CN114157013A - Semi-automatic unloading and loading system and method for nuclear power plant - Google Patents

Semi-automatic unloading and loading system and method for nuclear power plant Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114157013A
CN114157013A CN202111264635.9A CN202111264635A CN114157013A CN 114157013 A CN114157013 A CN 114157013A CN 202111264635 A CN202111264635 A CN 202111264635A CN 114157013 A CN114157013 A CN 114157013A
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China
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sbo
emergency
switch group
emergency load
bus
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CN202111264635.9A
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CN114157013B (en
Inventor
赵友有
吴宝安
曾丝竹
熊国华
陈梦雅
沈辉
王绪霄
王洪涛
黎国民
陈锋
张�杰
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China General Nuclear Power Corp
China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
CGN Power Co Ltd
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China General Nuclear Power Corp
China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
CGN Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111264635.9A priority Critical patent/CN114157013B/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J11/00—Circuit arrangements for providing service supply to auxiliaries of stations in which electric power is generated, distributed or converted
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/002—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which a reserve is maintained in an energy source by disconnecting non-critical loads, e.g. maintaining a reserve of charge in a vehicle battery for starting an engine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/08—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems requiring starting of a prime-mover

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a semi-automatic unloading and loading system and a method for a nuclear power plant, which are applied to the SBO working condition of the nuclear power plant, wherein the semi-automatic unloading and loading system for the nuclear power plant comprises an SBO diesel engine, an SBO power supply bus, a first SBO emergency load bus, a second SBO emergency load bus, a safety level emergency power supply bus and a plurality of switch groups; under the SBO working condition, equipment of the nuclear power plant is divided into first SBO emergency load equipment and second SBO emergency load equipment according to timeliness requirements, wherein the first SBO emergency load equipment is mounted on a first SBO emergency load bus, and the second SBO emergency load equipment is mounted on a second SBO emergency load bus; the system automatically unloads and loads the first SBO emergency load equipment and manually unloads and loads the second SBO emergency load equipment. The semi-automatic unloading and loading method for the nuclear power plant is applied to the semi-automatic unloading and loading system for the nuclear power plant. The invention can effectively simplify the complexity of the SBO unloading logic and reduce the influence result of the error triggering of the SBO unloading automatic logic.

Description

Semi-automatic unloading and loading system and method for nuclear power plant
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power, in particular to a semi-automatic unloading and loading system and method for a nuclear power plant.
Background
In a nuclear power station accident of the Japanese Fudao, a 9-level earthquake exceeding a design standard occurs to destroy an external power grid of a power station, and simultaneously tsunami caused by the earthquake submerges a diesel engine plant, so that an emergency diesel Engine (EDG) of the power station is lost, all alternating current of the power station is completely lost, a related cooling system cannot work, and finally a painful nuclear accident is caused.
After the fukushima nuclear accident, newly-built land pressurized water reactor nuclear power station has all add single or many SBO diesel engines (SBO DG) to the nuclear power station takes place whole factory and loses the power consumption (SBO) operating mode, loses station power, emergent diesel Engine (EDG) at whole nuclear power station, loses under the emergency of all alternating current power supply promptly, can be for the reactor core fully cooling and the relevant system normal power supply of the integrality of containment, and the minimum reduces this operating mode accident to the safety of nuclear power station influence.
The existing nuclear power station SBO diesel engine needs manual operation in unloading and loading, the design considers that the whole plant power-off working condition does not interfere 30 minutes after the power-off working condition occurs, and a single SBO DG only carries a single-row device. When the whole plant power-off working condition occurs, the environmental temperature of a related electrical instrument equipment room and a main control room rises due to the fact that ventilation is lost, particularly for compact small-sized piles such as an offshore nuclear power platform, the temperature rise rate is high under a constant heat source due to the fact that the room space is small, when SBO downstream load is unloaded in a manual mode after the whole plant power-off working condition occurs for 30 minutes, the cabin environmental temperature is too high due to the fact that heating and ventilation equipment is not started in time, the requirement of the main control room for the residency or the acceptable limit operating temperature of electrical instrument equipment cannot be met, the whole accident handling is affected, and the safety of a reactor is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a semi-automatic unloading and loading system and a method for a nuclear power plant, which can effectively simplify the complexity of SBO unloading and loading logic and reduce the influence result of the error triggering of the SBO unloading and loading automatic logic, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the method comprises the steps that a semi-automatic unloading and loading system of the nuclear power plant is constructed and applied to the SBO working condition of the nuclear power plant, and the semi-automatic unloading and loading system of the nuclear power plant comprises an SBO diesel engine, an SBO power supply bus, a first SBO emergency load bus, a second SBO emergency load bus, a safety level emergency power supply bus and a plurality of switch groups; under the SBO working condition, equipment of the nuclear power plant is divided into first SBO emergency load equipment and second SBO emergency load equipment according to timeliness requirements, wherein the first SBO emergency load equipment is mounted on the first SBO emergency load bus, and the second SBO emergency load equipment is mounted on the second SBO emergency load bus; the system automatically unloads and loads the first SBO emergency load equipment and manually unloads and loads the second SBO emergency load equipment;
an SBO diesel engine power output switch is arranged between the SBO diesel engine and the SBO power supply bus; the SBO diesel engine is connected with the SBO power supply bus through the SBO diesel engine power output switch;
the SBO power supply bus, the first SBO emergency load bus, the second SBO emergency load bus and the safety level emergency power supply bus are electrically connected with an emergency diesel engine and a plant service of a nuclear power plant through a plurality of switch groups.
