CN114148999B - Double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114148999B CN114148999B CN202111502290.6A CN202111502290A CN114148999B CN 114148999 B CN114148999 B CN 114148999B CN 202111502290 A CN202111502290 A CN 202111502290A CN 114148999 B CN114148999 B CN 114148999B
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/65—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing carbon
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
- G01N21/643—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" non-biological material
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- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
- G01N2021/6432—Quenching
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs is prepared from a mixture of chicken Blood and trisodium citrate dihydrate by a hydrothermal method, and the double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs is used for preparing Fe in an aqueous medium 3+ And Hg of 2+ Has high selectivity and sensitivity. The fluorescence of the double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs prepared by the invention can be influenced by Fe in an aqueous medium 3+ And Hg of 2+ Quenching, and has high selectivity and sensitivity; in addition, F ‑ Can selectively recover Fe 3+ Quenched fluorescence, al 3+ Selectable recovery of Hg 2+ Quenched fluorescence. Therefore, the dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs can be used for distinguishing Fe 3+ And Hg of 2+ Is especially applied to the detection of Fe in livestock feed or environmental water sample 3+ And Hg of 2+ Is used for quantitative detection and identification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fluorescent probes, and particularly relates to a double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the breeding industry, livestock and poultry breeding wastewater containing heavy metal ions is discharged in a large amount, so that the heavy metal ions enter soil, water and even the atmosphere. These heavy metal ions then migrate through the food chain to grains, forage grass etc., resulting in serious degradation of the quality and safety of the livestock products, which poses a threat to human health.
Fe 3+ As an important component of hemoglobin, is involved in various metabolic processes of the body, but Fe in vivo 3+ Lack or excess levels can lead to physical dysfunction and even diseases such as renal failure, anemia, heart disease, liver damage, and the like. Therefore, a highly selective and highly sensitive method was developed for quantitatively monitoring Fe in an environment 3+ It is very necessary.
Hg 2+ Is considered as one of heavy metal ions with strong toxicity, and has the characteristics of durability, high biotoxicity, carcinogenicity, difficult biodegradability and the like. It can invade the human body through the respiratory and digestive tracts and even the skin, causing serious damage to the nervous system, heart, kidneys and many other organs even at low concentrations. Thus, hg in the environment is monitored 2+ It is also of vital importance.
Fe in common use 3+ And Hg of 2+ Detection methods include inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, electrochemical methods, and atomic absorption spectrometry. While these methods have certain advantages in terms of sensitivity and multi-element detection capability, they are too complex and time-consuming. Therefore, other methods have been developed to overcome these disadvantages, and fluorescence spectroscopy has been attracting attention due to its low cost, rapid analysis, high selectivity and sensitivity, and ease of operation. Carbon Dots (CDs) are emerging carbonaceous materials with unique properties, including simple preparation, high fluorescence intensity, low toxicity, high stability, good water solubility and biocompatibility, etc., and are widely used in the fields of ion and small molecule detection, biological imaging, etc. Currently, carbon point probes have been reported to detect a variety of metal ions, but because of itsThey generate the same signal and cannot distinguish the detection of metal ions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs, a preparation method and application thereof, and specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
a dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs is prepared from chicken Blood and trisodium citrate dihydrate by hydrothermal method.
Because the fluorescence of the double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs can be influenced by Fe in an aqueous medium 3+ And Hg of 2+ Quenching, and has high selectivity and sensitivity; in addition, F - Can selectively recover Fe 3+ Quenched fluorescence, al 3+ Selectable recovery of Hg 2+ Quenched fluorescence.
Therefore, the invention also provides a double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs in Fe 3+ And Hg of 2+ Application in the detection field, preferably in the detection of Fe in livestock feed or environmental water samples 3+ And Hg of 2+ Is used in the application of (a). Through researches, the dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs is specific to Fe 3+ And Hg of 2+ Shows good linear range broad characteristics, 0-100. Mu.M and 0-120. Mu.M, respectively. And through calculation, the dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs is used for resisting Fe 3+ The detection limit of (C) is 0.23 mu M for Hg 2+ The detection limit of (2) is 0.17 mu M, and the detection recovery rate is high.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs, which comprises the following steps: mixing chicken blood and trisodium citrate dihydrate, performing hydrothermal reaction at 180 ℃ for 1 day to obtain dark brown solution, centrifuging, filtering with a filter membrane to remove large particles, collecting supernatant, performing dialysis for 1 day to remove small particles, and finally collecting the supernatant by a freeze-drying method, wherein the ratio of the chicken blood to the trisodium citrate dihydrate is 1mL:10mg.
