CN114149558A - Aqueous polyurethane dispersion, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
- C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6681—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6685—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3225 or polyamines of C08G18/38
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3225—Polyamines
- C08G18/3228—Polyamines acyclic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/38—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/3855—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having sulfur
- C08G18/3857—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having sulfur having nitrogen in addition to sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/487—Polyethers containing cyclic groups
- C08G18/4879—Polyethers containing cyclic groups containing aromatic groups
Abstract
The invention provides an aqueous polyurethane dispersion and a preparation method and application thereof. The whole aqueous polyurethane dispersion can reach solid content of more than 45%, the thermal activation temperature is 50-70 ℃, the storage stability is more than 6 months, the aqueous polyurethane dispersion has good initial adhesive force and excellent final adhesive strength with PVC synthetic leather, ABS and PP, the excellent thermal aging resistance can be further ensured by adding the curing agent, and the comprehensive performance requirements of the polyurethane adhesive on the thermal activation and adhesion of the PVC synthetic leather and the ABS and PP low surface energy materials are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane materials, in particular to an aqueous polyurethane dispersion and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Aqueous polyurethane dispersions are novel binary colloidal heterogeneous polyurethane systems in which water is used as the dispersing medium instead of conventional organic solvents, the polyurethane molecules being dispersed in a continuous aqueous medium. The aqueous polyurethane can be classified into three types, i.e., anionic polyurethane dispersion, cationic polyurethane dispersion and nonionic polyurethane dispersion, according to whether the polyurethane molecular chain contains an ionomer or not. The existing preparation method of waterborne polyurethane mainly adopts two methods, namely a self-emulsification method and an external emulsification method. The self-emulsifying method means that the polyurethane chain segment contains hydrophilic components, and the waterborne polyurethane can be prepared without an additional emulsifier. The external emulsification method needs to add an emulsifier to obtain the waterborne polyurethane. The hydrophilic micromolecule emulsifier remained in the external emulsification method can influence the performance of the solidified glue film. Therefore, the anionic aqueous polyurethane prepared by a self-emulsifying method is mainly used in the market at present.
Because the aqueous polyurethane dispersion takes water as a dispersion medium, the surface tension of the system is large, and the wetting of the plastic base material is not facilitated, and even if an additive wetting agent is introduced, the polyurethane molecular chain and the plastic base material with low surface energy still cannot be promoted to have good initial bonding force. In particular, in recent years, with the development of lightweight of new automobiles, plastic articles are beginning to be widely used in interior trims of automobiles. The conventional polyurethane adhesive containing the aqueous polyurethane dispersoid cannot effectively meet the requirements of an intermittent mass coating production process (a flow operation production line, immediate bonding and compaction without spraying adhesive liquid, centralized standing and batch treatment) of plastic substrates and composite material decorating parts thereof. Therefore, at present, most of domestic locomotive decorative parts still adopt solvent-type adhesives mainly comprising neoprene adhesive and polyurethane hot melt adhesive. However, the solvent-based adhesive is flammable and pollutes the environment, the physical health of constructors is damaged, and the organic solvent clamped in the decorative piece is continuously and slowly released, so that the physical and mental health of drivers is also not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, there is a need for an aqueous polyurethane dispersion, a preparation method and an application thereof, which can promote the polyurethane molecular chain and the plastic base material with low surface energy to have good initial adhesion, and can ensure that the aqueous polyurethane adhesive meets the requirements of batch spray coating production process, and basically does not volatilize organic solvent, thereby being more environment-friendly.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an aqueous polyurethane dispersion which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-22 parts of diisocyanate, 4-8 parts of bisphenol A polyether polyol, 0.001-0.05 part of catalyst, 60-80 parts of crystalline dimer acid type polyester polyol, 60-120 parts of hydrophilic low-boiling-point solvent, 0.5-3 parts of sulfamic acid type chain extender, 50-120 parts of water and 0.3-1 part of amine chain extender; wherein the functionality of the crystalline dimer acid type polyester polyol is 2-2.5, and the molecular weight is 1000-3000 g/moL; the bisphenol A polyether polyol is at least one selected from bis-hydroxyethyl bisphenol A or bisphenol A bis-isopropoxide ether.
