CN114157389B - UDWDM passive optical network system based on EML and optical transmission method - Google Patents

UDWDM passive optical network system based on EML and optical transmission method Download PDF

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CN114157389B
CN114157389B CN202111299639.0A CN202111299639A CN114157389B CN 114157389 B CN114157389 B CN 114157389B CN 202111299639 A CN202111299639 A CN 202111299639A CN 114157389 B CN114157389 B CN 114157389B
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CN114157389A (en
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楚广勇
陈芯蕊
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Jiangnan University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0227Operation, administration, maintenance or provisioning [OAMP] of WDM networks, e.g. media access, routing or wavelength allocation

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network system, and belongs to the technical field of optical fiber communication. The system comprises: the optical line terminal OLT, the optical distribution network ODN and the optical network unit ONU; the optical network unit ONU realizes a lambda-to-the-user scheme. The invention utilizes the homodyne coherent balance detection technology, improves the sensitivity of the optical receiver, greatly improves the output signal-to-noise ratio of the optical network, and optimizes the flexibility and the transmission performance of the optical network; the EML with low power consumption and large bandwidth is used as a transmitter in the ONU, so that the cost of a user end in an optical communication network is reduced, and the ONU is very suitable for high-requirement optical access network transmission; the ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network system has the advantages of simple design, good stability, low cost and easy large-scale implementation, and provides an integrated scheme with high speed and large-scale deployment for future user terminals.

Description

UDWDM passive optical network system based on EML and optical transmission method
Technical Field
The invention relates to an UDWDM passive optical network system based on EML and an optical transmission method, belonging to the technical field of optical fiber communication.
Background
With the increasing demand for data, a large capacity ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing (UDWDM) Passive Optical Network (PON) is rapidly developing.
The UDWDM-PON is a point-to-point multi-channel transmission system, and each user shares one pair of wavelengths independently, so that the system is not limited in time domain, and high-speed information transmission of a single user can be realized while the number of the users is increased in a large scale. The system generally comprises an optical network terminal OLT, an optical distribution network ODN and a plurality of optical network units ONU with adjacent channel spacing less than or equal to 25GHz. The OLT can represent an operator, the ONU can represent a user side such as a house, and the like, a downlink signal output from the OLT can be input to different ONUs through the UDWDM-PON, an uplink signal output from the ONU can also be transmitted to the OLT through the UDWDM-PON, and the signal transmission network system can effectively provide high-speed broadband service for the terminal users of the current telecommunication network.
Today, bandwidth resources are sharply deficient, the current dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM-PON) technology has achieved more than 400Gb/s in a transmission network, but an access network still wanders to 500Mb/s to 1Gb/s, which is far from meeting the future requirement of an optical access network. The most important factor of this is that the conventional wavelength division multiplexing technology (WDM-PON) and the dense wavelength division multiplexing technology (DWDM-PON) employ expensive optical filtering devices (e.g., multiplexer MUX and demultiplexer DEMUX) in an optical distribution unit (ODN), whereas UDWDM-PON employs a low-cost optical splitter (OPS) to provide a plurality of wavelengths to each ONU at the ODN and a coherent detection technology to receive corresponding wavelengths at the ONU end due to the introduction of a coherent detection technology, thereby implementing electronic filtering while avoiding the use of expensive and unstable optical filtering technologies, especially below 0.2nm interval.
In summary, UDWDM-PON offers a possibility for future 'green optical network' implementations, and in order to promote commercial deployment of UDWDM-PON, one must greatly reduce the cost of ONUs, the key being whether it can be integrated. The current receiver in the market generally adopts a direct detection technology, follows the square rate detection principle, can only detect signal strength information, and is easily limited by dispersion damage. The technology has low receiving sensitivity, small optical fiber capacity and short transmission distance, and cannot realize the filtering function under ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing, while the conventional coherent detection adopts an avalanche photodiode as a part of a receiver, and is difficult to integrate due to large volume. Therefore, it is urgent to design an integratable optical network unit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an UDWDM passive optical network system based on EML and an optical transmission method, aiming at solving the problems of high cost, low receiving sensitivity and low output signal-to-noise ratio of the existing ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network.
