CN114162877A - Method for preparing cobaltosic oxide by using lithium cobaltate positive electrode material - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium battery materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing cobaltosic oxide by using a lithium cobaltate positive electrode material. Mixing a lithium cobaltate positive electrode material and an organic acid solution, and carrying out a complex reaction to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor; calcining the cobaltosic oxide precursor to obtain the cobaltosic oxide; the organic acid solution comprises a dicarboxylic acid solution; the concentration of the organic acid solution is 0.1-1.0 mol/L. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process flow, no secondary pollution in the process, safety and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium battery materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing cobaltosic oxide by using a lithium cobaltate positive electrode material.
Background
The lithium ion battery mainly comprises a shell and a positive electrode (the positive electrode active material is coated on an aluminum foil current collector through a binder)Body composition), negative electrode (composed of negative electrode active material coated on copper foil fluid through binder), electrolyte and diaphragm. The positive active material is selected from compounds with high electrochemical potential and capable of reversibly releasing and inserting lithium ions, such as LiCoO with layered structure2Or LiFePO of olivine structure4(ii) a The positive active material generally contains more precious metals, and if the positive active material is directly discarded into the environment, the positive active material causes environmental pollution and harms human health.
In China, cobalt belongs to a scarce strategic resource, and is often imported to meet social needs. The natural cobalt has less resources, is mainly existed in the ore with other metals in the form of paragenetic ore, and the content of the natural cobalt only accounts for 0.01-0.2% of the content of the metals in the ore. The cobalt content in the waste lithium battery is far higher than that in natural ore, and taking a cobalt acid lithium battery as an example, the cobalt content in the lithium cobalt acid cathode material reaches 15-20%. Therefore, the method has considerable environmental, economic and social benefits for recycling and reusing the cobalt element in the failed positive active material of the waste lithium battery.
In the prior art, cobalt element in the anode active material of the waste lithium ion battery is mainly leached by using inorganic acid, so that the cobalt element is converted into an ionic state, and then the cobalt oxalate is generated by adding oxalic acid. Chinese patents CN101723472A and CN111875262A disclose that inorganic acid is used to leach cobalt element from the positive active material of waste lithium ion batteries, and then cobalt ions are further converted into cobaltosic oxide by adjusting pH, adding dispersant, precipitant, and high temperature calcination. The adopted inorganic acid is strong corrosive reagents such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid or hydrochloric acid, and the like, and reagents such as a pH regulator, a dispersing agent, a precipitating agent and the like are introduced, so that a large amount of inorganic acid waste liquid is easily generated, secondary pollution is caused, the cost of waste liquid treatment is high, and the process flow is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing cobaltosic oxide by using a lithium cobaltate positive electrode material, which does not generate a large amount of inorganic acid waste liquid, is green and environment-friendly and has a simple process flow.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for preparing cobaltosic oxide by using a lithium cobaltate positive electrode material, which comprises the following steps of:
mixing a lithium cobaltate positive electrode material and an organic acid solution, and performing a complex reaction to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor;
calcining the cobaltosic oxide precursor to obtain the cobaltosic oxide;
the organic acid solution comprises a dicarboxylic acid solution;
the concentration of the organic acid solution is 0.1-1.0 mol/L.
Preferably, the organic acid solution comprises one or more of ascorbic acid, aspartic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, oxaloacetic acid and succinic acid.
Preferably, the using ratio of the lithium cobaltate positive electrode material to the organic acid solution is 5-100 g: 1L of the compound.
Preferably, the mixing is carried out under stirring;
the stirring temperature is 25-90 ℃, the rotating speed is 100-400 rpm, and the time is 6-10 h.
Preferably, the mixed raw materials further comprise a soluble organic acid salt.
Preferably, the soluble organic acid salt comprises one or more of aluminum acetate, magnesium acetate, zirconium acetate, calcium acetate, strontium acetate and niobium acetate.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the organic acid salt to the lithium cobaltate positive electrode material is 1: 40 to 200.
Preferably, the calcination is carried out in an atmosphere of air.