Preferably, the hydrothermal process is carried out in a polytetrafluoroethylene autoclave having a specification of 50mL.
The centrifugation conditions were: centrifuge at 11000rpm for 12 minutes.
The specification of the filter membrane is 0.22 μm.
Dialysis was performed using a dialysis membrane, the specification of which was 1000Da.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs prepared by the invention show pairing with Fe in an aqueous medium 3+ And Hg of 2+ High selectivity and sensitivity to Fe 3+ And Hg of 2+ The test of (C) shows a characteristic of a wide linear range of 0 to 100. Mu.M and 0 to 120. Mu.M, respectively, for Fe 3+ The detection limit of (C) is 0.23 mu M for Hg 2+ The detection limit of (2) was 0.17. Mu.M. In addition, the probe pair Fe 3+ And Hg of 2+ Has a fluorescence quenching reaction, and F - Can selectively recover Fe 3+ Quenched fluorescence, al 3+ Can specifically recover Hg 2+ Quenched fluorescence. Therefore, the dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs can be used for distinguishing Fe 3+ And Hg of 2+ Is especially applied to the detection of Fe in livestock feed or environmental water sample 3+ And Hg of 2+ Is used for quantitative detection and identification.
Drawings
FIG. 1 (a) is a TEM and HRTEM image of a dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs of the present invention; FIG. 1 (b) shows the particle size distribution of the dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs; FIG. 1 (c) is an XRD pattern of a dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs; FIG. 1 (d) is a FT-IR diagram of a dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs;
FIG. 2 (a) is a XPS full spectrum of the dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs of the present invention; FIG. 2 (b) is a high resolution spectrum of C1 s; FIG. 2 (c) is an N1s high resolution spectrum; FIG. 2 (d) is a high resolution spectrum of O1 s;
FIG. 3 (a) is a photograph of ultraviolet absorption and fluorescence spectra of the dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs of the present invention, and under sunlight (left) and 365nm ultraviolet lamp (right); FIG. 3 (b) is a fluorescence emission spectrum of a dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs at different excitation wavelengths;
FIG. 4 (a) shows the 7-day fluorescence intensity of the dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs of the present invention; FIG. 4 (b) shows the fluorescence intensity of the dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs at different pH values;
FIG. 5 (a) is M of example 5 of the present invention n+ @BlooFluorescent pictures of d-CDs under ultraviolet lamp (365 nm); FIG. 5 (b) is M n+ Fluorescence intensity change of @ Blood-CDs under 449nm wavelength excitation; FIG. 5 (c) is M n+ The @ Blood-CDs were excited at 449nm wavelength and Hg respectively 2+ Fluorescence intensity change in presence/absence; FIG. 5 (d) is M n+ The @ Blood-CDs are excited at 449nm wavelength and are respectively Fe 3+ Fluorescence intensity change in presence/absence;
FIG. 6 (a) shows the two-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs of the present invention containing different concentrations of Hg 2+ (0-120. Mu.M); FIG. 6 (b) is Hg 2+ F of (2) 0 a/F value change curve; FIG. 6 (c) shows a dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs containing different concentrations of Fe 3+ (0-100. Mu.M); FIG. 6 (b) is Fe 3+ F of (2) 0 a/F value change curve;
FIG. 7 shows a double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs and Hg of the invention 2+ Blood-CDs and Fe 3+ Fluorescent lifetime curves for @ Blood-CDs;
FIG. 8 shows a double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs and Hg of the invention 2+ Blood-CDs and Fe 3+ Ultraviolet absorbance spectra of @ Blood-CDs;
FIG. 9 (a) shows a double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs and Hg according to the present invention 2+ @Blood-CDs、Al 3+ @Blood-CDs-Hg 2 + And F - @Blood-CDs-Hg 2+ Photographs under ultraviolet light; FIG. 9 (b) is a two-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs, hg 2+ @Blood-CDs、Al 3+ @Blood-CDs-Hg 2+ And F - @Blood-CDs-Hg 2+ Fluorescence spectrum under 370nm excitation; FIG. 9 (c) is a double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs, fe 3+ @Blood-CDs、F - @Blood-CDs-Fe 3+ And Al 3+ @Blood-CDs-Fe 3+ Photographs under ultraviolet light; FIG. 9 (d) shows a double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs, fe 3+ @Blood-CDs、F - @Blood-CDs-Fe 3+ And Al 3+ @Blood-CDs-Fe 3+ Fluorescence spectrum under 370nm excitation;
FIG. 10 (a) shows a dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs, al according to the present invention 3+ Blood-CDs and F - The @ Blood-CDs are at 365nm of a picture under an ultraviolet lamp; FIG. 10 (b) shows a dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs, al 3+ Blood-CDs and F - Fluorescence spectrum of @ Blood-CDs at 370nm excitation wavelength;
FIG. 11 (a) shows a double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs and Hg of the present invention 2+ Blood-CDs and Al 3+ @Blood-CDs-Hg 2+ Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of (a); FIG. 11 (b) shows a double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs, fe 3+ Blood-CDs and F - @Blood-CDs-Fe 3+ Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of (a);
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the process of preparing dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs and the dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs to Fe according to the present invention 3+ And Hg of 2+ Is provided.