A first object of the present invention is to provide an ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing UDWDM passive optical network system based on an electro-absorption modulated laser EML, the system comprising:
an optical line terminal OLT, an optical distribution network ODN and an optical network unit ONU, wherein the optical line terminal OLT, the optical distribution network ODN and the optical network unit ONU are connected in sequence,
the optical network unit ONU realizes a 'lambda-to-the-user' scheme, namely, each ONU corresponds to one user, each user uses a single wavelength, and the channel interval between adjacent users is only 25GHz.
The optical network unit ONU and the receiver of the optical line terminal OLT adopt homodyne balanced receivers;
the homodyne balanced receiver includes: the device comprises a local oscillator optical transmitter, an optical fiber coupler, a photoelectric detector, a trans-impedance amplifier, an electric subtracter, an equalizing filter and an error rate analyzer; the local oscillator optical transmitter, the optical fiber coupler, the photoelectric detector, the transimpedance amplifier, the electric subtracter, the equalizing filter and the bit error rate analyzer are sequentially connected;
the local oscillator light transmitter is used for generating a local oscillator light beam with the same frequency as the signal light beam, the local oscillator light beam and the signal light beam generate interference on the optical fiber coupler to generate an interference light beam, after the interference light beam is detected and amplified by the photoelectric detector and the transimpedance amplifier, noise and a direct current signal are subtracted from the output end of the electric subtracter to amplify a differential signal and output a maximum photocurrent, finally, a low-noise electric signal is output through the equalizing filter, and the error rate of a final output signal is detected from the error rate analyzer.
Optionally, the transmitter portion of the optical line terminal OLT includes: mach-Zehnder modulators.
Optionally, the homodyne balanced receiver includes 2 photodetectors and 2 transimpedance amplifiers.
Optionally, the optical fiber coupler is a 2 × 2 optical fiber coupler, and the signal beam and the local oscillator beam interfere at the 2 × 2 optical fiber coupler at a splitting ratio of 50.
Optionally, the optical distribution network ODN includes: 20km standard single mode fiber, wave separator; the 20km standard single-mode fiber is connected with the wave separator, and the interval between channels is 25GHz.
Optionally, the signal sources of the optical line terminal OLT and the optical network unit ONU are: the pseudo-random binary sequence is converted into an electrical signal by a non-return-to-zero generator.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide a full-duplex optical transmission method based on an electro-absorption modulated laser EML, wherein during uplink transmission, the electro-absorption modulated laser EML is used as a transmitter, and the uplink transmission process includes:
an uplink emission signal is loaded on the electro-absorption modulation laser EML for modulation, and an optical signal is output;
the output optical signal enters a receiver after being transmitted by an optical fiber, and in the receiver, a signal light beam interferes with a same-frequency local oscillator light beam on a 2 x 2 optical fiber coupler according to a light splitting ratio of 50;
after the interference light beams are detected and amplified by using the two photoelectric detectors and the transimpedance amplifier, subtracting noise and direct current signals by using an electric subtracter, and amplifying differential signals so as to output maximum photocurrent;
and outputting a low-noise electric signal through the equalizing filter, and detecting the error rate of the final output signal from the error rate analyzer.
Optionally, during downlink transmission, the mach-zehnder modulator is used as a transmitter, and the downlink transmission process includes:
a downlink transmission signal is loaded to the Mach-Zehnder modulator for modulation, and an optical signal is output;
the output optical signal enters a receiver after being transmitted by an optical fiber, and in the receiver, a signal light beam interferes with a same-frequency local oscillator light beam on a 2 x 2 optical fiber coupler according to a light splitting ratio of 50;
after the interference light beams are detected and amplified by using the two photoelectric detectors and the transimpedance amplifier, subtracting noise and direct current signals by using an electric subtracter, and amplifying differential signals so as to output maximum photocurrent;
and outputting a low-noise electric signal through the equalizing filter, and detecting the error rate of the final output signal from the error rate analyzer.
