CN114151169B

CN114151169B - Smoke-removing wave-eliminating flame-retardant device and underground protection engineering with same

Info

Publication number: CN114151169B
Application number: CN202111383160.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶立
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-11-22
Filing date: 2021-11-22
Publication date: 2024-01-23
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-22
Also published as: CN114151169A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underground protection engineering, and discloses a smoke-removing wave-eliminating flame-retardant device which comprises an outer box, an inner box, a smoke inlet pipe, a fixed plate and a movable plate; the inner box sets up in the outer box, the one end of advance the tobacco pipe is located the outer box outside, the other end passes the lateral wall of outer box after with the inner box intercommunication, the bottom open connection of fixed plate and inner box, and the inner wall extension to the outer box, the fixed plate has the interval with the bottom of outer box, the movable plate floatably sets up in the top of fixed plate, the fixed plate is opened there is a plurality of first gas pocket, the movable plate is opened there is a plurality of second gas pocket, and first gas pocket and second gas pocket are crisscross each other, when so that the movable plate sinks and the fixed plate contact, first gas pocket and second gas pocket shelter from the fluid flow in the sealed outer box each other, all be provided with the dust remover in the outer box and the inner box, the outer box is opened there is the exhaust port.

Description

Smoke-removing wave-eliminating flame-retardant device and underground protection engineering with same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underground protection engineering, in particular to a smoke-removing wave-eliminating flame-retardant device and an underground protection engineering with the same.

Background

Underground protective projects including, but not limited to, defense projects, civil defense projects, reconnaissance projects, communication projects, and underground power stations, water supply stations, and the like. The underground protection engineering involves oil-fired power stations including, but not limited to, internal combustion engines fuelled with gasoline, diesel, heavy oil. After the internal combustion engine unit is started, the temperature of the smoke reaches 400-600 ℃, after the smoke is discharged out of an underground protection project, a higher temperature difference is generated between the smoke and the periphery, the underground working condition is bad, the fuel combustion is insufficient, the traditional smoke and dust removing device has the defects, the smoke and ground air are combined, and flaky or flocculent black, blue and gray high-temperature smoke or white smoke is formed, so that a smoke outlet is exposed, and the safety and confidentiality of the project are affected. In addition, power stations in cities have poor smoke removal treatment and also pollute the environment and harm the health of operators and nearby residents.

The existing dust removal and wave elimination facilities arranged in underground protection engineering have the problems of relatively single function, need of peace fight conversion, weak defense Wen Yaneng and the like. Taking civil air defense engineering power stations as an example, some dust collectors have uneven efficiency, no shock wave prevention performance, some wave absorbers have relatively single functions, the combustion (explosion) prevention performance is insufficient, and some damage such as combustion prevention is basically not considered.

Therefore, it is necessary to design a device with smoke and wave eliminating function, which can effectively prevent the damage of combustion, low-pressure quick combustion and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a smoke-removing wave-absorbing flame-retardant device which has the functions of removing smoke particles of an underground protection engineering fuel oil unit, eliminating the inward attack of shock waves along a smoke exhaust pipeline, blocking the propagation of combustion through the smoke exhaust pipeline and the like, can be integrated into a peacetime and war, keeps the operation of the fuel oil unit reliable, improves the camouflage protection capability of an underground fuel oil power station, and effectively solves the damages such as combustion, low-pressure quick combustion and the like in the prior art.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an underground protection project with smoke-removing wave-absorbing fire-retarding device.

The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a smoke-removing wave-eliminating flame-retardant device comprises an outer box, an inner box, a smoke inlet pipe, a fixed plate and a movable plate; the inner box is arranged in the outer box, one end of the smoke inlet pipe is positioned at the outer side of the outer box, the other end of the smoke inlet pipe penetrates through the side wall of the outer box and then is communicated with the inner box, the fixed plate is connected with the bottom end opening of the inner box and extends to the inner wall of the outer box, the fixed plate is spaced from the bottom of the outer box, the movable plate is floatably arranged above the fixed plate, a plurality of first air holes are formed in the fixed plate, a plurality of second air holes are formed in the movable plate, the first air holes and the second air holes are staggered with each other, so that when the movable plate sinks to contact with the fixed plate, the first air holes and the second air holes mutually shield and seal fluid flow in the outer box, dust removing liquid is arranged in the outer box and the inner box, and a smoke outlet is formed in the outer box.

Further, the inner box comprises a main box body and a box neck which are connected up and down, the main box body is in a shape of an inverted circular table with a large upper part and a small lower part, the box neck is cylindrical, the lower edge of the box neck is connected with a fixed plate, and the movable plate is sleeved on the periphery of the box neck.

Further, the first air holes are radially distributed along the center to the edge of the fixed plate, and the aperture and the interval are gradually increased; the distribution mode of the second air holes is the same as that of the first air holes, and the positions of the second air holes are staggered.