Detailed Description
The conception and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings to fully understand the objects, aspects and effects of the present invention.
Chemicals and instrumentation used in the present invention:
chemical:
chicken blood is from chickens purchased in local markets of Nanchang, jiangxi province, china. Except trisodium citrate dihydrate was from the chemical of the ridge chemical (china), other chemicals were from the company ala Ding Shiji (china). An aqueous solution of metal ions is prepared from its chloride or nitrate.
Instrument:
observing the morphology and structure of Blood-CDs in a FEI Tecnai G2F 20 high resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM);
the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was measured with Cu-kα radiation (λ=1.5406 nm) on a D8 ADVANCE diffractometer;
measuring fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR) at PerkinElmer spectrum-II fourier transform infrared spectrometer;
measuring X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) on a Thermo ESCALAB 250XI electron spectrometer;
fluorescence spectra were recorded on an INESA 970CRT fluorescence spectrophotometer;
the uv-vis absorbance spectrum was measured at Gold spectrorumlab 54 uv-vis spectrophotometer.
Example 1
Preparing a double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs:
5mL chicken Blood and 50mg trisodium citrate dihydrate were mixed, transferred to a 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene autoclave, reacted at 180 ℃ for 1 day to obtain a dark brown solution, centrifuged at 11000rpm for 12 minutes, then filtered with a 0.22 μm filter membrane to remove large particles, the supernatant was collected, the small particles were removed by dialysis for one day with a 1000Da dialysis membrane, blood-CDs were collected by a freeze-drying method, and finally Blood-CDs were dispersed in water to prepare a 0.25mg/mL solution.
The process for preparing the double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs according to the invention is shown in FIG. 12, wherein the fluorescence of the double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs can be obtained by Fe in an aqueous medium 3+ And Hg of 2+ Quenching, and has high selectivity and sensitivity; adding F - Can selectively recover Fe 3+ Quenched fluorescence, adding Al 3+ Can selectively recover Hg 2+ Quenched fluorescence.
Example 2
Characterization of the two-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs:
as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the morphology and size of Blood-CDs were analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), which showed that the Blood-CDs were uniformly dispersed as individual particles, and a high-resolution TEM image showed that they had clear lattice edges with a spacing of 0.21nm, which was consistent with the lattice spacing of the graphitic carbon (100).
As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the Blood-CDs had a particle size distribution of between 3.5 and 6.5nm and an average particle size of about 4.9nm.
As shown in fig. 1 (c), the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern has a broad diffraction peak at 2θ=23°, which is caused by the interlayer spacing of the disordered carbon atoms and the graphite structure.
As shown in FIG. 1 (d), fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) shows 3453cm -1 、3274cm -1 And 2965-2923cm -1 The absorption peaks of (a) correspond to the tensile vibrations of O-H, N-H and C-H, respectively; 1591cm -1 Corresponds to the strong absorption peak of (2)Asymmetric stretching vibration of c=o; 1394-1441cm -1 Several absorption peaks of (a) correspond to the tensile vibrations of c=c and C-O; 1079cm -1 And 1282-1305cm -1 Corresponds to the tensile vibration of C-N; 1157-1194cm -1 Corresponds to the C-O stretching vibration.
As shown in fig. 2 (a), X-ray photoenergy spectrum (XPS) showed three distinct peaks at 285.34eV, 400.07eV and 531.86eV, corresponding to C1s, N1s and O1s, respectively, calculated as 66.18%, 12.40% and 20.42% carbon, nitrogen and oxygen contents, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2 (b), the C1s high resolution spectrum is divided into three peaks centered at 288.01eV, 286.12eV and 284.80eV, respectively attributed to c= O, C-N/C-O and C-C/c=c.
