CN114151494A - Novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device - Google Patents
Novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114151494A CN114151494A CN202111509700.XA CN202111509700A CN114151494A CN 114151494 A CN114151494 A CN 114151494A CN 202111509700 A CN202111509700 A CN 202111509700A CN 114151494 A CN114151494 A CN 114151494A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/30—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium with solid or semi-solid material, e.g. pasty masses, as damping medium
- F16F9/303—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium with solid or semi-solid material, e.g. pasty masses, as damping medium the damper being of the telescopic type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
- B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
- B60R19/34—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means destroyed upon impact, e.g. one-shot type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/58—Stroke limiting stops, e.g. arranged on the piston rod outside the cylinder
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device, which converts impact motion in a certain direction into energy-absorbing motion in any direction through a connecting rod mechanism, and absorbs energy generated by impact through arranging a proper number of energy release devices, so that a protected piece is prevented from being damaged in collision; energy generated by collision is transmitted to the transmission rod and the telescopic rod through the mounting head, and finally the volume of the containing cavity can be sealed by the compression energy release device, so that the medium in the containing cavity overflows through the pressure discharge device under the condition of being blocked; the energy release device adopts a motion reversing scheme, is particularly suitable for scenes such as limited space in an impact direction, complex installation space and the like, adopts a scheme of fluid blocked overflow energy consumption, can be repeatedly used, reduces the use cost and shortens the recovery time of the device; the whole anti-collision device is various in structural form and can be applied to scenes with limited spaces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy-absorbing and anti-collision devices, and particularly relates to a novel reversing energy-absorbing and anti-collision device.
Background
The equipment can be damaged due to the fact that the equipment is likely to encounter impact and collision in the using process, and therefore various energy-absorbing anti-collision devices are generated. For example, conventional elastic material anti-collision devices, most commonly various rubber pads, foam boxes, etc., can protect objects during collision, but due to lack of rigidity of materials, the devices and protected parts cannot maintain stable shapes and positions in normal working conditions, so that the application of the anti-collision devices is greatly limited, and meanwhile, if the elastic devices are required to absorb large energy generated by collision of large-mass objects, large-volume elastic materials are required, which further limits the application of the anti-collision devices in the field of anti-collision of the large-mass objects. And some other energy-absorbing anti-collision devices which overcome the defects mostly absorb energy by utilizing the crumpling or shearing damage of materials, for example, an automobile anti-collision beam device can absorb energy generated by collision through the crumpling of an energy-absorbing box under the condition of low-speed collision of an automobile so as to protect an important structure behind the anti-collision beam, and the anti-collision beam device has certain rigidity and can maintain a self-stable structural shape under the normal working condition of no collision. However, when the installation space of the energy-absorbing and anti-collision structure such as an anti-collision beam is limited, the energy-absorbing and anti-collision structure is difficult to protect, for example, when the length of the automobile is certain, the collision beam and the collapse distance of the energy-absorbing box are compressed in order to increase the riding space, so that the protection device can only absorb little energy; in other scenes, the position where equipment is easy to collide occupies the installation space of the conventional anti-collision device due to the invasion of other structures, so that the energy-absorbing anti-collision device can be only installed at other positions, and the protection effect is greatly weakened. On the other hand, the currently common way of absorbing energy by destroying the structure, such as material collapse or shearing, has the disadvantage of being not reusable, i.e. once the protection effect is effective, the collapse piece and the shearing piece, such as the automobile anti-collision beam device, are required to be replaced, and once the energy absorption box collapses, the use cost and the recovery time are undoubtedly increased. Meanwhile, the energy-absorbing and anti-collision mode has the limitations that the sensitivity of energy absorption and the energy absorption size are not easy to adjust, namely once the device is installed, the device can only be applied to a certain preset collision scene without replacing energy-absorbing parts, and the application range of the energy-absorbing and anti-collision device is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device which has the advantages of strong rigidity, various structural forms, flexible arrangement, capability of absorbing large collision energy when the volume is small, reusability, quick recovery and capability of conveniently adjusting the energy-absorbing sensitivity and the energy-absorbing size to meet the collision of various degrees, and aims to solve the problems that the conventional energy-absorbing anti-collision device cannot maintain the general form and position precision of the device and a protected piece, has high requirement on installation space, cannot be applied to the collision of a large-mass object when the volume is small, cannot be reused, cannot adapt to the collision of various degrees and the like.