Further, the device also comprises a limiting mechanism; the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting column, the limiting column is fixed in the outer box, and the movable plate is floatably arranged along the limiting column so as to limit the floating height of the movable plate.

Further, the limiting mechanism further comprises a limiting spring and a limiting nut, the limiting nut is mounted at the head end of the limiting column, one end of the limiting spring is connected with the limiting nut, and the other end of the limiting spring is connected with the movable plate.

Further, the novel anti-theft device further comprises a limiting ring, the bottom end of the limiting column is mounted on a bottom plate of the outer box or a fixed plate, the movable plate is provided with a through hole for penetrating through the limiting column, the fixed plate is provided with a mounting hole for penetrating through or mounting the limiting column, and the limiting ring is sleeved on the limiting column and covers the through hole and the mounting hole.

Further, the device also comprises a suspension mechanism; the density of the movable plate is greater than that of the dust removing liquid, and the suspension mechanism comprises a suspension spring and a floating body; the floating body is positioned between the outer box and the inner box, the floating body is suspended on the surface of the dust removing liquid, and the floating body is connected with the movable plate through a suspension spring so as to drive the movable plate to float up and down.

Further, the smoke exhaust device further comprises a smoke exhaust diffusion chamber, the smoke exhaust port is formed in the side wall of the outer box, the smoke exhaust port is connected with the upper portion of the temporary wall on one side of the smoke exhaust diffusion chamber, the bottom of the side wall on the other side of the smoke exhaust diffusion chamber is provided with a discharge port, and the outer side of the discharge port is provided with a wave-absorbing mechanism capable of being opened and closed.

Further, the smoke inlet pipe is arranged obliquely downwards so as to avoid condensation backflow of tail smoke.

An underground protection project comprises the smoke-removing wave-eliminating flame-retardant device.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention reasonably distributes the internal space of the device, so that the device has three functions of smoke removal, wave elimination and flame retardance, and can keep stable operation of the fuel power station under severe working conditions. Under normal state, carry dirt tail cigarette entering this device, bathing in the lower part of outer case, get rid of the smoke and dust granule, clean flue gas is discharged through the space between outer case and the inner box, gets into the exhaust port, eliminates the pollution of flue gas to the environment, reduces simultaneously and discharges fume and exposes the sign. When in use, shock waves enter from the smoke outlet, and the outer box, the inner box, the dust removing liquid, the movable plate, the fixed plate and the like generate the functions of scattering, blocking, stagnation and elimination, thereby eliminating the dissipation shock waves. Meanwhile, the dust removing liquid with a flame retardant function is stored at the outer lower part, so that the combustion propagation can be effectively isolated.

2. The invention uses the immersion water bath mode to remove smoke dust, and has higher efficiency. After the unit is started, the smoke carries dust particles to enter the inner cavity box through the smoke diffuser, the change track is downward, part of particles with larger mass drop from the smoke and fall into the box neck, and are captured by the dust removing liquid. The flue gas goes forward and enters the dust removing liquid from top to bottom through the box body and the box neck, hydrophilic and heavier particles are captured, and the gas becomes smoke pillars and bubbles with different sizes. The flue gas changes the track and moves horizontally from inside to outside under the fixed plate, and particles wrapped in smoke pillars and bubbles are released and captured by the dust removing liquid. The smoke goes forward continuously, and encounters the first air hole to float and expand, the track is changed again, the smoke column bursts, the air bubbles recombine, and the smoke dust particles continue to fall off and are captured; the flue gas stirs the dust removal liquid, drives body, suspension spring, spacing spring, the irregular motion of movable plate wherein, further destroys gas column, bubble, gets rid of the tiny smoke and dust granule in the flue gas. Since the liquid molecular spacing is much smaller than the smoke molecules, the smoke escaping from the dust removal liquid will be free of solid particles. Clean flue gas is collected at the upper part of the outer box, baked by waste heat of the flue gas inlet pipe, enters the smoke outlet and is discharged out of the ground through the ground air port.

