CN114164426A

CN114164426A - Laser cladding workbench and laser cladding device

Info

Publication number: CN114164426A
Application number: CN202111480280.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李峰西; 邢振宏; 索海生; 高凯; 刘鹏; 崔炳军
Original assignee: Jinan Senfeng Laser Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jinan Senfeng Laser Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-06
Filing date: 2021-12-06
Publication date: 2022-03-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cladding workbench and a laser cladding device, and relates to the technical field of laser cladding. The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a laser cladding workstation, includes the support frame, and the support frame top is provided with slidable work platform, still is provided with reciprocating mechanism on the support frame, and reciprocating mechanism's removal end is connected work platform, and the plane at the reciprocating motion direction place of removal end is parallel with work platform's slip direction. The reciprocating mechanism drives the working platform to reciprocate in the cladding process, so that the cladding area is increased, the heat input during cladding is reduced, the thickness of a cladding structure of a workpiece is reduced, the performance of the workpiece is improved, and the service life of the workpiece is prolonged.

Description

Laser cladding workbench and laser cladding device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a laser cladding workbench and a laser cladding device.

Background

With the gradual development of the laser field, laser cladding is more and more concerned by people in the aspects of surface repair and modification. The high-energy laser beam irradiates the surface of the substrate to form a molten pool, and the cladding material is sent into the molten pool in a powder form, so that the purposes of modifying and repairing the surface of the workpiece are achieved, and the service life of the part is prolonged or prolonged. Laser cladding also faces some problems, for example, the laser power is too high during cladding, which causes too large heat input, and results in coarse cladding layer structure, thereby affecting the service performance of parts. Aiming at the problem of thick and thick structure of a cladding layer, the existing improvement measures comprise adding heterogeneous elements to increase nucleation points and increase the supercooling degree of the cladding layer and a substrate to accelerate the solidification speed of the cladding layer. The addition of the special-shaped elements undoubtedly increases the production cost, and simultaneously, the defects of pores, cracks and the like can be caused due to the problem of material mismatching; the supercooling degree can not be continuously increased in laser cladding, and the problem of thick structure is also faced in the long-time working process.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of overlarge laser heat input and thick cladding layer structure, the invention provides the laser cladding workbench capable of reciprocating in the cladding process and the laser cladding device with the workbench, so that the cladding area in the same time is increased, the heat input at each position is reduced, the thick cladding layer structure is avoided, and the service life of a workpiece is prolonged.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a laser cladding workstation, includes the support frame, and the support frame top is provided with slidable work platform, still is provided with reciprocating mechanism on the support frame, and reciprocating mechanism is provided with the removal end, and reciprocating mechanism's removal end is connected work platform, and reciprocating mechanism can drive work platform through removing the end and slide in a reciprocating manner. The reciprocating mechanism drives the working platform to reciprocate in the cladding process, so that the cladding area in the same time is increased, the heat input quantity of each position of the cladding layer is reduced, the thick cladding structure of the workpiece is weakened, the performance of the workpiece is improved, and the service life of the workpiece is prolonged.

Preferably, the top of the support frame is provided with a guide rail platform, the top of the guide rail platform is provided with a guide rail groove, the bottom of the working platform is provided with a guide rail, and the guide rail is matched with the guide rail groove. The sliding direction of the working platform is limited, and the stability of the working platform in the moving process is ensured.

Preferably, the middle part of the guide rail platform is provided with a through channel, the reciprocating mechanism is arranged below the working platform, and the moving end of the reciprocating mechanism penetrates through the channel of the guide rail platform to be connected with the working platform. The space is reasonably utilized, and the occupied area of the device is reduced.

Preferably, the top of the working platform is provided with a workpiece pressing plate. The clamping device is used for fixing the workpiece and pressing and fixing the workpiece on the working platform.

