CN114164794A - Floating row for preventing evaporation on water surface of plain reservoir, waterlogging dam and lake in arid region - Google Patents
Floating row for preventing evaporation on water surface of plain reservoir, waterlogging dam and lake in arid region Download PDFInfo
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- CN114164794A CN114164794A CN202111485161.0A CN202111485161A CN114164794A CN 114164794 A CN114164794 A CN 114164794A CN 202111485161 A CN202111485161 A CN 202111485161A CN 114164794 A CN114164794 A CN 114164794A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaporation-proof floating raft for plain reservoirs, flooded dams and lake water surfaces in arid regions, wherein two ports of a straight cylindrical plastic water delivery hard pipe are fixedly connected and sealed by end plates to form floating pipes, adjacent floating pipes of a single-layer floating pipe row which is uniformly distributed and arranged in order are not provided with a gap, an upper clamping rod and a lower clamping rod are transversely arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the single-layer floating pipe row, the upper clamping rod and the lower clamping rod are mutually symmetrical, two ends of the upper clamping rod and the lower clamping rod which extend out of two sides of the single-layer floating pipe row are fastened and connected together by ropes or galvanized iron wires, the single-layer floating pipe row is clamped and fixed to form the evaporation-proof floating raft, the evaporation-proof floating pipe row which is uniformly distributed and arranged in order is arranged on the water surface, and the evaporation-proof floating barrier on the water surface is formed by flexibly connecting the ropes into pieces. The invention has reasonable structure, reliable performance, enough strength and flexibility, multiple effects of preventing evaporation and saving water, inhibiting the increase of water mineralization and relieving lake atrophy, capability of resisting the damage of wind and wave force, long service life and high water saving efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an evaporation-proof water-saving technology for covering water surfaces of plain reservoirs, waterlogging dams and lakes in arid regions, in particular to a floating raft for preventing evaporation of water surfaces of plain reservoirs, waterlogging dams and lakes in arid regions.
Background
In arid and semiarid regions, a plurality of plain reservoirs are arranged, are mostly located on the ox yoke lake, the ancient river channel and the fan edge depression of the alluvial plano, and are characterized by large area, small water depth and large evaporation loss. Most of the 564 reservoirs established in Xinjiang were plain reservoirs. The total storage capacity of these reservoirs is about 59.3X 108m3The water surface area of the reservoir is about 2000 km2The average water depth is 2.97m, and the annual evaporation capacity loss of the Xinjiang reservoir is 26.1 multiplied by 10 according to the estimation of the existing research results8m3Annual leakage rate of 8X 108m3Total annual water loss of about 34.1X 108m3. Therefore, the annual evaporation loss water volume of the Xinjiang reservoir occupies a large proportion. The strong evaporation action aggravates the shortage of water resources in the area, and meanwhile, salt is concentrated by a plurality of plain reservoirs and lakes due to the large evaporation of water bodies, so that the degree of mineralization of the water bodies is increased, and the soil salt deposition speed of a downstream irrigation area and the shrinking degree of the lakes are increased. Therefore, the method reduces the ineffective evaporation loss of the plain reservoir, the waterlogging dam and the lake water surface, and has very important practical significance and profound historical significance for saving water resources, protecting the environment and promoting economic development in arid and semiarid regions.
The evaporation loss of the waterproof surface generally comprises methods such as chemical, biological and physical measures and the like. The chemical method adopts substances such as monomolecular films, various fatty acids, nonionic surfactants, organic molecules containing fatty alcohol and the like, namely chemical reagents to achieve the purpose of inhibiting water surface evaporation, but has a series of problems such as limited spreading of film forming substances on water surfaces, automatic restoration of the film under the interference of external strong force (such as wave force and the like), stability, degradability and service life of the film under chemical and biological environments, ecological influence of the chemical substances on underwater organisms and the like, and has certain difference from large-scale practical application. In addition, the limited problems that the cattail can only grow under the condition of water depth within 1m, can not be planted in cold and dry areas, can not successfully overwinter and the like exist, and the technology is not popularized. The waterproof surface evaporation test research of physical covering measures is carried out at home and abroad by adopting Polystyrene foam plastic plates PS (Expanded Polystyrene), Polyethylene soft sheets PE (Polyethylene), Paraffin Paraffin, lightweight concrete plates and other materials, but the used materials have the defects of poor wind wave resistance, collision resistance, freeze-thaw resistance, permeability resistance, ultraviolet resistance, water erosion resistance and the like, and particularly the materials are easily damaged by wind waves of more than five grades when being fixed and connected, so that a good water-saving effect is difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an evaporation-proof floating raft for plain reservoirs, flooded dams and lake water surfaces in arid regions, which has the advantages of reasonable structure, reliable performance, enough strength and flexibility and strong chemical stability, can achieve multiple effects of evaporation prevention and water conservation, inhibition of water mineralization increase and lake atrophy alleviation, can resist damage of wind and wave force, and has long service life and high water-saving efficiency.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides a float raft for arid area plain reservoir, waterlogging dam, lake surface of water prevent evaporation, including plain reservoir, waterlogging dam, lake surface of water, the both ends mouth of straight cylindric plastics water delivery hard tube adopts the end plate rigid coupling sealed constitution to float the pipe, there is not the range clearance between its adjacent superficial pipe of the individual layer of the neat arrangement of equipartition, transversely equipartition is setting up upper and lower clamping bar on the upper and lower face of individual layer superficial pipe row respectively, upper and lower clamping bar is symmetrical each other, stretch out the upper and lower clamping bar's of individual layer superficial pipe row both sides both ends and link together through connecting the fastening fixture respectively, fix and constitute the anti-evaporation float raft of fixing with single layer superficial pipe row clamp, set up the anti-evaporation float raft of equipartition neat arrangement on the surface of water to with rope flexible connection one-tenth piece, constitute the barrier of floating on the surface of water and preventing evaporation.
