CN114149225A - Expansive compact impervious concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Expansive compact impervious concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008030 superplasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001481710 Cerambycidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008130 triterpenoid saponins Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2623—Polyvinylalcohols; Polyvinylacetates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/281—Polyepoxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/282—Polyurethanes; Polyisocyanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of concrete, and particularly discloses expanded compact impervious concrete and a preparation method thereof. The expanded compact impervious concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450 parts of cement, 60-80 parts of fly ash, 40-60 parts of silica fume, 720 parts of fine aggregate, 1300 parts of coarse aggregate, 160 parts of water 140, 30-50 parts of expanding agent, 0.03-0.05 part of air entraining agent, 7-10 parts of water reducing agent, 20-25 parts of filler, 20-25 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin and 18-22 parts of waterborne epoxy resin. The expansive compact impervious concrete has the advantage of excellent impervious performance.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to expansive compact impervious concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of society, people gradually expand the living and developing space, and continuously build new buildings for meeting the living demands of people. Concrete is one of the most important civil engineering materials of the present generation. The artificial stone is prepared by uniformly mixing granular aggregate, a cementing material, water, necessary additives and an admixture according to a certain proportion, compacting, molding, curing and hardening.
The concrete has a long history, and has the advantages of low price, rich raw materials, easy preparation and the like, so that the concrete is more and more widely applied in the modern society. Because the compressive strength, the breaking strength and the wear resistance of the concrete are good, the concrete is applied to civil engineering, and the service life of the building engineering can be obviously prolonged. In addition, the strength grade range of the concrete is wide, so that the concrete is widely applied to the fields of shipbuilding, mechanical industry, geothermal engineering and the like.
At present, more and more functional concrete, such as frost resistant concrete, expansive concrete, impervious concrete, etc., is developed to meet some special purposes. The applicant finds that in practical application, air bubbles are easily introduced into concrete in a mixing process, so that pores exist in the concrete, and rainwater exists in the pores of the concrete after continuous washing of rainwater and other liquids, so that the impermeability of the concrete is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the impermeability of concrete, the application provides expanded compact impermeable concrete and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides an expansive dense impervious concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the expanded compact impervious concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450 parts of cement, 60-80 parts of fly ash, 40-60 parts of silica fume, 720 parts of fine aggregate, 1300 parts of coarse aggregate, 160 parts of water 140, 30-50 parts of expanding agent, 0.03-0.05 part of air entraining agent, 7-10 parts of water reducing agent, 20-25 parts of filler, 20-25 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin and 18-22 parts of waterborne epoxy resin.
By adopting the technical scheme, the expanded compact impervious concrete has excellent impermeability, lower water seepage height and higher seepage pressure resistance, wherein the range of the water seepage height is 4.8-5.7 mm; the range of the impervious pressure is 3.4-4.1 MPa. In the application, the synergistic effect among the raw materials in the expansive compact impervious concrete obviously improves the impermeability, increases the application range of the expansive compact impervious concrete and meets the market demand.
In the application, the waterborne polyurethane resin is added, water is used as a carrier, and the waterborne polyurethane resin can be uniformly mixed with all raw materials in the expansive compact anti-permeability concrete through mechanical stirring, so that the viscosity of the concrete is improved, and the waterborne polyurethane resin can form a film, so that the waterproof and anti-permeability performances of the concrete are improved; in addition, the raw materials of the expansive compact impervious concrete are added with the water-based epoxy resin, and the addition of the water-based epoxy resin can improve the viscosity of the concrete and has higher adhesive force, so that the expansive compact impervious concrete has better compatibility with other raw materials; the aqueous polyurethane resin and the aqueous epoxy resin can improve the viscosity of the expansive compact impervious concrete, can form a film, enhances the waterproof capability of the expansive compact impervious concrete, and is also beneficial to improving the mechanical and wear-resisting properties of the concrete. However, the applicant finds that the cost of the aqueous epoxy resin and the aqueous polyurethane resin is high, so that the application amount of the aqueous epoxy resin and the aqueous polyurethane resin is limited, in the expansive compact impervious concrete, the addition amount of the aqueous epoxy resin and the aqueous polyurethane resin is relatively low, and although the aqueous epoxy resin or the aqueous polyurethane resin can form a film, a small amount of the aqueous epoxy resin or the aqueous polyurethane resin is difficult to completely cover the concrete, namely, the concrete can be difficult to be completely waterproof, so that the waterproof and impervious effects of the aqueous epoxy resin or the aqueous polyurethane resin in the concrete are limited. The applicant finds that when the waterborne epoxy resin and the waterborne polyurethane resin are simultaneously used, a chemical reaction can be carried out between the waterborne epoxy resin and the waterborne polyurethane resin to generate a solid product, the solid product is compact and has a three-dimensional network structure, the pores in the concrete can be obviously reduced, the concrete can be more compact, and the impermeability of the expansive compact impermeable concrete can be obviously improved.