Preferably, the semi-automatic unloading and loading system of the nuclear power plant is divided into a line a and a line B which are redundant to each other, and both the line a and the line B comprise the first SBO emergency load bus, the second SBO emergency load bus, the safety level emergency power supply bus, the emergency diesel engine and a plurality of switch groups;
the second end of the column A and the second end of the column B are both connected to the SBO power supply bus and are supplied with power by the SBO power supply bus; the first end of the column A and the first end of the column B are both connected to the emergency diesel engine and the service power of the nuclear power plant.
Preferably, the plurality of switch groups include a first switch group, a second switch group, a third switch group, a fourth switch group, a fifth switch group, a sixth switch group, a seventh switch group, and an eighth switch group;
the first switch group is arranged between the plant power and the safety-level emergency power supply bus, the second switch group is arranged between the emergency diesel engine and the safety-level emergency power supply bus, the third switch group is arranged between the safety-level emergency power supply bus and the second SBO emergency load bus, and the fourth switch group is arranged between the first SBO emergency load bus and the second SBO emergency load bus and is used for connecting the first SBO emergency load bus and the second SBO emergency load bus; the fifth switch group and the sixth switch group are arranged between the second SBO emergency load bus and the SBO power supply bus, and the seventh switch group and the eighth switch group are arranged between the first SBO emergency load bus and the SBO power supply bus.
Preferably, a first end of the first switch group is connected to the service power, and a second end of the first switch group is connected to the safety-level emergency power supply bus;
the first end of the second switch group is connected with the emergency diesel engine, and the second end of the second switch group is connected with the safety emergency power supply bus;
the first end of the third switch group is connected with the safety-level emergency power supply bus, and the second end of the third switch group is connected with the second SBO emergency load bus;
one end of the fourth switch group is connected to the first SBO emergency load bus, and the other end of the fourth switch group is connected to the second SBO emergency load bus;
the first end of the sixth switch group is connected with the second SBO emergency load bus, and the second end of the sixth switch group is connected with the first end of the fifth switch group; the second end of the fifth switch group is connected to the SBO power supply bus;
the first end of the seventh switch group is connected with the first SBO emergency load bus, and the second end of the seventh switch group is connected with the first end of the eighth switch group; and the second end of the eighth switch group is connected to the SBO power supply bus.
Preferably, the auxiliary power is divided into an auxiliary power a column and an auxiliary power B column according to a power supply load, a first end of a first switch group of the system a column is connected to the auxiliary power a column, and a first end of a first switch group of the system B column is connected to the auxiliary power B column;
emergent diesel engine includes first emergent diesel engine and the emergent diesel engine of second, the first end of the second switch group that the A of system was listed as is connected to first emergent diesel engine, the first end of the second switch group that the B of system was listed as is connected to the emergent diesel engine of second.
Preferably, the first SBO emergency load device has a higher demand on timeliness than the second SBO emergency load device.
The invention also constructs a semi-automatic unloading and loading method of the nuclear power plant, which is applied to the semi-automatic unloading and loading system of the nuclear power plant, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, if the SBO emergency load buses of the A row and the B row of the semi-automatic unloading and loading system of the nuclear power plant are subjected to voltage loss, and the voltage loss time of the A row and the voltage loss time of the B row exceed the preset safety time, entering an SBO working condition;
s2, automatically starting the SBO diesel engine by the system to enable the SBO diesel engine to reach rated frequency and voltage;
s3, the fourth switch group is automatically switched off, and the states of the other switch groups are kept unchanged;
and S4, the power output switch of the SBO diesel engine, the eighth switch group and the seventh switch group are automatically closed, and the system automatically unloads the first SBO emergency load equipment according to a preset sequence.
Preferably, the step S4 includes:
s4-1, automatically closing the power output switch of the SBO diesel engine;
s4-2, the eighth switch group is automatically closed;
s4-3, when the SBO diesel engine power output switch and the eighth switch group are in a closed state and the fourth switch group is in an open state, the seventh switch group is automatically closed, and the SBO diesel engine supplies power to the SBO emergency load bus;
and S4-4, automatically unloading the first SBO emergency load equipment on the SBO emergency load bus according to a preset sequence and then automatically loading the first SBO emergency load equipment on the SBO emergency load bus.
Preferably, the step S4-4 includes:
s4-4-1, dividing the automatic unloading and loading process step into n process steps, wherein the interval time between two adjacent process steps is m seconds, n is a natural number, and m is a positive integer;
s4-4-2, automatically unloading all first SBO emergency load equipment except the 0 th work step by the system, and powering on the 0 th work step equipment;
and S4-4-3, automatically loading the nth step equipment in the nth × m seconds, and powering on the nth step equipment until the first SBO emergency load equipment is completely loaded.
