CN114151045B - Adjustable perforating device for well completion operation - Google Patents
Adjustable perforating device for well completion operation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114151045B CN114151045B CN202210115317.4A CN202210115317A CN114151045B CN 114151045 B CN114151045 B CN 114151045B CN 202210115317 A CN202210115317 A CN 202210115317A CN 114151045 B CN114151045 B CN 114151045B
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003831 antifriction material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 42
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of well completion perforation, in particular to an adjustable perforation device for well completion operation, which comprises an annular shell, wherein the side wall of the annular shell is provided with a plurality of through holes which surround the axis of the annular shell and are in an equidistant spiral array, the inner wall of each through hole is coaxially sleeved with a shielding ring, the lower end of each shielding ring is rotatably provided with a hemispherical shell, the outer wall of each hemispherical shell far away from the shielding ring is fixedly provided with a return spring, the other end of the return spring is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the annular shell, the inner wall of the shielding ring is provided with a supporting annular plate in a sliding manner along the axis of the shielding ring, and the supporting annular plate penetrates through the hemispherical shell and is in sliding connection with the hemispherical shell; the invention solves the problem that the folding hose is adopted to stretch in length in order to prolong the perforation depth of the existing perforation equipment, so that the injection angle is not fixed in the water injection process, and in addition, when the folding hose meets a hard rock stratum, the folding hose is easy to swing, so that a large block of perforation on the surface of a shaft is caused, and the shaft is easy to collapse.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of well completion perforation, in particular to an adjustable perforation device for well completion operation.
Background
And (3) perforation completion: drilling through an oil-gas layer, setting a casing pipe for well cementation, then setting the casing pipe and a cement sheath into a perforator, and shooting the casing pipe and the cement sheath until the oil-gas layer is opened to open a channel for oil-gas flow into a well casing; the method is beneficial to the measures of layered mining, water injection and yield increase; it is an important process to open the oil flow channel.
In the invention case of the perforating device for well completion operation disclosed in the prior art, a Chinese patent with the patent application number of CN110118077B is invented, the perforating device for well completion operation comprises a shell and a nozzle assembly, one end of the nozzle assembly is arranged in the shell, the other end of the nozzle assembly extends out of the shell, the nozzle assembly comprises a plurality of jetting hoses which are sequentially sleeved and a combined nozzle arranged at the jetting end of the jetting hoses, the combined nozzle comprises a plurality of split blocks which are connected with the jetting hoses in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the adjacent jetting hoses are limited by shear pins arranged between the split blocks; and a limiting component which is in limiting fit with the outer side pipe when the inner side pipe extends out of the tail end of the outer side pipe is arranged between the adjacent jetting hoses. The invention has the advantages of increased oil drainage area of the reservoir, simple structure, convenient operation and the like.
In the invention case, in order to prolong the perforation depth, the folding hose is adopted for length expansion, although the perforation depth can be effectively prolonged to a certain extent, because the perforation depth is pursued, the hose is folded in the perforation device in an inclined manner when the perforation device moves in a shaft initially, and during perforation work, the hose can be bent to a certain extent due to the adoption of the hose for expansion, the injection angle is not fixed in the water injection process, when the folding hose swings in a hard rock stratum, large perforation on the surface of the shaft is caused, the risk of collapse of the shaft is caused, and because the perforation angle inclined with the shaft line of the shaft is adopted, the perforation device is easy to move backwards, and the perforation position cannot be accurately controlled.