As shown in FIG. 2 (C), the N1s high resolution spectrum contains only one peak at 399.79eV, corresponding to the C-N functional group.
As shown in fig. 2 (d), the O1s high resolution spectrum is split into two peaks at 532.41eV and 531.21eV, due to C-O and c=o, respectively.
Example 3
Optical characteristics of the dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs were determined:
as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the aqueous solution of Blood-CDs was pale yellow in sunlight, but it was brightly blue-fluorescent under ultraviolet irradiation (365 nm). The uv-vis absorption spectrum shows two broad weak absorption peaks at 280nm and 400nm, due to pi-pi transition of c=o bond and N-pi transition of C-N bond, respectively, the emission (red line) and excitation (blue line) spectra of Blood-CDs, indicating that the optimal excitation and emission wavelengths are at 370nm and 449nm, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the emission peak of Blood-CDs gradually red-shifted as the excitation wavelength increased from 320nm to 400nm, which suggests that Blood-CDs exhibit excitation-dependent Photoluminescence (PL) characteristics, and the quantum yield of Blood-CDs was calculated to be 13.78%.
As shown in FIG. 4 (a), after 7 days of standing, the fluorescence intensity of Blood-CDs did not change significantly, which indicates that the fluorescence of Blood-CDs in an aqueous medium was stable.
As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the fluorescence intensity of Blood-CDs was very stable in the pH range of 3-7, and decreased in the pH range of 1-2 and 8-14, indicating that the optimal condition for fluorescence detection of Blood-CDs is a weakly acidic environment.
Example 4
Preparing metal ions:
the different metal ions (10. Mu.L, 0.1M) were added to 2mL,0.25mg/mL of Blood-CDs aqueous solution, respectively, to give M n+ @Blood-CDs(M n+ =Zn 2+ ,Cd 2+ ,Na + ,Mg 2+ ,K + ,Ag + ,Fe 2+ ,Pb 2+ ,Ni 2+ ,Co 2+ ,Fe 3+ ,Hg 2+ )。
Example 5
Detection capability of double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs on metal ions prepared in example 4:
to the aqueous solution of Blood-CDs, 500. Mu.M of each metal ion (Na + 、Ag + 、K + 、Mg 2+ 、Ni 2+ 、Cd 2+ 、Zn 2+ 、Co 2+ 、Fe 2+ 、Pb 2+ 、Hg 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ ). As shown in FIG. 5 (a), na + 、Ag + 、K + 、Mg 2+ 、Ni 2+ 、Cd 2+ 、Zn 2+ 、Co 2+ 、Fe 2+ And Pb 2+ After addition, the change in Blood-CDs fluorescence intensity was negligible. To which Hg is added 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ After that, the fluorescence of the probe is obviously quenched by naked eyes under an ultraviolet lamp, and the observation result is further confirmed by a fluorescence spectrum.
As shown in FIG. 5 (b), zn is added separately 2+ 、Cd 2+ 、Na + Or Mg (Mg) 2+ After that, the fluorescence intensity of Blood-CDs at 449nm has no obvious change; respectively adding K + 、Ag + 、Fe 2+ 、Pb 2+ 、Ni 2+ Or Co 2+ After that, the fluorescence intensity of Blood-CDs at 449nm is slightly reduced; hg is added 2+ Or Fe (Fe) 3+ After that, blood-CDs were found to have a significant fluorescence intensity at 449nmDescending. This demonstrates that the dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs pair detects Hg 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ Exhibit a high degree of selectivity.
In order to prove the potential practical application capability, the probe is also explored for detecting Hg 2+ Or Fe (Fe) 3+ Is used for the anti-interference capability of the battery. As shown in fig. 5c and 5d, the interference system M is presented n+ @Blood-CDs(M n+ =K + 、Na + 、Mg 2+ 、Fe 2+ 、Ag + 、Zn 2+ 、Cd 2+ 、Pb 2+ 、Co 2+ And Ni 2+ ) Hg is added separately 2+ Or Fe (Fe) 3+ After that, the luminous intensity is remarkably decreased. Indicating that the probe is against Hg 2+ Or Fe (Fe) 3+ The detection has good anti-interference performance.