The third objective of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber communication system, which includes a transmitting end and a receiving end, and the optical fiber communication system utilizes the above ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing UDWDM passive optical network system based on the electro-absorption modulated laser EML to implement full-duplex optical transmission.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts a lambda-to-the-user scheme, namely, each user occupies a unique wavelength lambda, and the signal congestion and crosstalk caused by wavelength sharing between adjacent users are avoided. In order to realize reasonable wavelength distribution under the condition of limited wave bands, an ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing technology with channel spacing smaller than 50GHz is necessarily required to be implemented, and because the existing optical access network distributes different user wavelengths by using optical filtering, the existing optical filtering is technically difficult to realize that the channel spacing is smaller than 50GHz, and the filtering cost is too high. In order to solve the problem, the invention uses a power divider with low cost and a coherent detection scheme to realize the channel interval problem of the ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing technology, and uses coherent detection to accurately match the specific wavelength allocated to the user. In addition, the receivers of the optical line terminal and the optical network unit adopt homodyne balanced receivers, and utilize homodyne coherent balanced detection technology, so that the sensitivity of the optical receiver is improved, the link capacity is expanded, the output signal-to-noise ratio of the optical network is greatly improved, and the flexibility and the transmission performance of the optical network are optimized;
the optical network unit ONU selects the EML with low power consumption and large bandwidth as a transmitter, and the adopted modulator and photoelectric detection are integrated III-V semiconductor PIN and electronic amplifier TIA, so that the optical network unit ONU has the advantages of small volume, low cost and high integration level, not only simplifies the integrated elements used in the ONU and reduces the cost of a user end in an optical communication network, but also is very suitable for the transmission of a high-requirement optical access network;
the EML-based ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network system designed by the invention has the advantages of simple design, good stability, low cost and easy large-scale implementation, and provides an integrated scheme with high speed and large-scale deployment for future user terminals.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the design framework of a 25Ghz Ultra Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (UDWDM) passive optical network system based on electro-absorption modulated lasers (EML) according to the present invention;
the optical fiber amplifier comprises a non-return-to-zero signal converter 1, a pseudo-random binary sequence 2, an EML 3, a circulator 4, a wave splitter 5, a standard single-mode optical fiber 6, an adjustable attenuator 7, a coupler 8, a Mach-Zehnder modulator 9, a photoelectric detector 10, a transimpedance amplifier 11, an electric subtracter 12, an error rate analyzer 13, an equalizing filter 14 and a local oscillator optical transmitter 15.
FIG. 2 is a bit error rate graph for downlink single-user unidirectional transmission at 10-Gb/s for 20km and back-to-back (BtB) transmission.
FIG. 3 is a bit error rate graph of uplink single-user unidirectional transmission at 10-Gb/s for 20km and back-to-back (BtB) transmission.
FIG. 4 is a bit error rate graph for 20km and back-to-back (BtB) transmission for downlink single-user bi-directional transmission at 10-Gb/s.
FIG. 5 is a graph of bit error rate for uplink single user bi-directional transmission at 10-Gb/s for 20km and back-to-back (BtB) transmission.
FIG. 6 is a bit error rate graph for downlink multi-user bi-directional transmission at 10-Gb/s for 20km and back-to-back (BtB) transmission.
FIG. 7 is a graph of bit error rate for uplink multi-user bi-directional transmission at 10-Gb/s for 20km and back-to-back (BtB) transmission.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the present embodiment provides an ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network system, where the system includes: the optical line terminal OLT, the optical distribution network ODN and the optical network unit ONU are sequentially connected;
an optical network unit ONU adopts a lambda-to-the-user 'scheme, wherein the lambda-to-the-user' scheme comprises the following steps: each optical network unit ONU corresponds to one user, each user uses a single wavelength, and the channel interval between adjacent users is only 25GHz.