Based on the above, the invention provides an adjustable perforating device for well completion operation, which solves the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an adjustable perforating device for well completion operation, which aims to solve the problems that in the prior invention cases proposed in the background art, in order to prolong the perforating depth, a folded hose is adopted for length expansion, although the perforating depth can be effectively prolonged to a certain extent, the hose is folded in the perforating device in an inclined manner initially when the perforating device moves in a shaft due to pursuit of the perforating depth, when perforating is carried out, the hose can be bent to a certain extent due to the adoption of the hose expansion, so that the injection angle is not fixed in the water injection process, when a hard rock stratum is met, a folded pipeline swings, so that large-block perforation is caused on the surface of the shaft, the risk of shaft collapse is caused, and secondly, because the perforating angle inclined to the shaft axis of the shaft is adopted, the perforating device is easy to move backwards, thereby causing a problem that the perforation position cannot be accurately controlled.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an adjustable perforating device for well completion operation comprises an annular shell, wherein a plurality of through holes surrounding the axis of the annular shell in an equidistant spiral array are formed in the side wall of the annular shell, a shielding ring is coaxially sleeved on the inner wall of each through hole, a hemispherical shell is rotatably arranged at the lower end of each shielding ring, a return spring is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of each hemispherical shell far away from the shielding ring, the other end of each return spring is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the annular shell, a supporting ring plate is slidably arranged along the axis of the shielding ring, the supporting ring plate penetrates through the hemispherical shell and is slidably connected with the hemispherical shell, one end of the supporting ring plate far away from the shielding ring penetrates through the side wall of the hemispherical shell and is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the annular shell, the return spring is sleeved on the supporting ring plate, a hollow injection shaft is sleeved on the inner wall of each supporting ring plate along the axis of the supporting ring plate, and a spray head for perforating is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the injection shaft, the outer wall of the upper end of the spray head is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shielding ring, the outer wall of each hemispherical shell is provided with a pressurizing device used for pushing the spray shaft and the shielding ring to move the annular shell along the axis of the via hole, and the rear end of the annular shell is provided with a traction device used for drawing the annular shell to move in the drilling hole.
As a further scheme of the invention, the pressurizing device comprises a plurality of high-pressure hoses, two ends of each high-pressure hose respectively penetrate through adjacent hemispherical shells and are fixed with the hemispherical shells, one end of each high-pressure hose penetrating through the hemispherical shells is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the supporting ring plate and is communicated with the inner side of the supporting ring plate, and the high-pressure hose close to the end of the ring shell is connected with a shielding device for shielding foreign matters to prevent the ring shell from moving in the drilling hole and causing the foreign matters to enter the via hole; the high-pressure hose close to the end head at the other end of the annular shell passes through the traction device and is communicated to a pressure pump capable of generating water pressure.
As a further proposal of the invention, the shielding device comprises a traveling ring axially and slidably arranged on the outer wall of the ring shell, a communicating hole used for communicating with the via hole to release the shielding ring is arranged on the side wall of the advancing ring, a conical cover is fixedly arranged at one end of the advancing ring far away from the traction device, the inner wall of the conical cover is fixedly provided with a hollow female rod through a bracket, the inner wall of the hollow female rod is provided with a hollow sub-rod in a sliding way along the axis of the hollow female rod, the hollow sub-rods are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the annular shell through a support, one of the high-pressure hoses which is close to the end head of the annular shell and is far away from the traction device is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the hollow sub-rods and is communicated with the inside of the hollow sub-rods, the outer wall of the hollow sub-rod is sleeved with a force-releasing spring, the elasticity of the force-releasing spring is smaller than that of a return spring, one end of the force unloading spring is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the hollow female rod, and the other end of the force unloading spring is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the annular shell through a support; the outer wall of the shielding ring is provided with a spiral groove, and the side wall of the communication hole is provided with a clamping block which can rotate when the shielding ring passes through the communication hole; every the inclined plane that is used for the probing is all seted up to the ring upper end that shelters from, all fixed being provided with on the inclined plane is used for the spiral sword of spiral cutting.
As a further scheme of the invention, the traction device comprises a hemispherical plate, the hemispherical plate is fixedly arranged at the end of the annular shell, and a bendable rope for drawing the hemispherical plate to drive the annular shell to move in the drilling hole is rotatably arranged in the center of the outer wall of the hemispherical plate.
As a further scheme of the invention, the rope is a steel wire rope, has certain directional guidance, and can be bent to a certain extent when encountering a bent drilling hole.