3. The invention can effectively eliminate the shock waves entering from the smoke outlet. When the shock wave comes, partial positive pressure enters through the smoke outlet, so that the pressure in the outer box is suddenly increased, the device automatically responds, active measures such as dispersion, blockage, stagnation, elimination and the like are adopted, and the entering shock wave is blocked, weakened, counteracted and dissipated. Firstly, the powder: because the top surface of the outer box is far larger than the section of the smoke outlet pipeline, the diffusion effect of the space is utilized to weaken the entering shock wave, and the peak value of the shock wave is reduced. Second, block up: the shock wave positive pressure promotes the dust removing liquid to enter the inner cavity from the lower part of the fixed plate, the floating body, the suspension spring and the movable plate move downwards along with the liquid, the movable plate and the fixed plate are laminated under the restraint of the box neck, the fixed plate and the limiting mechanism, the first air hole and the second air hole are sealed, the flow channel of the shock wave and the dust removing liquid is blocked, and the shock wave is interrupted to propagate inwards. The impact wave negative pressure which is generated along with the impact wave negative pressure pulls the dust removing liquid to flow upwards to drive the floating body, the suspension spring and the movable plate to move upwards, so that the flow channel of the impact wave and the dust removing liquid is pulled, and the smoke discharging requirement of the fuel unit is ensured. The device will then repeat the above actions if a shock wave is coming. Thirdly, stagnation: the impact wave peak value can be weakened, the impact wave action is delayed, and the impact wave destructive action is reduced by utilizing the compressibility of air in the outer box and the inner box, the viscosity of dust removing liquid, the elasticity of the suspension spring and the limit spring and the inertia of the outer box. Fourthly, eliminating. The propagation mechanisms of the shock waves in the gas and the liquid are different, part of negative pressure and positive pressure meet in the outer box, and part of energy is consumed by opposite impact; the outer box generates vibration, and weakens and dissipates the energy of the shock wave until the energy of the shock wave is finally eliminated under the combined action of the dust removing liquid, the shock absorber and the ground.

4. The invention utilizes the smoke exhaust driving operation of the fuel unit, and does not need extra power. The unit is started, and the high-temperature flue gas heats the air in the outer box through the smoke inlet pipe, so that the internal pressure is gradually increased, and the hot air is pushed to rise to enter the smoke outlet. Meanwhile, the tail pressure of the unit with hundreds of Pa pushes dust-carrying tail smoke to enter the device through a smoke exhaust pipe of the fuel engine, a muffler, a heat exchanger and a corrugated steel pipe, the dust-removing liquid at the lower part of the outer box is used for washing, and the dust-removing liquid enters a smoke outlet and an overground air outlet to be discharged through a space between the outer box and the inner box. When the smoke passes through, the dust removing liquid and the floating body, the suspension spring, the limit spring and the movable plate therein are driven to irregularly move, and the actions of smoke removal and dust removal are automatically completed.

5. The invention is provided with the limiting mechanism which interacts with other parts to ensure that the movable plate slides up and down within a set range and automatically opens and closes the flow channel of the shock wave and the dust removing liquid. The box neck and the limiting mechanism jointly restrict the movable plate, so that the movable plate can only vertically move up and down. And according to the use conditions, the compression springs are adjusted to the corresponding heights by rotating the limit nuts. The unit is started, tail smoke pushes the movable plate to ascend, the limiting spring is compressed, downward elastic force is generated, the movable plate stays in the dust removing liquid to do irregular movement, and smoke dust is removed. The impact wave comes at positive pressure, the movable plate is pushed to move downwards along with the dedusting liquid, the movable plate is closed with the fixed plate, and the flow channel of the impact wave and the dedusting liquid is closed. At this time, the limit spring is in a pulled-out state. Then, the impact wave negative pressure comes, the movable plate is pushed to move upwards along with the dedusting liquid, and the movable plate is separated from the fixed plate, so that a tail gas discharge channel is opened. At this time, the limit spring is gradually compressed and moves upwards until the limit spring is in the shortest state, and the limit spring and the movable plate are prevented from collapsing due to the pushing action of the limit nut. The impact wave positive pressure comes in again, and the limit spring and the dedusting liquid push the movable plate to move downwards and reciprocate until the energy of the impact wave is exhausted. Meanwhile, as the limiting mechanism is provided with the limiting ring, the accumulated smoke dust particles on the stop plate and the fixed plate are prevented from entering the limiting column, and the stable operation of the device is facilitated.

6. The invention is integrated with peace and war, and can meet the working requirement without conversion. The device adjusts the suspension spring, fills the dust removal liquid, and on the basis of keeping the fuel unit to discharge fume, automatically blocks the propagation channels of the internal and external shock waves and combustion of the power station. At ordinary times, smoke dust particles are filtered, infrared exposure symptoms are eliminated, environmental pollution is prevented, impact waves and burning equipment can be resisted during working, and the overall working level of the fuel unit is improved.

7. The invention uses the steel (reinforced concrete) shell, the heat insulation material is externally applied, the shock absorber is arranged under the shell, the internal moving parts are fewer, no extra power is needed, the running vibration and noise are reduced to the maximum extent, and the working environment of personnel is improved.

8. The invention can be designed and constructed in a modularized way. Referring to the design specification of the civil air defense, a 250KW diesel engine set is used as a standard to design a modularized basic unit with smoke abatement, wave elimination and flame retardance. For different underground projects, the underground engineering is used in a mode of being connected in series (improving the protection capability) and in parallel (increasing the installed capacity).

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the smoke removal operation (arrows are smoke flow direction) of the smoke removal, wave elimination and flame retardant device according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the operation of the smoke abatement, wave elimination and flame retardant device according to the invention when struck by a shock wave;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the movable plate and the fixed plate (the arrow is the smoke flow direction) when smoke removal is performed;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the moving plate and the fixed plate when the invention is struck by a shock wave;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a limiting mechanism in the basic invention;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the smoke abatement, wave elimination and flame retardant device of the present invention in combination with an underground protective construction;

fig. 7 shows a schematic view of the combination of the smoke abatement, wave elimination and flame retardant device of the present invention with a smoke diffusion chamber.