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device is characterized by comprising an installation head and a transmission rod hinged with the installation head, wherein the other end of the transmission rod is hinged with a telescopic rod, the tail end of the telescopic rod is connected with a compression part of an energy release device, the energy release device is provided with a charge-discharge device and a pressure release device, and the energy release device is fixedly arranged on a bottom plate;
the angle and relative position relation among the mounting head, the transmission rod, the telescopic rod and the compression component can enable the mounting head and the compression component to form a continuous and stable transmission relation, and the compression direction of the compression component and the direction of the impacted movement of the mounting head can be any angle on the premise of meeting the stable transmission, so that the impact direction and the energy absorption direction can be randomly arranged, and the mounting head can be flexibly mounted at a position with limited space;
the energy release device is provided with a sealable cavity, the sealable cavity can change the volume along with the movement of the compression part, and flowable media are filled in the sealable cavity;
the pressure release device and the charging and discharging device are communicated with the sealable cavity of the energy release device, the pressure release device comprises a communicating pipe and a discharge valve which is arranged on the communicating pipe and can be detachably replaced or can be adjusted to open and close pressure, the discharge valve is opened only when the pressure of the flowable medium exceeds a certain pressure, and the discharge valve is closed when the pressure is smaller than the opening value; when collision happens, the telescopic rod can drive the compression part to compress the volume of the sealable cavity, so that the flowable medium in the cavity is blocked and flows out, the energy generated by collision is dissipated, and the energy absorption amount and sensitivity can be adjusted by replacing the discharge valve with different opening pressures or adjusting the opening and closing pressures of the discharge valve.
Furthermore, a damper is mounted on the pressure release device and connected with the communicating pipe, the damper can be detached and replaced or the damping size can be adjusted, the damper can further obstruct the flowing of the flowable medium, so that the energy can be dissipated more stably and reliably, and the energy absorption amount and sensitivity can also be adjusted by replacing the damper or adjusting the damping size of the damper.
The limiting rod comprises a head, a bearing disc, a compression rod and a bottom, wherein the cross section of the head is non-circular, the head penetrates through the non-circular hole of the mounting head so as to limit the freedom degree of the mounting head in rotation around the axial direction, the bearing disc is in contact with the lower end face of the mounting head and is used for transmitting motion, the compression rod can freely shorten in size when being pressed, the limiting rod can freely stretch and contract only in collision, namely the motion direction of the mounting head, and the rest directions show rigidity, so that the limiting rod only plays a position limiting role so as to enable the mounting head to move along a preset direction and does not participate in energy absorption; the limiting rod is installed on the bottom plate through the bottom.
The energy absorption device comprises a base plate, a transmission rod and an expansion rod, and is characterized by further comprising a limiting device, wherein the limiting device is arranged on the base plate and is used for restricting the motion directions of the transmission rod and the expansion rod, so that the transmission rod and the expansion rod can only move along a preset direction, and the transmission and energy absorption are more stable and reliable.
Further, the anti-collision device comprises a friction reducing device, wherein the friction reducing device is arranged at one or more positions of the mounting head, the transmission rod and the telescopic rod and is used for reducing friction force and transmitting and bearing impact force during the movement of the mounting head, the transmission rod and the telescopic rod, energy generated by collision can be transmitted to the energy releasing device as far as possible by reducing the friction force without damaging a transmission part, and the number and the mounting position of the friction reducing device can be determined according to the specific structure of the anti-collision device.
