CN1141598C - Method and device for measuring saturated magnetization - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and equipment for measuring saturation magnetization. The method of the present invention belongs to a pulse induction method, a capacitor of a pulse device is discontinuously charged by the control of a computer, and the capacitor discharges to a field coil of a measuring device by a static thyristor to generate an instantaneous strong magnetic field in the coil; meanwhile, an induction electromotive force signal is generated in the induction coil between a measured object and the field coil in the strong magnetic field; after the signal is amplified, the signal is input into the computer to be processed, and then, the signal is converted into a magnetization value. The equipment which adopts the measuring method is composed of the computer, the pulse device, the measuring device, a collecting device, a software package and a display device. The present invention can be used for measuring the saturation magnetization of large products with the diameter of 50 millimeters and the weight of more than 6 kilograms.

Description

The measuring saturated magnetization method and apparatus

One, technical field:

The present invention relates to measure the method and apparatus of the magnetization, particularly relate to the method and apparatus of the saturation magnetization of measuring big goods.

Two, background technology:

Saturation magnetization is a physical property value of reflection magnetic material variation of magnetic force.At present, measure the instrument of saturation magnetization and generally make according to following two kinds of principle design: a kind of is to adopt permanent magnet to measure, just the pull method.It is at permanent magnet two a magnetic poles difference coil of coiling (Fig. 4), when static, do not produce electromotive force in the coil, when testee skims between two magnetic poles, owing to cut the magnetic line of force, produce induction electromotive force e at the coil two ends, and then this e value is converted into the saturation magnetization of testee.Another kind method is to adopt electromagnet to measure, inductive method (Fig. 5) just, it is magnetizing coil 2 of coiling on iron core magnetic post 1 and adjustable yoke 5, testee 3 is placed between two magnetic poles, and on testee 3 compensating coil 4 of coiling.But adjustable yoke 5 move left and right are to control the gap length between two magnetic poles.Within a certain period of time, the variation of induction electromotive force in the metrophia compensation coil then can calculate the saturation magnetization of testee.Preceding kind method is owing to adopt magnet structure, and volume is big, and weight reaches hundreds of kilograms, the cost height, and also high-intensity magnetic field has damaging effect to human body.Back kind method consumed power is big, and measuring speed is slow, needs manual intervention during operation, and it is discontinuous to work, and precision is relatively poor.Simultaneously owing to restricted by factors such as material and technical conditions, the maximum magnetic field strength of magnet is 1074296.25 peace [training] every meter (A/m) [13500 oersteds (Oe)] at present, and magnetic field intensity increases with magnetic gap and reduces, when measuring big goods, can subtract excessive because of the magnetic field intensity sorrow, can't magnetize goods, not reach measurement requirement.So the size of commercially available measuring saturated magnetization instrument specimen is generally Φ 10 * 20mm before month, maximum weight also is restricted (see that France produces Sigmameter D6025, the U.S. produces MS8100, homemade CC3, the product description of models such as CL6).

Two, summary of the invention:

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of goods of measuring all size, particularly big goods, and also volume is little, and energy consumption is low, and is easy and simple to handle, the measuring saturated magnetization method and apparatus that accuracy of detection is high.

For achieving the above object, what the present invention adopted is the pulse induction method, it is to be interrupted charging by Industrial Computer Control to the industrial electro container of pulser, then with the field coil of the high electric current input measurement of the controlled DC pulse device of the industrial electro condenser discharge of pulser output, in field coil, produce discontinuous instantaneous high-intensity magnetic field, testee places this high-intensity magnetic field, collection is around the induced electromotive force signal of testee and the generation of the inductive coil two ends between testee and field coil, this signal is amplified back input industrial computer to be handled, draw the magnetization of testee, during measurement, at first according to the many Gear Select Switch gear on the testee size adjustment industrial computer, the data processing software bag is determined the initial charge time to the pulser charging, subsequently, adjust the duration of charging length of pulser automatically, control the pulse current size of its discharge output by industrial computer, carry out continuous coverage, can measure the saturation magnetization of testee.