In the figure, 1, an outer box; 101. a liquid injection hole; 102. a blow-down valve; 103. a safety valve; 104. a manhole; 2. an inner box; 201. a main case; 202. a tank neck; 3. a smoke inlet pipe; 4. a fixed plate; 401. a first air hole; 5. a movable plate; 501. a second air hole; 6. a smoke outlet; 7. a limiting mechanism; 701. a limit column; 702. a limit spring; 703. a limit nut; 704. a limiting ring; 8. a suspension mechanism; 801. a suspension spring; 802. a floating body; 9. a smoke discharge diffusion chamber; 10. a discharge port; 11. a wave-absorbing mechanism; 1101. a deflector aperture; 1102. a limit hook; 12. a cross brace; 13. a boom; 14. a hanging ring; 15. a damper; 16. a liquid level gauge; 17. a dust removing liquid; 18. smoke exhaust pipe of fuel oil machine; 19. a muffler; 20. a heat exchanger; 21. corrugated steel pipe; 22. a smoke diffuser; 23. a smoke exhaust duct; 24. a dynamic smoke tube; 25. a temporary wall; 26. an overground air port; 27. a heat preservation layer; 28. a flame retardant insulation layer; 29. a hole; 30. a cross beam; 31. smoke flows; 32. the shock wave flows.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.

Example 1:

the smoke-removing wave-eliminating flame-retardant device shown in the figures 1-2 comprises an outer box 1, an inner box 2, a smoke inlet pipe 3, a fixed plate 4 and a movable plate 5; the inner box 2 is arranged in the outer box 1, one end of the smoke inlet pipe 3 is positioned at the outer side of the outer box 1, the other end of the smoke inlet pipe passes through the side wall of the outer box 1 and then is communicated with the inner box 2, the fixed plate 4 is connected with the bottom end opening of the inner box 2 and extends towards the inner wall of the outer box 1, the outer diameter of the fixed plate 4 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the outer box 1, the fixed plate 4 is spaced from the bottom of the outer box 1, the movable plate 5 is floatably arranged above the fixed plate, the bottom plate of the outer box 1, the fixed plate 4 and the movable plate 5 are mutually parallel, and the diameter of the movable plate 5 is equal to that of the fixed plate 4. The fixed plate 4 is provided with a plurality of first air holes 401, the movable plate 5 is provided with a plurality of second air holes 501, the first air holes 401 and the second air holes 501 are staggered with each other, so that when the movable plate 5 is sunk and contacted with the fixed plate 4, the first air holes 401 and the second air holes 501 mutually shield the fluid flow in the closed outer box, dust removing liquid 17 is arranged in the outer box 1 and the inner box 2, the dust removing liquid is filled into the lower part of the outer box through the liquid filling holes, and the dust removing liquid enters the inner box through the first air holes and the second air holes.

The top of the outer box 1 is provided with a smoke outlet 6, and the smoke outlet 6 is connected with a smoke exhaust pipeline 23 so as to exhaust clean smoke. The tail fume with dust enters the device through the fume exhaust pipe 18 and the fume inlet pipe 3 of the oil engine, and the shock wave or combustion enters the device through the fume exhaust port 6, so that the device can automatically complete a series of actions such as fume removal, wave elimination, flame retardance and the like under the action of dust removing liquid, the movable plate 5, the fixed plate 4 and the like. The dust removing liquid 17 is flame retardant dust removing liquid, and is specifically selected according to the performance of the heat exchanger 20. If the exhaust temperature of the heat exchanger 20 is about 500 ℃, high Wen Nan fuel oil such as molybdenum disulfide oil and fireproof oil can be selected; if the exhaust temperature of the heat exchanger is about 300 ℃, high-temperature chain oil and the like can be selected; if the temperature of the exhaust gas of the heat exchanger is about 100 ℃, water-based dust removing liquid can be selected. The dust removing liquid is filled at the lower part of the outer box to effectively prevent the external combustion from being transmitted to the inner box.