The energy-saving device further comprises a baffle plate, the baffle plate is mounted on the bottom plate and used for bearing the inclination force of the mounting head, the baffle plate can show flexibility in the collision direction, rigidity in other directions can also show rigidity in all directions, and energy generated by collision can be transmitted to the energy release device as much as possible through the baffle plate without damaging other parts, particularly the limiting rod.
Further, the fire extinguishing device further comprises an extension part, the extension part is installed at the tail end of the pressure release device and is communicated with the communicating pipe, the extension part can be a container used for storing overflowed flowable media, the extension part can also be a pipe used for supplying the overflowed flowable media to an external system, and the extension part can be used as a signal for realizing a protection effect or extinguishing fire, cooling and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the utility model provides a novel energy-absorbing buffer stop of switching-over, its energy that will collide the production transmits for transfer line and telescopic link through the installation head, and the volume that holds the chamber can be sealed to last compression energy release device for its inside flowable medium overflows through pressure release device under the condition of being hindered, thereby the energy that the dissipation collision produced. The device converts impact motion in the impact direction into energy absorption motion in other directions through a connecting rod motion mechanism, and absorbs and dissipates energy generated by impact through arranging a proper number of energy release devices, so that the protected piece is prevented from being damaged in the collision. Compared with the prior device, all parts of the invention have stronger rigidity, and the volume of the sealable cavity of the energy release device can not be changed under the normal condition, so that the whole device has stronger rigidity, and can keep the self and protected pieces in more stable shapes and positions under the normal working condition; the invention adopts a motion reversing scheme, utilizes the connecting rods to transmit motion and change the motion direction, the occupied space of the connecting rods is small, the change of the motion direction further releases the space, and simultaneously the number of the connecting rod groups and the energy release devices as well as the angle and the position between the connecting rod groups and the energy release devices can be adjusted according to the actual installation space; because a plurality of energy release devices can be arranged, the damper with large damping and the flowable medium with high viscosity can be replaced, and meanwhile, the reversing characteristic enables the energy release devices to adjust the volume of the energy release devices on the premise of not interfering the installation space of external parts, the whole device can absorb the energy generated by violent collision of a large-mass object even if the volume of the whole device is small; the energy release device adopts a scheme of fluid blocked overflow energy consumption, and the initial state can be recovered by refilling the medium, so that the whole device can be repeatedly used, the use cost is reduced, and the recovery time of the device is shortened; by replacing the discharge valve with different opening pressures or adjusting the opening and closing pressures of the discharge valve, replacing the damper with different damping or adjusting the damping magnitude of the damper and injecting flowable media with different viscosities, the load, the energy absorption amount and the sensitivity of the energy absorption protection effect of the anti-collision device can be controlled, so that the mounted whole device can adapt to different collision environments only after replacing some external parts or properly adjusting the external parts, and the parts are easy to replace or adjust, thereby greatly improving the practicability and the universality of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of four sets of symmetrical energy absorbing structures of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of an energy absorber assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the stop lever of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the mounting head of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a single set of unbaffled energy absorbing structures of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an energy absorbing structure with a single retractable baffle according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an energy absorbing structure with a single set of fixed baffles according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a two-component balanced energy absorbing structure of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a two-component unbalanced energy absorbing structure of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a narrow slit application scenario of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an application scenario for internal protection according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario for use with the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings: 100: a mounting head, 2: telescopic rod, 3: stop device, 4: charge and discharge device, 500: pressure relief device, 6: a base plate, 700: gag lever post, 8: protected member, 9: friction reduction device, 10: energy release device, 11: drive rod, 12: compression member, 13: baffle, 14: anticollision roof beam, 101: intermediate, 102: connector, 501: communication pipe, 502: damper, 503: bleed valve, 504: extension member, 701: head, 702: bearing disc, 703: compression bar, 704: a bottom portion.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection, physical connection or wireless communication connection; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device shown in fig. 1-12 comprises a mounting head 100, a transmission rod 11, a telescopic rod 2, an energy release device 10, a charging and discharging device 4 and a pressure release device 500 which are mounted on the energy release device 10, and the like. Wherein the mounting head 100 is composed of a middle body 101 and a connecting body 102, the energy release device 10 has a sealable cavity which can change the volume along with the movement of the compression element 12, and the sealable cavity of the energy release device 10 is filled with a flowable medium.