Optionally, the raw materials of the expanded compact impervious concrete further comprise 5-10 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polyvinyl alcohol can form a film, and meanwhile, the polyvinyl alcohol structure contains a plurality of hydroxyl groups and has strong water absorption capacity, so that the further penetration of water in the expansive compact impervious concrete can be reduced; in addition, hydrogen bond interaction force can be formed between a plurality of hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl alcohol and oxygen atoms and nitrogen atoms in the water-based polyurethane resin and the water-based epoxy resin, so that on one hand, the compact products obtained by the reaction of the water-based epoxy resin and the water-based polyurethane resin reduce pores in concrete, so that the concrete is more compact, on the other hand, the penetration of water is further reduced by the polyvinyl alcohol film forming, the interaction force between the polyvinyl alcohol and the water-based epoxy resin enables the action area of the products of the polyvinyl alcohol, the water-based epoxy resin and the water-based polyurethane resin in the concrete to be larger, and the impermeability of the expanded impervious compact concrete is further enhanced. Also, when the content of the polyvinyl alcohol is within the above range, the influence on the performance test result is within a predictable range.
Optionally, the raw materials of the expansive dense impervious concrete further comprise 0.5-1 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sodium polyacrylate has stronger water adsorption capacity, and simultaneously has increased viscosity and expansion when meeting water, so that the sodium polyacrylate can be added into expansive compact impervious concrete, can expand when water permeates, reduces gaps in the concrete, increases the viscosity of the concrete and enhances the impermeability of the concrete.
Optionally, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer has the advantages of higher water reducing rate, higher performance, good fluidity, obvious concrete reinforcing effect and capability of reducing the shrinkage of concrete.
Optionally, the fine aggregate is one or more of river sand and quartz sand.
By adopting the technical scheme, the raw materials of the fine aggregate are easy to obtain, and when the substance in any range is the fine aggregate, the influence on the performance detection result is within a predictable range.
Optionally, the filler is one or more of silicon carbide, silicon nitride and quartz powder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the raw materials of the filler are easy to obtain, and the fillers have high hardness, so that the mechanical property of the concrete can be enhanced, and meanwhile, the fillers can be tightly filled in the inner pores of the concrete to enhance the impermeability of the expansive compact impermeable concrete.
Optionally, the grain size of the filler is 5-50 μm continuous gradation, and the mass ratio of the filler with the grain size distributed in 25-50 μm to the filler with the grain size distributed in 5-25 μm is 3-3.5: 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the filler with larger particle size can enhance the strength of concrete, and the filler with smaller particle size can fill the pores among the fillers with large particle size, so that the expanded compact impervious concrete is more compact, and the impermeability of the expanded compact impervious concrete is further improved.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of the expansive compact impervious concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation method of expanded compact impervious concrete comprises the following steps:
step S1: stirring the raw materials of the expanded compact impervious concrete except the filler, the waterborne polyurethane resin and the waterborne epoxy resin until the raw materials are uniformly mixed, then adding the filler, and stirring until the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture I;
step S2: adding the waterborne polyurethane resin into the mixture I, and stirring until the waterborne polyurethane resin and the mixture I are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture II;
step S3: and adding the aqueous epoxy resin into the mixture II, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain the expanded compact impervious concrete.
