CN114151384A - Turbofan engine and casing thereof - Google Patents
Turbofan engine and casing thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114151384A CN114151384A CN202010928724.8A CN202010928724A CN114151384A CN 114151384 A CN114151384 A CN 114151384A CN 202010928724 A CN202010928724 A CN 202010928724A CN 114151384 A CN114151384 A CN 114151384A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- casing
- reinforcing
- reinforcing wire
- wire
- fan
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- Pending
Links
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/403—Casings; Connections of working fluid especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
- F04D29/023—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
Abstract
The casing comprises a casing body and a single-layer or multi-layer reinforcing metal wire arranged around the circumferential direction of the casing body; in the forming process of the casing, a first part of the casing main body is formed by adopting an additive manufacturing process, and a second part of the casing main body is formed by continuously utilizing the additive manufacturing process on the basis of paving the reinforcing metal wire on the first part; the casing body material is lower in density and strength than the reinforcing wire, respectively. A turbofan engine including the case is also provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a turbofan engine and a casing thereof.
Background
The fan containing casing (fan casing for short) of the turbofan engine not only provides an inlet channel for air passing through the fan, but also plays a certain protection role for the fan blades, and has a containing role for the fan blade fragments in order to prevent the fan blades from being broken due to failure and even flying out to cause airplane crash and casualties.
With the increasing of the bypass ratio and thrust-weight ratio of the aero-engine, the proportion of the weight of the fan containing the casing and even the fan end in the whole engine is also increased continuously. The main function of the fan casing is to provide containment capability for broken fan blades, and at the same time, as one of the parts with the largest weight in the aircraft engine, the weight index is also the subject of design emphasis. The earliest containing casing adopts a single metal structure which is bulky and heavy, and from the 70 th century, with the gradual maturity of the carbon fiber composite material technology, various novel containing technologies appear in many times, and the aero-engine is expected to become lighter and have higher fuel efficiency. For example, the CFM56 series engine containing casing is formed by welding 3 circular rings made of 17-4PH stainless steel and 12 reinforcing ribs. Later, aluminum alloy materials are also adopted for engines, but the casings are heavy, the assembly and the fuel consumption are high, and the weight of the metal-contained casings in the turbofan engine with a large bypass ratio is usually more than 300 kg.
With the development of composite materials, aramid fibers are widely used on fan containing casings with excellent mechanical properties, elongation at break and impact resistance, so as to reduce the weight of an engine. CF6 and GE90 of GE company, PW4084 of Puhui company and T800, T900 and T1000 of Roro company all adopt aramid fiber fabric containing structures, the specific structure is that a plurality of criss-cross deep grooves are milled on an aluminum alloy casing, then a plurality of layers of aramid fiber fabrics are wound on the aluminum alloy casing, and finally resin is used for coating the aluminum alloy casing, but the casing structure is lower than an all-metal structure in weight, but the thickness is usually thicker, so that the overall radius size of an engine is increased, and external accessories of the engine cannot be arranged on the fan casing, so that certain difficulty is brought to the overall structural design of the aero-engine.
With the continuous development of composite material systems and manufacturing technologies, GE began to develop full composite material fan blades from the 70 th of the 20 th century, and was equipped on GE90 engines in the 90 th of the 20 th century, so as to create conditions for full composite material fan casings. The composite case has higher containment efficiency for the composite fan blade, and therefore has a greater reduction in weight, but the problems of case thickness and inability to mount external accessories still remain.
Disclosure of Invention
On the one hand, the invention provides a casing which has the characteristics of light weight and enhanced containing capability.
In another aspect, a turbofan engine is provided having the aforementioned case.
A casing according to the one aspect, which includes a casing body, and a single-layer or multi-layer reinforcing wire around a circumferential direction of the casing body; in the forming process of the casing, a first part of the casing main body is formed by adopting an additive manufacturing process, and a second part of the casing main body is formed by continuously utilizing the additive manufacturing process on the basis of paving the reinforcing metal wire on the first part; the casing body material is lower in density and strength than the reinforcing wire, respectively.
In one embodiment, the reinforcing wire is helically wound inside the casing body.
In one embodiment, the reinforcing wire is wound annularly inside the casing body.
In one embodiment, the ring shape is perpendicular or oblique to the axis of the case.
In one embodiment, a plurality of said reinforcing wires are laid parallel to each other or arranged in a cross-mesh.
In one embodiment, the casing body is made of an aluminum alloy material, and the reinforcing wire is made of a titanium alloy material.