The pressure release device 500 comprises a communicating pipe 501 and a discharge valve 503 which is installed on the communicating pipe 501 and can be detached and replaced or the opening and closing pressure of which can be adjusted, wherein the discharge valve 503 is opened only when the flowable medium reaches a certain pressure, and the discharge valve 503 is closed when the pressure is smaller than the preset value, when the reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device can bear huge impact and the flow resistance provided by the discharge valve 503 is not enough to dissipate the energy generated by the impact, a damper 502 is required to be additionally installed on the pressure release device 500, the damper 502 is connected with the communicating pipe 501, and when the flowable medium flows through the damper 502 due to the reduction of the volume of the sealable cavity of the energy-absorbing device 10, the flowable medium is hindered by the damper 502, so that the energy is dissipated.
In order to enable an anti-collision device to adapt to working environments with different collision degrees, the damper 502 and the discharge valve 503 can be detached, replaced or adjusted, the pressure release device 500 is communicated with the sealable containing cavity of the energy release device 10 through the communicating pipe 501, the charging and discharging device 4 is also communicated with the sealable containing cavity, and the charging and discharging device is used for charging a flowable medium into the sealable containing cavity.
The mounting head 100 is hinged to one end of the transmission rod 11 through the connecting body 102, the other end of the transmission rod 11 is hinged to the telescopic rod 2, and the tail end of the telescopic rod 2 is connected to the compressing component 12 in the energy release device 10 and can drive the compressing component 12 to move, so that the volume of the sealable cavity of the energy release device 10 is changed, and the energy release device 10 is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 6.
The mounting head 100 is supported by the transmission rod 11 with an initial spacing from the base plate 6, which is adjustable according to the actual installation space, so that in the event of a crash, the energy release device 10 is driven by compressing this distance to absorb energy, the mounting head 100, the transmission rod 11 and the telescopic rod 2 being in relative movement with the compression element 12 via the base plate 6. The base plate 6 is not necessarily a separate component as the component mounting platform, and the protected member may be the base plate 6 as long as the platform that performs the component mounting function is the base plate 6, for example, when the present invention is mounted on the protected member.
To ensure that the movement of the mounting head 100 caused by the impact can be transmitted to the compression member 12 of the energy releasing device 10, the mounting head 100, the transmission rod 11, the telescopic rod 2 and the compression member 12 need to have proper angular and positional relationships so as to enable a continuous and stable transmission relationship from the mounting head 100 to the compression member 12. On the basis of satisfying the above-described stable transmission condition, the compression direction of the compression member 12 and the direction of the impact by the mounting head 100 may be at any angle to realize the switching of the impact direction, thereby flexibly arranging the present invention at a position where the mounting space is limited. Taking the installation relationship between the installation head 100 and the compression component 12 in fig. 1 as an example, that is, the impact motion in the vertical direction is converted into the energy absorbing motion in the horizontal direction, and the telescopic rod 2 and the energy releasing device 10 are both horizontally arranged along the bottom plate 6, it is required that the initial included angle between the transmission rod 11 and the bottom plate 6 is greater than zero degrees but less than ninety degrees, so that the transmission rod 11 can generate a motion component along the bottom plate 6, thereby driving the telescopic rod 2 to move outwards, and further driving the compression component 12 to reduce the volume of the sealable cavity of the energy releasing device 10. When the compression direction of the compression member 12 of the energy release device 10 and the impact direction of the mounting head 100 are at other angles, the angles and the positional relationships among the mounting head 100, the transmission rod 11, the telescopic rod 2 and the compression member 12 are also adjusted accordingly.