Preferably, the aqueous polyurethane dispersion is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16-20 parts of diisocyanate, 4.5-7.8 parts of small molecular diol, 0.001-0.02 part of catalyst, 65-80 parts of crystalline dimer acid type polyester polyol, 1.2-2.8 parts of aminosulfonic acid type chain extender, 80-120 parts of water and 0.5-1 part of amine chain extender.
In some of these embodiments, the diisocyanate is selected from at least one of isophorone diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2, 4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
In some of these embodiments, the sulfamic acid type chain extender is selected from at least one of a95, X506, PPS.
In some of these embodiments, the bisphenol A polyether polyol is selected from at least one of Dianol320, Dianol220, Agodiol P2, D-33, BA-P2, BSA-30F, BSA-20F.
In some of these embodiments, the amine chain extender is selected from at least one of ethylene diamine or hexamethylene diamine.
In some of these embodiments, the catalyst is preferably at least one of the environmentally friendly catalysts CU-CAT-HA, CU-CAT-DG-01, CU-CAT-DG-03, CU-CAT-V17 which do not contain mercury, lead or tin.
In some of these embodiments, the hydrophilic low boiling solvent is selected from at least one of acetone or butanone.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the aqueous polyurethane dispersion, which comprises the following steps: adding bisphenol A polyether polyol and a catalyst into a reaction vessel, heating to 50 ℃, adding diisocyanate, reacting at 80 ℃ for 1.5-2 h, cooling to 60 ℃, adding crystalline dimer acid modified polyester polyol, and reacting at 80 ℃ for 1-2 h to generate a prepolymer; cooling the prepolymer to 50-60 ℃, adding a hydrophilic low-boiling point solvent to reduce the viscosity of the prepolymer, and adding a sulfonic acid type ion chain extender to react for 15min to obtain a first chain extension reaction product; and adding deionized water into the first chain extension reaction product, carrying out high-speed shearing emulsification, adding an amine chain extender to remove unreacted NCO groups in the dispersion, continuing stirring for 20-40 min, and finally decompressing and distilling out the low-boiling-point organic solvent to obtain the polyurethane resin.
The application of the aqueous polyurethane dispersion in preparing the aqueous polyurethane adhesive.
The invention also provides a waterborne polyurethane adhesive which is mainly prepared from the waterborne polyurethane dispersoid, a rheological additive, a pH regulator, a defoaming agent, a dispersing agent, a waterborne curing agent and pigment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the aqueous polyurethane dispersion is mainly prepared from isocyanate, bisphenol A polyether polyol, a catalyst, crystalline dimer acid polyester polyol, an aminosulfonic acid chain extender, water and an amine chain extender in a specific ratio in a block mode. The block type aqueous polyurethane dispersion can achieve solid content of more than 45% on the whole, has a thermal activation temperature of 50-70 ℃, has storage stability of more than 6 months, is high in solvent resistance, has good initial adhesion and excellent final adhesion strength with PVC leather cloth, ABS and PP, and can further ensure excellent heat-resistant aging resistance by adding a curing agent. The requirement of the polyurethane adhesive on the comprehensive performance of the heat-activated bonding of the PVC synthetic leather and the ABS and PP low-surface-energy materials is met, the adhesive is suitable for the bonding performance requirement in the production process of the motor vehicle decorative parts, the organic solvent is not volatilized basically, and the polyurethane adhesive is more environment-friendly.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific examples so that those skilled in the art can more clearly understand the present invention.
The following examples are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the specific embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step are within the scope of the present invention.
In the examples of the present invention, all the raw material components are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art, unless otherwise specified; in the examples of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all technical means used are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
Key material sources:
bisphenol a type polyether polyol: dianol320, Dianol220, Agodiol P2, manufactured by SEPPIC, France, D-33, manufactured by east chemical Co., Guangzhou, BA-P2, manufactured by Nippon emulsifier Co., Ltd., BSA-30F, BSA-20F, manufactured by HANNENG, Korea.