By adopting the technical scheme, the raw materials of the expanded compact anti-permeability concrete except the filler, the waterborne polyurethane resin and the waterborne epoxy resin are stirred to be uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture containing pores, and then the filler is added into the mixture to fully fill the pores in the concrete and enhance the anti-permeability performance of the concrete; the water-based polyurethane resin is added into the mixture I and uniformly stirred to obtain a mixture II, the water-based epoxy resin is added into the mixture II and uniformly mixed, and the reaction product of the water-based epoxy resin and the water-based polyurethane resin is more uniformly mixed in the expanded compact impervious concrete, so that the impermeability of the concrete can be further improved.
In summary, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. the water-based epoxy resin and the water-based polyurethane resin are added into the raw materials of the expanded compact impervious concrete, and the water-based epoxy resin and the water-based polyurethane resin are cooperated, so that the impervious performance of the expanded compact impervious concrete is remarkably improved, the water seepage height is as low as 4.8mm, and the impervious pressure is as high as 4.1 MPa;
2. the anti-permeability performance of the expansive compact anti-permeability concrete is further improved by adding polyvinyl alcohol into the raw materials of the expansive compact anti-permeability concrete, so that the water permeability height is reduced to 4.2mm, and the anti-permeability pressure is increased to 4.5 MPa;
3. the anti-permeability performance of the expansive compact anti-permeability concrete is further improved by adding the sodium polyacrylate into the raw materials of the expansive compact anti-permeability concrete, so that the water seepage height of the expansive compact anti-permeability concrete is reduced to 4.4mm, and the anti-permeability pressure is increased to 4.4 MPa.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Raw materials
The cement is selected from Guangdong Honghu building materials Co.Ltd; fly ash, model 325 mesh, and selected from Capricorn seaside mineral products trade Co., Ltd; silica fume with a particle size of 800 meshes and selected from Guangdong source epitaxy powder company Limited; the air entraining agent is selected from Hainan Xingsheng hair chemical science and technology limited; the swelling agent is selected from Nanjing Teheng building materials science and technology limited; the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is a powder type and is selected from Limited liability company of Shengwei concrete admixtures in Kunming city; the waterborne polyurethane resin is F0401 and is selected from Jitian chemical industry Co., Ltd, Shenzhen city; an aqueous epoxy resin having a model number of 4014 and selected from Wuhanshi Quanxing New Material science and technology Co., Ltd; naphthalene water reducing agent with a product number of 2319 and selected from Shanghai Henheng chemical Co., Ltd; the sodium polyacrylate is selected from chemical technology of chemical engineering, Inc. of Jinanxi river; polyvinyl alcohol, type 50, and selected from Koppel chemical Co., Ltd.
Examples
TABLE 1 examples 1-4 concrete content (kg) of each raw material
| Raw materials | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 |
| Cement | 400 | 420 | 440 | 450 |
| Fly ash | 80 | 70 | 65 | 60 |
| Silica fume | 40 | 45 | 50 | 60 |
| Fine aggregate | 720 | 680 | 630 | 600 |
| Coarse aggregate | 1100 | 1150 | 1200 | 1300 |
| Water (W) | 160 | 150 | 145 | 140 |
| Expanding agent | 30 | 35 | 45 | 50 |
| Air entraining agent | 0.03 | 0.035 | 0.04 | 0.05 |
| Water reducing agent | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 |
| Filler material | 20 | 22 | 24 | 25 |
| Aqueous polyurethane resin | 25 | 24 | 22 | 20 |
| Aqueous epoxy resin | 22 | 20 | 19 | 18 |
Example 1
The raw material contents of the expansive compact impervious concrete are shown in Table 1.
Wherein, the cement is P.C 32.5.5R ordinary portland cement;
the fine aggregate is river sand, the mud content of the river sand is 1.3 percent, and the apparent density is 2.40g/cm3Fineness modulus of 2.48 and bulk density of 1540kg/m3The compact bulk density is 1670/m3；
The coarse aggregate is limestone with the apparent density of 2.93g/cm3The bulk density was 1440kg/m3Tap density of 1600kg/m3The crushing index is 3.44%, the particle size is 8mm, the content of needle-shaped particles in the coarse aggregate is 6.4%, and the weatherproof particles are washed by water before use and then dried, so that the mud content and the water content of the weatherproof particles can be ignored;
the expanding agent is UEA-IV concrete expanding agent;
the air entraining agent is a triterpenoid saponin concrete air entraining agent;
the water reducing agent is a high-performance polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent;
the filler is silicon carbide, the grain size distribution is 5-50 mu m continuous gradation, and the mass ratio of the filler with the grain size distribution of 25-50 mu m to the filler with the grain size distribution of 5-25 mu m is 1: 1;
the waterborne polyurethane resin is F0401;
the waterborne epoxy resin is model 4014.