The smoke inlet pipe 3 is a steel circular pipe, extends in from the side wall of the outer box 1, the outer end is connected with the smoke exhaust pipe 18 of the fuel engine through the corrugated smoke pipe 21, the inner end is connected with the inner box 2 through the smoke diffuser 22, and the smoke diffuser is in a round table shape with a small opening and a large top and a large bottom, so that dust-carrying tail smoke can be conveniently and rapidly diffused in the inner box. The smoke inlet pipe 3 is inclined downwards to prevent the condensed water of the smoke from flowing backwards. The upper part of the smoke inlet pipe 3 is provided with a hanging ring 14 which is connected with a hanging rod 13 hung under the top plate of the outer box 1.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the inner box 2 includes a main box 201 and a box neck 202 that are connected up and down, the main box 201 is in a shape of an inverted truncated cone with a large upper part and a small lower part, the box neck 202 is in a cylindrical shape, the lower edge of the box neck 202 is connected with a fixed plate, and the movable plate 5 is sleeved on the periphery of the box neck 202. The internal space dimensions of the inner box 2 should meet the following requirements: the internal volume of the dust removing liquid 17 is 1.2-1.5 times of the filling amount. The height of the tank neck 202 is such that the dust removing liquid 17 submerges the fixed plate 4 and the movable plate 5 floats under the drive of the suspension mechanism 8. The top of the main box 201 is parallel to the top plate of the outer box 1 and is connected with the outer edge of the smoke diffuser into a whole. The main case 201 may be used as a smoke exhaust passage, and may store tail smoke and contain the dust removing liquid 17. The top of the main box 201 is provided with a hanging ring 14 which is arranged at a proper position on a ray with 120-degree intervals by taking the center point of the top as the center of the circle, and is connected with the hanging ring 14 on the top plate of the outer box 1 through a hanging rod 13, and the middle part of the main box is provided with a plurality of cross braces 12 connected with the side walls of the outer box, so that the firmness of the inner box is improved, and the shock wave attack from the smoke outlet 6 is resisted. The diameter of the box neck is smaller than that of the bottom end of the main box body.

As shown in fig. 3-5, the first air holes 401 are radially distributed along the center to the edge of the fixed plate 4, and the aperture and the interval are gradually increased; the second air holes 501 are distributed in the same manner as the first air holes 401 and are staggered in position. The movable plate 5 and the fixed plate 4 are placed in parallel and equal in size, the distribution rules of the first air holes 401 and the second air holes 501 are similar, but the positions are staggered, and when the movable plate 5 is pressed against the fixed plate 4 from top to bottom, the air holes of the two plates mutually shield, so that the movement of fluid in the outer box 1 is closed.

As shown in fig. 1-5, the device also comprises a limiting mechanism; the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting column 701, the bottom end of the limiting column 701 is arranged on a bottom plate or a fixed plate 4 of the outer box 1, the movable plate 5 is provided with a through hole for penetrating the limiting column 701, the limiting column 701 penetrates through the through hole, the movable plate 5 can float up and down along the limiting column 701 and limit the floating height of the movable plate 5, the fixed plate 4 is provided with a mounting hole for penetrating or mounting the limiting column 701, a limiting ring 704 is sleeved on the limiting column 701 and covers the through hole and the mounting hole, the limiting ring 704 is a hollow conical column made of aluminum (copper), the inner diameter is slightly larger than the limiting column 701), the outer diameter is small at the upper end and large at the lower end, and is fixed on the fixed plate 4 and the movable plate 5, the limiting column 701 can be restrained from moving up and down, and deposited dust on the fixed plate and the movable plate can be prevented from entering the through hole or the mounting hole to form blockage. Under the constraint of the box neck 202 and the limiting columns 701 of the limiting mechanisms, the movable plate 5 can slide up and down smoothly, so that the first air holes 401 and the second air holes 501 can be opened and closed smoothly.

The limiting mechanism further comprises a limiting spring 702 and a limiting nut 703, the limiting nut 703 is mounted at the head end of the limiting column 701, one end of the limiting spring 703 is connected with the limiting nut 703, and the other end of the limiting spring 702 is connected with the movable plate 5. The limiting ring can be provided with a limiting hole for installing a limiting spring 702 connected with the movable plate 5. The limit nut 703 is engaged with the screw on the upper portion of the limit post 701, and moves up and down by rotation, thereby changing the pressing force on the movable plate 5.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, further comprising a suspension mechanism 8; the density of the movable plate 5 is greater than that of the dust removing liquid 17, and the suspension mechanism 8 comprises a suspension spring 801 and a floating body 802; the floating body 802 is located between the outer tank 1 and the inner tank 2, the floating body 802 is suspended on the surface of the dust removing liquid, and the floating body 802 is connected with the movable plate 5 through a suspension spring 801 so as to drive the movable plate 5 to float up and down. The lower end of the suspension spring 801 is connected with the movable plate 5, the upper end of the suspension spring 801 is connected with the floating body 802, after the dedusting liquid is added, the liquid level rises, the floating body 802 pulls the suspension spring 801 to lift the movable plate 5 to form a certain distance with the fixed plate 4, and the dedusting liquid filling amount is required to meet the requirements of dedusting and anti-shock waves.

The smoke-removing wave-eliminating flame-retardant device also comprises a shock absorber 15, and the outer box 1 is arranged on the installation base surface through the shock absorber 15. The outer box 1 is also provided with a liquid injection hole 101, a drain valve 102, a safety valve 103, a manhole 104 and a liquid level hole, the liquid level meter 16 is installed through the liquid level hole, and the height of the dust removing liquid in the outer box 1 can be observed through the liquid level meter 16.