In order to ensure that the mounting head 100 moves in the impact direction to better absorb the energy generated by the impact, a limiting rod 700 is mounted in the impact direction, and the limiting rod 700 is composed of a head 701, a force bearing disk 702, a compression rod 703, a bottom 704 and the like. The cross section of the head 701 is non-circular, the head 701 penetrates through a non-circular hole of the middle body 101 of the mounting head 100, the shape and the size of the head 701 and the non-circular hole are matched, the bearing disc 702 is in contact with the lower end face of the middle body 101, the cross section of the compression rod 703 is also non-circular, and the upper end face of the compression rod is connected with the bearing disc 702. The compression bar 703 is free to shorten in size when compressed and is only capable of freely telescoping in the direction of impact, i.e., movement of the mounting head 100, and exhibits rigidity in the remaining directions. The lower end of the compression bar 703 is connected to a base 704, and the base 704 is fixedly mounted to the base plate 6.
Due to the non-circular nature of the head 701, the middle body 101 and the compression rod 703, the mounting head 100 cannot rotate around the compression direction, i.e. the collision direction, which prevents the transmission rod 11 and the telescopic rod 2 from twisting during the collision process, thereby improving the stability of transmission and energy absorption, and the compression rod 703 can be pertinently reinforced in the direction of the oblique force, as shown in fig. 5. Meanwhile, in order to avoid the situation that the parts of the protected piece and the protection device are damaged due to severe collision exceeding the design value, a crumple groove can be formed in the compression rod 703, as shown in fig. 3, the crumple groove can induce the compression rod 703 to perform crumple energy absorption, so that the protected piece is protected by damaging the structure of the compression rod 703 under the extreme working condition, and meanwhile, the situation that the protected piece is damaged due to the fact that the compression rod 703 cannot be pressed downwards due to clamping stagnation can be avoided.
In order to further limit the motion direction of the transmission rod 11 and the telescopic rod 2 and realize stable motion transmission, a limiting device 3 is added, and the limiting device 3 is also arranged on the bottom plate 6. On the premise of not influencing the normal movement of the transmission rod 11 and the telescopic rod 2, the limiting device 3 restricts the movement range and the movement direction of the transmission rod 11 and the telescopic rod 2 through the structures such as the grooves and the through holes which are adaptive to the shapes and the sizes of the transmission rod 11 and the telescopic rod 2, so that the transmission rod 11 and the telescopic rod 2 can only move along the preset direction, as shown in fig. 1. The limiting device 3 can be separately arranged on the transmission rod 11 and the telescopic rod 2 at the same time, and when the installation space is limited, the limiting requirement is not high, or the movement interference exists, one of the limiting device and the telescopic rod can be selected for installation.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to realize the conversion of the impact direction, the present invention adopts a link transmission manner, when the transmission rod 11 and the telescopic rod 2 are not in the same straight line, the force and the movement of the transmission rod 11 are transmitted to the telescopic rod 2 in a component manner, and the part of the force and the movement which is not transmitted to the telescopic rod 2 is transmitted to the bottom plate 6. Similarly, when the direction of the impact, i.e., the direction of movement of the mounting head 100, is not in line with the transmission rod 11, the force and movement generated by the impact are also transmitted to the transmission rod 11 in the form of components, if the arrangement of the transmission rod 11 is not symmetrical at this time, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, and the component of the force and movement that is not transmitted to the transmission rod 11 is transmitted to the flap 13. The combination of "force", "motion" and "non-smooth surface" creates friction forces that affect the transmission of the impact energy of the mounting head 100 to the energy release means 10, resulting in an unintended dissipation of energy and even structural damage to the entire energy-absorbing bumper, and thus friction reducing means 9 are provided at both locations, as shown in fig. 1, 5 and 7. The friction reducing device 9 can be installed at one or more of the mounting head 100, the transmission rod 11 and the telescopic rod 2, the friction reducing device 9 can be a roller or a device capable of reducing friction and bearing impact force such as a rail slider, and is used for reducing friction and transmitting and bearing impact force during the movement of the mounting head 100, the transmission rod 11 and the telescopic rod 2, and when the friction reducing device 9 is a device with a limiting function such as a rail slider, the friction reducing device can replace the limiting device 3 and play roles of reducing friction and limiting.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the arrangement of the transmission rods 11 is unbalanced, the mounting head 100 tilts to the side without the transmission rods 11 during the collision, and when the force generated by the collision is too large, the tilting of the mounting head 100 cannot be prevented by only the stopper rod 700, the baffle 13 needs to be added. The flapper 13 is mounted on the base plate 6, and the flapper 13 is in contact with the friction reducing device 9 mounted on the mounting head 100 for receiving the tilting force of the mounting head 100. When the shutter 13 affects the movement of the mounting head 100, the shutter 13 may be configured to exhibit flexibility in the collision direction and rigidity in the remaining directions, and to increase in size in the force receiving direction to reinforce the structural strength, as shown in fig. 6; the energy-absorbing bumper can also be arranged to exhibit rigidity in all directions when the baffle 13 does not interfere with the movement of the mounting head 100, for example, when the energy-absorbing bumper is mounted on the edge of a protected member, as shown in fig. 7.