Preferably, in step S4-4, two sets of automatic unloading and loading logics are set for the devices belonging to the same emergency diesel engine and the SBO diesel engine automatic unloading and loading range and belonging to different time sequence process steps in the first SBO emergency load device.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step S5: and after the manual operation is allowed, manually locking the self-starting function of the high-power equipment in the second SBO emergency load equipment.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step S6: and after the manual operation is allowed, manually unloading the second SBO emergency load equipment, manually closing the fifth switch group and the sixth switch group, and manually loading the second SBO emergency load equipment.
Preferably, the step S6 includes:
s6-1, confirming that the system finishes the automatic loading of the first SBO emergency load equipment and is in a stable running state, and manually unloading the second SBO emergency load equipment;
s6-2, manually opening the third switch group, manually closing the fifth switch group and the sixth switch group in sequence;
and S6-3, manually putting a second SBO emergency load device in k work steps in sequence, wherein k is a positive integer.
Preferably, the step S6-3 specifically includes, in the kth step, manually resetting the high-power device in the kth step, which is manually locked by the system after power loss, and then manually turning on the kth step device.
Preferably, the preset safe time is set to 20 seconds.
Preferably, the high power plant includes a high power process pump, a process valve and a heater.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the semi-automatic unloading and loading system and the method for the nuclear power plant are mainly used for providing an emergency power supply for a safety system under the power-off working condition of the whole plant, and the safety influence of the working condition accident on the nuclear power plant is reduced to the minimum extent. In order to ensure that equipment with higher timeliness such as heating ventilation and the like can be put into use in time when the power loss working condition of the whole plant occurs, the room environment of equipment such as a main control room, an electrical instrument and the like under the power loss working condition of the whole plant is effectively ensured; the method is suitable for equipment with low timeliness requirements such as a SBO diesel engine manual unloading and loading process under the power-off working condition of the whole nuclear power station, can effectively simplify the complexity of SBO unloading and loading logic, and reduces the influence result of the SBO unloading and loading automatic logic false triggering.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a semi-automatic unloading and loading system for a nuclear power plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a semi-automatic unloading and loading system for a nuclear power plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a logic block diagram of the switch control of the semi-automatic unloading and loading method of the nuclear power plant of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a logical block diagram of the automatic unloading portion of the semi-automatic unloading method of a nuclear power plant of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a logic diagram of the unloading and loading of the device in the EDG and SBO loading range of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a logical block diagram of a manual unloading portion of the semi-automatic unloading method of a nuclear power plant of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a logic block diagram of the automatic start-up of a high power device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, it is to be understood that the orientations and positional relationships indicated by "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "leading", "trailing", and the like are configured and operated in specific orientations based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
It is also noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," "disposed," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. When an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be "directly" or "indirectly" on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only for convenience in describing the present technical solution, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, whereby the features defined as "first", "second", "third", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.
In the invention, the first end refers to the end far away from the SBO diesel engine, and the second end refers to the end close to the SBO diesel engine; SBO DG refers to an SBO diesel engine, EDG refers to an emergency diesel engine, SBO working conditions refer to power loss working conditions of the whole plant, service power refers to a conventional power supply system of a nuclear power plant, power of the conventional power supply system is derived from a nuclear power plant generator or an external power grid, and EDG refers to an emergency diesel engine of a nuclear power station which deals with the working conditions of the service loss accidents of the whole plant.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention constructs a semi-automatic unloading and loading system of a nuclear power plant, which is applied to the SBO working condition of the nuclear power plant, and the semi-automatic unloading and loading system of the nuclear power plant comprises an SBO diesel engine, an SBO power supply bus, a first SBO emergency load bus, a second SBO emergency load bus, a safety level emergency power supply bus and a plurality of switch groups; safety-level related loads needing to be used under all non-SBO working conditions are mounted on a safety-level emergency power supply bus, and minimum-range loads needing to be used under the SBO working conditions are mounted on 2 SBO emergency bus sections. Under the SBO working condition, equipment of the nuclear power plant is divided into first SBO emergency load equipment and second SBO emergency load equipment according to timeliness requirements, wherein the first SBO emergency load equipment is mounted on a first SBO emergency load bus, and the second SBO emergency load equipment is mounted on a second SBO emergency load bus; the system automatically unloads and loads the first SBO emergency load equipment and manually unloads and loads the second SBO emergency load equipment;
an SBO diesel engine power output switch is arranged between the SBO diesel engine and the SBO power supply bus and used for controlling the power output of the SBO diesel engine and supplying power to buses at all levels, and the SBO diesel engine is connected with the SBO power supply bus through the SBO diesel engine power output switch. The SBO power supply bus, the first SBO emergency load bus, the second SBO emergency load bus and the safety level emergency power supply bus are respectively and electrically connected with an emergency diesel engine and a station service of the nuclear power plant through a plurality of switch groups. The SBO power supply bus, the SBO emergency load bus and the safety level emergency power supply bus can be supplied with power by an emergency diesel engine, service power or an SBO diesel engine, and power supply selection is performed by controlling a switch according to actual conditions. The emergency power supply bus of the safety level is respectively connected with the emergency diesel engine and the station service power through two different switches, specifically, in the embodiment, the emergency power supply bus of the safety level is connected with the station service power through the first switch group, and is connected with the emergency diesel engine through the second switch group. Therefore, when the first switch group is closed, the auxiliary power supply can supply power for the load mounted on the safety-level emergency power supply bus, or when the second switch group is closed, the emergency diesel engine can supply power for the load mounted on the safety-level emergency power supply bus, and when the SBO working condition occurs, if the emergency diesel engine and the auxiliary power supply cannot provide power, the SBO diesel engine can supply power for the emergency load mounted on the SBO emergency load bus.