Preferably, a cooling loop is arranged inside the working platform, and an inlet and an outlet of the cooling loop are both connected with the circulating water tank through water pipes. The part of heat transferred to the working platform by the workpiece is taken away, so that a larger temperature gradient is kept between the workpiece and the working platform, and the cladding layer of the workpiece is cooled and solidified more quickly.

Preferably, a mounting plate is arranged below the guide rail platform, an exhaust fan is arranged on the mounting plate, and the position of the exhaust fan corresponds to the channel. The heat gathered at the bottom of the working platform is taken away, and the bottom of the working platform is further cooled.

Preferably, reciprocating mechanism includes base and pendulum rod, and the pedestal mounting is on the support frame, and the one end rotatable coupling of pendulum rod is provided with the breach on the base, and the other end of pendulum rod, removal end include the connecting block, and connecting block one end fixed connection is on work platform, and the other end sets up the lug, and the lug is located the breach, and the lug is less than the width of breach at work platform slip direction's thickness. Through the swing of the swing rod, the two sides of the notch alternately push the convex blocks in the notch, and the convex blocks drive the working platform to move in a reciprocating mode through the connecting blocks. The reciprocating mechanism can be replaced by a crank-slider mechanism, a cam mechanism, an incomplete gear mechanism and the like, and the working platform can also be driven directly by controlling equipment such as a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder or an electro-hydraulic push rod and the like.

Preferably, the reciprocating mechanism further comprises a motor, the motor is connected with the worm through a coupler, the worm is matched with the worm wheel, two sides of the worm wheel are connected with first transmission gears, the first transmission gears are meshed with second transmission gears, a circular shaft which is eccentrically arranged is arranged on the outer side of the second transmission gears, the swing rod is provided with a long hole, and the circular shaft is located in the long hole. The structure can continuously drive the swing rod to move, and the swing speed of the swing rod can be changed by adjusting the rotating speed of the motor, so that the reciprocating speed of the working platform is adjusted.

A laser cladding device comprises any one of the laser cladding working tables, and a laser cladding head is arranged above the laser cladding working table.

