CN114157190B - Negative excitation control method of power take-off vehicle-mounted power supply - Google Patents
Negative excitation control method of power take-off vehicle-mounted power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN114157190B CN114157190B CN202111285682.1A CN202111285682A CN114157190B CN 114157190 B CN114157190 B CN 114157190B CN 202111285682 A CN202111285682 A CN 202111285682A CN 114157190 B CN114157190 B CN 114157190B
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- negative excitation
- power supply
- excitation control
- negative
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003828 downregulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
- H02P9/105—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for increasing the stability
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
- H02P9/305—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
- H02P2101/45—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for motor vehicles, e.g. car alternators
Abstract
The invention provides a negative excitation control method of a power take-off vehicle-mounted power supply, which belongs to the technical field of power supply control and comprises the following steps of: designing a circuit required by a negative excitation control method of the power taking vehicle-mounted power supply; detecting an inductive load access; starting is completed by adopting a depressurization starting method; judging whether the negative exciting current is to the top or not by adopting a multi-operation fusion technology; setting a limiting value when the PID is initialized by adopting a limiting method; the arrangement of multi-level overvoltage protection prevents negative excitation control from becoming positive feedback. The invention enhances the load capacity of the vehicle-mounted power supply through the negative excitation control, and adopts the negative excitation control to offset the high voltage generated when the vehicle-mounted power supply is provided with inductive load, so that the vehicle-mounted power supply stably operates. The problem of current power take-off vehicle power supply when driving big inertial characteristic load output voltage variation range is too big is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power control, and particularly relates to a negative excitation control method of a power take-off vehicle-mounted power supply.
Background
In the power taking vehicle-mounted power supply, the end voltage of the generator is stabilized by controlling exciting current in order to adapt to the large-range change of the end frequency and the voltage of the generator caused by the large-range change of the rotating speed of the engine. The control loop is double closed loops, the outer loop is generator terminal voltage, and the inner loop is exciting current.
The vehicle-mounted load has a large amount of inductive load, such as an air conditioner, a hydraulic motor and even a pure electric motor, and the vehicle-mounted power supply with a wide rotating speed range has the problem of high voltage generated when the inductive load is started. The existing vehicle-mounted power supply is improved and amplified to adapt to large current when an inductive load is input by a main power tube IGBT at an inversion side, so that the 30KW vehicle-mounted power supply can drive the inductive load with full load, but when certain loads with large inertia characteristics such as a hydraulic motor are driven, the exciting current is regulated back, because of hysteresis effect of a motor and other complicated electromagnetic processes, even if the exciting current is regulated to zero, the terminal voltage is still fast to rise, great hidden danger is brought to safety, only the power can be reduced for use, and the 30KW vehicle-mounted power supply can only drive the hydraulic motor with 15KW, so that the capacity is wasted greatly.
The prior art has an excitation control method and a lifting voltage control method for stabilizing output voltage in a large rotating band range, and is assisted by a brake protection method, but the algorithm cannot solve the problem that high voltage generated when inductive load is carried, and even if the brake is fully opened, the voltage cannot be reduced, so that the stable operation of a vehicle-mounted power supply cannot be ensured, and the improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a negative excitation control method of a power taking vehicle-mounted power supply, and aims to solve the problems that the output voltage change range is too large and potential safety hazards exist when the power taking vehicle-mounted power supply drives a load with large inertia characteristic in the prior art.
In the wide rotating speed range of the generator, the end voltage is stabilized by adjusting the exciting current, and the adjusting capability of the system during unloading and inductive loading can be greatly improved by adopting a negative excitation control mode. At this time, the terminal voltage can rise rapidly, which is dangerous, the terminal voltage needs to be quickly regulated back, the terminal voltage is realized by quickly regulating back the exciting current, and the terminal voltage is continuously regulated to a negative value after the terminal voltage is regulated to zero, so that the voltage rise caused by hysteresis is counteracted. However, after the negative excitation reaches a certain value, the exciting current is increased in the negative direction, so that the loop of the exciting current-terminal voltage becomes positive feedback, and the system is out of control. This patent avoids out of control through certain control algorithm, accomplishes loop control.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
a negative excitation control method of a power taking vehicle-mounted power supply adopts a negative excitation control mode, when exciting current is recalled, under the condition of inductive load, the negative excitation control method continuously adjusts to a negative value after being zeroed so as to counteract voltage rise caused by hysteresis, and comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a circuit required by a negative excitation control method of a power taking vehicle-mounted power supply;
s2, detecting inductive load access;
s3, completing starting by adopting a voltage reduction starting method;
s4, judging whether the negative exciting current is to the top or not by adopting a multi-operation fusion technology;
s5, setting a limiting value when the PID is initialized by adopting a limiting method;
s6, setting multi-level overvoltage protection to prevent negative excitation from becoming positive feedback.
Further, the circuit required by the negative excitation control method of the power taking vehicle-mounted power supply comprises a power main circuit of excitation current, and the power main circuit of the excitation current adopts a bridge circuit.