The equipment that pulse induction method of the present invention is measured saturation magnetization comprises: contain the A/D chip that is connected with CPU, the PI0 chip that is connected with CPU as interface circuit, the industrial computer of the control apparatus that is connected with the PI0 chip, the signal that the pilot relay that acceptance is moved by cpu instruction sends is to the direct supply of the industrial electro condenser charge of pulser, accept the induced electromotive force signal of inductive coil in the measurement mechanism, and the harvester of the A/D chip of industrial computer will be imported after the signal amplification, the digital signal that acceptance is sent after the A/D chip transforms, and handle the back to the data processing software bag of display device output magnetization value and the display device of measured magnetization value.Pulser is formed in parallel by the industrial electro container with controllable silicon that the field coil of measurement mechanism is in series.Measurement mechanism is one to be installed in the square casing on the support, have a circular hole on the end face of square casing, overall diameter is slightly less than field coil and inductive coil being coated on inner round plastic sleeve and can moving by easy on and off of circular hole in this circular hole, this round plastic jacket casing is slightly less than its interior diameter at diameter, and be fixed on circular stage outside on the box bottom, a bow is fixed at the two ends, middle footpath of round plastic lower cartridge, the bow other end is provided with counterbalance weight, two forks arms at its middle part are fixed on the two ends of worm speed reducer turboshaft with clamping plate, be connected the motor drives turbine rotation of scroll bar one end of worm speed reducer, the round plastic sleeve is moved along the objective table easy on and off, inductive coil is close to the round plastic sleeve lining and is twined, the naked one deck insulating material of bag on the inductive coil, field coil is close to insulating material and is twined, and is close to round plastic sleeve outer wall medial surface.Gear Select Switch more than one is set on the panel of industrial computer, according to the testee size, select the initial charge time of different industrial electro condenser charges to pulser, when preventing to measure the minor diameter testee, cause field decay and influence measuring accuracy.

The invention has the advantages that the pulse induction method that adopts, realized transient pulse discharge under the high voltage, can form the above instantaneous high-intensity magnetic field of 1989437.5A/m (25000Oe), overcome pull method and inductive method and adopted ferromagnetic material, restricted by the magnet maximum magnetic field strength, can't measure the defective of the big goods magnetization.Because testee and coil close-coupled, the magnetic field intensity decay is little, energy loss is few, and therefore, the measuring equipment volume is little, energy consumption is low, but more than measurement volumes Φ 80 * 140mm, the big goods that weight 6kg is above are as long as change the diameter of round plastic sleeve, adopt the industrial electro container and the controllable silicon that are fit to, the big goods that volume is bigger also can be measured.And because whole measuring process realizes computer controlled automatic, and easy and simple to handle, measuring rate can reach more than 4 times/minute, and measurement stability is good, the precision height has improved work efficiency greatly.

Four, description of drawings:

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the present device theory diagram.

Fig. 2 cuts open synoptic diagram for measurement mechanism of the present invention office.

Fig. 3 is a measurement mechanism vertical view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is permanent magnet measuring method (pull method) synoptic diagram.

Fig. 5 is electromagnet measuring method (inductive method) synoptic diagram.

Five, embodiment:

The measuring equipment principle that pulse induction method of the present invention adopts and annexation such as the Fig. 1 between the each several part.Mainly be provided with CPU, A/D chip 9, PI0 chip (interface circuit) 8 and pilot relay 7 in the industrial computer (industrial computer) 6, Gear Select Switch more than also is set on its panel.Size according to testee 31, the size in gap between testee 31 and the round plastic sleeve 17 is just determined the gear of selector switch, determines the duration of charging length by software package 19, with compensate for clearance when big slightly, the decay of the magnetic field intensity of pulsed magnetic field is also sent to the A/D chip with instruction.The A/D chip will instruct the CPU by industrial computer to pass to the PI0 chip in the duration of charging, pass to pilot relay 7 again, after pilot relay 7 is accepted instruction, connect industrial electro container 11 chargings of direct supply 21 in pulser 10.After charging is finished, on industrial electro container 11, produced a high voltage that is added in field coil 14 two ends.Then, by the instruction that industrial computer 6 provides, industrial electro container 11 sends a pulse heavy current, thereby form an instantaneous high-intensity magnetic field in round plastic sleeve 17 by field coil 14 discharges of controllable silicon 12 in measurement mechanism 13.Duration of charging is long more, and the magnitude of voltage of capacitor is high more, and the pulse current of discharge is also just big more, and the magnetic field that produces in field coil is also just strong more.Because the duration of charging is computer control, therefore, can produce high-precision pulse current and magnetic field.During the capacitor discharge, in the round plastic sleeve, and induction electromotive force of the two ends of the inductive coil 16 between testee 31 and field coil 14 generation, the size of induced potential has just reflected the magnetization power of testee 31.This induced electromotive force signal is gathered by harvester 18, and imports the A/D chip after it amplifies.After the induced electromotive force signal after the reception of A/D chip is amplified, this conversion of signals is become digital quantity, and import data processing equipment (software package) 19 and carry out data processing, after software package 19 converts this digital quantity to magnetization numerical value, input and display device 20 is shown to the operator intuitively.More than after charging one discharge one data acquisition process one shows that circulation is finished, computing machine is adjusted the duration of charging automatically, and entering second circulation, the magnetization value stabilization that shows until display device does not change, and promptly obtains the saturation magnetization of the testee of known weight.To certain material, and through claiming the testee of substance, such as cemented carbides big product, the saturation magnetization value of the standard sample of the saturation magnetization value measured and known weight compared (data of weighing are all imported computing machine, contrast is also finished by computing machine), also can measure the cobalt amount that contains of testee (big goods), thereby provide a kind of new method for the Non-Destructive Testing of cemented carbides big product quality.