Example 6
Double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs pair Hg 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ Is used for quantitative detection of (a):
as shown in fig. 6 (a), with Hg 2+ The fluorescence intensity of Blood-CDs gradually decreased with increasing concentration (0-120. Mu.M), as shown in FIG. 6 (c), with Fe 3+ The concentration (0-100. Mu.M) increased and the fluorescence intensity of Blood-CDs gradually decreased.
Quenching effect was quantitatively analyzed by standard Stern-Volmer equation: f (F) 0 /F=K sv [C]+1
Wherein F and F 0 Respectively in Hg 2+ Or Fe (Fe) 3+ Fluorescence intensity of Blood-CDs in the presence and absence. K (K) sv Is the Stern-Volmer quench constant. [ C]Is Hg of 2+ /Fe 3+ Is a concentration of (3). Calculated Hg 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ K of (2) sv Respectively 1.62×10 4 M -1 And 1.37X10 4 M -1 . These values indicate Hg 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ Has strong quenching effect on Blood-CDs.
As shown in FIG. 6 (b), hg 2+ Linear correlation coefficient (R) 2 ) 0.9978, as shown in FIG. 6 (d), fe 3+ Linear correlation coefficient (R) 2 ) 0.9982, which indicates that Blood-CDs have fluorescence intensity with Hg 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ Has good linearity between the concentrations of (2)Relationship. According to the formula lod=3σ/S, the detection limit of the probe for mercury ions is calculated to be 0.17 μm below the limiting concentration specified in the national wastewater comprehensive discharge standard (GB 8978-1996), and the detection limit of the probe for iron ions is calculated to be 0.23 μm below the highest allowable concentration in drinking water specified by the U.S. environmental protection agency.
Example 7
Research on Hg by double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs by using fluorescence lifetime and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ Is a quenching mechanism:
in general, the fluorescence quenching process has both static and dynamic mechanisms, with or without Hg, respectively 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ In (2) the light emission lifetime degradation of Blood-CDs was studied, and the average lifetime of Blood-CDs was calculated to be 0.712ns as shown in Table 1. As shown in FIG. 7 and Table 1, blood-CDs and Hg 2+ Or Fe (Fe) 3+ After interaction, the calculations were 0.674ns and 0.685ns, respectively, indicating that the fluorescence quenching process is a static quenching process.
TABLE 1
As shown in FIG. 8, hg was added to the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of Blood-CDs 2+ After this, the peak at 280nm disappeared and the peak at 400nm red shifted. Adding Fe 3+ After that, a new peak appears around 300nm, indicating that the surface functional group (carboxyl or hydroxyl) of Blood-CDs is bound to the analyte (Hg) 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ ) Coordination takes place between them. These complexations change the electron structure of Blood-CDs, affect the distribution of electrons, accelerate non-radiative recombination, and cause fluorescence quenching of Blood-CDs.
Example 8
Double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs for distinguishing Hg 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ Is detected:
as described in examples 6 and 7, synthetic Blood-CDs were tested for Hg 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ But exhibit good performance, however they have the same fluorescence quenching signal.
To distinguish Hg 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ In Hg 2+ Blood-CDs and Fe 3+ A series of competing ions were added to the aqueous solution of @ Blood-CDs. As shown in FIG. 9, hg 2+ Fluorescent quenching by the addition of Al 3+ Specific recovery of Fe 3+ Fluorescent quenching by the addition of F - Specific recovery, while as shown in FIG. 10, only Al was added 3+ Or F - Has little effect on the fluorescence intensity of Blood-CDs. This means that Al 3+ And F - Hg can be identified by specific recovery fluorescence quenching 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ 。
As shown in fig. 11, the mechanism leading to the recovery of fluorescence intensity is inferred to be a competitive interaction. It can be seen that for Hg 2+ @blood-CDs system, al 3+ And Blood-CDs are stronger than Hg 2+ And affinity of Blood-CDs; and for Fe 3+ @blood-CDs system, fe 3+ And F - Is stronger than Fe 3+ And affinity of Blood-CDs; these competing interactions cause Hg 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ Removed from the Blood-CDs surface, thereby restoring fluorescence.
Example 9
Double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs applied to detection of Hg in pig farm wastewater and pig feed 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ :
(1) Pretreatment of pig farm wastewater samples: filtering pig farm wastewater sample with 0.22 μm filter membrane to remove insoluble residues, and collecting Hg with standard concentration 2+ (0.4. Mu.M, 0.8. Mu.M and 1.8. Mu.M) or Fe 3+ (12. Mu.M, 24. Mu.M and 54. Mu.M) were added to the resulting treated water samples, respectively, and their fluorescence intensities at 449nm were recorded.
