for guiding and discharging redundant water in the heat storage water tank.
In one embodiment, a water replenishing pipe is arranged at the top of the heat storage water tank, and when the heat storage water tank is lack of water, the water replenishing pipe supplies water replenishing quantity to the heat storage water tank.
In one embodiment, a drain pipe is arranged at the lower part of the heat storage water tank and is used for draining water in the heat storage water tank during maintenance and cleaning of the water tank;
and the outer side of the heat storage water tank is uniformly wrapped with a heat insulation layer. Protecting the heat storage water tank and improving the heat preservation performance of the heat storage water tank.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the heat storage side circulating water pump is arranged on a heat storage side water inlet pipeline and a heat storage side water return pipeline. The heat release side circulating water pump is installed on the heat release side inlet and outlet water return pipeline, the heat storage side circulating water pump and the heat release side circulating water pump adopt variable frequency pumps, and the rotating speed is adjusted through a variable frequency motor so as to adjust the flow. Valves are respectively arranged on the heat storage side water supply and return pipelines and the heat release side water supply and return pipelines, and the water flow speed and the water flow direction are regulated in the heat storage and heat release operation process of the water tank.
Through the scheme, when heat is stored, the cold water and the hot water in the water tank are uniformly mixed in a convection heat exchange mode by utilizing the physical properties of the cold water and the hot water, and no obvious vertical temperature gradient exists. Through the regulation of the water pump and the valve and the flow guide effect of the water distributor, the mixing speed of cold water and hot water is increased, and the energy storage efficiency is improved.
When releasing heat, will distribute in a large number because of the density less high temperature hot water on heat storage water tank upper portion and evenly slowly flow out from the upper portion and supply with hot system, evenly slowly introduce the water tank from the water tank lower part with the low temperature return water after releasing heat, guarantee good temperature layering effect, avoid the hot and cold water mixture to cause the supply water temperature to reduce, the extension is released heat the time.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a layout diagram of a thermal storage system for improving thermal storage and heat release efficiency according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front structural view of a thermal storage system for improving thermal storage and heat release efficiency according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a thermal storage system with improved thermal storage and release efficiency provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a thermal storage system for improving thermal storage and heat release efficiency according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for storing heat and releasing heat of a heat storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a heat storage side water return pipeline; 2. a heat storage side water supply pipeline; 3. a heat release side water supply pipeline; 4. a heat release side water return pipeline; 5. an upper water distributor; 6. a lower water distributor; 7. a first heat storage side circulating water pump; 8. a first heat release side circulating water pump; 9. a first valve; 10. a second valve; 11. a third valve; 12. a fourth valve; 13. a water outlet pipeline; 14. a water inlet pipe; 15. a water replenishing pipe; 16. a drain pipe; 17. an overflow pipe; 18. a heat storage water tank; 19. a second heat storage side circulating water pump; 20. and a second heat release side circulating water pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Aiming at the defects of a common water tank, the invention provides a device which can improve the heat storage efficiency of the water tank during heat storage and can ensure a good water temperature layering effect in the water tank during heat release, thereby realizing a heat storage system with high efficiency in heat storage and heat release.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the heat storage system for improving heat storage and heat release efficiency provided by the present invention comprises a heat storage water tank 18, wherein an upper water distributor 5 and a lower water distributor 6 are respectively arranged inside the heat storage water tank 18, the upper water distributor 5 is connected with a water outlet pipe 13, and the lower water distributor 6 is connected with a water inlet pipe 14, which are all connected by welding. The inlet pipe 14 and the outlet pipe 13 are connected to the hot water storage tank 18 at different positions. The water inlet pipe 14 is located at the center of the thermal storage water tank 18 in the horizontal direction, and the vertical height is determined according to the froude's norm number.
The outlet pipe 13 is located at the center of the hot water storage tank 18 in the horizontal direction, and the distance from the outlet pipe 13 to the top of the hot water storage tank 18 in the vertical direction is equal to the distance from the inlet pipe 14 to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 18.
The upper water distributor 5 and the lower water distributor 6 are identical in shape and are in a dry shape, but the opening directions are opposite. The branch pipe of the upper water distributor 5 is provided with holes with upward hole opening direction, and the branch pipe of the lower water distributor 6 is provided with holes with downward hole opening direction.