The functionality of the crystalline dimer acid modified polyester polyol is 2-2.5, and the molecular weight is 1000-3000 g/mol: RADIA7282 manufactured by Olen, PLOS-ZY2200 and PLOS-ZY2100 manufactured by Cumin.
Sulfamic acid type ion chain extender: a95 and X506 manufactured by winning and creating company and PPS manufactured by herborist chemical industry.
Example 1
This example provides an aqueous polyurethane dispersion, the reaction raw materials of which are shown in the following table:
the preparation method of the aqueous polyurethane dispersion of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, prepolymerization:
adding bisphenol A polyether polyol and a catalyst into a reaction vessel, heating to 50 ℃, adding isocyanate, reacting at 80 ℃ for 1.5-2 h, cooling to 60 ℃, adding crystalline dimer acid modified polyester polyol, and reacting at 80 ℃ for 1-2 h to obtain a prepolymer.
S2, first chain extension reaction:
and (4) cooling the prepolymer obtained in the step (S1) to 50-60 ℃, adding a low-boiling-point organic solvent to reduce the viscosity of the prepolymer, and adding a sulfonic acid type ion chain extender to react for 15min to obtain a first chain extension reaction product.
S3, second chain extension reaction:
and (4) adding deionized water into the first chain extension reaction product obtained in the step (S2), carrying out high-speed shearing emulsification (1000-2000 rpm), adding an amine chain extender to remove unreacted NCO groups in the dispersion, continuing stirring for 20-40 min, and finally decompressing and distilling out the low-boiling-point organic solvent to obtain the aqueous polyurethane dispersion.
Example 2
This example provides an aqueous polyurethane dispersion, the reaction raw materials of which are shown in the following table:
the preparation of the aqueous polyurethane dispersion of this example was carried out in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 3
This example provides an aqueous polyurethane dispersion, the reaction raw materials of which are shown in the following table:
the preparation of the aqueous polyurethane dispersion of this example was carried out in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 4
This example provides an aqueous polyurethane dispersion, the reaction raw materials of which are shown in the following table:
the preparation of the aqueous polyurethane dispersion of this example was carried out in the same manner as in example 1.
Example 5
This example provides an aqueous polyurethane dispersion, the reaction raw materials of which are shown in the following table:
the preparation of the aqueous polyurethane dispersion of this example was carried out in the same manner as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides an aqueous polyurethane dispersion which was prepared essentially as in example 1, except that: the crystalline dimer acid modified polyester polyol is replaced by polyether glycol DL-2000.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides an aqueous polyurethane dispersion whose preparation is essentially the same as in example 1, with the difference that the reaction raw materials are: the bisphenol A polyether polyol is replaced by polyether glycol PPG-400.
Comparative example 3
The present comparative example provides an aqueous polyurethane dispersion, the preparation method of which is as follows:
step S1: 71.07 parts of polyoxypropylene diol (molecular weight 2000g/moL) and 4.99 parts of dimethylolpropionic acid were heated to 50 ℃ and 23.94 parts of toluene diisocyanate were added, followed by reaction at 80 ℃ for 2 hours to give a prepolymer.
Step S2: and (3) cooling the prepolymer in the step S1 to 50-60 ℃, adding 60 parts of low-boiling-point organic solvent acetone into the prepolymer to reduce the viscosity of the prepolymer, then adding 3.6 parts of triethylamine and 168 parts of deionized water, carrying out high-speed shearing emulsification (1000-2000 rpm), continuously stirring for 20-40 min, and finally decompressing and distilling out the low-boiling-point organic solvent to obtain the aqueous polyurethane dispersion.
Detecting physical and chemical properties and application performance:
the aqueous polyurethane dispersions of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested for solid content, appearance, heat activation temperature, initial adhesion and storage stability, respectively.