The liquid injection hole 101, the outer box 1, the inner box 2 and the blow-down valve 102 form an immersed dust removing space; the dust removing liquid and the dust absorbed by the dust removing liquid are discharged through the blow-down valve 102, and new dust removing liquid is automatically fed in through the liquid injection hole 101. The outer box and the smoke inlet pipe 3 are made of steel or reinforced concrete; the movable plate 5 is made of corrosion-resistant metal or composite material, and the density of the movable plate is larger than that of the dust removing liquid; the floating body 802 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, has the density smaller than that of the dust removing liquid and is corrosion-resistant; the other parts are made of metal; the strength of the components is matched with the resistance requirement of underground protection engineering.

As shown in fig. 6, the underground protection engineering further comprises a smoke exhaust pipe 18 of the fuel engine, a muffler 19, a heat exchanger 20, the smoke-removing wave-removing flame-retardant device, a movable smoke pipe 24, a temporary air wall 25 and an overground air port 26 which are connected in sequence. The smoke inlet pipe 3 of the smoke-removing wave-eliminating flame-retardant device is connected with the discharge end of the heat exchanger 20 through the corrugated smoke pipe 21. If necessary, a smoke discharge diffusion chamber 9 may be provided outside the hollow wall 25. Wherein, the outside of each connecting tube wraps up heat preservation 27, and the outer case outside of this smoke abatement wave-elimination fire-retardant device wraps up fire-retardant heat preservation 28.

The invention has strong expansibility. The newly-built protection engineering can be integrated with the smoke exhaust diffusion chamber into a whole for design and construction. The protection engineering is improved, can be independently arranged, and can also be hung in the top space of the protection engineering by using the elastic support if the ground space is insufficient. The invention has flexible use and can be used as an emergency measure for enhancing the camouflage protection capability. For example, for a mobile power station, the invention can be simplified, and the dust removal and smoke exhaust functions are reserved so as to reduce the smoke exposure symptoms of the power station; for another example, an air inlet device (an air inlet device is arranged behind an air inlet diffusion chamber and in front of an air inlet machine) of the underground engineering can be installed, and the air outlet device is arranged behind an air exhaust machine and in front of the air outlet diffusion chamber, so that the attack of the temperature (heat) pressure and combustibility device on the ventilating pipeline is prevented.

The specific use is as follows: before the device operates, the liquid injection hole 101 and the blow-down valve 102 are opened, the safety valve 103 is checked, the air circulation in the outer box is kept, the suspension spring 801, the limiting mechanism 7 and the liquid level meter 16 are adjusted to corresponding positions through the access hole 104, the dust removing liquid 17 is injected, the liquid level is observed through the liquid level meter 16, the proper distance between the movable plate 5 and the fixed plate 4 is kept, and finally, the access hole 104 is closed, and the blow-down valve 102 is closed.

The heat exchanger 20 is adjusted so that the exhaust gas temperature matches the dust-removing liquid 17 (about 20 ℃ lower than the dust-removing liquid).

The fuel unit is started, and dust-carrying flue gas enters the device through the corrugated steel pipe 21.

The flue gas is led into the inner box 2 through the flue gas inlet pipe 3 and the flue gas diffuser 22. At this time, the high-temperature flue gas enters and heats the smoke inlet pipe 3, and then heats the air in the outer box 1, the air is heated, gradually expands, and is discharged from the overground air port 26. Meanwhile, because the temperature of the internal components of the device is lower, high-temperature flue gas encounters condensation and can cause the short-time decompression of the internal box 2, and because the internal box 2 has a certain height and space, the dust removing liquid 17 can be prevented from flowing back and flowing back into the fuel engine through the smoke inlet pipe 3. In addition, the smoke inlet pipe 3 keeps a certain gradient downwards, and tail smoke is prevented from condensing and flowing backwards, so that conditions are created for continuous operation of the unit.

Along with the operation of the fuel engine, the tail smoke pressure and heat are continuously increased, so that the pressure in the inner box 2 is continuously increased, and when the pressure is larger than the pressure of the overground air port 26, a smoke discharging channel formed by the smoke inlet pipe 3, the smoke diffuser 22, the inner box, the space between the outer box and the inner box and the smoke discharging port 6 is opened, so that the smooth discharge of smoke is ensured.