In one embodiment, the casing body is made of a titanium alloy material, and the reinforcing wire is made of a steel material.
In one embodiment, the cross-section of the reinforcing wire is circular, elliptical, square, or polygonal without square.
In one embodiment, a fan case or a high pressure compressor case.
In one embodiment, the case includes a plurality of layers of reinforcing wire that are wound in respective layers during formation of the case using an additive manufacturing process to layer the printer case body.
The turbofan engine according to the another aspect includes a casing employing any one of the casings.
On the basis of a traditional casing structure, aiming at the blade impact load characteristics mainly in the radial direction and the circumferential direction, a single layer or multiple layers of reinforcing metal wires are paved in the casing to reinforce the specific dimensionality, the reinforcing metal wires and the casing body are combined through an additive manufacturing process, the combination is tight, the failure is difficult to occur under the impact load, the problem that the combination surface is influenced by vibration does not exist, the capacity of the fan casing for containing the impact load of the broken blade is enhanced, materials with other secondary loading dimensionalities are saved, and the purposes of optimizing material distribution and reducing the weight of the casing structure are achieved.
Drawings
The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a turbofan engine.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a distribution of reinforcing wires in a magazine body.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of another distribution of reinforcing wires in the magazine body.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a step in the additive manufacturing process to form a casing.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of another step of the additive manufacturing process to form the case.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of yet another step of the additive manufacturing process to form the case.
Detailed Description
The following discloses many different embodiments or examples for implementing the subject technology described. Specific examples of components and arrangements are described below to simplify the present disclosure, but these are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the turbofan engine includes a fan section 1, a supercharging section 2, a high pressure compressor section 3, a combustion chamber section 4, and a turbine section 5. After being discharged from the combustion section 4, the high-temperature high-energy gas passes through the high-pressure turbine and the low-pressure turbine of the turbine section 5 in sequence to drive the high-pressure turbine rotor and the low-pressure turbine rotor to rotate. The high-pressure turbine rotor drives the high-pressure compressor section 3 at the front end to work, and the low-pressure turbine rotor drives the supercharging section 2 and the fan section 1 to work.
The fan section 1 comprises fan blades 12 and a fan casing 11, and after a fan blade disc 12 breaks, the fan casing 11 provides containment capability for the broken fan blades. The fan case 11 is also referred to hereinafter as the case 11 for the sake of simplicity.
As shown in fig. 2, the casing 11 includes a casing body 111, and a single-layer or multi-layer reinforcing wire 112 around the circumference of the casing body 22.
The casing body 111 serves as a base of the casing 11 and is made of a lightweight metal material. The reinforcing wire 112 is made of a high-strength material as a reinforcing structure. The casing body material is lower in density and strength than the reinforcing wires, respectively. In one embodiment, the shaft, the casing body 111 is made of an aluminum alloy material, and the reinforcing wires 112 are made of a titanium alloy material, such as TC 4.
One way to implement the case 11 is to use a 3D printing-filament laying-3D printing distribution process. In the forming process of the casing, a first part of the casing main body is formed by adopting an additive manufacturing process, and a second part of the casing main body is formed by continuously utilizing the additive manufacturing process on the basis of paving a reinforcing metal wire on the first part. The first portion and the second portion are not necessarily all of the casing body 111, and may be a part of the casing body 111. The wire laying or laying comprises laying or winding the formed reinforcing metal wire, and also comprises adopting a powder feeding process in the double-material additive manufacturing process, rapidly switching two kinds of powder feeding powder at different processing positions of the casing through program control, and forming the reinforcing metal wire 112 while forming the casing main body 111.
Fig. 2 and 3 show different diameters and different distribution densities of the reinforcing wire. The diameter and distribution form of the alloy wires can be adjusted according to the impact load characteristics of the fan casing after the fan blade is broken, and the reinforcing metal wires include, but are not limited to, the two distribution forms shown in the figure.
In one embodiment, the reinforcing wire is helically wound inside the casing body 111. In another embodiment, the reinforcing wire 112 is wound in a loop inside the casing body 111. The impact load direction of the blades is mainly radial and circumferential, and the annular distribution mode can also effectively enhance the containing capacity of the casing.
There are also variations or more detailed designs of the lay-up of the reinforcing wires 112, for example, in yet another embodiment, the annular reinforcing wires 112 are perpendicular or inclined with respect to the axis of the casing. In yet another embodiment, the plurality of reinforcing wires are laid parallel to each other or arranged in a net-like cross. As another example, the cross-section of the reinforcing wire may be circular, elliptical, square, or polygonal without square. The quantity and the spacing of the reinforcing metal wires can be adjusted according to the actual design of the containing capacity.