Example two
The present embodiment provides an ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network system, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes: the optical distribution network system comprises an optical line terminal OLT, an optical distribution network ODN and an optical network unit ONU, wherein the optical line terminal OLT, the optical distribution network ODN and the optical network unit ONU are connected in sequence.
An optical network unit ONU adopts a lambda-to-the-user 'scheme, wherein the lambda-to-the-user' scheme comprises the following steps: each optical network unit ONU corresponds to one user, each user uses a single wavelength, and the channel interval between adjacent users is only 25GHz.
The transmitter part of the optical network unit ONU comprises: a pseudo-random binary sequence, a non-return-to-zero signal converter, and an electric absorption modulation laser EML; the receiver part adopts a homodyne balanced receiver and comprises a local oscillator optical transmitter, 2 x 2 optical fiber couplers, 2 photoelectric detectors, 2 trans-impedance amplifiers, an electric subtracter, an equalizing filter and an error rate analyzer; the local oscillator optical transmitter, the optical fiber coupler, the photoelectric detector, the transimpedance amplifier, the electric subtracter, the equalizing filter and the bit error rate analyzer are sequentially connected;
the transmitter part of the optical line termination OLT comprises: a pseudo-random binary sequence, a non-return-to-zero signal converter, a Mach-Zehnder modulator; the receiver part adopts a homodyne balanced receiver and comprises a local oscillator optical transmitter, 2 x 2 optical fiber couplers, 2 photoelectric detectors, 2 trans-impedance amplifiers, an electric subtracter, an equalizing filter and an error rate analyzer; the local oscillator optical transmitter, the optical fiber coupler, the photoelectric detector, the transimpedance amplifier, the electric subtracter, the equalizing filter and the bit error rate analyzer are sequentially connected.
The optical distribution network comprises: the ODN includes: 20km standard single mode fiber, wave separator; the demultiplexer divides the network into a plurality of channels, with a spacing between each channel of 25GHz.
The local oscillator optical transmitter is used for generating a local oscillator light beam with the same frequency as the signal light beam, the local oscillator light beam and the signal light beam interfere on the 2 x 2 optical fiber coupler at a splitting ratio of 50 to generate an interference light beam, the interference light beam is detected and amplified by the two photoelectric detectors and the two transimpedance amplifiers, noise and a direct current signal are subtracted from the output end of the electric subtracter to amplify a differential signal, the maximum photocurrent is output, finally, a low-noise electric signal is output through the equalizing filter, and the error rate of a final output signal is detected from the error rate analyzer.
The optical line terminal and the optical network unit receiver both adopt homodyne balanced receivers, utilize homodyne coherent balanced detection technology, improve the sensitivity of the optical receiver, expand the link capacity, use two detectors to improve the receiving sensitivity, greatly improve the output signal-to-noise ratio of the optical network, and greatly optimize the flexibility and the transmission performance of the optical network.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment provides a full-duplex optical transmission method based on an electric absorption modulation laser EML, in the method, when in uplink transmission, the electric absorption modulation laser EML is used as a transmitter, and the uplink transmission process includes:
an uplink transmitting signal is loaded to the electro-absorption modulation laser EML for modulation, and an optical signal is output;
the output optical signal enters a receiver after being transmitted by an optical fiber, and in the receiver, a signal light beam interferes with a same-frequency local oscillator light beam on a 2 x 2 optical fiber coupler according to a light splitting ratio of 50;
after the interference light beams are detected and amplified by using the two photoelectric detectors and the transimpedance amplifier, subtracting noise and direct current signals by using an electric subtracter, and amplifying differential signals so as to output maximum photocurrent;
and outputting a low-noise electric signal through an equalizing filter, and detecting the error rate of a final output signal from an error rate analyzer.