As a further scheme of the invention, friction is reduced on the contact surface of the support ring plate and the jet shaft by coating antifriction materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, high-pressure water flow is injected between the support ring plate and the injection shaft through the pressurizing device, so that when the injection shaft displaces in the support ring plate, water flow is synchronously pressurized and injected onto the shaft from the spray head at the outer end of the injection shaft, and the side wall of the shaft is perforated when the spray head, the shielding ring and the injection shaft are expanded and extended, so that the side wall of the shaft is perforated, and the phenomenon that the spray head, the shielding ring and the injection shaft impact the side wall of the shaft to cause damage of equipment and perforation deviation and collapse of the shaft is caused is avoided; secondly, the spray heads, the shielding rings and the spray shafts which are spirally arranged in the annular shell extend outwards along the axis of the supporting annular plate, so that the perforating depth is enlarged on one hand, and the perforating angle is kept to be vertical to the axis of the shaft on the other hand, thereby avoiding the problem that the annular shell is clamped in the shaft due to the fact that the reaction force of the annular shell cannot be balanced and the shaft is impacted; secondly, the shower nozzle that the ring shell axis is arranged in a spiral guarantees only to carry out single perforation on arbitrary radial plane on the one hand to avoid the problem that the pit shaft collapses to on the other hand, and the perforation of spiral distribution on the pit shaft can make the fan-shaped region of oil seepage the same in the ring shell axis footpath, thereby can reach that the perforation coverage is more even, and the oil production efficiency is higher.
2. The high-pressure water is injected into the high-pressure hose through the external pressure pump, water flow in the high-pressure hose passes through the hemispherical shell along with the high-pressure hose to enter the lower end cavity of the supporting ring plate and the injection shaft in a pressurized mode, the injection shaft is extended outwards along the supporting ring plate, and meanwhile, when the hemispherical shell moves outwards along with the injection shaft, the water flow moves towards the axis of the annular shell relatively, so that the adjacent hemispherical shells are close to each other, the high-pressure hose with overlong length does not need to be reserved between the two adjacent hemispherical shells, the shaft is deep, the pipeline is long, and the problem of pressure loss is avoided.
3. When the high-pressure hose is pressurized by the pressurizing pump, the hollow main rod and the hollow sub rod overcome the acting force of the force-unloading spring to extend, so that the advancing ring slides on the outer wall of the annular shell, the through hole and the communicating hole are communicated, and then perforation work is performed, so that the problem that when the annular shell displaces in a shaft, an obstacle falls into the annular shell from the through hole, and the inside of the annular shell is mechanically blocked is solved; secondly, a spiral groove is formed in the outer wall of the shielding ring, and a clamping block is arranged on the side wall of the communicating hole, so that the shielding ring extends out of the advancing ring to rotate, the spiral cutter rotates to cut a harder rock stratum, the perforating depth is further enlarged, the problem that the perforating depth cannot meet the requirement of equipment is solved, and the petroleum enters a shaft slowly is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view, partially in section, schematically illustrating the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal general structure of the present invention (hidden ring case and traveling ring);
in the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
the device comprises a ring shell 10, a through hole 11, a shielding ring 12, a hemispherical shell 13, a return spring 14, a supporting ring plate 15, a jet shaft 16, a spray head 17, an inclined surface 18, a spiral knife 19, a high-pressure hose 22, a traveling ring 25, a communication hole 26, a conical cover 27, a hollow female rod 28, a hollow sub-rod 29, a force-unloading spring 30, a hemispherical plate 32 and a rope 33.