A second heat storage side circulating water pump 19 is installed on the water inlet pipe 14 and the heat storage side water return pipe 1.
The first heat storage side circulating water pump 7 is installed on the heat storage side water supply pipeline 2 and the water outlet pipeline 13;
the first heat storage side circulating water pump 7 and the water outlet pipe 13 and the second heat storage side circulating water pump 19 and the water inlet pipe 14 are connected by flanges.
The first heat storage side circulating water pump 7, the second heat storage side circulating water pump 19, the first heat release side circulating water pump 8 and the second heat release side circulating water pump 20 are all frequency conversion pumps, and the rotating speed is adjusted through a frequency conversion motor so as to adjust the flow.
A second valve 10 is installed on the heat storage side water return pipeline 1, a first valve 9 is installed on the heat storage side water supply pipeline 2, a third valve 11 is installed on the heat release side water return pipeline 4 (user side water return pipeline), and a fourth valve 12 is installed on the heat release side water supply pipeline 3 (user side water supply pipeline);
the water flow speed and the water flow direction are regulated during the heat storage and heat release operation of the heat storage water tank 18.
The first valve 9 installed on the heat storage side water supply pipeline 2 and the second valve 10 installed on the heat storage side water return pipeline 1 are electric control valves, and the first valve 9 and the heat storage side water return pipeline 1 (heat source side water return pipeline) and the second valve 10 and the heat storage side water supply pipeline 2 (heat source side water supply pipeline) are connected through flanges.
The fourth valve 12 installed on the heat release side water supply pipeline 3 and the third valve 11 installed on the heat release side water return pipeline 4 are electric regulating valves, and the fourth valve 12, the heat release side water supply pipeline 3, the third valve 11 and the heat release side water return pipeline 4 are connected through flanges.
Water level probes are arranged at different heights in the heat storage water tank 18, and the water level probes are arranged at equal intervals. Meanwhile, a temperature sensor is arranged on each water level probe and used for monitoring and reflecting the temperature in the heat storage water tank 18 at different water levels.
The upper part of the side surface of the heat storage water tank 18 is provided with an overflow pipe 17 which guides and discharges redundant water in the heat storage water tank 18, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the heat storage water tank 18. The top of the heat storage water tank 18 is provided with a water replenishing pipe 15 which supplies replenishing water for the heat storage water tank 18 when the heat storage water tank 18 is lack of water. The lower part of the hot water storage tank 18 is provided with a drain pipe 16 which is used for draining water in the hot water storage tank 18 when the tank is overhauled and cleaned. The outside of hot water storage tank 18 evenly wraps up has the heat preservation, and the heat preservation adopts insulation material, mainly plays the effect of protecting hot water storage tank 18 and improving hot water storage tank 18 heat preservation performance.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a heat storage and release method for a heat storage system, including:
s101, during heat storage, cold and hot water in the heat storage water tank 18 of the water tank are uniformly mixed in a convection heat exchange mode by utilizing the physical properties of the cold and hot water, and the cold and hot water are mixed through the regulation of the second heat storage side circulating water pump 19 and the second valve 10 and the flow guide effect of the lower water distributor 6;
s102, when heat is released, high-temperature hot water distributed on the upper part of the heat storage water tank 18 uniformly and slowly flows out of the heat supply system from the upper part, and low-temperature return water after heat release is uniformly and slowly introduced into the heat storage water tank 18 from the lower part of the heat storage water tank 18, so that water temperatures are layered. The flow rate is in the range of 0.1-0.3 m/s.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the hot water storage tank 18 stores hot water, the first hot-side circulating water pump 7, the second hot-side circulating water pump 19, the first valve 9, and the second valve 10 are opened; the first heat release-side circulation water pump 8, the second heat release-side circulation water pump 20, the third valve 11, and the fourth valve 12 are closed. High-temperature hot water heated by a heating device such as a boiler enters the water inlet pipe 14 arranged at the lower part of the heat storage water tank 18 at a certain flow rate, and then flows into the heat storage water tank 18 uniformly under the guiding action of the lower water distributor 6.