When in downlink transmission, the Mach-Zehnder modulator is used as a transmitter, and the downlink transmission process comprises the following steps:
a downlink transmitting signal is loaded on the Mach-Zehnder modulator for modulation, and an optical signal is output;
the output optical signal enters a receiver after being transmitted by an optical fiber, and in the receiver, a signal light beam interferes with a same-frequency local oscillator light beam on a 2 x 2 optical fiber coupler according to a light splitting ratio of 50;
after the interference light beams are detected and amplified by using the two photoelectric detectors and the transimpedance amplifier, subtracting noise and direct current signals by using an electric subtracter, and amplifying differential signals so as to output maximum photocurrent;
and outputting a low-noise electric signal through the equalizing filter, and detecting the error rate of the final output signal from the error rate analyzer.
The method of the embodiment utilizes the homodyne coherent balance detection technology, improves the sensitivity of the optical receiver, expands the link capacity, greatly improves the output signal-to-noise ratio of the optical network, and greatly optimizes the flexibility and the transmission performance of the optical network; the optical network unit ONU selects the EML with low power consumption and large bandwidth as the transmitter, thereby not only simplifying the integrated elements used in the ONU and reducing the cost of a user end in an optical communication network, but also being very suitable for the transmission of the optical access network with high requirements.
In order to further verify that the system and the method of the invention can optimize the flexibility and the transmission performance of the optical network, experiments are carried out, as shown in fig. 1, under the data transmission rate of 10Gb/s, the experiment of 20km homodyne balanced detection bidirectional optical transmission performance with a single-chip EML as an uplink transmitter is measured by using a pseudorandom binary sequence, and data signals are encoded in a non-return-to-zero pulse format. In downlink transmission, a pseudorandom binary sequence is converted into an electric signal through a non-return-to-zero pulse generator, the electric signal is loaded on continuous laser with the wavelength of 1550.1nm through a Mach-Zehnder modulator for amplitude modulation, and after the electric signal is transmitted through a 20km standard single-mode optical fiber, an optical signal carrying information enters an ONU for homodyne balance detection. The signal light beam and the local oscillator light beam with the same frequency interfere on a 2 x 2 optical fiber coupler at a splitting ratio of 50. And finally, outputting a low-noise electric signal through an equalizing filter, and detecting the error rate of the final output signal from an error rate analyzer. The main parameters of the system are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 System parameter Table
Figure GDA0003768903530000071
The bit error rate curves of the simulation experiment under different conditions of unidirectional or bidirectional uplink or downlink transmission of a single user or multiple users are shown in FIGS. 2,3,4,5,6 and 7. At BER =2.4 × 10 -4 The receive sensitivity for different cases is shown in the following table for the forward error correction level of (a):
TABLE 2 reception sensitivity table under different conditions
Figure GDA0003768903530000072
Figure GDA0003768903530000081
Due to the back scattering and reflection effects of the optical fiber, the receiving sensitivity of uplink transmission to BtB and 20km optical fiber is respectively improved by 0.4dB and 2dB along with the conversion from unidirectional transmission to bidirectional transmission. In the two-way uplink transmission, the loss between BtB and the 20km optical fiber is 1.8dB, which is 1.6dB greater than the loss between different communication distances in the one-way uplink transmission. Although the multi-channel transmission of multiple users can increase the negative effects of crosstalk between signals and cross phase modulation and the sensitivity loss caused by the negative effects is about 3dB compared with a single user, the receiving sensitivity of the whole full-duplex optical communication system is always smaller than-31 dBm and still belongs to high-quality transmission quality, and the influence of adjacent ONU2 on the ONU1 is proved to be small.