The invention only needs to seal two ends of straight plastic water delivery hard pipes with certain diameter, arrange the straight plastic water delivery hard pipes in order and in a single layer, fix the straight plastic water delivery hard pipes with the upper and lower surfaces in a transverse mode by the clamping rods to form a floating row, float a plurality of floating rows in order on the water surface, connect the floating rows into a piece by the ropes to obtain quite considerable evaporation prevention and water conservation quantity, simultaneously inhibit the increase of the water mineralization degree and relieve the atrophy of lakes, and has important popularization value.
The invention seals two ends of a straight plastic water delivery hard pipe with a certain diameter, arranges the straight plastic water delivery hard pipe in a neat and single layer way, fixes the straight plastic water delivery hard pipe at the upper and lower surfaces by a clamping rod transversely to form a floating row, arranges a plurality of floating rows in a neat way to float on the water surface, and can obtain quite considerable evaporation-proof water-saving quantity by connecting the floating rows into pieces by ropes so as to achieve multiple effects of evaporation-proof water saving, water mineralization degree increase inhibition and lake atrophy alleviation; the water conveying hard pipe with two closed ends is made of polyolefin materials, the hard pipe is 2-15m long and 50-200mm in diameter, the clamping rod can select the polyolefin hard pipe with two closed ends, galvanized angle steel or channel steel, the clamping rod is 1-12m long, and the materials and the sizes are selected to obtain proper density, flexibility and enough strength, so that the water conveying hard pipe can have good durability under the conditions of water level, temperature and humidity change, and can resist damage of external force (such as wind wave, anti-collision of evaporation materials, freeze-thaw cycle and the like) so as to ensure safe and stable operation period, good economy and high water saving efficiency; an appropriate amount of anti-aging agent is added into the polyolefin hard tube material with two closed ends to improve the anti-ultraviolet capability of the anti-evaporation material, and the durability of the anti-evaporation material is not less than 25 years. The addition amount of the age resister accounts for 2.5-3.7% of the weight of the evaporation-proof material, the age resister consists of an ultraviolet absorbent, a light stabilizer and an antioxidant, wherein the ultraviolet absorbent is carbon black, the addition amount of the carbon black accounts for 2-3% of the weight of the evaporation-proof material, the light stabilizer is succinic acid (42 hydroxyl 22,2,6,62 tetramethyl 212 piperidyl ethyl) ester, the addition amount of the succinic acid ester accounts for 0.4-0.5% of the weight of the evaporation-proof material, the antioxidant is organic phosphite ester, and the addition amount of the organic phosphite ester accounts for 0.1-0.2% of the weight of the evaporation-proof material; the materials and the auxiliary agent components all meet the sanitation standard of the wading plastic products; the color of the polyolefin hard pipe is adjusted to light gray, so that the heat absorption capacity of the polyolefin hard pipe under strong sunlight in summer is reduced, and the evaporation loss of peripheral water is increased.
The invention has the technical effects that: the invention can simultaneously obtain multiple effects of preventing evaporation and saving water, inhibiting the increase of water mineralization and relieving lake atrophy. A plurality of floating rows are regularly arranged and float on the water surface, and are flexibly connected into sheets by ropes, so that the evaporation-preventing water-saving rate can be further improved, and the damage degree of wind and wave force to evaporation-preventing materials can be reduced; and an appropriate amount of anti-aging agent is added into the anti-evaporation material, and the color of the anti-evaporation material is adjusted to light gray, so that the durability and the water-saving efficiency of the structure can be further improved. The whole device has good performance of resisting wind and wave, impact, freezing and thawing, permeability, ultraviolet resistance and water erosion resistance, and has low manufacturing cost, strong practicability and obvious technical progress.