Preferably, the calcining temperature is 200-900 ℃, and the time is 2-6 h.
The invention provides a method for preparing cobaltosic oxide by using a lithium cobaltate positive electrode material, which comprises the following steps of: mixing a lithium cobaltate positive electrode material and an organic acid solution, and performing a complex reaction to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor; calcining the cobaltosic oxide precursor to obtain the cobaltosic oxide; the organic acid solution comprises a dicarboxylic acid solution; the concentration of the organic acid solution is 0.1-1.0 mol/L. According to the invention, dicarboxylic acid and lithium cobaltate cathode materials are mixed, under a limited concentration, carboxyl on the dicarboxylic acid and cobalt form a Co (II) coordination compound and a Co (III) coordination compound, and cobaltosic oxide is obtained by a calcining mode. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process flow, no secondary pollution in the process, safety and environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a tricobalt tetroxide precursor obtained in example 4;
FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of cobaltosic oxide obtained in example 4;
fig. 3 is an XRD pattern of the cobaltosic oxide obtained in example 4.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for preparing cobaltosic oxide by using a lithium cobaltate positive electrode material, which comprises the following steps of:
mixing a lithium cobaltate positive electrode material and an organic acid solution, and performing a complex reaction to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor;
calcining the cobaltosic oxide precursor to obtain the cobaltosic oxide;
the organic acid solution comprises a dicarboxylic acid solution;
the concentration of the organic acid solution is 0.1-1.0 mol/L.
In the present invention, all the starting materials for the preparation are commercially available products known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.
According to the invention, a lithium cobaltate positive electrode material and an organic acid solution are mixed and then subjected to a complex reaction to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor.
In the present invention, the organic acid includes dicarboxylic acids; the dicarboxylic acid is further preferably one or more of aspartic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, oxaloacetic acid and succinic acid; when the dicarboxylic acids are two or more selected from the above specific choices, the present invention does not require a specific ratio of the specific substances, as long as the concentration of the organic acid can be ensured. In the present invention, the concentration of the organic acid is 0.1 to 1.0mol/L, more preferably 0.2 to 0.9mol/L, and still more preferably 0.3 to 0.8 mol/L.
In the present invention, the lithium cobaltate positive electrode material includes a pure lithium cobaltate positive electrode material and/or a recovered lithium cobaltate positive electrode material.
In the present invention, the recovered lithium cobaltate positive electrode material is preferably prepared by a preparation method, which preferably includes the steps of:
and mixing the waste lithium cobaltate positive plate and N-methyl pyrrolidone, filtering, and calcining a product obtained by filtering to obtain the recovered lithium cobaltate positive material.
In the invention, the using amount ratio of the waste lithium cobaltate positive plate to the N-methyl pyrrolidone is preferably 60-500 g: 1L, more preferably 70 to 490 g: 1L, more preferably 80-480 g: 1L of the compound. The mixing and filtering process is not particularly limited in the present invention, and those well known to those skilled in the art can be used. In the invention, the anode material can be separated from the current collector by mixing the waste lithium cobaltate anode plate and the N-methyl pyrrolidone.
In the invention, the calcination temperature is preferably 450-750 ℃, more preferably 500-700 ℃, and more preferably 550-650 ℃; the time is preferably 2 to 8 hours, more preferably 3 to 7 hours, and even more preferably 4 to 6 hours. In the present invention, the calcination is preferably carried out in an air atmosphere.
In the present invention, the mixed raw materials further include a soluble organic acid salt. In the invention, the soluble organic acid salt preferably comprises one or more of aluminum acetate, magnesium acetate, zirconium acetate, calcium acetate, strontium acetate and niobium acetate; when the soluble organic acid salt is two or more of the above specific choices, the present invention does not specifically limit the proportion of the specific substance, and the specific substance may be mixed in any proportion.
In the invention, the using amount ratio of the lithium cobaltate positive electrode material to the organic acid is preferably 5-100 g: 1L, more preferably 10 to 95 g: 1L, more preferably 15-90 g: 1L of the compound.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the organic acid salt to the lithium cobaltate positive electrode material is 1: 40-200, and more preferably 1: 50-190, more preferably 1: 60-180.