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a perforation device with adjustable well completion operation is used, including ring shell 10, ring shell 10 lateral wall sets up a plurality of via holes 11 that encircle its axis equidistant spiral array, every via hole 11 inner wall all coaxial cover is equipped with and shelters from ring 12, every shelters from ring 12 lower extreme and all rotates and is provided with hemisphere shell 13, one side that shelters from ring 12 is all fixed and is provided with reset spring 14 to every hemisphere shell 13, reset spring 14 other end is fixed to be set up at ring shell 10 lateral wall, the one end of keeping away from the support crown plate 15 that shelters from ring 12 passes hemisphere shell 13 lateral wall and fixed the setting at ring shell 10 inner wall, reset spring 14 cover is established on support crown plate 15, every support crown plate 15 inner wall all overlaps along its axis and is equipped with hollow injection shaft 16, injection shaft 16 upper end is fixed to be provided with the shower nozzle 17 that is used for carrying out the perforation, shower nozzle 17 upper end outer wall is fixed the setting on sheltering from ring 12 inner wall, every hemisphere shell 13 outer wall all is provided with the dress that is used for promoting injection shaft 16 and shelters from ring 12 and move ring shell 10 along via hole 11 axis pressurization A traction device for drawing the ring shell 10 to move in the drilling hole is arranged at the rear end of the ring shell 10;
firstly, the device is assembled (as shown in fig. 1, the device needs to move on the inner wall of a designed shaft, the whole device adopts a cylindrical design, wherein the lower end in fig. 1 is the front end of the device and is also the feeding direction of the device, and the device orientation is used for description in the following description); the device has no power, only descends along the shaft by self gravity, and the perforation power of the device also comes from an external booster pump, so that the booster pump is communicated with the high-pressure hose 22 by pipeline arrangement, and when the device descends to the height of an oil layer in the shaft, the external booster pump is required to realize perforation action by pressurization.
When the invention is used, the traction device is used for releasing the device into the shaft, when the equipment is descended to the height of an oil layer under the action of self gravity, the pressurizing device receives a position signal to start working, so that the high-pressure water flow is injected into the interior of the support ring plate 15, the pressure in the interior of the support ring plate 15 is raised to push the injection shaft 16 to pass through the through hole 11 on the ring shell 10 along the axis of the support ring plate 15 and move outwards, therefore, the spray head 17 moves outwards along the inner wall of the supporting ring plate 15 along with the spray shaft 16 (as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the side wall of the ring shell 10 is provided with a plurality of through holes 11 which are spirally arrayed around the axis at equal intervals, so that the reaction force of each spray shaft 16 corresponding to each through hole 11 to the supporting ring plate 15, namely the acting force of the ring shell 10, keeps balance as much as possible, the self-rotation force of the ring shell 10 in a shaft is avoided, the inner wall of the shaft is collided with, and the problem that the inside of the shaft is damaged is solved, and the ring shell 10 is prevented from being clamped in the shaft). Meanwhile, when the spray head 17 moves outwards along the inner wall of the support ring plate 15 along with the spray shaft 16, the high-pressure water flow is sprayed onto the inner wall of the shaft through the spray head 17 along the center of the spray shaft 16, so that a hole is formed on the side wall of the shaft (as shown in fig. 2 and 3, because the spray angles of the spray shaft 16 and the spray head 17 are radial along the axis of the ring shell 10, the ring shell 10 cannot slide along the shaft, so that the direction of perforation is ensured to be vertical to the shaft axis of the shaft), when the high-pressure water flow sprays out the spray head 17, a certain perforation is formed on the side wall of the shaft, when the spray head 17 and the spray shaft 16 move outwards (so that the depth of perforation is increased, and meanwhile, the spray heads 17 which are spirally arranged on the axis of the ring shell 10 ensure that only a single perforation is performed on any radial plane, so that the problem of collapse of the shaft is avoided, on the other hand, the perforation which is spirally distributed on the shaft can ensure that the oil seepage sector areas are the same in the radial direction of the axis of the ring shell 10, thereby it is more even to reach the perforation coverage, the oil efficiency is higher), thus has avoided shower nozzle 17 to strike the pit shaft inner wall, thus cause the problem that shower nozzle 17 damages to appear, secondly also avoided the ring shell 10 to receive the striking to appear rocking, thus make the injection more steady and accurate, shield ring 12 through the support drive outside also carries on the synchronous displacement when jet shaft 16 moves outwards, thus spray nozzle 17 and jet shaft 16 are protected in the middle all the time, thus has avoided shower nozzle 17 