(1) Solid content: the test was carried out according to GB/T2793, wherein the temperature was 105. + -. 2 ℃ and the drying time was 3 h.
(2) Appearance: the test is carried out according to the provisions of GB/T9761, and the apparent color and the dispersion homogeneity of the aqueous polyurethane dispersion are observed under natural daylight illumination conditions.
(3) Thermal activation temperature test: uniformly spraying the aqueous polyurethane dispersion on two PVC leather cloths of 5cm by 5cm, heating for 3min in a 65 +/-5 ℃ blast drying oven, taking out, standing for 10min in a standard environment, cooling, and touching to determine whether the surface is dried to form a film (heating for a few minutes to remove moisture, and if the surface is not dried to form a film when the surface is cooled to room temperature, indicating that the surface does not have a heat activation function). And after 1h, putting the two pieces of PVC leather cloth with the film-forming glue layer into a forced air drying oven with a preset temperature again for heat treatment for 3min, slightly pressing the PVC leather cloth, and considering that the preset temperature is the thermal activation temperature when the glue film is molten and has viscosity and the PVC leather cloth with the glue film side has a certain bonding force.
(4) Initial adhesion test: uniformly spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the plastic base material and the leather cloth. And respectively heating the plastic base material and the leather cloth after the glue layer is sprayed in a 65 +/-5 ℃ blast drying oven for 3min, taking out, and standing in a standard environment. After 1 hour, the initial adhesion (hereinafter referred to as initial adhesion) of the adhesive film to the plastic substrate was tested. The adhesive film and plastic base material initial adhesion testing method is tested according to GB/T9286, wherein the cutting distance is 1mm, the adhesion is optimal in 0 grade, the adhesion is worst in 5 grade, and the adhesion is not passed in less than 5 grade.
(5) And (4) testing the storage stability: 200g of the aqueous polyurethane dispersion is stored under a standard environment (the temperature is 23 +/-2 ℃, and the humidity is 50 +/-5 percent), and whether layering demulsification and precipitation exist or not is observed every 7 days.
The test results are summarized in the following table:
remarking: the adhesive films on the surfaces of the base materials after the spraying of the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 are sticky, have no surface drying, do not have a heat activation function and have no adhesive force.
As can be seen from the above table, compared with comparative examples 1 to 3, the aqueous polyurethane dispersions of examples 1 to 5 have high solid content, have a thermal activation function, and have good initial adhesion to ABS and PP plastics and good storage stability.
(3) Adhesive property of bi-component waterborne polyurethane adhesive
Two-component polyurethane adhesives were prepared using the polyurethane dispersions prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3, respectively.
The component A comprises: the waterborne polyurethane coating is prepared by mixing and reacting 95 parts of a waterborne polyurethane dispersion, 0.3 part of a defoaming agent BYK024, 1 part of a rheological additive RHEOLATE175, 1.5 parts of a dispersing agent FOAMASTARST2412 and 0.1 part of a pH regulator UCARMF90 CN.
And B component: from 99 parts of hydrophilic polyisocyanate
161. 1 part of water-soluble color paste AquaColux 140.
Mixing the component A and the component B according to the ratio of 100: 3, and respectively testing the initial adhesive force and the secondary activation performance.
The initial adhesion test procedure was:
the two-component waterborne polyurethane adhesive is mixed and evenly sprayed on the surfaces of the plastic base material and the leather cloth. And respectively heating the plastic base material and the leather cloth after the glue layer is sprayed in a 65 +/-5 ℃ blast drying oven for 3min, taking out, and standing in a standard environment. After 1 hour, the initial adhesion (hereinafter referred to as initial adhesion) of the adhesive film to the plastic substrate was tested. The adhesive film and plastic base material initial adhesive force test method is carried out according to GB/T9286, wherein the cutting distance is 1mm, the adhesive force is optimal in 0 grade, and the adhesive force is worst in 5 grade.