In the present invention, when the mixed raw material includes an organic acid salt, the obtained cobaltosic oxide is preferably element-doped cobaltosic oxide; the doped element is preferably one or more of aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, calcium, strontium and niobium.
In the present invention, the mixing is preferably performed under stirring. In the invention, the rotation speed of the stirring is preferably 100-400 rpm, more preferably 150-350 rpm, and more preferably 200-300 rpm; the time is preferably 6 to 10 hours, more preferably 6.5 to 9.5 hours, and even more preferably 7 to 9 hours; the temperature is preferably 25 to 90 ℃, more preferably 30 to 85 ℃, and more preferably 35 to 80 ℃.
After the completion of the complexing reaction, the present invention preferably further comprises filtering the reaction product. In the present invention, the filtration is preferably vacuum filtration. The vacuum filtration process is not particularly limited in the present invention, and those familiar to those skilled in the art can be used.
In the present invention, the cobaltosic oxide precursor is preferably a purple solid.
After the cobaltosic oxide precursor is obtained, the cobaltosic oxide precursor is calcined to obtain the cobaltosic oxide.
In the invention, the calcination temperature is preferably 200-900 ℃, more preferably 250-850 ℃, and more preferably 300-800 ℃; the time is preferably 2 to 6 hours, more preferably 2.5 to 5.5 hours, and still more preferably 3 to 5 hours. In the present invention, the calcination is preferably carried out in an air atmosphere. In the present invention, the calcination is preferably carried out in a muffle furnace.
In the present invention, the cobaltosic oxide is preferably a black solid powder. In the present invention, the purity of the cobaltosic oxide is preferably > 98%.
According to the invention, the cobalt in the lithium cobaltate positive electrode material is leached in a complexing mode by using dicarboxylic acid, and the organic acid salt is added in the complexing process, so that metal ions in the organic acid salt are doped into crystal lattices of the cobaltosic oxide in the calcining process of the obtained cobaltosic oxide precursor, the crystal structure of the cobaltosic oxide is more stable, the impure phase cannot be generated in the calcining process, and the obtained cobaltosic oxide has high pure phase degree.
The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process flow and less equipment investment, and is suitable for industrial production.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following describes in detail a method for preparing cobaltosic oxide by using lithium cobaltate cathode material according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Taking 10g of pure lithium cobaltate anode material and 500mL of oxalic acid with the molar concentration of 0.8mol/L, and stirring for 8 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the stirring speed of 100 rpm; then carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor;
and putting the cobaltosic oxide precursor into a muffle furnace, and calcining for 2h at 400 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain black cobaltosic oxide.
Example 2
Mixing 100g of waste lithium cobaltate positive plate and 1000ml of LN-methyl pyrrolidone, and filtering to obtain a filtered product, calcining the filtered product for 5 hours at 700 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain a recovered lithium cobaltate positive material;
stirring 10g of recovered lithium cobaltate cathode material and 500mL of tartaric acid with the molar concentration of 0.8mol/L for 8 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the stirring speed of 100 rpm; then carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor;
and putting the cobaltosic oxide precursor into a muffle furnace, and calcining for 2h at 400 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain black cobaltosic oxide.
Example 3
Taking 10g of pure lithium cobaltate cathode material, 500mL of malic acid with the molar concentration of 0.8mol/L and 0.1g of magnesium acetate, and stirring for 8 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the stirring speed of 100 rpm; then carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor;
and putting the cobaltosic oxide precursor into a muffle furnace, and calcining for 2h at 400 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain black cobaltosic oxide.
Example 4
Mixing 200g of waste lithium cobaltate positive plate and 2500 mLN-methyl pyrrolidone, and filtering to obtain a filtered product, calcining the filtered product for 5 hours at 700 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain a recovered lithium cobaltate positive material;
stirring 10g of recovered lithium cobaltate cathode material, 500mL of oxalic acid with the molar concentration of 0.8mol/L and 0.1g of magnesium acetate for 8h at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the stirring speed of 100 rpm; then carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor, wherein the physical diagram of the cobaltosic oxide precursor is shown in figure 1;
and putting the cobaltosic oxide precursor into a muffle furnace, and calcining for 2h at 400 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain black cobaltosic oxide.