Further, the judgment of detecting the inductive load access is realized by calculating the differential of the voltage drop, and if the output voltage dip is in the ms level, the inductive load access is judged, and the subsequent special control is performed.
Further, when the depressurization starting method is completed, the slow starting time is less than 0.5 seconds.
Further, the method for judging whether the negative exciting current is top or not by adopting the multi-operation fusion technology comprises the following steps: the method for independently judging the top of the negative excitation current comprises the following steps of: rotation speed detection and rotation speed matching, a direction cut-off method and whether voltage is over-voltage or not are judged through direct current voltage and alternating current voltage.
Further, the method for detecting and matching the rotating speed comprises the following steps: and judging whether the voltage is topped or not by utilizing the differential of the voltage, namely the change rate, wherein the detected rotating speed reaches the speed of the voltage topped as the control limit of negative excitation.
Further, the direction clipping method includes: when the exciting current differential direction is unchanged but the voltage differential direction is changed, the exciting current is cut off in time, and the value of the last point is recovered.
Further, in the process of judging whether the voltage is over-voltage or not through the direct-current voltage and the alternating-current voltage together, when the frequency is fixed, the effective value of the alternating-current voltage is rapidly calculated by using the same-angle amplitude comparison method; when the frequency is changed, the effective value of the alternating voltage is rapidly calculated by using an intersection amplitude comparison method.
Further, the multi-level overvoltage protection that prevents the negative excitation from becoming a positive feedback arrangement includes: first, software voltage limit protection; second, direct current voltage limit value protection; third ply: the hardware fast protects and blocks PWM; fourth: and (5) braking.
The beneficial technical effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
the load carrying capacity, particularly the inductive load carrying capacity, of the vehicle-mounted power supply is enhanced through negative excitation control. The negative excitation control is adopted to offset the high voltage generated when the inductive load is carried out, so that the vehicle-mounted power supply stably operates. The problem that the output voltage change range is overlarge and potential safety hazards exist when the power taking vehicle-mounted power supply in the prior art drives a load with large inertia characteristics is solved, and the power taking vehicle-mounted power supply has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a power main circuit of the excitation current of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates voltage-to-top detection in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and the detailed description. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
As shown in fig. 1, a specific embodiment of a negative excitation control method of a power take-off vehicle-mounted power supply adopts a negative excitation control mode, when exciting current is recovered, the recovery speed is very fast under the condition of inductive load by adopting the negative excitation control mode, and after the recovery speed is regulated to zero, negative regulation can be continued so as to counteract voltage rise caused by hysteresis, thereby solving the problem of overlarge output voltage change range in the prior art.
However, there is a great risk of the excitation current being adjusted to negative values, since the negative excitation current will also raise the voltage, the control loop becomes positive feedback, the system will collapse and extra high voltages may occur. As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, algorithms such as forced amplitude limiting, speed matching method, differential method, and direction cut-off method are used to solve the problem when the exciting current is adjusted to a negative value, so as to implement negative exciting control of the vehicle-mounted power supply, and the vehicle-mounted power supply can carry a full inductive load, and the specific implementation modes are as follows:
s1, designing a circuit required by a negative excitation control method of a power taking vehicle-mounted power supply
As shown in fig. 2, a power main circuit of exciting current required by the negative excitation control method of the power take-off vehicle-mounted power supply in this specific embodiment is designed as a bridge circuit, so as to realize output of positive and negative exciting currents.
S2, detecting inductive load access
When an inductive load is connected, the output voltage can suddenly drop, and the amplitude reduction is an electric process and is different from the mechanical action process of an engine throttle. The former is ms level, and the latter is hundred ms level, and by calculating the differential of the voltage drop, namely the change rate, whether the load is an inductive load or not can be judged, and if the load is judged to be an inductive load, the subsequent special control is performed.
S3, completing starting by adopting a step-down starting method
If the inductive load is judged to be connected in, a control mode of step-down slow start is adopted to prevent the tripping of the excessive current. The time for a slow start in this embodiment is less than 0.5 seconds. The reason is that the power is connected with other loads, and the recovery is required to be carried out within 0.5 seconds according to national standard requirements.
S4, judging whether the negative exciting current reaches the top or not by adopting a multi-operation fusion technology
Several methods for independently judging the top of the negative excitation current are adopted, and the methods are fused together through weighted proportion, so that the effects of timely judging and preventing false triggering are achieved, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s4.1, rotation speed detection and rotation speed matching
The detected rotation speed reaches the voltage to top speed and is used as the control limit of negative excitation. The differential of the voltage, i.e., the rate of change, is used in this embodiment to determine whether the voltage is to the top, as shown in fig. 3.
S4.2, direction truncation method
When the exciting current differential direction is unchanged, but the voltage differential direction is changed, the exciting current is cut off in time, and the value of the previous point is recovered.