Some steps in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by software, and the corresponding software program may be stored in a readable storage medium, such as an optical disc or a hard disk.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An Ultra Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (UDWDM) passive optical network system based on electro-absorption modulated lasers (EML), the system comprising: an optical line terminal OLT, an optical distribution network ODN and an optical network unit ONU, wherein the optical line terminal OLT, the optical distribution network ODN and the optical network unit ONU are connected in sequence,
the optical network unit ONU realizes a lambda-to-the-user 'scheme, and the lambda-to-the-user' scheme is as follows: each optical network unit ONU corresponds to one user, each user uses a single wavelength, and the channel interval between adjacent users is only 25GHz;
the optical network unit ONU and the receiver of the optical line terminal OLT adopt homodyne balanced receivers;
the homodyne balanced receiver includes: the device comprises a local oscillator optical transmitter, an optical fiber coupler, a photoelectric detector, a trans-impedance amplifier, an electric subtracter, an equalizing filter and an error rate analyzer; the local oscillator optical transmitter, the optical fiber coupler, the photoelectric detector, the transimpedance amplifier, the electric subtracter, the equalization filter and the error rate analyzer are sequentially connected;
the local oscillator optical transmitter is used for generating a local oscillator light beam with the same frequency as the signal light beam, the local oscillator light beam interferes with the signal light beam on the optical fiber coupler to generate an interference light beam, after the interference light beam is detected and amplified by the photoelectric detector and the transimpedance amplifier, noise and a direct current signal are subtracted from the output end of the electric subtracter, a differential signal is amplified, the maximum photocurrent is output, finally, a low-noise electric signal is output through the equalizing filter, and the error rate of a final output signal is detected from the error rate analyzer.
2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmitter part of the optical line termination OLT comprises: a mach-zehnder modulator.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the homodyne balanced receiver comprises 2 photodetectors and 2 transimpedance amplifiers.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the fiber coupler is a 2 x 2 fiber coupler, and wherein the signal beam and the local oscillator beam interfere at the 2 x 2 fiber coupler at a split ratio of 50.
5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that said optical distribution network ODN comprises: 20km standard single mode fiber, wave separator; the 20 kilometer standard single mode fiber is connected with the wave separator, and the interval between channels is 25GHz.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the signal sources of the optical line terminal OLT and the optical network units ONU are: the pseudo-random binary sequence is converted into an electrical signal by a non-return-to-zero generator.
7. A full-duplex optical transmission method based on an electro-absorption modulated laser EML is characterized in that during uplink transmission, the electro-absorption modulated laser EML is used as a transmitter, and the uplink transmission process comprises the following steps:
an uplink transmitting signal is loaded to the electro-absorption modulation laser EML for modulation, and an optical signal is output;
the output optical signal enters a receiver after being transmitted by an optical fiber, and in the receiver, a signal light beam interferes with a same-frequency local oscillator light beam on a 2 x 2 optical fiber coupler according to a splitting ratio of 50;
after the interference light beams are detected and amplified by using the two photoelectric detectors and the transimpedance amplifier, subtracting noise and direct current signals by using an electric subtracter, and amplifying differential signals so as to output maximum photocurrent;
and outputting a low-noise electric signal through the equalizing filter, and detecting the error rate of the final output signal from the error rate analyzer.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein downstream transmission using the mach-zehnder modulator as a transmitter comprises:
a downlink transmitting signal is loaded on the Mach-Zehnder modulator for modulation, and an optical signal is output;
the output optical signal enters a receiver after being transmitted by an optical fiber, and in the receiver, a signal light beam interferes with a same-frequency local oscillator light beam on a 2 x 2 optical fiber coupler according to a light splitting ratio of 50;
after the interference light beams are detected and amplified by using the two photoelectric detectors and the transimpedance amplifier, subtracting noise and direct current signals by using an electric subtracter, and amplifying differential signals so as to output maximum photocurrent;
and outputting a low-noise electric signal through an equalizing filter, and detecting the error rate of a final output signal from an error rate analyzer.
9. An optical fiber communication system comprising a transmitting end and a receiving end, characterized in that the optical fiber communication system utilizes an ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing (UDWDM) passive optical network system based on electro-absorption modulated lasers (EML) according to any one of claims 1-6 to realize full-duplex optical transmission.
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