As shown in fig. 2, further, the semi-automatic unloading and loading system of the nuclear power plant is divided into a row a and a row B which are redundant with each other, wherein the A, B series is a A, B series in the main process of the nuclear power plant, which means the redundant design from an alternating current power supply to a direct current power supply to a load of the whole nuclear power plant, the row B is completely redundant of the row a, and the row a fails without affecting the row B to complete the nuclear safety function. Namely, two sets of equipment execute safety functions, one set of equipment fails, the other set of equipment is not influenced, and the functions are continuously executed. Therefore, the emergency power supply system is also provided with two sets which are matched with A, B series of the whole nuclear power station. Understandably, the semi-automatic unloading and loading system of the nuclear power plant is also applicable to the nuclear power plant with a single SBO diesel engine only carrying single-row emergency bus equipment, namely, the semi-automatic unloading and loading function can be realized under the condition that only a single row is included, for example, only A row or B row is included.
The emergency power supply system comprises a line A and a line B, wherein the line A and the line B respectively comprise a first SBO emergency load bus, a second SBO emergency load bus, a safety level emergency power supply bus, an emergency diesel engine and a plurality of switch groups; that is, the composition of the a column and the B column is the same, and therefore the a column and the B column can be regarded as two-column circuits that are mirror images of each other. The second end of the column A and the second end of the column B are both connected to the SBO power supply bus and are supplied with power by the SBO power supply bus; the first end of the column A and the first end of the column B are both connected to an emergency diesel engine and a service power of a nuclear power plant.
Further, the plurality of switch groups in the column a and the column B each include a first switch group, a second switch group, a third switch group, a fourth switch group, a fifth switch group, a sixth switch group, a seventh switch group, and an eighth switch group;
the first switch group of the A column is arranged between the station service power and the safety level emergency power supply bus and used for controlling the station service power to supply power to the full level emergency power supply bus. And the second switch group of the A column is arranged between the emergency diesel engine and the safety-level emergency power supply bus and used for controlling the emergency diesel engine to supply power to the full-level emergency power supply bus. And the third switch group of the A column is arranged between the safety-level emergency power supply bus and the second SBO emergency load bus and is used for controlling power transmission between the safety-level emergency power supply bus and the second SBO emergency load bus. And the fourth switch group of the A column is arranged between the first SBO emergency load bus and the second SBO emergency load bus and used for connecting the first SBO emergency load bus and the second SBO emergency load bus. And a fifth switch group and a sixth switch group of the A column are arranged between the second SBO emergency load bus and the SBO power supply bus and are used for controlling the SBO diesel engine to supply power to the second SBO emergency load bus. And a seventh switch group and an eighth switch group of the A column are arranged between the first SBO emergency load bus and the SBO power supply bus and are used for controlling the SBO diesel engine to supply power to the second SBO emergency load bus.
Similarly, a first switch group of the B column is arranged between the station power and the safety-level emergency power supply bus, a second switch group of the B column is arranged between the emergency diesel engine and the safety-level emergency power supply bus, a third switch group of the B column is arranged between the safety-level emergency power supply bus and the second SBO emergency load bus, a fourth switch group of the B column is arranged between the first SBO emergency load bus and the second SBO emergency load bus, a fifth switch group and a sixth switch group of the B column are arranged between the second SBO emergency load bus and the SBO power supply bus, and a seventh switch group and an eighth switch group of the B column are arranged between the first SBO emergency load bus and the SBO power supply bus.