S4.3, judging whether the voltage is overvoltage or not through the direct-current voltage and the alternating-current voltage
Judging whether the voltage is over-voltage or not through the direct-current voltage and the alternating-current voltage together, and rapidly calculating the effective value of the alternating-current voltage, wherein in the embodiment, when the frequency is fixed, the same-angle amplitude comparison method is used; the intersection amplitude comparison method when the frequency varies.
S5, setting a limiting value in PID initialization by adopting a limiting method
A fixed value is calculated to set the clipping value at the time of PID initialization. The calculation mode is selected according to the actual situation, and can be realized by using the prior art, and is not repeated here.
S6, setting multi-level overvoltage protection to prevent negative excitation from becoming positive feedback
In this embodiment, in order to prevent negative excitation from becoming positive feedback and adjust out ultra-high voltage, quadruple overvoltage protection is provided: first, software voltage limit protection; second, direct current voltage limit value protection; third ply: the hardware fast protects and blocks PWM; fourth: and (5) braking.
The beneficial technical effects obtained by the embodiment are as follows:
when the method is applied to a high-power taking vehicle-mounted power supply with a wide rotating speed range, the terminal voltage is stabilized through excitation control, the load capacity of the vehicle-mounted power supply, particularly the capacity with inductive load, is enhanced through negative excitation control.
In this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted power supply has the requirement of having an inductive load, but when having an inductive load, the output voltage is greatly pulled down, so that excitation is greatly overshot, after the rotation speed is up, the voltage is increased, the inertia of the excitation system is large, the excitation current is slowly reduced and tracked, at the moment, the action of armature reaction and remanence is also performed, high voltage is generated in the process, the duration is long, even hundred ms level, the danger is high, and great pressure is generated on the withstand voltage of the device. The negative excitation control in the specific embodiment can offset the high voltage generated by the factors, so that the vehicle-mounted power supply stably operates. The problem of prior art power take-off vehicle power supply when driving big inertial characteristic load output voltage variation range is too big, has the potential safety hazard is solved.
By adopting the specific embodiment, the 30KW vehicle-mounted power supply can be provided with a 30KW motor, high voltage which is more than 1.2 times can not occur in the use process, and devices with high withstand voltage level are not needed to be selected, so that the cost is reduced.
Claims (5)
1. The negative excitation control method of the power take-off vehicle-mounted power supply is characterized by adopting a negative excitation control mode, when exciting current is recalled, under the condition of inductive load, the negative excitation control mode is continuously turned to a negative value after the exciting current is zeroed so as to counteract voltage rise caused by hysteresis, and the negative excitation control method comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a circuit required by a negative excitation control method of a power taking vehicle-mounted power supply;
s2, detecting inductive load access;
s3, completing starting by adopting a voltage reduction starting method;
s4, judging whether the negative exciting current is to the top or not by adopting a multi-operation fusion technology;
the method for independently judging the top of the negative excitation current is characterized by comprising the following steps of: detecting the rotating speed, matching the rotating speed, and judging whether the voltage is over-voltage or not through a direct current voltage and an alternating current voltage by a direction cut-off method;
the method for detecting and matching the rotating speed comprises the following steps: judging whether the voltage is topped up or not by utilizing the differential of the voltage, namely the change rate, wherein the detected rotating speed reaches the speed of the voltage topped up as the control limit of negative excitation;
the direction truncation method comprises the following steps: when the exciting current differential direction is unchanged but the voltage differential direction is changed, cutting off in time, and recovering the value of the last point;
in the process of judging whether the voltage is over-voltage or not through the direct-current voltage and the alternating-current voltage together, rapidly calculating the effective value of the alternating-current voltage by using an amplitude comparison method;
s5, setting a limiting value when the PID is initialized by adopting a limiting method;
s6, setting multi-level overvoltage protection to prevent negative excitation from becoming positive feedback.
2. The negative excitation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circuit required by the negative excitation control method of the power taking vehicle-mounted power supply comprises a power main circuit of excitation current, and the power main circuit of the excitation current adopts a bridge circuit.
3. The negative excitation control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the judgment of detecting the inductive load access is realized by calculating the differential of the voltage drop, and the inductive load access is judged if the electric process of the output voltage dip is in the ms level.
4. The negative excitation control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: and when the depressurization starting method is completed, the slow starting time is less than 0.5 seconds.
5. The negative excitation control method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the multi-level overvoltage protection for preventing negative excitation from changing into positive feedback comprises: first, software voltage limit protection; second, direct current voltage limit value protection; third ply: the hardware fast protects and blocks PWM; fourth: and (5) braking.
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| CN202111285682.1A CN114157190B (en) | 2021-11-02 | 2021-11-02 | Negative excitation control method of power take-off vehicle-mounted power supply |
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| CN202111285682.1A CN114157190B (en) | 2021-11-02 | 2021-11-02 | Negative excitation control method of power take-off vehicle-mounted power supply |
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| CN114157190A (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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