In order to collect the overflowing flowable medium after absorbing energy by collision, prevent the flowable medium from polluting other components, or transmit the overflowing flowable medium to an external system as a collision occurrence signal, or directly use the overflowing flowable medium in scenes such as fire extinguishing, temperature reduction and the like, an extension component 504 can be installed at the end of the pressure relief device 500. The extension member 504 is connected to the connection pipe 501, and it can be seen from the above description that the extension member 504 can be a container for storing the overflowing flowable medium, or a pipe for supplying the overflowing flowable medium to an external system.
A typical working process of the whole novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device is as follows: according to the specific installation environment and the intensity of possible collision, the proper number of components such as the transmission rod 11, the telescopic rod 2 and the energy release device 10 are selected, the angular relationship among the components is determined, then the discharge valve 503 with proper opening pressure and the damper 502 with proper damping are selected, a certain amount of flowable medium with proper viscosity is injected into the energy release device 10, and after the whole energy absorption and collision prevention device is installed, the protected piece can be protected against collision.
When collision occurs, the motion and energy generated by the collision are transmitted to the mounting head 100 through a collided object, the mounting head 100 moves along the collision direction, the transmission rod 11 moves along with the motion of the mounting head 100, the motion of the transmission rod 11 is also transmitted to the telescopic rod 2 in a component form, the telescopic rod 2 further drives the compression component 12 to reduce the volume of the sealable cavity of the energy release device 10, so that the pressure of the flowable medium in the cavity rises rapidly, when the pressure reaches the opening pressure of the discharge valve 503, the discharge valve 503 is opened, the flowable medium passes through the damper 502 and the discharge valve 503 at high speed, the energy is dissipated by the resistance of the damper 502 and the discharge valve 503 in the flowing process, and the flowable medium flowing out of the discharge valve 503 enters the extension component 504, can be stored and can also be supplied to an external system for use.
When the collision is over and the compression part 12 is no longer moving, the discharge valve 503 is closed, the flowable medium does not overflow, the limiting rod 700 and the limiting device 3 restrict the moving range of the mounting head 100, the transmission rod 11 and the telescopic rod 2 in the whole effective process of the device, so that the transmission and energy absorption process is more stable, and the friction reducing device 9 also reduces the friction force to make the transmission more stable. When the energy-absorbing anti-collision device needs to be recovered, a certain amount of flowable media can be filled in the energy-absorbing anti-collision device through the charging and discharging device 4. In particular, the working process is only a typical working process of the working processes of the invention, and the actual process can be adjusted according to requirements.
It can be seen from the above working process that the energy generated by the collision is transmitted to the transmission rod 11 and the telescopic rod 2 through the mounting head 100 by the reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device, and finally the volume of the cavity can be sealed by compressing the energy-releasing device 10 through the compressing component 12, so that the flowable medium in the cavity overflows through the pressure-releasing device 500 under the condition of being blocked, and the energy generated by the collision is absorbed. The device converts impact motion in the impact direction into energy-absorbing motion in other directions through a link mechanism, and absorbs energy generated by the impact through arranging a proper number of energy-releasing devices 10, thereby preventing the protected piece from being damaged in the collision.