and jet shaft 16 when encountering the hard rock stratum, the impact causes shower nozzle 17 and jet shaft 16 to spray the angular deviation, secondly avoid shower nozzle 17 and jet shaft 16 directly to strike the rock stratum, cause the problem that rock shower nozzle 17 and jet shaft 16 appear and damage; when the shielding ring 12 moves upwards, the lower hemispherical shell 13 is driven to slide outwards along the outer wall of the supporting ring plate 15, so that the return spring 14 at the lower end is pulled upwards (as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the return spring 14 is sleeved at the outer end of the supporting ring plate 15, and the axial deviation in the stretching process of the return spring 14 is avoided, so that the spray head 17 and the spray shaft 16 are moved by lateral force through the shielding ring 12 and are clamped on the outer wall of the supporting ring plate 15, and the return spring 14 can pull the spray head 17, the spray shaft 16 and the shielding ring 12 back to the interior of the annular shell 10 synchronously when the water pressure in the spray shaft 16 is relieved); when the spray head 17, the shielding ring 12 and the spray shaft 16 are blocked, the displacement water pressure between the spray shaft 16 and the supporting ring plate 15 is converted into spray water flow, so that high-pressure perforation water flow is performed, and the perforation efficiency of the device is enhanced;
according to the invention, high-pressure water flow is injected between the support ring plate 15 and the injection shaft 16 through the pressurizing device, so that when the injection shaft 16 displaces in the support ring plate 15, water flow is synchronously pressurized and injected onto a shaft from the spray head 17 at the outer end of the injection shaft 16, and the side wall of the shaft is perforated when the spray head 17, the shielding ring 12 and the injection shaft 16 expand and extend outwards, so that the side wall of the shaft is prevented from being impacted by the spray head 17, the shielding ring 12 and the injection shaft 16, equipment damage is avoided, perforation deviation is caused, and collapse of the shaft is caused; secondly, the spray heads 17, the shielding rings 12 and the spray shafts 16 which are spirally arranged in the annular shell 10 extend outwards along the axis of the supporting annular plate 15, so that the perforation depth is enlarged on one hand, and the perforation angle is kept to be vertical to the axis of the shaft on the other hand, thereby avoiding the problem that the annular shell 10 is clamped in the shaft due to the fact that the reaction force of the annular shell 10 cannot be balanced and the shaft is impacted; secondly, the shower nozzle 17 that the ring shell 10 axis was arranged in a spiral guarantees on the one hand that only single perforation takes place on arbitrary radial plane to avoid the pit shaft to appear the problem of collapsing, and on the other hand, the perforation of spiral distribution on the pit shaft can make the fan-shaped region of oil seepage the same in ring shell 10 axis footpath, thereby can reach the perforation coverage more even, and it is higher to go out oil efficiency.
As a further scheme of the invention, the pressurizing device comprises a plurality of high-pressure hoses 22, two ends of each high-pressure hose 22 respectively penetrate through the adjacent hemispherical shells 13 and are fixed with the hemispherical shells 13, the end parts of the high-pressure hoses 22 penetrating through the hemispherical shells 13 are fixedly arranged on the side walls of the supporting ring plates 15 and are communicated with the inner sides of the supporting ring plates 15, the high-pressure hoses 22 close to the ends of the ring shells 10 are connected with shielding devices, and the shielding devices are used for shielding foreign matters to prevent the foreign matters caused by the movement of the ring shells 10 in the drill holes from entering the through holes 11; a high-pressure hose 22 close to the other end of the annular shell 10 passes through a traction device and is communicated with a pressure pump capable of generating water pressure;
high-pressure water is injected into the high-pressure hose 22 through an external pressure pump, water flow in the high-pressure hose 22 passes through the hemispherical shell 13 along with the high-pressure hose 22 and is pressurized to enter the lower end cavity of the supporting ring plate 15 and the injection shaft 16, the injection shaft 16 is extended outwards along the supporting ring plate 15, and meanwhile, when the hemispherical shell 13 moves outwards along with the injection shaft 16, the hemispherical shell moves towards the axis of the annular shell 10 relatively, so that the adjacent hemispherical shells 13 are close to each other (as shown in fig. 2 and 5), and the overlong high-pressure hose 22 does not need to be reserved between two adjacent hemispherical shells 13.