The invention has reasonable structure, reliable performance, enough strength and flexibility and strong chemical stability, not only achieves the multiple effects of preventing evaporation and saving water, inhibiting the increase of water mineralization and relieving lake atrophy, but also can resist the damage of wind and wave force, and has long service life and high water saving efficiency.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the invention.
Detailed Description
A floating raft for preventing evaporation on the surface of plain reservoir, waterlogging dam and lake in arid region is composed of floating tubes 1, straight tube-shaped plastic water-delivering hard tube, end plates 2, upper and lower clamping rods 3 and 4, connecting fixture 5 for fixing the floating tubes 3 and 4, and rope for flexibly connecting them together. The length of the floating pipe 1 is 2-15m, and the diameter of the floating pipe 1 is 50-200 mm. The float pipe 1 is made of a polyolefin material. The upper and lower clamping rods 3 and 4 are made of polyolefin plastic hard tubes with two closed ports or galvanized angle steel or galvanized channel steel. The anti-aging agent is added into the material of the polyolefin plastic hard pipe forming the floating pipe 1 or the upper and lower clamping rods 3 and 4, the addition amount of the anti-aging agent is 2.5 to 3.7 percent of the weight of the material forming the polyolefin plastic hard pipe, the anti-aging agent consists of an ultraviolet absorbent, a light stabilizer and an antioxidant, wherein the ultraviolet absorbent is carbon black, the addition amount of the ultraviolet absorbent is 2 to 3 percent of the weight of the material forming the polyolefin plastic hard pipe, the light stabilizer is 42 hydroxyl 22,2,6,62 tetramethyl 212 piperidine ethyl succinate, the addition amount of the antioxidant is 0.4 to 0.5 percent of the weight of the material forming the polyolefin plastic hard pipe, and the antioxidant is organic phosphite ester, and the addition amount of the antioxidant is 0.1 to 0.2 percent of the weight of the material forming the polyolefin plastic hard pipe. The floating pipe 1 or the upper and lower clamping rods 3 and 4 made of polyolefin material both meet the sanitation standard of the wading plastic product. The colour of the float tube 1 or the upper and lower clamping bars 3, 4, which are made of polyolefin material, is grayish. The number of the upper and lower clamping rods 3 and 4 which are transversely and evenly distributed is 2-8 groups. The length of the upper and lower clamping rods 3, 4 is 1-12 m. The connecting clamp 5 is a closed tensioning hoop made of rope or galvanized iron wire.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a be used for evaporation prevention's of arid region plain reservoir, flooded dam, lake surface of water floats, includes plain reservoir, flooded dam, lake surface of water, characterized by: two ports of a straight cylindrical plastic water delivery hard pipe are fixedly connected and sealed by end plates (2) to form floating pipes (1), adjacent floating pipes (1) of a single-layer floating pipe row which is uniformly distributed and arranged are not provided with a arrangement gap, upper clamping rods (3) and lower clamping rods (4) are transversely and uniformly arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the single-layer floating pipe row respectively, the upper clamping rods and the lower clamping rods (3) are mutually symmetrical, two ends of the upper clamping rods and the lower clamping rods (3) which extend out of two sides of the single-layer floating pipe row are fixedly connected together through connecting clamps (5), the single-layer floating pipe row is clamped and fixedly formed into an evaporation-proof floating row, the evaporation-proof floating row which is uniformly and uniformly distributed and arranged on the water surface is arranged, and the evaporation-proof floating barrier which floats on the water surface is formed by flexibly connecting the rope into a sheet.
2. The floating raft for preventing evaporation on the water surface of plain reservoirs, flooded dams and lakes in arid regions according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the length of the floating pipe (1) is 2-15m, and the diameter of the floating pipe (1) is 50-200 mm.
3. The floating raft for preventing evaporation on the water surface of plain reservoirs, flooded dams and lakes in arid regions according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the float pipe (1) is made of polyolefin material.
4. The floating raft for preventing evaporation on the water surface of plain reservoirs, flooded dams and lakes in arid regions according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the upper and lower clamping rods (3, 4) are made of polyolefin plastic hard tubes with two closed ports or galvanized angle steel or galvanized channel steel.