The pulser 10 of measuring equipment of the present invention is made up of the industrial electro container 11 and the controllable silicon 12 of parallel connection, and they are installed in the casing, and the field coil 14 of measurement mechanism 13 is connected on the branch road of controllable silicon 12.Measurement mechanism 13 is by the square casing 23 that is installed on the support 30, field coil 14 and inductive coil 16 are coated on inner round plastic sleeve 17, be fixed on the circular stage 22 on casing 23 base plates, one end is fixed on two lateral surfaces of round plastic sleeve 17 bottoms, the other end is provided with the bow 25 of counterbalance weight 28, the turboshaft two ends use respectively connecting cleat 27 affixed the worm speed reducer 26 of bow 25 middle parts two forks arms, and the motor 29 that drives the forward and reverse rotation of turbine is formed.Have a circular hole 24 on the roof box, the diameter of circular hole is a bit larger tham the external diameter of round plastic sleeve 17, and the external diameter of circular stage 22 is slightly less than the internal diameter of round plastic sleeve 17.Like this, when starting the motor be connected with scroll bar turbine drive bow 25 is swung up and down, round plastic sleeve 17 easy on and off between objective table 22 and circular hole 24 is moved.Before the test, round plastic sleeve 17 is moved down, the testee 31 that the utmost point will weigh up weight easily is put on the objective table 22, then, to move on the round plastic sleeve 17, be in fully in the magnetic field of field coil 14 generations until whole testee 31, it is extremely convenient to operate.Simultaneously,, can design and produce the different round plastic sleeve of diameter, reach the tight Qi of structure, testee and coil close-coupled, the effect that the magnetic field intensity decay is little the testee that diameter differs greatly.The inwall that inductive coil 16 is close to round plastic sleeve 17 twines, the naked one deck insulating material 15 of bag on the inductive coil 16, field coil 14 is wrapped on the insulating material 15, and be close to the inwall of round plastic sleeve 17, two forks arms of bow front end are fixed in respectively on the lateral surface at two ends, footpath in round plastic sleeve 17 bottoms.

Embodiments of the invention are as follows.

Embodiment 1, and the A/D chip adopts 12 high speed acquisition chips, and the industrial electro container is two 10000 μ F/400V electrolytic condenser series connection, and controllable silicon is a 2KV/2KA industry controllable silicon.Testee is Φ Φ 50 * 60mm wimet right cylinder (trade mark YG8, weight 1470 grams), and the controlling impulse voltage value is 450V/DC.Recording saturation magnetization is 0.2020 spy [Si La] (2020 Gauss), and corresponding induction electromotive force is 6874mV, with the contrast of standard specimen value, learns in this alloy to contain Co7.22% again.

Embodiment 2, select the A/D chip for use, the industrial electro container, and controllable silicon is with embodiment 1.Testee is the wimet right cylinder (trade mark YG11 of Φ 50 * 60mm, weight 1415 grams), the controlling impulse voltage value is 450V/DC, and recording saturation magnetization is 0.2950 spy (2950 Gauss), corresponding induction electromotive force is 7460mV, learns in this alloy to contain Co10.53%.