(2) Pretreatment of pig feed samples: after the pig feed sample is treated by adopting a microwave-assisted acid digestion method, 0.2g of pig is weighedThe feed sample is placed in a polytetrafluoroethylene tube, 2mL of a newly prepared mixture of concentrated nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide (1:1, v/v) is added into the tube, the mixture is placed for 10 minutes at room temperature, then the tube is covered, and microwaves are applied for 2-4 minutes at 720W, so that the sample is completely dissolved. Subsequently, the resultant solution was filtered with a 0.22 μm filter membrane, and the volume was fixed with water to 10mL to obtain a sample solution. Hg at standard concentration 2+ (0.4. Mu.M, 0.8. Mu.M and 1.8. Mu.M) or Fe 3+ (12. Mu.M, 24. Mu.M and 54. Mu.M) were added to the sample solutions, respectively, and their fluorescence intensities at 449nm were recorded.
The results are shown in Table 1, hg 2+ The recovery rate of (2) is 95.72-105.38%, fe 3+ The recovery rate of (2) was 99.18-103.17%, the recovery rate was good and the RSD value was satisfactory. As can be seen, blood-CDs quantitatively monitor Hg in pig farm wastewater and pig feed 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ The concentration shows great potential.
TABLE 2 determination of Hg in actual pig farm wastewater and pig feed samples 2+ And Fe (Fe) 3+ Is (n=3)
While the present invention has been described in considerable detail and with particularity with respect to several described embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to any such detail or embodiments or any particular embodiment, but is to be construed as providing broad interpretation of such claims by reference to the appended claims in view of the prior art so as to effectively encompass the intended scope of the invention. Furthermore, the foregoing description of the invention has been presented in its embodiments contemplated by the inventors for the purpose of providing a useful description, and for the purposes of providing a non-essential modification of the invention that may not be presently contemplated, may represent an equivalent modification of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs is characterized in that the double-channel fluorescent probe is prepared from a mixture of chicken Blood and trisodium citrate dihydrate by a hydrothermal method, and the double-channel fluorescent probe is prepared from the mixture of chicken Blood and trisodium citrate dihydrate by a hydrothermal methodOptical probe and Fe 3+ And Hg of 2+ The fluorescence quenching reaction occurs in water, and Fe is quantitatively detected according to the fluorescence intensity of the double-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs by a standard Stern-Volmer equation 3+ And Hg of 2+ Is a concentration of (2);
the preparation method of the dual-channel fluorescent probe comprises the following steps: mixing chicken blood and trisodium citrate dihydrate, performing hydrothermal reaction at 180 ℃ for 1 day to obtain dark brown solution, centrifuging, filtering with a filter membrane to remove large particles, collecting supernatant, performing dialysis for 1 day to remove small particles, and finally collecting the supernatant by a freeze-drying method, wherein the ratio of the chicken blood to the trisodium citrate dihydrate is 1mL:10 mg;
the standard Stern-Volmer equation is:F 0 / F = K sv [C] + 1 ;
wherein F is 0 For fluorescence intensity without quencher, F is fluorescence intensity with quencher, K sv For quenching constant [ C]Is the concentration of the quencher;
F - can selectively recover Fe 3+ Quenched fluorescence of the dual-channel fluorescent probe, al 3+ Can specifically recover Hg 2+ Quenched fluorescence of the dual channel fluorescent probe.
2. The dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs of claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal process is performed in a polytetrafluoroethylene autoclave, the polytetrafluoroethylene autoclave having a gauge of 50mL.
3. The dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs of claim 1, wherein the centrifugation conditions are: 11000 Centrifugal at rpm for 12 minutes.
4. The dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs of claim 1, wherein the filter has a gauge of 0.22 μm and is dialyzed against a dialysis membrane having a gauge of 1000Da.
5. A dual-channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs as set forth in claim 1 in Fe 3+ And Hg of 2+ Application in the detection field.
6. The use of claim 5, wherein the dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs is used for detecting Fe in livestock feed or environmental water samples 3+ And Hg of 2+ Is used in the application of (a).
7. The use according to claim 5, wherein the dual channel fluorescent probe Blood-CDs is specific for Fe 3+ The detection limit of (C) is 0.23 mu M for Hg 2+ The detection limit of (2) was 0.17. Mu.M.
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