5. The floating raft for preventing evaporation on the water surface of plain reservoirs, flooded dams and lakes in arid regions according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that: an anti-aging agent is added into the material of the polyolefin plastic hard pipe forming the floating pipe (1) or the upper and lower clamping rods (3, 4), the addition amount of the anti-aging agent is 2.5-3.7% of the weight of the material forming the polyolefin plastic hard pipe, the anti-aging agent consists of an ultraviolet absorbent, a light stabilizer and an antioxidant, wherein the ultraviolet absorbent is carbon black, the addition amount of the ultraviolet absorbent is 2-3% of the weight of the material forming the polyolefin plastic hard pipe, the light stabilizer is succinic acid (42 hydroxyl 22,2,6,62 tetramethyl 212 piperidylethyl) ester, the addition amount of the light stabilizer is 0.4-0.5% of the weight of the material forming the polyolefin plastic hard pipe, and the antioxidant is organic phosphite ester, the addition amount of the antioxidant is 0.1-0.2% of the weight of the material forming the polyolefin plastic hard pipe.
6. The floating raft for preventing evaporation on the water surface of plain reservoirs, flooded dams and lakes in arid regions according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that: the floating pipe (1) or the upper and lower clamping rods (3, 4) made of polyolefin material both meet the sanitation standard of wading plastic products.
7. The floating raft for preventing evaporation on the water surface of plain reservoirs, flooded dams and lakes in arid regions according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that: the colour of the floating pipe (1) or the upper and lower clamping bars (3, 4) made of polyolefin material is grayish.
8. The floating raft for preventing evaporation on the water surface of plain reservoirs, flooded dams and lakes in arid regions according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the number of the upper and lower clamping rods (3, 4) which are transversely and evenly distributed is 2-8 groups.
9. The floating raft for preventing evaporation on the water surface of plain reservoirs, flooded dams and lakes in arid regions according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the length of the upper and lower clamping rods (3, 4) is 1-12 m.
10. The floating raft for preventing evaporation on the water surface of plain reservoirs, flooded dams and lakes in arid regions according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the connecting clamp (5) is a closed tensioning hoop formed by a rope or galvanized iron wires.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111485161.0A CN114164794B (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Floating row for preventing evaporation of water surface of arid region plain reservoir, waterlogging dam and lake |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111485161.0A CN114164794B (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Floating row for preventing evaporation of water surface of arid region plain reservoir, waterlogging dam and lake |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114164794A true CN114164794A (en) | 2022-03-11 |
| CN114164794B CN114164794B (en) | 2023-06-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111485161.0A Active CN114164794B (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Floating row for preventing evaporation of water surface of arid region plain reservoir, waterlogging dam and lake |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2102560C1 (en) * | 1990-04-18 | 1998-01-20 | Владимир Федорович Раковский | Method for preventing evaporation of water from surface of basins and streams |
| US20080317551A1 (en) * | 2007-06-21 | 2008-12-25 | Phillip John Bennett | Evaporation retarding cover |
| CN101424076A (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-05-06 | 杜同 | Scheme for preventing evaporation by using floating body, increasing reservoir and lake fresh water and generating by solar |
| CN203668880U (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-06-25 | 重庆三峡学院 | Floating plate provided with solar power generation device and used for preventing evaporation in large water area |
| CN105905247B (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2018-06-05 | 新疆农业大学 | A kind of anti-arid biogeographic zone Wall in Plain Reservoir, the floating ball of flooded dam evaporation from water surface |
| CN111962452A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-20 | 国家电网有限公司 | Water evaporation inhibiting device for automatically covering water surface and method for inhibiting water evaporation |
-
2021
- 2021-12-07 CN CN202111485161.0A patent/CN114164794B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2102560C1 (en) * | 1990-04-18 | 1998-01-20 | Владимир Федорович Раковский | Method for preventing evaporation of water from surface of basins and streams |
| US20080317551A1 (en) * | 2007-06-21 | 2008-12-25 | Phillip John Bennett | Evaporation retarding cover |
| CN101424076A (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-05-06 | 杜同 | Scheme for preventing evaporation by using floating body, increasing reservoir and lake fresh water and generating by solar |
| CN203668880U (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-06-25 | 重庆三峡学院 | Floating plate provided with solar power generation device and used for preventing evaporation in large water area |
| CN105905247B (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2018-06-05 | 新疆农业大学 | A kind of anti-arid biogeographic zone Wall in Plain Reservoir, the floating ball of flooded dam evaporation from water surface |
| CN111962452A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-20 | 国家电网有限公司 | Water evaporation inhibiting device for automatically covering water surface and method for inhibiting water evaporation |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张晓浩等: "防蒸发浮板覆盖平原水库节水效率研究", 《长江科学院院报》 * |
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