Furthermore, a first end of the first switch group is connected with the service power, and a second end of the first switch group is connected to the safety-level emergency power supply bus; the first end of the second switch group is connected with the emergency diesel engine, and the second end of the second switch group is connected with the safety level emergency power supply bus; therefore, the plant power and the emergency diesel engine can respectively supply power for a safety level emergency power supply bus and the like according to actual conditions. The first end of the third switch group is connected with the safety-level emergency power supply bus, and the second end of the third switch group is connected with the second SBO emergency load bus; the third switch group is set to be a double-pole single-throw switch, namely, the third switch group can be understood as an outgoing switch of a safety-level emergency power supply bus and an incoming switch of a second SBO emergency load bus, and the third switch group can simultaneously control the on and off of the switches. One end of the fourth switch group is connected to the first SBO emergency load bus, and the other end of the fourth switch group is connected to the second SBO emergency load bus and used for unloading and loading equipment on the first SBO emergency load bus and the second SBO emergency load bus step by step. The first end of the sixth switch group is connected with the second SBO emergency load bus, and the second end of the sixth switch group is connected with the first end of the fifth switch group; the second end of the fifth switch group is connected to the SBO power supply bus; the first end of the seventh switch group is connected with the first SBO emergency load bus, and the second end of the seventh switch group is connected with the first end of the eighth switch group; and the second end of the eighth switch group is connected to the SBO power supply bus.
The functions born by the SBO emergency load bus are higher than those born by the SBO power supply bus, so that the two buses are connected, an isolating switch is required to be arranged for preventing the influence of low-level equipment faults on high-level equipment, the sixth switch group has the functions of the isolating switch besides the outlet switch of the second SBO emergency load bus, and the opening and closing control of the sixth switch group needs to be separated from the fifth switch group. Because the emergency load equipment under the SBO working condition is hung on the second SBO emergency load bus, when the SBO diesel engine is required to supply power to the second SBO emergency load bus, the fifth switch group is closed, and then when the fifth switch group is detected to be closed and the power supply condition is met, namely when the SBO power supply bus and all the matched equipment are confirmed to be in the normal working state, the sixth switch group can be controlled to be closed, so that the SBO diesel engine can supply power to the second SBO emergency load bus. Similarly, the operation method for supplying power to the first SBO emergency load bus by controlling the seventh switch group and the eighth switch group is similar, and the description is not repeated here.
Further, the auxiliary power is divided into an auxiliary power A column and an auxiliary power B column according to the power supply load, the first end of the first switch group of the system A column is connected to the auxiliary power A column, and the first end of the first switch group of the system B column is connected to the auxiliary power B column; the emergency diesel engine comprises a first emergency diesel engine and a second emergency diesel engine, the first end of the second switch group of the A line of the system is connected to the first emergency diesel engine, and the first end of the second switch group of the B line of the system is connected to the second emergency diesel engine.
Further, the first SBO emergency load device has higher requirements on timeliness than the second SBO emergency load device. Specifically, the first SBO emergency load device is a device with a high requirement on timeliness, and the second SBO emergency load device is a device with a low requirement on timeliness. Preferably, the first SBO emergency load device mainly considers devices with high timeliness such as heating ventilation, all loads should be as small as possible, and the loading can be completely completed in step 0. Wherein, the high equipment of ageing nature requirement includes: partial equipment in a nuclear power plant is required to be in an emergency working state at any time so as to be immediately put into operation when an accident condition occurs. When the SBO diesel engine starts, these highly time-efficient devices must first be powered, and in a nuclear power plant, the time-efficient devices generally include: safety special system equipment which is required to be timely input through safety analysis, and all support systems required by the operation of the safety special system equipment, such as heating ventilation, power supply, lighting equipment and the like.
The invention also constructs a semi-automatic unloading and loading method for the nuclear power plant, which can be applied to the semi-automatic unloading and loading system for the nuclear power plant, and the method comprises the following steps:
and S1, if the SBO emergency load buses of the A row and the B row of the semi-automatic unloading and loading system of the nuclear power plant are subjected to voltage loss, and the voltage loss time of the A row and the voltage loss time of the B row exceed the preset safety time, entering an SBO working condition. Further, the preset safe time is set to be 20 seconds, namely when the pressure loss time of the A column and the pressure loss time of the B column exceed 20 seconds, the SBO working condition is entered. Understandably, the preset safety time can be adjusted according to the actual operation condition.
S2, automatically starting the SBO diesel engine by the system to enable the SBO diesel engine to reach rated frequency and voltage;
s3, the fourth switch group is automatically switched off, and the states of the other switch groups are kept unchanged;
and S4, the power output switch of the SBO diesel engine, the eighth switch group and the seventh switch group are automatically closed, and the system automatically unloads the first SBO emergency load equipment according to a preset sequence.
As shown in fig. 3, the step S4 specifically includes:
s4-1, automatically closing an SBO diesel engine power output switch;
s4-2, the eighth switch group is automatically closed;
s4-3, when the power output switch and the eighth switch group of the SBO diesel engine are in a closed state and the fourth switch group is in an open state, the seventh switch group is automatically closed, and the SBO diesel engine supplies power to the SBO emergency load bus;
and S4-4, automatically unloading the first SBO emergency load equipment on the SBO emergency load bus according to a preset sequence, and then automatically loading the first SBO emergency load equipment on the SBO emergency load bus.
As shown in fig. 4, further, step S4-4 specifically includes:
s4-4-1, dividing the automatic unloading and loading process step into n process steps, wherein the interval time between two adjacent process steps is m seconds, n is a natural number, and m is a positive integer;
s4-4-2, automatically unloading all first SBO emergency load equipment except the 0 th work step by the system, and electrifying the 0 th work step equipment;
and S4-4-3, automatically loading the nth step equipment in the nth × m seconds, and powering on the nth step equipment until the first SBO emergency load equipment is completely loaded.