Example 5
Mixing 500g of waste lithium cobaltate positive plate and 3000ml of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and filtering to obtain a filtered product, and calcining the filtered product for 5 hours at 700 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain a recovered lithium cobaltate positive material;
taking 20g of recycled lithium cobaltate cathode material, 1000mL of oxalic acid with the molar concentration of 0.4mol/L and 0.1g of aluminum acetate, and stirring for 4 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the stirring speed of 300 rpm; then carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor;
and putting the cobaltosic oxide precursor into a muffle furnace, and calcining for 2h at 400 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain black cobaltosic oxide.
Example 6
Mixing 200g of waste lithium cobaltate positive plate and 1500ml of N-methyl pyrrolidone, and filtering to obtain a filtered product, and calcining the filtered product for 5 hours at 700 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain a recovered lithium cobaltate positive material;
taking 5g of recycled lithium cobaltate cathode material, 200mL of tartaric acid with the molar concentration of 0.4mol/L and 0.125g of aluminum acetate, and stirring for 8h at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the stirring speed of 300 rpm; then carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor;
and putting the cobaltosic oxide precursor into a muffle furnace, and calcining for 2.5h at 350 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain black cobaltosic oxide.
Performance testing
Test example 1
Scanning electron microscope tests are carried out on the cobaltosic oxide obtained in example 4, an SEM image is shown in FIG. 2, and the prepared cobaltosic oxide is observed to be a sheet structure with a smooth surface from FIG. 2.
Test example 2
XRD test was performed on the cobaltosic oxide obtained in example 4, and the XRD pattern is shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen from fig. 3 that the prepared cobaltosic oxide is highly pure cobaltosic oxide.
Although the above embodiments have been described in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and all of the embodiments belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing cobaltosic oxide by using a lithium cobaltate positive electrode material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
mixing a lithium cobaltate positive electrode material and an organic acid solution, and performing a complex reaction to obtain a cobaltosic oxide precursor;
calcining the cobaltosic oxide precursor to obtain the cobaltosic oxide;
the organic acid solution comprises a dicarboxylic acid solution;
the concentration of the organic acid solution is 0.1-1.0 mol/L.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic acid solution comprises one or more of aspartic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, oxaloacetic acid, and succinic acid.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the lithium cobaltate positive electrode material to the organic acid solution is 5-100 g: 1L of the compound.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixing is performed under agitation;
the stirring temperature is 25-90 ℃, the rotating speed is 100-400 rpm, and the time is 6-10 h.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mixed raw material further comprises a soluble organic acid salt.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the soluble organic acid salt comprises one or more of aluminum acetate, magnesium acetate, zirconium acetate, calcium acetate, strontium acetate, and niobium acetate.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the organic acid salt to the lithium cobaltate positive electrode material is 1: 40 to 200.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the calcining is carried out in an atmosphere of air.
9. The method of claim 1 or 8, wherein the calcining is carried out at a temperature of 200 to 900 ℃ for 2 to 6 hours.
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Cited By (3)
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CN114702084A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-07-05 | 北京理工大学深圳汽车研究院(电动车辆国家工程实验室深圳研究院) | Method for recovering cobalt in waste lithium cobaltate positive electrode material |
CN115196689A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-10-18 | 武汉旭清工程技术有限公司 | Compound solvent for producing cobaltosic oxide from cobalt-containing positive electrode material of waste lithium battery and using method |
CN115745015A (en) * | 2023-01-07 | 2023-03-07 | 山东泰和科技股份有限公司 | Magnetic nanoscale Co 3 O 4 Material, preparation method and application thereof |
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CN115745015A (en) * | 2023-01-07 | 2023-03-07 | 山东泰和科技股份有限公司 | Magnetic nanoscale Co 3 O 4 Material, preparation method and application thereof |
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