Compared with the prior device, all parts of the invention have stronger rigidity, and the volume of the sealable cavity of the energy release device 10 can not be changed under the normal condition, so that the whole device has stronger rigidity, and can keep the self and protected pieces in more stable shapes and positions under the normal working condition; the invention adopts a motion reversing scheme, utilizes the connecting rods to transmit motion and change the motion direction, the occupied space of the connecting rods is small, the change of the motion direction further releases the space, and simultaneously the number of the connecting rod groups and the energy release devices 10 as well as the angle and the position between the connecting rod groups and the energy release devices can be adjusted according to the actual installation space, as shown in figure 9 and other legends, and the invention is very suitable for modularized assembly, so the invention is especially suitable for scenes with limited impact direction distance, complex space and the like; because a plurality of energy release devices 10 can be arranged, the opening pressure of the discharge valve 503 can be very high, the damper 502 with large damping can be replaced or the damping of the damper can be increased, and a flowable medium with very high viscosity can be used, and meanwhile, the reversing characteristic enables the energy release devices 10 to adjust the volume of the energy release devices on the premise of not interfering the installation space of external parts, so that the energy generated by violent collision of a large-mass object can be absorbed even if the volume of the whole device is small; the energy release device 10 adopts a scheme of fluid blocked overflow energy consumption, and the initial state can be recovered by refilling the medium, so that the whole device can be repeatedly used without replacing parts, the use cost is reduced, and the recovery time of the device is shortened; by replacing the discharge valve 503 with different opening pressures or adjusting the opening and closing pressures thereof, replacing the damper 502 with different damping or adjusting the damping magnitude thereof and injecting flowable media with different viscosities, the load, the energy absorption amount and the sensitivity of the energy absorption protection effect of the anti-collision device can be controlled, so that the mounted whole device can adapt to different collision environments only after replacing some external parts, and the parts are easy to replace, thereby greatly improving the practicability and the universality of the invention.
As shown in fig. 10 to 12, three application scenarios of the energy-absorbing and reversing impact-absorbing device are respectively shown, but the three application scenarios are only some typical application scenarios among many application scenarios of the present invention. As shown in fig. 10, in a narrow slit application scenario, the distance between the two protected members 8 is small and needs to be fixed, if the method of filling with the elastic material is adopted, it cannot be guaranteed that the two protected members 8 can be kept still when being subjected to slight shaking, and if the method of using the crumpling material is adopted, the crumpling distance is too small, so that if the strength of the crumpling structure is too high, the protected members 8 may be damaged and the crumpling energy absorption effect is not effective, and if the strength of the crumpling structure is too low, the energy cannot be dissipated after collision because the crumpling distance is too short. The invention still has the adjustable three parameters of the opening pressure of the discharge valve 503, the damping size of the damper 502 and the viscosity of the flowable medium after the whole device is installed, can easily find out the proper parameter combination, and can absorb the large energy generated by the collision of the large-mass object even if the self volume is smaller or the collapse distance is very small, so the invention can well solve the problems.
In the case of a central protection application, as shown in fig. 11, a structure needs to be provided directly above the protected member 8 to provide protection, and the present invention can be used in this case due to the open space created by the rod transmission structure.
Fig. 12 shows an application scenario of the two energy-absorbing reversing impact absorbers in cooperation, one impact beam 14 connects the two energy-absorbing reversing impact absorbers together, impact occurs on the impact beam 14 and is transmitted to the two energy-absorbing reversing impact absorbers, but the application scenario is only one of many cooperation use scenarios of the invention, other appropriate numbers and appropriate forms of cooperation use can be performed according to needs, and other accessories can be added to enrich and enhance the purposes of the invention.