The smoke flows to provide power for the operation of parts in the device and also meet the dust removal requirement. Firstly, flue gas containing smoke particles enters the inner cavity 2 through the smoke diffuser 22, the track of the flue gas is suddenly changed, part of particles with larger mass fall off from the flue gas, and the particles fall into dust removing liquid along the side wall of the inner box 2; secondly, the flue gas carries particles from top to bottom, and enters a dedusting liquid, part of hydrophilic and heavier particles are captured by the dedusting liquid, the flue gas changes track under the tail pressure of a fuel engine, and the flue gas moves horizontally from inside to outside under the fixed plate 4, so that solid particles are continuously captured and removed and fall at the bottom of an outer box; the flue gas encounters the first air hole 401, the track is changed again, the air column bursts, the bubbles are recombined, the carried dust falls off in a dispute manner, and the dust is captured by the dust removing liquid; then, the flue gas enters the space between the fixed plate 4 and the movable plate 5 to drive the dust removing liquid and the floating body 802, the suspension spring 801, the limit spring 702 and the movable plate 5 therein to irregularly move, and the formed turbulence thoroughly damages dust-containing gas columns and bubbles, and as the molecular distance of the liquid is far smaller than that of the flue gas, hydrophobic and lighter particles can be washed and shed by the dust removing liquid, and remain in the liquid; the flue gas continues to move upwards and meets the movable plate 5, passes through the second air holes 501, escapes the liquid and enters the upper part of the outer box 1. The flue gas at the moment does not contain solid particle impurities, only contains gas molecules, and can reduce smoke discharge exposure symptoms.

If a shock wave comes, part of the shock wave is weakened by the smoke exhaust diffusion chamber 9, and part of the shock wave enters the smoke exhaust port through the smoke exhaust pipeline. Firstly, positive pressure enters the outer box 1, the device automatically responds, measures such as dispersion, blockage, stagnation, elimination and the like are adopted, and the entered shock waves are blocked, weakened, counteracted and dissipated. Firstly, the powder. The section of the outer box is far larger than the smoke outlet 6, so that a diffusion effect is generated, and incoming shock waves are weakened; the positions of the smoke inlet pipe 3 and the smoke outlet 6 are staggered, so that the damage of shock waves to the smoke inlet pipe 3 is reduced, and the shock waves are prevented from entering the smoke exhaust pipe 18 of the fuel engine through the smoke inlet pipe 3. And secondly, plugging. The shock wave positive pressure pushes the dust removing liquid to enter the inner box from the lower part of the fixed plate 4, the floating body 802, the suspension spring 801 and the movable plate 5 move downwards along with the liquid, the movable plate 5 is overlapped with the fixed plate 4 under the restraint of the box neck 202, the fixed plate 4 and the limiting mechanism 7, the first air hole 401 and the second air hole 501 are closed, the flow channel of the shock wave and the dust removing liquid is blocked, and the shock wave is interrupted to propagate inwards. The impact wave negative pressure generated by the impact wave will pull the dust removing liquid to flow upwards, drive the floating body 802, the suspension spring 801 and the movable plate 4 to move upwards, pull the flow channel of the impact wave and the dust removing liquid, and ensure the smoke discharging requirement of the fuel unit. The device will then repeat the above actions if a shock wave is coming. Thirdly, stagnation. The compressibility of air in the outer box 1 and the inner box 2, the viscosity of dust removing liquid, the elasticity of the suspension spring 801 and the limit spring 703 and the inertia of the outer box 1 can weaken the peak value of shock waves, delay the action of the shock waves and reduce the damage action of the shock waves. Fourthly, eliminating. The propagation mechanisms of the shock waves in liquid and gas are different, part of the shock waves bounce after touching the outer box and the inner box, and the positive pressure of the bounce meets the positive pressure … of the second wave and the third wave, so that part of energy is heduled and consumed; the outer box and the inner box vibrate, and under the combined action of the dedusting liquid, the shock absorber 15 and the ground, the energy of the shock wave is weakened and dissipated until the shock wave is finally eliminated.

In order to ensure the requirements of dust removal and shock wave prevention, the inner box 2 is generally set to be 1.2-1.5 times of the maximum injection amount of the dust removal liquid, and even if the worst working condition occurs, the impact wave positive pressure extrudes all the dust removal liquid into the inner box, so that the dust removal liquid cannot flow backwards, and the damage to a fuel unit is avoided.

Example 2:

this embodiment is the same as embodiment 1 except for the following technical features:

as shown in fig. 7, in this embodiment, the smoke-removing, wave-absorbing and flame-retarding device is combined with the smoke-exhausting diffusion chamber 9, the smoke-exhausting port 6 is opened on the side wall of the outer case 1, the upper part of the hollow wall on one side of the smoke-exhausting diffusion chamber 9 is directly connected with the smoke-exhausting port 6, the smoke-exhausting port 6 is opened with uniformly distributed holes 29, so that the smoke is split, the bottom of the side wall on the other side of the smoke-exhausting diffusion chamber 9 is opened with the outlet 10, and the outside of the outlet 10 is provided with the wave-absorbing mechanism 11 which can be opened and closed. The wave-absorbing mechanism 11 comprises a wave-absorbing plate, the upper end of the wave-absorbing plate is hinged with the side wall of the discharge port, the lower end of the discharge port is provided with an L-shaped limit hook 1102 to limit the opening amplitude of the wave-absorbing plate, and the wave-absorbing plate is provided with guide holes 1101 at intervals, so that fluid can pass through conveniently. When the device is specifically used, the baffle plates can be arranged in the smoke outlet and the air outlet to slow down the flow of smoke and dust removal waves.