A preparation method of expanded compact impervious concrete comprises the following steps:
step S1: stirring the raw materials of the expanded compact impervious concrete except the filler, the waterborne polyurethane resin and the waterborne epoxy resin until the raw materials are uniformly mixed, then adding the filler, and stirring for 30min at the rotating speed of 500rpm to obtain a mixture I;
step S2: adding the waterborne polyurethane resin into the mixture I, and stirring at the rotating speed of 800rpm for 25min to obtain a mixture II;
step S3: and adding the aqueous epoxy resin into the mixture II, and stirring at the rotating speed of 300rpm for 50min to obtain the expanded compact impervious concrete.
Examples 2 to 4
The expansive dense impervious concrete of examples 2 to 4 was different from that of example 1 in that the contents of each raw material of the expansive dense impervious concrete were different, and the rest was the same as example 1.
Example 5
The expanded compact impervious concrete is different from the concrete in example 3 in that the water reducing agent is a naphthalene water reducing agent, and the rest is the same as that in example 3.
Example 6
An expanded dense impermeable concrete, which is different from example 3 in that the mass ratio of a filler having a particle size distribution of 25 to 50 μm to a filler having a particle size distribution of 5 to 25 μm is 3:1, and the rest is the same as example 3.
Example 7
The expanded compact impervious concrete is different from the concrete in example 6 in that the filler is a mixture of silicon nitride and quartz powder, the mass ratio of the silicon nitride to the quartz powder is 1:1, and the rest is the same as that in example 6.
Example 8
An expanded compact impermeable concrete, which is different from example 6 in that 8kg of polyvinyl alcohol was further included in the raw material of the expanded compact impermeable concrete, and the rest was the same as example 6.
Example 9
An expanded compact impermeable concrete, which is different from example 6 in that 0.8kg of sodium polyacrylate was further included in the raw materials of the expanded compact impermeable concrete, and the rest was the same as example 6.
Example 10
An expanded compact impermeable concrete, which is different from that of example 6 in that the expanded compact impermeable concrete further comprises 8kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.8kg of sodium polyacrylate as raw materials, and the rest is the same as that of example 6.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
An expansive dense impervious concrete which is different from that of example 1 in that the raw material of the expansive dense impervious concrete is not added with aqueous polyurethane resin, and the rest is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 2
An expansive dense impervious concrete which is different from that of example 1 in that no aqueous epoxy resin is added to the raw materials of the expansive dense impervious concrete, which is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 3
The expanded compact impervious concrete is different from the concrete in the embodiment 1 in that the raw materials of the expanded compact impervious concrete are not added with waterborne epoxy resin and waterborne polyurethane resin, and the rest is the same as the concrete in the embodiment 1.
Performance test
The following property tests were carried out on the expansive dense impervious concrete prepared in examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 3:
respectively manufacturing 13 expanded compact impervious concrete into standard test blocks according to the standard GB/T50082-2009 test method for long-term performance and durability of common concrete, and detecting the water seepage height of the 13 test blocks;
according to the standard GB/T50082-2009 test method for long-term performance and durability of common concrete, 13 kinds of expansive compact impervious concrete are respectively made into standard test blocks, the impervious pressure of the 13 kinds of test blocks is detected, and the detection results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 test results
As can be seen from Table 2, the expansive dense impervious concrete of the present application has high impermeability. Wherein the range of the water seepage height is 3.9-5.7 mm; the anti-seepage pressure range is 3.4-4.9 MPa. The expansive compact impervious concrete obviously improves the impermeability of the concrete through the synergistic effect of the raw materials, increases the application range of the concrete, and meets the market demand.