As a further scheme of the invention, the shielding device comprises a traveling ring 25 axially slidably arranged on the outer wall of the ring shell 10, a communication hole 26 for communicating with the via hole 11 to release the shielding ring 12 is formed in the side wall of the traveling ring 25, a conical cover 27 is fixedly arranged at one end of the traveling ring 25 far away from the traction device, a hollow female rod 28 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the conical cover 27 through a support, a hollow sub-rod 29 is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the hollow female rod 28 along the axis thereof, the hollow sub-rod 29 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the ring shell 10 through the support, one of the high-pressure hoses 22 far away from the traction device and close to the end of the ring shell 10 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the hollow sub-rod 29 and communicated with the inside of the hollow sub-rod 29, a force-releasing spring 30 is sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow sub-rod 29, the elastic force-releasing spring 30 is smaller than the return spring 14, one end of the force-releasing spring 30 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the hollow female rod 28, and the other end is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the ring shell 10 through the support; the outer wall of the shielding ring 12 is provided with a spiral groove, and the side wall of the communication hole 26 is provided with a clamping block which can rotate when the shielding ring 12 passes through the communication hole 26; the upper end of each shielding ring 12 is provided with an inclined plane 18 for drilling, and the inclined plane 18 is fixedly provided with a spiral cutter 19 for spiral cutting;
when the invention is used, when the annular shell 10 is subjected to self gravity and slides downwards along the inner wall of a shaft, the annular shell is displaced, the force of the force-releasing spring 30 enables the conical cover 27 to overcome the self gravity to be close to the end head of the annular shell 10 (the conical cover 27 has a certain curvature, so that the problem that the equipment is clamped on the inner wall of the shaft when moving downwards is avoided), meanwhile, the advancing ring 25 is positioned at the upper side of the annular shell 10, the communicating hole 26 on the advancing ring 25 on the outer wall of the annular shell 10 deviates from the through hole 11, so that the inside of the annular shell 10 is isolated from the shaft at the outer side to a certain extent (as shown in figures 2 and 3), thereby the problem that the internal mechanical structure is clamped and damaged due to the fact that impurities fall into the annular shell 10 is avoided, and perforation work is carried out, when pressurization is carried out, because the pressure in each part of the inside of each high-pressure hose 22 is the same (the elastic force of the force-releasing spring 30 is smaller than the return spring 14), the pressure in the hollow main rod 28 and the hollow sub-rod 29 are increased and slide, so that the force-releasing spring 30 is preferentially elongated, the advancing ring 25 and the conical cover 27 move forward, the communicating hole 26 of the advancing ring 25 is communicated, the injection shaft 16 and the spray head 17 can penetrate through the through hole 11 to perform perforating work on the side wall of the shaft, when the high-pressure hose 22 is decompressed, under the action of the force-releasing spring 30, the reset spring 14 pulls the shielding ring 12 back to the equipment, at this time, the communicating hole 26 preferentially cleans the outer wall of the shielding ring 12, so that no attachment slides into the through hole 11 from the outer wall of the shielding ring 12, the scratch of the shielding ring 12 and the through hole 11 caused by directly cleaning the outer wall of the shielding ring 12 by adopting the through hole 11 is avoided, the problem that the deviation of the perforating angle of the equipment occurs next time is solved, meanwhile, the outer wall of the shielding ring 12 is provided with a spiral groove, the side wall of the communicating hole 26 is provided with a fixture block, and the self-rotation can occur when the shielding ring 12 penetrates through the communicating hole 26, the upper end of each shielding ring 12 is provided with an inclined surface 18 for drilling, the inclined surfaces 18 are fixedly provided with spiral cutters 19 for spiral cutting, so that the shielding rings 12 extend out of the advancing ring 25 to rotate (the shielding rings 12 rotate on the hemispherical shells 13, and the hemispherical shells 13 continue to slide along the axial line of the supporting ring plate 15, thereby avoiding the winding phenomenon of the high-pressure hose 22), and further expanding the perforation depth by rotating the spiral cutters 19 to cut harder rock formations, thereby avoiding the problem that the perforation depth cannot meet the requirement of equipment, and the petroleum enters a shaft slowly;