The foregoing embodiments are not limited to the fan casing, and are also applicable to a casing of a high-pressure compressor, and accordingly, the casing main body 111 is made of a titanium alloy material, and the reinforcing wire 112 is made of a steel material, but not limited thereto.
Fig. 4 to 6 show a molding process of the receiver. Fig. 4 shows a layer 113 of one inner turn of the casing, which already comprises the respective reinforcing wire 112. An annular groove 115 is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the layer 113. As shown in fig. 5, additional reinforcing wires 112 are wound or printed over the annular groove 115. As shown in fig. 6, after printing the newly added layers 114 of the cartridge body, thus layering the cartridge body, the reinforcing wires are wound layer by layer accordingly.
In the embodiment, the high-strength wire is embedded into the fan casing, so that the load stress form of the broken fan blade on the fan casing is more met, and the casing containing capacity can be enhanced. Through the structural optimization design of the high-strength wire and the casing body, the weight of the casing can be lighter. The fan casing has the advantages that at least part of technical problems mentioned in the background technology part are solved, the requirement of weight reduction of the fan casing can be met, and meanwhile, the fan casing is suitable for containing different types of fan blades such as metal, composite materials and the like.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in terms of the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the invention, and variations and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention, unless the technical essence of the present invention departs from the content of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The casing is characterized by comprising a casing body and a single-layer or multi-layer reinforcing metal wire which is arranged around the circumferential direction of the casing body;
in the forming process of the casing, a first part of the casing main body is formed by adopting an additive manufacturing process, and a second part of the casing main body is formed by continuously utilizing the additive manufacturing process on the basis of paving the reinforcing metal wire on the first part;
the casing body material is lower in density and strength than the reinforcing wire, respectively.
2. A casing according to claim 1, wherein said reinforcing wire is helically wound inside said casing body.
3. A casing according to claim 1, wherein said reinforcing wire is wound annularly inside said casing body.
4. A casing according to claim 3, wherein said annular shape is perpendicular or inclined with respect to the axis of the casing.
5. A casing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of said reinforcing wires are laid parallel to each other or arranged in a reticular cross.
6. A casing according to claim 1, wherein said casing body is of an aluminium alloy material and said reinforcing wire is of a titanium alloy material.
7. A casing according to claim 1, wherein said casing body is a titanium alloy material and said reinforcing wire is a steel material.
8. A casing according to claim 1, wherein said reinforcing wire has a cross-section of circular, oval, square or polygonal shape excluding square.
9. The casing of claim 1, being a fan casing or a high pressure compressor casing.
10. A casing according to claim 1, wherein the casing comprises a plurality of layers of reinforcing wire, the reinforcing wire being wound in respective layers of the printer casing body during formation of the casing using an additive manufacturing process.
11. Turbofan engine comprising a casing, characterized in that the casing is a casing according to any of claims 1 to 10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010928724.8A CN114151384A (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Turbofan engine and casing thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010928724.8A CN114151384A (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Turbofan engine and casing thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114151384A true CN114151384A (en) | 2022-03-08 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010928724.8A Pending CN114151384A (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Turbofan engine and casing thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114151384A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2037900A (en) * | 1978-12-21 | 1980-07-16 | Rolls Royce | Gas turbine casing |
| US20150167497A1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-18 | Techspace Aero S.A. | Composite Annular Casing Of A Compressor For A Turbo Machine |
| US20170297674A1 (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-10-19 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Fibre-reinforced metal component for an aircraft or spacecraft and production methods for fibre-reinforced metal components |
| CN109210003A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-15 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Fan contains casing and preparation method thereof |
| US20200224675A1 (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-16 | General Electric Company | Engine Casing Treatment for Reducing Circumferentially Variable Distortion |
-
2020
- 2020-09-07 CN CN202010928724.8A patent/CN114151384A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2037900A (en) * | 1978-12-21 | 1980-07-16 | Rolls Royce | Gas turbine casing |
| US20150167497A1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-18 | Techspace Aero S.A. | Composite Annular Casing Of A Compressor For A Turbo Machine |
| US20170297674A1 (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-10-19 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Fibre-reinforced metal component for an aircraft or spacecraft and production methods for fibre-reinforced metal components |
| CN109210003A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-15 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Fan contains casing and preparation method thereof |
| US20200224675A1 (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-16 | General Electric Company | Engine Casing Treatment for Reducing Circumferentially Variable Distortion |
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