Preferably, the feeding direction of the laser cladding head intersects with the swinging direction of the working platform. The cladding area is increased as much as possible and is distributed uniformly.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the reciprocating mechanism is added in the cladding process, and the working platform moves along the guide rail during cladding, so that the area of a cladding area is increased, and the problem of powder feeding fluctuation caused by the swing of a cladding head is avoided. And a water cooling and exhaust fan dual heat dissipation mode is adopted, so that better heat dissipation of the cladding layer is facilitated. The cold water flows out of the circulating water tank, flows through the water pipe to cool the surface of the working platform, and the exhaust fan works to take away heat deposited on the upper part of the working platform.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure at a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure at B in fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the interior of a reciprocator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the working platform and the laser cladding head in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a top view of a lower platen in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a support frame, 2, a mounting frame, 3, a guide rail platform, 4, a working platform, 5, a workpiece pressing plate, 6, a workpiece, 7, a laser cladding head, 8, a water pipe, 9, a circulating water tank, 10, a mounting plate, 11, an exhaust fan, 12, a moving end, 13, a reciprocating mechanism, 14, a connecting block, 15, a bump, 16, a notch, 17, a swing rod, 18, a long hole, 19, a motor, 20, a worm, 21, a second transmission gear, 22, a first transmission gear, 23, a shell, 24, a guide rail groove, 25, a channel, 26, a worm wheel, 27, a base, 28, a round shaft, 401, an upper working table, 402, a lower working table, 2701, a linear pipeline, 2702 and an arc pipeline.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-6, a laser cladding device comprises a laser cladding table, the laser cladding table comprises a support frame 1, the support frame 1 is composed of vertical support legs, the support legs are connected and reinforced through supporting rods, and a rectangular mounting frame 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 1. The installation frame 2 is provided with a guide rail platform 3, the middle part of the guide rail platform 3 is provided with a channel 25 for ventilating and arranging the reciprocating mechanism 13 below, and two sides of the channel 25 are respectively provided with a guide rail groove 24. The working platform 4 is arranged above the guide rail platform 3, the working platform 4 comprises an upper working platform 401 and a lower working platform 402, two guide rails are arranged at the bottom of the lower working platform 402, the guide rails are matched with the guide rail grooves 24 and are matched with the guide rail grooves 24, and the reciprocating mechanism is driven to slide along the guide rails, so that the cladding area at the same time can be increased when cladding is carried out, and the heat input is prevented from being overlarge. The bottom surface of last work platform 401 and the bottom surface of lower work platform 402 are provided with last slot and the lower slot that can close, go up work platform 401 and lower work platform 402 and connect the back, go up slot and lower slot and form cooling circuit, cooling circuit includes a plurality of parallel arrangement's straight line pipeline 2701, straight line pipeline 2701 gets up through arc pipeline 2702 end to end connection in proper order, increase cooling area, improve the radiating efficiency, cooling circuit's entry and export are all through water pipe 8 connection circulation tank 9. The top surface of the working platform 4 is used for placing a workpiece 6, and the top surface of the working platform 4 is also provided with a workpiece pressing plate 5 for fixing the workpiece 6 on the surface of the working platform 4. A laser cladding head 7 is arranged above the working platform 4, the feeding direction of the laser cladding head 7 is intersected with the sliding direction of the working platform 4, and preferably, the feeding direction of the laser cladding head 7 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the working platform 4. The reciprocating mechanism 13 is positioned below the guide rail platform 3 and is installed on the support frame 1, the reciprocating mechanism 13 comprises a base 27 and a shell 23, the base 27 is fixedly installed on the support frame 1, a motor 19 is arranged on the base 27, an output shaft of the motor 19 is connected with a worm 20 through a coupler, the worm 20 is matched with a worm wheel 26, two sides of the worm wheel 26 are connected with a first transmission gear 22 through a shaft and a key, the first transmission gear 22 is meshed with a second transmission gear 21, a circular shaft 28 which is eccentrically arranged is arranged on the side surface of the second transmission gear 21, a swing rod 17 is further arranged on the base 27, one end of the swing rod 17 is rotatably connected with the base 27, a long strip hole 18 is arranged in the middle of the swing rod 17, the circular shaft 28 is positioned in the long strip hole 18, a notch 16 is arranged at the other end of the swing rod 17, one end of the swing rod 17, provided with the notch 16, penetrates through the shell 23 to be matched with the connecting block 14, one end of the connecting block 14 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the working platform 4, the other end of the connecting block 14 penetrates through a channel 25 in the middle of the guide rail platform 3 and is provided with a lug 15, the lug 15 is positioned in the notch 16, the thickness of the lug 15 in the sliding direction of the working platform 4 is smaller than the width of the notch 16, and the plane of the oscillating rod 17 in the reciprocating swinging direction is parallel to the reciprocating moving direction of the working platform 4. Four groups of symmetrically arranged inclined mounting plates 10 are further arranged between the guide rail platform 3 and the shell 23, each mounting plate 10 is provided with an exhaust fan 11, the position of each exhaust fan 11 corresponds to the position of the channel 25, and the blowing direction of each exhaust fan 11 penetrates through the channel 25 and faces the bottom of the working platform 4.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: a workpiece 6 is fixed on the top surface of a working platform 4 through a workpiece pressing plate 5, a motor 19 is started, the motor 19 drives a worm 20 to drive a worm wheel 26 to rotate, the worm wheel 26 drives first transmission gears 22 on two sides, the first transmission gears 22 drive second transmission gears 21, round shafts 28 of the second transmission gears 21 rotate in long holes 18 of a swing rod 17 to drive the swing rod 17 to swing in a reciprocating mode, notches 16 of moving ends 12 of the swing rod 17 drive a lug 15 to move in a reciprocating mode, meanwhile, the lug 15 drives the working platform 4 to move in a reciprocating mode along a guide rail, and a laser cladding head 7 carries out laser cladding on the surface of the workpiece 6. The circulating water tank 9 can introduce cold water or other cooling liquid into a cooling loop in the working platform 4 through the water pipe 8 to take away heat conducted by the workpiece 6 to the working platform 4, so that a large temperature gradient is kept between the working platform 4 and the workpiece 6, a cladding layer of the workpiece 6 can be solidified as soon as possible, and the cooling loop adopts a curve loop to improve the heat dissipation effect; exhaust fan 11 can blow to work platform 4 bottom, takes away the heat of work platform 4 bottom gathering, further dispels the heat.