In a word, the invention has the advantages of high rigidity, various and flexible structural forms, capability of absorbing large collision energy when the volume is smaller, reusability, quick recovery, capability of conveniently adjusting the sensitivity of energy absorption and the size of the energy absorption so as to deal with the collisions in various degrees, and the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device is characterized by comprising an installation head (100) and a transmission rod (11) hinged with the installation head (100), wherein the other end of the transmission rod (11) is hinged with a telescopic rod (2), the tail end of the telescopic rod (2) is connected with a compression part (12) of an energy release device (10), the energy release device (10) is provided with an inflation and deflation device (4) and a pressure release device (500), and the energy release device (10) is fixedly installed on a bottom plate (6);
the angle and relative position relation among the mounting head (100), the transmission rod (11), the telescopic rod (2) and the compression component (12) can enable the mounting head (100) and the compression component (12) to form a continuous and stable transmission relation, and on the premise of stable transmission, the compression direction of the compression component (12) and the direction of the impacted movement of the mounting head (100) can be at any angle, so that the impact direction and the energy absorption direction can be randomly arranged, and the mounting head can be flexibly mounted at a position with limited space;
the energy release device (10) is provided with a sealable cavity which can change the volume along with the movement of the compression part (12), and a flowable medium is filled in the sealable cavity;
the pressure release device (500) and the charging and discharging device (4) are communicated with the sealed cavity of the energy release device (10), the pressure release device (500) comprises a communication pipe (501) and a discharge valve (503) which is installed on the communication pipe (501) and can be detached, replaced or adjusted to be opened and closed, the discharge valve (503) is opened only when the flowable medium exceeds a certain pressure, and the discharge valve (503) is closed when the pressure is smaller than the opening value.
2. The novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressure release device (500) is provided with a damper (502), the damper (502) is connected with the communicating pipe (501), and the damper (502) can be detached and replaced or the damping size can be adjusted.
3. The novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mounting head structure comprises a mounting head (100), and is characterized by further comprising a limiting rod (700), wherein the limiting rod (700) comprises a head (701), a force bearing disc (702), a compression rod (703) and a bottom (704), the cross section of the head (701) is non-circular, the head (701) penetrates through a non-circular hole of the mounting head (100), the shapes and the sizes of the head (701) and the non-circular hole are matched, the force bearing disc (702) is in contact with the lower end face of the mounting head (100), the compression rod (703) can freely shorten the size when being pressed, the limiting rod (700) can freely stretch and contract only in collision, namely the moving direction of the mounting head (100), and the rest directions show rigidity; the limiting rod (700) is installed on the bottom plate (6) through the bottom (704).
4. The novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device is characterized by further comprising a limiting device (3), wherein the limiting device (3) is installed on the bottom plate (6), and the limiting device (3) is used for restraining the motion directions of the transmission rod (11) and the telescopic rod (2), so that the transmission rod (11) and the telescopic rod (2) can only move along a preset direction.
5. The novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mounting head further comprises a friction reducing device (9), wherein the friction reducing device (9) is arranged at one or more positions of the mounting head (100), the transmission rod (11) and the telescopic rod (2) and is used for reducing friction and transmitting and bearing impact force during the movement process of the mounting head (100), the transmission rod (11) and the telescopic rod (2).
6. The novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mounting head further comprises a baffle (13), the baffle (13) is mounted on the base plate (6), the baffle (13) is used for bearing the inclination force of the mounting head (100), and the baffle (13) can show flexibility in the collision direction and rigidity in other directions or rigidity in all directions.
7. The novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device further comprises an extension part (504), the extension part (504) is installed at the tail end of the pressure release device (500) and is communicated with the communication pipe (501), the extension part (504) can be a container used for storing overflowed flowable media, and the extension part (504) can also be a pipe used for supplying the overflowed flowable media to an external system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111509700.XA CN114151494A (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111509700.XA CN114151494A (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Novel reversing energy-absorbing anti-collision device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114800056A (en) * | 2022-04-30 | 2022-07-29 | 徐德富 | Method for machining and mounting high-form-position precision part |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114800056A (en) * | 2022-04-30 | 2022-07-29 | 徐德富 | Method for machining and mounting high-form-position precision part |
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