The secondary activation performance test method comprises the following steps:
the bi-component waterborne polyurethane adhesive is evenly mixed according to the corresponding proportion and evenly sprayed on the surfaces of the plastic base material and the leather cloth. And respectively heating the plastic base material and the leather cloth after the glue spraying in a 65 +/-5 ℃ forced air drying oven for 3min, taking out, and standing in a standard environment. After 2h, putting the plastic substrate with the adhesive layer on the surface and the leather cloth into a 65 +/-5 ℃ blast drying oven again, heating for 3min, taking out, respectively attaching the leather cloth with the adhesive layer on one side and the plastic substrate, and testing the peel strength of the sample.
The peel strength is tested by 180 degrees T peel test at the speed of 300mm/min according to the requirements in GB/T2790, the room temperature peel strength is tested after the sample is cured for 72 hours in a standard environment, the heat aging peel strength is tested after the sample is cured for 72 hours in the standard environment, the sample is placed in a blowing drying oven at the temperature of 107 +/-2 ℃ for 7 days, and then the sample is placed at the normal temperature for 2 hours.
The test results are summarized in the following table:
remarking:
destruction form: (1) CF adhesive cohesive failure, (2) AF adhesive failure, (3) ACFP peel mode adhesive and cohesive mixed failure.
As can be seen from the above table, compared with comparative examples 1 to 3, the aqueous dispersions prepared by the compounding reaction of the crystalline dimer acid-modified polyester polyol, the bisphenol a polyether polyol and other materials in examples 1 to 5 have better initial adhesion to the plastic substrate, have good thermal activation characteristics, and significantly improve the adhesion peel strength of the system.
It should be noted that the above examples are only for further illustration and description of the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to further limit the technical solution of the present invention, and the method of the present invention is only a preferred embodiment, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
wherein the functionality of the crystalline dimer acid type polyester polyol is 2-2.5, and the molecular weight is 1000-3000 g/moL;
the bisphenol A polyether polyol is at least one selected from bis-hydroxyethyl bisphenol A or bisphenol A bis-isopropoxide ether.
2. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16-20 parts of diisocyanate, 4.5-7.8 parts of small molecular diol, 0.001-0.02 part of catalyst, 65-80 parts of crystalline dimer acid type polyester polyol, 1.2-2.8 parts of aminosulfonic acid type chain extender, 80-120 parts of water and 0.5-1 part of amine chain extender.
3. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the diisocyanate is at least one selected from the group consisting of isophorone diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2, 4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and 4, 4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
4. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sulfamic acid type chain extender is at least one selected from the group consisting of a95, X506, PPS.
5. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bisphenol a polyether polyol is selected from at least one of Dianol320, Dianol220, agodiiol P2, D-33, BA-P2, BSA-30F, BSA-20F.
6. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amine chain extender is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylenediamine and hexamethylenediamine.
7. The aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrophilic low-boiling solvent is at least one selected from acetone and methyl ethyl ketone.
8. The process for preparing an aqueous polyurethane dispersion according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
adding bisphenol A polyether polyol and a catalyst into a reaction vessel, heating to 50 ℃, adding diisocyanate, reacting at 80 ℃ for 1.5-2 h, cooling to 60 ℃, adding crystalline dimer acid modified polyester polyol, and reacting at 80 ℃ for 1-2 h to generate a prepolymer;
and cooling the prepolymer to 50-60 ℃, adding a hydrophilic low-boiling point solvent to reduce the viscosity of the prepolymer, and adding a sulfonic acid type ion chain extender to react for 15min to obtain a first chain extension reaction product.
And adding water into the first chain extension reaction product, carrying out high-speed shearing emulsification, adding an amine chain extender to remove unreacted NCO groups in the dispersion, continuing stirring, and finally decompressing and distilling out the low-boiling-point organic solvent to obtain the high-performance polyurethane resin.
9. Use of the aqueous polyurethane dispersion of any one of claims 1 to 7 for the preparation of an aqueous polyurethane adhesive.
10. The waterborne polyurethane adhesive is characterized by being prepared by mainly compounding the waterborne polyurethane dispersion disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 7 with a rheological additive, a pH regulator and a defoaming agent.
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