It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on," connected to, "or" coupled to "another element or layer, it can be directly on, connected or coupled to the other element or layer, and intervening elements or layers may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers present. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Spatially relative terms such as "under …", "below", "lower", "above", "over", and the like, as may be used herein for ease of description, describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the description in this document. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, as well as in the drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

Although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the drawings in connection with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The laser cladding workbench is characterized by comprising a support frame (1), wherein the top of the support frame (1) is provided with a slidable working platform (4), the support frame (1) is further provided with a reciprocating mechanism (13), the reciprocating mechanism (13) is provided with a moving end (12), the moving end (12) of the reciprocating mechanism (13) is connected with the working platform (4), and the reciprocating mechanism (13) can drive the working platform (4) to slide in a reciprocating mode through the moving end (12).

2. Laser cladding workbench according to claim 1, wherein a guide rail platform (3) is arranged on top of the support frame (1), a guide rail groove (24) is arranged on top of the guide rail platform (3), a guide rail is arranged on bottom of the work platform (4), and the guide rail is adapted to the guide rail groove (24).

3. Laser cladding worktable according to claim 2, wherein the middle of the rail platform (3) is provided with a through channel (25), the reciprocating mechanism (13) is arranged below the worktable (4), and the moving end (12) of the reciprocating mechanism (13) passes through the channel (25) of the rail platform (3) to be connected with the worktable (4).

4. Laser cladding station according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that a workpiece pressing plate (5) is arranged on top of the working platform (4).

5. Laser cladding worktable according to claim 4, wherein a cooling circuit is arranged inside the worktable (4), and the inlet and the outlet of the cooling circuit are connected with the circulating water tank (9) through water pipes (8).

6. Laser cladding worktable according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a mounting plate (10) is arranged below the guide rail platform (3), an exhaust fan (11) is arranged on the mounting plate (10), and the position of the exhaust fan (11) corresponds to the channel (25).

7. Laser cladding worktable according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the reciprocating mechanism (13) comprises a base (27) and a swing rod (17), the base (27) is mounted on the supporting frame (1), one end of the swing rod (17) is rotatably connected to the base (27), the other end of the swing rod (17) is provided with a notch (16), the moving end (12) comprises a connecting block (14), one end of the connecting block (14) is fixedly connected to the worktable (4), the other end of the connecting block is provided with a bump (15), the bump (15) is positioned in the notch (16), and the thickness of the bump (15) in the sliding direction of the worktable (4) is smaller than the width of the notch (16).

8. The laser cladding workbench according to claim 7, wherein the reciprocating mechanism (13) further comprises a motor (19), the motor (19) is connected with a worm (20) through a coupling, the worm (20) is matched with a worm wheel (26), two sides of the worm wheel (26) are connected with first transmission gears (22), the first transmission gears (22) are meshed with second transmission gears (21), a circular shaft (28) which is eccentrically arranged is arranged on the outer side of the second transmission gears (21), the swing rod (17) is provided with a long hole (18), and the circular shaft (28) is located in the long hole (18).

9. A laser cladding apparatus, comprising the laser cladding table according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a laser cladding head (7) is arranged above the laser cladding table.

10. Laser cladding apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the feeding direction of the laser cladding head (7) intersects the oscillating direction of the work platform (4).