In a further embodiment, the smoke outlet 6 may also be connected to the smoke diffusion chamber 9 by a smoke conduit 23.

In this embodiment, to adapt to the specification of the smoke exhaust diffusion chamber, the following adjustments are made: firstly, the shape of the outer box is changed into square, the material is changed into concrete or reinforced concrete, and secondly, the size and shape of the inner box 2 are adjusted to ensure the core functions of dust removal, wave elimination, flame retardance and the like of the device; thirdly, the cross brace 12 is changed into a cross beam 30, a pore plate is erected on the cross beam 30, a circular hole is formed, the inner box 2 can be placed, the dust removing liquid can pass through, and the overhaul is convenient; fourth, in order to facilitate the operation and use, adjust the positions of the liquid injection hole 101, the blow-off valve 102, the relief valve 103, the liquid level gauge 16, the manhole 16, etc.; fourth, the fire-retardant insulation 28 outside the outer box is eliminated.

The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other modifications or equivalent substitutions made without departing from the technical aspects of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a smoke abatement wave dissipation fire-retardant device which characterized in that: comprises an outer box, an inner box, a smoke inlet pipe, a fixed plate and a movable plate; the inner box is arranged in the outer box, one end of the smoke inlet pipe is positioned at the outer side of the outer box, the other end of the smoke inlet pipe penetrates through the side wall of the outer box and then is communicated with the inner box, the fixed plate is connected with the bottom end opening of the inner box and extends towards the inner wall of the outer box, the movable plate is floatably arranged above the fixed plate, the fixed plate is provided with a plurality of first air holes, the movable plate is provided with a plurality of second air holes, the first air holes and the second air holes are staggered with each other, so that when the movable plate sinks to contact with the fixed plate, the first air holes and the second air holes mutually shield the fluid flow in the closed outer box, dust removing liquid is arranged in the outer box and the inner box, and the outer box is provided with a smoke outlet;

the inner box comprises a main box body and a box neck which are connected up and down, the main box body is in a shape of an inverted circular table with a large upper part and a small lower part, the box neck is cylindrical, the lower edge of the box neck is connected with a fixed plate, and the movable plate is sleeved on the periphery of the box neck;

the device also comprises a limiting mechanism; the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting column, the limiting column is fixed in the outer box, and the movable plate is floatably arranged along the limiting column so as to limit the floating height of the movable plate;

the device also comprises a suspension mechanism; the density of the movable plate is greater than that of the dust removing liquid, and the suspension mechanism comprises a suspension spring and a floating body; the floating body is positioned between the outer box and the inner box, is suspended on the surface of the dust removing liquid and is connected with the movable plate through a suspension spring so as to drive the movable plate to float up and down;

wherein, the shock wave enters from the smoke outlet, and the dust removing liquid is flame retardant dust removing liquid.

2. The smoke-abatement, wave-attenuating, flame-retardant device of claim 1, wherein: the first air holes are radially distributed along the center to the edge of the fixed plate, and the aperture and the interval are gradually increased; the distribution mode of the second air holes is the same as that of the first air holes, and the positions of the second air holes are staggered.

3. The smoke-abatement, wave-attenuating, flame-retardant device of claim 1, wherein: the limiting mechanism further comprises a limiting spring and a limiting nut, wherein the limiting nut is arranged at the head end of the limiting post, one end of the limiting spring is connected with the limiting nut, and the other end of the limiting spring is connected with the movable plate.

4. The smoke-abatement, wave-attenuating, flame-retardant device of claim 1, wherein: still include the spacing ring, the bottom of spacing post is installed in the bottom plate or the fixed plate of outer container, the movable plate is opened there is the through-hole that is used for passing spacing post, the fixed plate is opened there is the mounting hole that is used for passing or installs spacing post, spacing post and cover through-hole and mounting hole are located to the spacing ring cover.

5. The smoke-abatement, wave-attenuating, flame-retardant device of claim 1, wherein: the smoke exhaust diffusion chamber is arranged on the side wall of the outer box, the smoke exhaust port is connected with the upper portion of the temporary wall on one side of the smoke exhaust diffusion chamber, the bottom of the side wall on the other side of the smoke exhaust diffusion chamber is provided with a discharge port, and the outer side of the discharge port is provided with a wave-absorbing mechanism capable of being opened and closed.

6. The smoke-abatement, wave-attenuating, flame-retardant device of claim 1, wherein: the smoke inlet pipe is arranged obliquely downwards so as to avoid condensation backflow of tail smoke.

7. An underground protection project, characterized in that: comprising a smoke-abatement, wave-extinguishing and flame-retardant device according to any of claims 1-6.