when the high-pressure hose 22 is pressurized by the pressurizing pump, the hollow main rod 28 and the hollow sub-rod 29 overcome the acting force of the force-unloading spring 30 to extend, so that the advancing ring 25 slides on the outer wall of the annular shell 10, the through hole 11 and the communication hole 26 are communicated, and then perforation work is performed, and the problem that when the annular shell 10 displaces in a shaft, an obstacle falls into the annular shell 10 from the through hole 11 to cause mechanical blockage in the annular shell 10 is solved; secondly, a spiral groove is formed in the outer wall of the shielding ring 12, and a clamping block is arranged on the side wall of the communication hole 26, so that the shielding ring 12 extends out of the advancing ring 25 to rotate, the spiral cutter 19 rotates to cut a harder rock stratum, the perforating depth is further expanded, the problem that the perforating depth cannot meet the requirement of equipment, and petroleum enters a shaft slowly is solved.
As a further scheme of the invention, the traction device comprises a semispherical plate 32, the semispherical plate 32 is fixedly arranged at the end of the annular shell 10, and a bendable rope 33 for drawing the semispherical plate 32 to drive the annular shell 10 to move in a drilled hole is rotatably arranged in the center of the outer wall of the semispherical plate 32; thereby enabling the device to enter a shaft with curvature and completing the perforation of the bent shaft, thereby improving the applicability of the device.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the rope 33 is a steel wire rope, has a directional guidance, and can be bent to some extent when encountering a bent drill hole.
As a further aspect of the invention, friction is reduced by applying a friction reducing material to the contact surface of the backing ring plate 15 and the spray shaft 16.
Claims (7)
1. An adjustable perforating device for well completion operations, comprising an annular housing (10), characterized in that: the side wall of the ring shell (10) is provided with a plurality of through holes (11) surrounding the axis of the ring shell at equal intervals, the inner wall of each through hole (11) is coaxially sleeved with a shielding ring (12), the lower end of each shielding ring (12) is rotatably provided with a hemispherical shell (13), the outer wall of one side of each hemispherical shell (13) far away from the shielding ring (12) is fixedly provided with a return spring (14), the return spring (14) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the ring shell (10), the inner wall of the shielding ring (12) is provided with a supporting ring plate (15) in a sliding manner along the axis direction, the supporting ring plate (15) penetrates through the hemispherical shell (13) and is in sliding connection with the hemispherical shell (13), one end of the supporting ring plate (15) far away from the shielding ring (12) penetrates through the side wall of the hemispherical shell (13) and is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the ring shell (10), and the return spring (14) is sleeved on the supporting ring plate (15), every support crown plate (15) inner wall all overlaps along its axis and is equipped with hollow injection shaft (16), injection shaft (16) upper end is fixed to be provided with and is used for carrying out shower nozzle (17) that perforates, shower nozzle (17) upper end outer wall is fixed to be set up on sheltering from ring (12) inner wall, every hemisphere shell (13) outer wall all is provided with and is used for promoting injection shaft (16) and sheltering from ring (12) and removes and the pressure device who jets out ring shell (10) along via hole (11) axis, ring shell (10) rear end is provided with and is used for pulling the draw gear that ring shell (10) removed in the drill hole.