Comparing the comparative example 1 with the example 1, the water seepage height of the expanded compact impervious concrete prepared in the comparative example 1 is 7.9mm, and the seepage pressure resistance is 1.1 MPa; the water penetration height of the expanded dense impermeable concrete prepared in example 1 was 5.6mm, and the permeation pressure was 3.6 MPa. Compared with example 1, the raw materials of the expanded compact impervious concrete in comparative example 1 are not added with the aqueous polyurethane resin, so that the impermeability of the concrete is obviously reduced. The waterborne polyurethane resin is polyurethane taking water as a dispersion medium, can be uniformly mixed with other raw materials in the expanded compact anti-permeability concrete, can improve the viscosity of the concrete, and is easy to form a film, so that the concrete is more compact, and the anti-permeability capability of the concrete is enhanced.
Comparing the comparative example 2 with the example 1, the water seepage height of the expanded compact impervious concrete prepared in the comparative example 2 is 8.6mm, and the seepage pressure resistance is 1.4 MPa; the water penetration height of the expanded dense impermeable concrete prepared in example 1 was 5.6mm, and the permeation pressure was 3.6 MPa. Compared with example 1, the raw materials of the expanded compact impervious concrete in comparative example 2 are not added with the water-based epoxy resin, so that the impermeability of the concrete is remarkably reduced. The water-based epoxy resin has higher adsorption capacity, can be adsorbed on other raw materials in the expanded compact impervious concrete, further improves the compactness of the concrete, reduces the generation of pores in the concrete, and further improves the impermeability of the concrete.
Comparing the comparative example 3 with the example 1, the water seepage height of the expanded compact impervious concrete prepared in the comparative example 3 is 11.2mm, and the seepage pressure resistance is 0.7 MPa; the water penetration height of the expanded dense impermeable concrete prepared in example 1 was 5.6mm, and the permeation pressure was 3.6 MPa. Compared with example 1, the raw materials of the expanded compact impermeable concrete in the comparative example 3 are not added with the waterborne polyurethane resin and the waterborne epoxy resin, and the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 are combined, so that the impermeable performance of the expanded compact impermeable concrete in the comparative example 3 is further reduced. The synergistic effect exists between the waterborne epoxy resin and the waterborne polyurethane resin, and the impermeability of the concrete can be further improved by the synergistic effect of the waterborne epoxy resin and the waterborne polyurethane resin. The water-based epoxy resin and the water-based polyurethane resin can generate chemical reaction to generate a compact solid with a three-dimensional network structure, so that the concrete is more compact, the pores in the concrete are reduced, and the impermeability of the concrete is improved.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The expanded compact impervious concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450 parts of cement, 60-80 parts of fly ash, 40-60 parts of silica fume, 720 parts of fine aggregate, 1300 parts of coarse aggregate, 160 parts of water 140, 30-50 parts of expanding agent, 0.03-0.05 part of air entraining agent, 7-10 parts of water reducing agent, 20-25 parts of filler, 20-25 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin and 18-22 parts of waterborne epoxy resin.
2. The expanded compact impervious concrete according to claim 1, wherein the raw material of the expanded compact impervious concrete further comprises 5 to 10 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol.
3. The expanded compact impervious concrete of claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the expanded compact impervious concrete further comprise 0.5 to 1 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate.
4. The expansive dense impervious concrete according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
5. The expanded compact impervious concrete according to claim 1, wherein the fine aggregate is one or more of river sand and quartz sand.
6. The expansive dense impervious concrete of claim 1, wherein the filler is one or more of silicon carbide, silicon nitride and quartz powder.
7. The expanded compact impermeable concrete according to claim 6, characterized in that the filler has a continuous gradation of particle size of 5-50 μm and the mass ratio of filler having a particle size distribution of 25-50 μm to filler having a particle size distribution of 5-25 μm is 3-3.5: 1.
8. A method for preparing expanded compact impermeable concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
step S1: stirring the raw materials of the expanded compact impervious concrete except the filler, the waterborne polyurethane resin and the waterborne epoxy resin until the raw materials are uniformly mixed, then adding the filler, and stirring until the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture I;
step S2: adding the waterborne polyurethane resin into the mixture I, and stirring until the waterborne polyurethane resin and the mixture I are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture II;
step S3: and adding the aqueous epoxy resin into the mixture II, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain the expanded compact impervious concrete.
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