The high temperature water entering the heat storage water tank 18 flows into the heat storage water tank 18 through the circular holes on the branch pipes of the lower water distributor 6, and is fully mixed with the low temperature water at the upper part in a convection heat exchange mode. The mixed water flows into the water outlet pipe 13 by the guiding action of the upper water distributor 5 and further flows into a heating apparatus such as a boiler through the heat storage side water supply pipe 2.
Meanwhile, the flow rate is adjusted by adjusting the frequency of the first heat storage side circulating water pump 7 and the second heat storage side circulating water pump 19 and the opening degree of the first valve 9 and the second valve 10, so that the water flow speed at the water inlet of the heat storage water tank 18 is increased, the mixing degree of cold water and hot water is increased, and the energy storage efficiency is improved.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the hot water storage tank 18 releases heat, the first heat release side circulation water pump 8, the second heat release side circulation water pump 20, the third valve 11, and the fourth valve 12 are opened; the first heat storage side circulation water pump 7, the second heat storage side circulation water pump 19, the first valve 9, and the second valve 10 are closed.
The high-temperature hot water in the hot water storage tank 18 uniformly and slowly flows into the water outlet pipeline 13 through the flow guiding effect of the upper water distributor 5. The orifice of the water distributor 5 at the upper part of the heat release side faces upwards, and the water flow disturbance in the vertical direction is reduced while high-temperature hot water is guided to flow uniformly. The low-temperature water which is circulated by users or thermal equipment flows into the heat storage water tank 18 through the water inlet pipeline 14 and is horizontally and uniformly pushed to the bottom plane of the whole heat storage water tank 18 through the lower water distributor 6. The water temperature control device ensures good water temperature layering effect, relatively improves water supply temperature, and reduces heat loss caused by mixing cold water and hot water.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure should be limited only by the attached claims.
Claims (10)
1. A heat storage system for improving heat storage and release efficiency comprises a heat storage water tank (18), and is characterized in that an upper water distributor (5) and a lower water distributor (6) are arranged in the heat storage water tank (18); the upper water distributor (5) is connected with the water outlet pipeline (13) through welding, and the lower water distributor (6) is connected with the water inlet pipeline (14) through welding;
the water outlet pipeline (13) is communicated with the heat storage side water supply pipeline (2) through a first heat storage side circulating water pump (7), and a first valve (9) is arranged between the first heat storage side circulating water pump (7) and the water outlet pipeline (13);
the water outlet pipeline (13) is also communicated with a heat release side water supply pipeline (3) through a second heat release side circulating water pump (20), and a fourth valve (12) is arranged between the second heat release side circulating water pump (20) and the water outlet pipeline (13);
the water inlet pipeline (14) is communicated with the heat storage side water return pipeline (1) through a second heat storage side circulating water pump (19), and a second valve (10) is arranged between the second heat storage side circulating water pump (19) and the water inlet pipeline (14);
the water inlet pipeline (14) is also communicated with a heat release side water return pipeline (4) through a first heat release side circulating water pump (8), and a third valve (11) is arranged between the first heat release side circulating water pump (8) and the water inlet pipeline (14);
the first heat storage side circulating water pump (7) and the second heat storage side circulating water pump (19) both adopt variable frequency pumps, and the water flow rate is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed through a variable frequency motor; the first valve (9), the fourth valve (12), the second valve (10) and the third valve (11) are used for adjusting the water flow speed and dispatching the water flow direction in the heat storage and heat release operation process of the water tank.
2. A thermal storage system for increasing the efficiency of heat storage and release according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper water distributor (5) is of the same shape as the lower water distributor (6);
the water inlet pipeline (14) is positioned at the center of the heat storage water tank (18) in the horizontal direction, and the vertical height is determined according to the Froude criterion; the water outlet pipeline (13) is positioned at the center of the heat storage water tank (18) in the horizontal direction, and the distance from the water outlet pipeline (13) to the top of the heat storage water tank (18) in the vertical direction is equal to the distance from the water inlet pipeline (14) to the bottom of the heat storage water tank (18);
the branch pipe of the upper water distributor (5) is provided with holes with upward hole opening directions, and the branch pipe of the lower water distributor (6) is provided with holes with downward hole opening directions.