2. The adjustable perforating device for well completion as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the pressurizing device comprises a plurality of high-pressure hoses (22), two ends of each high-pressure hose (22) respectively penetrate through adjacent hemispherical shells (13) and are fixed with the hemispherical shells (13), the end parts of the high-pressure hoses (22) penetrating through the hemispherical shells (13) are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the supporting annular plate (15) and are communicated with the inner side of the supporting annular plate (15), the high-pressure hoses (22) close to the end of the annular shell (10) are connected with shielding devices, and the shielding devices are used for preventing foreign matters caused by movement of the annular shell (10) in a drilling hole from entering the through hole (11); the high-pressure hose (22) close to the other end of the annular shell (10) is communicated to a pressure pump capable of generating water pressure through a traction device.
3. An adjustable perforation device for well completion according to claim 2, wherein: the shielding device comprises an advancing ring (25) which is axially slidably arranged on the outer wall of a ring shell (10), the side wall of the advancing ring (25) is provided with a communicating hole (26) which is used for communicating with a via hole (11) to release the shielding ring (12), one end of the advancing ring (25) far away from the traction device is fixedly provided with a conical cover (27), the inner wall of the conical cover (27) is fixedly provided with a hollow female rod (28) through a support, the inner wall of the hollow female rod (28) is provided with a hollow sub-rod (29) in a sliding way along the axis of the hollow female rod, the hollow sub-rod (29) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the ring shell (10) through the support, one of the high-pressure hoses (22) close to the end of the ring shell (10) and far away from the traction device is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the hollow sub-rod (29) and communicated with the inside of the hollow sub-rod (29), and the outer wall of the hollow sub-rod (29) is sleeved with a force-unloading spring (30), the elastic force of the force-unloading spring (30) is smaller than that of the reset spring (14), one end of the force-unloading spring (30) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the hollow female rod (28), and the other end of the force-unloading spring is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the annular shell (10) through a support.
4. An adjustable perforation device for well completion according to claim 3, wherein: the outer wall of the shielding ring (12) is provided with a spiral groove, the side wall of the communicating hole (26) is provided with a clamping block, the shielding ring (12) can rotate when penetrating through the communicating hole (26), the upper end of each shielding ring (12) is provided with an inclined plane (18) for drilling, and the inclined plane (18) is fixedly provided with a spiral cutter (19) for spiral cutting.
5. An adjustable perforation device for well completion according to claim 3, wherein: the traction device comprises a hemispherical plate (32), the hemispherical plate (32) is fixedly arranged at the end of the annular shell (10), and a bendable rope (33) used for drawing the hemispherical plate (32) to drive the annular shell (10) to move in a drilling hole is rotatably arranged in the center of the outer wall of the hemispherical plate (32).
6. An adjustable perforation device for well completion according to claim 5, wherein: the rope (33) is a steel wire rope, has certain directional guidance, and can be bent to a certain extent when encountering a bent drilling hole.
7. The adjustable perforating device for well completion as recited in claim 1, further comprising: friction is reduced on the contact surface of the support ring plate (15) and the injection shaft (16) by smearing antifriction materials.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210115317.4A CN114151045B (en) | 2022-02-07 | 2022-02-07 | Adjustable perforating device for well completion operation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210115317.4A CN114151045B (en) | 2022-02-07 | 2022-02-07 | Adjustable perforating device for well completion operation |
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| CN114151045B true CN114151045B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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| US5445220A (en) * | 1994-02-01 | 1995-08-29 | Allied Oil & Tool Co., Inc. | Apparatus for increasing productivity by cutting openings through casing, cement and the formation rock |
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2022
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| US5445220A (en) * | 1994-02-01 | 1995-08-29 | Allied Oil & Tool Co., Inc. | Apparatus for increasing productivity by cutting openings through casing, cement and the formation rock |
| CN100999989A (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-07-18 | 中国石油大学(北京) | High pressure water jet-flow deep penetrating perforating and its auxiliary crushing method and apparatus |
| CN206397485U (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-08-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Underground particle stream flow perforating system |
| CN110118077A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2019-08-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of completion practice perforating system |
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| CN114151045A (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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