In order to ensure that parameters such as the output frequency and the voltage of the SBO diesel engine can be in a required range in the process of automatically loading the load on the first SBO emergency bus, the automatic unloading and loading logic of the SBO diesel engine is loaded in steps according to time sequence, equipment with certain load is loaded in each step, the interval of each step is ms and is matched with the loading capacity of the SBO diesel engine, m is 5 in the embodiment, n steps are counted, n is determined according to the total load of the SBO working condition and the loading capacity of the SBO single-step diesel engine, and the duration of the whole automatic loading is 5 ns. The following is an implementation example of automatic unloading, and the step-by-step automatic unloading logic is implemented by an SBO unloading instruction and an SBO loading instruction together: the step-by-step automatic load logic is realized by an SBO unloading instruction and an SBO loading instruction together: the SBO uninstalling instruction is used for continuously forbidding related equipment from starting in the corresponding process step; and the SBO loading instruction is used for immediately starting the related equipment of the corresponding process step after the unloading instruction of the corresponding process step disappears. All equipment in the first SBO emergency bus section automatic unloading and loading logic is set to be in priority of closing action over opening action, namely after the equipment receives opening and closing instructions at the same time, the equipment preferentially executes closing action.
As shown in fig. 5, further, in step S4-4, for a device in the first SBO emergency load device that belongs to the range of the emergency diesel engine and the SBO diesel engine automatic unloading program, if the sequence of the emergency diesel engine automatic unloading process step where the device is located is different from the sequence of the SBO diesel engine automatic unloading process step, the device needs to design two sets of automatic loading logic. Fig. 5 shows an example of the design of the automatic unloading and loading logic of such a device, for example, the device loads the logic at the 20 th loading step in the automatic unloading and loading sequence of the emergency diesel engine and loads the logic at the 5 th loading step in the automatic unloading and loading sequence of the SBO diesel engine, and since the emergency diesel engine and the SBO diesel engine are not simultaneously started, both sets of loading logics can normally perform functions and do not interfere with each other.
Further, the method also comprises a step S5 of manually locking the self-starting function of the high-power equipment in the second SBO emergency load equipment after the manual operation is allowed.
Before the bus section is powered again, the protection starting instruction of the high-power safety equipment needs to be manually locked, all SBO loads on the bus section are manually unloaded, and the manual unloading is preferably designed into one-key group control and can be manually unloaded one by one.
In order to prevent the SBO diesel engine from being dragged down due to the fact that a part of high-power safety equipment receives a high-priority protection command to be automatically started in the manual loading process of the SBO, and the instantaneous load exceeds the single-work-step carrying capacity of the SBO diesel engine. The automatic starting and locking function of the high-power safety equipment is designed in the SBO manual unloading logic, and an operator can lock a high-priority protection starting command of the high-power safety equipment through a designed manual locking button. In a non-plant loss of power condition, the manual latch command is in a reset state. After the power loss working condition of the whole nuclear power plant occurs, the high-power equipment has single equipment or equipment group which is automatically started and the load of the single-step equipment or equipment group exceeds the single-step load carrying capacity of an SBO diesel engine, and the common high-power equipment mainly comprises: electric pump, heater, motor with power of hundreds and tens kilowatts.
As shown in fig. 6, further, step S6 is included, after the manual operation is allowed, the second SBO emergency load device is unloaded manually, the fifth switch set and the sixth switch set are closed manually, and the second SBO emergency load device is loaded manually. After the power loss working condition of the whole nuclear power plant occurs, the SBO diesel engine is automatically started and finishes the automatic unloading and loading of first SBO load equipment on the first SBO emergency bus, and when the site has the manual operation condition, the residual bus switches are manually controlled to unload and load the equipment. Specifically, when the safety level emergency power supply buses of the A column and the B column both lose voltage for 20s, the third group of switches are manually switched off, so that the second SBO emergency bus is disconnected with a power supply on the safety level emergency power supply bus; and manually closing the fifth group of switches and the sixth group of switches in sequence to ensure that the second SBO emergency bus is powered by the SBO diesel engine again, and manually loading SBO loads such as process equipment and the like carried by the bus section according to different starting working conditions.
Further, step S6 specifically includes:
s6-1, confirming that the system finishes automatic loading of the first SBO emergency load equipment and is in a stable operation state, and manually unloading the second SBO emergency load equipment;
s6-2, manually opening the third switch group, manually closing the fifth switch group and the sixth switch group in sequence;
and S6-3, manually putting a second SBO emergency load device in k work steps in sequence, wherein k is a positive integer.