3. A thermal storage system for improving the efficiency of heat storage and release according to claim 1,
a plurality of water level probes are arranged in the heat storage water tank (18) at equal intervals, and temperature sensors are arranged on the water level probes and used for monitoring and reflecting the temperature in the heat storage water tank (18) at different water levels;
an overflow pipe (17) is arranged at the upper part of the side surface of the heat storage water tank (18) to guide and discharge redundant water in the heat storage water tank (18).
4. A heat storage system for improving heat storage and release efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that a water replenishing pipe (15) is provided at the top of the heat storage water tank (18) to supply a water replenishing amount to the heat storage water tank (18) when the heat storage water tank (18) is short of water.
5. A heat storage system for improving heat storage and release efficiency according to claim 1, wherein a drain pipe (16) is installed at a lower portion of the heat storage water tank (18) for draining water in the heat storage water tank (18) during tank maintenance and cleaning;
and the outer side of the heat storage water tank (18) is uniformly wrapped with a heat insulation layer.
6. A method of storing and releasing heat using the thermal storage system of any one of claims 1 to 5 to improve the efficiency of storing and releasing heat, the method comprising:
during heat storage, cold and hot water in a heat storage water tank (18) of the water tank are uniformly mixed by utilizing the physical properties of the cold and hot water and a convection heat exchange mode, and the cold and hot water are rapidly mixed by adjusting a second heat storage side circulating water pump (19) and a second valve (10) and the flow guide effect of a lower water distributor (6);
when heat is released, high-temperature hot water distributed on the upper part of the heat storage water tank (18) flows out of the heat supply system from the upper part at the flow speed of 0.1-0.3 m/s, and low-temperature return water after heat release is uniformly and slowly introduced into the heat storage water tank (18) from the lower part of the heat storage water tank (18) so that the water temperature is layered.
7. The heat storage and release method according to claim 6, characterized in that the first heat storage side circulating water pump (7), the second heat storage side circulating water pump (19), the first valve (9), the second valve (10) are opened when the heat storage tank (18) stores heat; the first heat release side circulating water pump (8), the second heat release side circulating water pump (20), the third valve (11) and the fourth valve (12) are closed;
high-temperature hot water heated by the boiler heating equipment enters a water inlet pipeline (14) arranged at the lower part of the heat storage water tank (18) at a certain flow rate and then flows into the heat storage water tank (18) uniformly under the guiding action of a lower water distributor (6);
high-temperature water entering the heat storage water tank (18) flows into the heat storage water tank (18) through round holes in the branch pipes of the lower water distributor (6) and is fully mixed with low-temperature water at the upper part in a convection heat exchange mode; the mixed water flows into a water outlet pipeline (13) through the guiding action of an upper water distributor (5) and then flows into the boiler heating equipment through a heat storage side water supply pipeline (2).
8. The heat storage and release method according to claim 6, characterized in that the flow rate at the water inlet of the heat storage water tank (18) is changed by adjusting the frequency of the first heat storage side circulating water pump (7) and the second heat storage side circulating water pump (19) and the opening degree of the first valve (9) and the second valve (10) to adjust the flow rate.
9. The heat storage and release method according to claim 6, characterized in that when the heat storage water tank (18) releases heat, the first heat release side circulation water pump (8), the second heat release side circulation water pump (20), the third valve (11), and the fourth valve (12) are opened; the first heat storage side circulating water pump (7), the second heat storage side circulating water pump (19), the first valve (9) and the second valve (10) are closed; high-temperature hot water in the heat storage water tank (18) flows into the water outlet pipeline (13) under the flow guiding action of the upper water distributor (5); the orifice direction of the water distributor (5) at the upper part of the heat discharging side is upward; the low-temperature water returned after being circulated by users or thermal equipment flows into the heat storage water tank (18) through the water inlet pipeline (14) and is horizontally and uniformly pushed to the bottom plane of the whole heat storage water tank (18) through the lower water distributor (6).
10. A heating system which implements the heat storage and release method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.
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