Embodiment 3, select the A/D chip for use, and industrial electro container controllable silicon is with embodiment 1.Testee is that (trade mark is YG8 for the wimet cubic apparatus top hammer of Φ 80 * 70mm, weight is 4377 grams), the controlling impulse voltage value is 350V/DC, record saturation magnetization 0.2225 spy (2225 Gauss), corresponding induction electromotive force is 3540mV, with the standard specimen contrast, learn in this alloy to contain Co7.5% again.

Embodiment 4, select the A/D chip for use, and industrial electro container, controllable silicon are with embodiment 1, and testee is Φ 80 * 70mm wimet cubic apparatus top hammer (trade mark is YG8, and weight is 4196 grams).The controlling impulse voltage value is 350V/DC, and recording saturation magnetization is 0.183 spy (1830 Gauss), and corresponding induction electromotive force is 2788mV, with the standard specimen contrast, learns in this alloy to contain Co6.18% again.

Embodiment 5, select the A/D chip for use, industrial electro container, controllable silicon are with embodiment 1, and testee is that (trade mark is YG6 to top, top, Φ 80 wimet two sides hammer, weight is 5019 grams), the controlling impulse voltage value is 350V/DC, and recording saturation magnetization is 0.1703 spy (1703 Gauss), and corresponding induction electromotive force is 3101mV, with the standard specimen contrast, learn in this alloy to contain Co5.71% again.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of pulse induction method of measuring saturation magnetization, it is characterized in that by Industrial Computer Control after the industrial electro container of pulser is interrupted charging, field coil with the high electric current input measurement of the controlled high precision DC pulse device of the industrial electro condenser discharge of pulser output, in field coil, produce discontinuous instantaneous high-intensity magnetic field, testee places this high-intensity magnetic field, collection is around testee, and the induced electromotive force signal of the generation of the inductive coil two ends between testee and field coil, this signal is amplified back input industrial computer to be handled, draw the magnetization of testee, during measurement, at first according to the many Gear Select Switch gear on the testee size adjustment industrial computer, the data processing software bag is determined the initial charge time to the pulser charging, subsequently, automatically adjust to the each duration of charging length of pulser by industrial computer, control the pulse current size of its output, carry out continuous coverage, finally measure the saturation magnetization of testee.

2, the used equipment of pulse induction method of the described measurement saturation magnetization of claim 1, it comprises: contain the A/D chip [9] that is connected with CPU, the P10 chip [8] that is connected with CPU as interface circuit, the industrial computer [6] of the pilot relay [7] that is connected with the PIO chip, the signal that the pilot relay that acceptance is moved by cpu instruction [7] sends is to the direct supply [21] of industrial electro container [11] charging of pulser [10], accept the induced electromotive force signal of inductive coil [16] in the measurement mechanism [13], and the harvester [18] of the A/D chip [9] of industrial computer [6] will be imported after the signal amplification, the digital signal that acceptance is sent after the A/D chip transforms is also handled the back to the data processing software bag [19] of display device output magnetization value and the display device [20] of measured magnetization value, it is characterized in that pulser is formed in parallel by industrial electro container [11] with controllable silicon [12] that the field coil [14] of measurement mechanism [18] is in series, measurement mechanism is by the square box [23] that has a circular hole [24] on the end face that is installed on the support [30], what external diameter was slightly less than circular hole [24] is coated on field coil [14] and inductive coil [16] inner round plastic sleeve [17], the base plate top external diameter that is fixed on casing [23] is slightly less than round plastic sleeve [17] internal diameter and is positioned at the circular stage [22] of round plastic sleeve [17], two forks arms of forked end are fixed on the bow [25] that the other end on two lateral surfaces of round plastic sleeve [17] bottom is provided with counterbalance weight [28], the two ends of turboshaft use clamping plate [27] fixing the worm speed reducer [26] of two forks arms of bow [25] respectively and the motor [29] that drives the turbine rotation is formed, the inwall that inductive coil [16] is close to round plastic sleeve [17] twines, inductive coil [16] is gone up bag naked one deck insulating material [15], field coil [14] is close to insulating material [15] and is twined, and be close to round plastic sleeve [17] outer wall the inboard and, many Gear Select Switch of initial charge time of industrial electro container [11] charging of an optional directed pulser [10] are set on the panel of industrial computer [6].

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