As shown in fig. 7, further, step S6-3 specifically includes, in the kth step, manually resetting the high power device in the kth step that is manually locked by the system after power loss, and then manually turning on the high power device corresponding to the kth step.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
under a normal working condition, the first SBO emergency bus section of each sequence is connected with the second SBO emergency bus section through the fourth group of switches, and the second SBO emergency bus section is connected with the upstream safety level emergency power supply bus through the third group of switches, so that a normal power supply sent by plant power through the first group of switches is received; when the station service power is lost, an emergency diesel engine provides emergency power supplies for the safety-level emergency power supply bus and the first and second SBO emergency buses through the second group of switches; when the emergency diesel engine fails or fuel oil is exhausted and the service power is not recovered, namely all the alternating current is lost to enter an SBO working condition, the fourth group of switches between the first SBO emergency bus section and the second SBO emergency bus section are disconnected, and the SBO diesel engine is simultaneously connected with the A, B sequence first SBO emergency bus section through the SBO power supply bus, the eighth group of switches and the seventh group of switches, so that the automatic unloading and loading of the load on the bus section is realized. When the manual operation is allowed, the third group of switches are manually opened, the fifth group of switches and the sixth group of switches are closed and are simultaneously connected to the A, B sequence second SBO emergency bus section, so that the manual unloading of the load on the bus section is realized, and the normal work of important process pump valves, a control cabinet (powered by a UPS storage battery) and auxiliary systems (heating and ventilation equipment) of the equipment is ensured, and the reactor is in a safe and controllable state.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the scheme of the SBO diesel engine for automatically starting and unloading the equipment with higher timeliness requirements such as heating ventilation and the like can effectively guarantee the working environment of equipment such as operators, electrical instruments and the like under the power-off working condition of a whole plant;
2. the equipment with low timeliness requirements such as the SBO diesel engine manual unloading process and the like can effectively simplify the complexity of SBO unloading logic and reduce the influence result of SBO unloading automatic logic misoperation;
3. the automatic unloading and loading scheme of the SBO diesel engine realizes the loading of a plurality of sequences of SBO loads on one SBO diesel engine, and obviously reduces the equipment and maintenance cost of the SBO diesel engine.
It is to be understood that the foregoing examples, while indicating the preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and description, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention; it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several changes and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention; therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. A semi-automatic unloading and loading system of a nuclear power plant is applied to the SBO working condition of the nuclear power plant and is characterized by comprising an SBO diesel engine, an SBO power supply bus, a first SBO emergency load bus, a second SBO emergency load bus, a safety level emergency power supply bus and a plurality of switch groups; under the SBO working condition, equipment of the nuclear power plant is divided into first SBO emergency load equipment and second SBO emergency load equipment according to timeliness requirements, wherein the first SBO emergency load equipment is mounted on the first SBO emergency load bus, and the second SBO emergency load equipment is mounted on the second SBO emergency load bus; the system automatically unloads and loads the first SBO emergency load equipment and manually unloads and loads the second SBO emergency load equipment;
an SBO diesel engine power output switch is arranged between the SBO diesel engine and the SBO power supply bus; the SBO diesel engine is connected with the SBO power supply bus through the SBO diesel engine power output switch;
the SBO power supply bus, the first SBO emergency load bus, the second SBO emergency load bus and the safety level emergency power supply bus are electrically connected with an emergency diesel engine and a plant service of a nuclear power plant through a plurality of switch groups.
2. The semi-automatic unloading and loading system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that it is divided into a column a and a column B that are redundant to each other, each of said column a and said column B comprising said first SBO emergency load bus, said second SBO emergency load bus, said safety level emergency power supply bus, said emergency diesel engine and a plurality of said switch groups;
the second end of the column A and the second end of the column B are both connected to the SBO power supply bus and are supplied with power by the SBO power supply bus; the first end of the column A and the first end of the column B are both connected to the emergency diesel engine and the service power of the nuclear power plant.
3. The nuclear plant semi-automatic unloading and loading system of claim 2, wherein the plurality of switch sets includes a first switch set, a second switch set, a third switch set, a fourth switch set, a fifth switch set, a sixth switch set, a seventh switch set, and an eighth switch set;
the first switch group is arranged between the plant power and the safety-level emergency power supply bus, the second switch group is arranged between the emergency diesel engine and the safety-level emergency power supply bus, the third switch group is arranged between the safety-level emergency power supply bus and the second SBO emergency load bus, and the fourth switch group is arranged between the first SBO emergency load bus and the second SBO emergency load bus and is used for connecting the first SBO emergency load bus and the second SBO emergency load bus; the fifth switch group and the sixth switch group are arranged between the second SBO emergency load bus and the SBO power supply bus, and the seventh switch group and the eighth switch group are arranged between the first SBO emergency load bus and the SBO power supply bus.
4. The semi-automatic nuclear plant unloading and loading system of claim 3,
the first end of the first switch group is connected with the service power, and the second end of the first switch group is connected to the safety level emergency power supply bus;
the first end of the second switch group is connected with the emergency diesel engine, and the second end of the second switch group is connected with the safety emergency power supply bus;
the first end of the third switch group is connected with the safety-level emergency power supply bus, and the second end of the third switch group is connected with the second SBO emergency load bus;
one end of the fourth switch group is connected to the first SBO emergency load bus, and the other end of the fourth switch group is connected to the second SBO emergency load bus;
the first end of the sixth switch group is connected with the second SBO emergency load bus, and the second end of the sixth switch group is connected with the first end of the fifth switch group; the second end of the fifth switch group is connected to the SBO power supply bus;
the first end of the seventh switch group is connected with the first SBO emergency load bus, and the second end of the seventh switch group is connected with the first end of the eighth switch group; and the second end of the eighth switch group is connected to the SBO power supply bus.
5. The semi-automatic nuclear power plant unloading and loading system according to claim 4, wherein the service power is divided into a service power A column and a service power B column according to a power supply load, a first end of a first switch group of the system A column is connected to the service power A column, and a first end of a first switch group of the system B column is connected to the service power B column;
emergent diesel engine includes first emergent diesel engine and the emergent diesel engine of second, the first end of the second switch group that the A of system was listed as is connected to first emergent diesel engine, the first end of the second switch group that the B of system was listed as is connected to the emergent diesel engine of second.
6. The semi-automatic nuclear plant unloading and loading system of claim 1, wherein the first SBO emergency load device has a higher demand on timeliness than the second SBO emergency load device.
7. A semi-automatic unloading and loading method for a nuclear power plant, which is applied to the semi-automatic unloading and loading system for the nuclear power plant of any one of claims 3 to 6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, if the SBO emergency load buses of the A row and the B row of the semi-automatic unloading and loading system of the nuclear power plant are subjected to voltage loss, and the voltage loss time of the A row and the voltage loss time of the B row exceed the preset safety time, entering an SBO working condition;
s2, automatically starting the SBO diesel engine by the system to enable the SBO diesel engine to reach rated frequency and voltage;
s3, the fourth switch group is automatically switched off, and the states of the other switch groups are kept unchanged;
and S4, the power output switch of the SBO diesel engine, the eighth switch group and the seventh switch group are automatically closed, and the system automatically unloads the first SBO emergency load equipment according to a preset sequence.
8. The semi-automatic unloading and loading method for nuclear power plant according to claim 7, wherein the step S4 includes:
s4-1, automatically closing the power output switch of the SBO diesel engine;
s4-2, the eighth switch group is automatically closed;
s4-3, when the SBO diesel engine power output switch and the eighth switch group are both in a closed state and the fourth switch group is in an open state, the seventh switch group is automatically closed, and the SBO diesel engine supplies power to the SBO emergency load bus;
and S4-4, automatically unloading the first SBO emergency load equipment on the SBO emergency load bus according to a preset sequence and then automatically loading the first SBO emergency load equipment on the SBO emergency load bus.
9. The semi-automatic unloading and loading method for nuclear power plant according to claim 8, wherein the step S4-4 includes:
s4-4-1, dividing the automatic unloading and loading process step into n process steps, wherein the interval time between two adjacent process steps is m seconds, n is a natural number, and m is a positive integer;
s4-4-2, automatically unloading all first SBO emergency load equipment except the 0 th work step by the system, and powering on the 0 th work step equipment;
and S4-4-3, automatically loading the nth step equipment in the nth × m seconds, and powering on the nth step equipment until the first SBO emergency load equipment is completely loaded.
10. A semi-automatic unloading and loading method for nuclear power plant according to claim 8, characterized in that in step S4-4, two sets of automatic unloading and loading logics are set for the devices belonging to the same automatic unloading and loading range of the emergency diesel engine and the SBO diesel engine and belonging to different time sequence steps in the first SBO emergency loading device.
11. The semi-automatic unloading and loading method for nuclear power plant according to claim 7, further comprising the step S5: and after the manual operation is allowed, manually locking the self-starting function of the high-power equipment in the second SBO emergency load equipment.
12. The semi-automatic unloading and loading method for nuclear power plant according to claim 7, further comprising the step S6: and after the manual operation is allowed, manually unloading the second SBO emergency load equipment, manually closing the fifth switch group and the sixth switch group, and manually loading the second SBO emergency load equipment.
13. The semi-automatic unloading and loading method for nuclear power plant according to claim 11, characterized in that said step S6 includes:
s6-1, confirming that the system finishes the automatic loading of the first SBO emergency load equipment and is in a stable running state, and manually unloading the second SBO emergency load equipment;
s6-2, manually opening the third switch group, manually closing the fifth switch group and the sixth switch group in sequence;
and S6-3, manually putting a second SBO emergency load device in k work steps in sequence, wherein k is a positive integer.
14. The semi-automatic unloading and loading method for nuclear power plant according to claim 12, characterized in that the step S6-3 specifically includes, in the kth step, manually resetting the high-power equipment in the kth step that is manually locked by the system after power loss, and then manually switching to the kth step equipment.
15. The semi-automatic nuclear power plant unloading and loading method according to claim 7, wherein the preset safe time is set to 20 seconds.
16. The method of semi-automatic unloading and loading from a nuclear power plant of claim 10, wherein the high power equipment includes high power process pumps, process valves and heaters.
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