CN114148129A

CN114148129A - Exhaust device and drive axle

Info

Publication number: CN114148129A
Application number: CN202010924627.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴志强; 陈道斌; 李春光
Original assignee: Guangdong Fuwa Engineering Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Fuwa Engineering Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-05
Filing date: 2020-09-05
Publication date: 2022-03-08

Abstract

The invention discloses an exhaust device and a drive axle, wherein the exhaust device comprises a vent plug and an end cover; the vent plug comprises a top end surface, a bottom end surface and a vent hole; the end cover comprises an end wall and a side wall, and the side wall is sleeved on the outer side surface of the vent plug; a first annular blocking wall and a second annular blocking wall are arranged between the top end face and the end wall, a first gap is formed between the first annular blocking wall and the second annular blocking wall, and a second gap is formed between the second annular blocking wall and the side wall; a first notch is formed in the first annular blocking wall, a second notch is formed in the second annular blocking wall, and the first notch and the second notch are staggered with each other along the circumferential direction of the vent hole; an air guide groove is formed between the outer surface of the side wall and the outer surface of the vent plug, the air guide groove is communicated with the external environment through a first opening and a second gap, and the first opening and the second notch are staggered with each other along the circumferential direction of the vent hole. The invention can discharge the gas timely and quickly, and prevent the external air from flowing backwards to enter the vent hole and the gear oil from leaking outwards.

Description

Exhaust device and drive axle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an exhaust device and a drive axle.

Background

The drive axle is an important part of a vehicle, an axle housing cavity is required to be arranged in the middle of the drive axle for installing a speed reducer, in order to timely discharge gas in an axle housing and ensure that the pressure of gear oil in the axle housing cavity is kept in a normal range, an exhaust device is required to be arranged on the outer wall of the axle housing cavity, the existing exhaust device comprises an exhaust pipe, a gasket, a spring and an end cover, the end cover is connected to the outer end of the exhaust pipe, the gasket is covered at the opening of the outer end of the exhaust pipe, the spring is arranged between the gasket and the end cover, the gasket is tightly pressed outside the opening of the outer end of the exhaust pipe through the elastic stress of the spring so as to seal the opening of the outer end of the exhaust pipe, external muddy water and dust are prevented from entering the axle housing cavity through the exhaust pipe to pollute the gear oil, when the pressure of the gas in the axle housing cavity is too high, the gasket is pushed outwards, so that the gas can pass through the opening of the outer side of the exhaust pipe, The clearance discharge of end cover and blast pipe to guarantee the inside and outside atmospheric pressure balance of axle housing cavity, this kind of structure is higher to the required precision of spring, the produced elastic stress of spring should keep in an accurate within range promptly, just can ensure that exhaust apparatus can normally work, when the elastic stress of spring was too big, gas in the axle housing cavity can not in time be got rid of, lead to the axle housing cavity internal pressure too big, cause gear oil to leak from the sealed position of axle housing cavity, if the elastic stress undersize of spring, then external air can flow backward into in the axle housing cavity via the blast pipe, cause the pollution to gear oil.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust apparatus which can discharge gas in time without using a spring and prevent air from flowing backward.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a drive axle.

In order to achieve the first purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an exhaust device comprises a vent plug and an end cover;

the vent plug comprises a top end surface and a bottom end surface, and a vent hole extending from the bottom end surface to the top end surface is formed in the vent plug; the end cover comprises an end wall positioned above the top end face and a side wall extending downwards from the periphery of the end wall, and the side wall is sleeved on the outer side face of the vent plug and attached to the outer side face of the vent plug;

a first annular blocking wall surrounding the periphery of the top opening of the vent hole and a second annular blocking wall surrounding the periphery of the first annular blocking wall are arranged between the top end face and the end wall, the bottoms of the first annular blocking wall and the second annular blocking wall are in close fit with the top end face, the top of the first annular blocking wall and the end wall are in close fit, a first gap is formed between the first annular blocking wall and the second annular blocking wall, and a second gap is formed between the second annular blocking wall and the side wall;

a first gap for communicating the first gap with the vent hole is formed in the first annular blocking wall, a second gap for communicating the second gap with the first gap is formed in the second annular blocking wall, and the first gap and the second gap are staggered with each other along the circumferential direction of the vent hole;

an air guide groove is arranged between the outer surface of the side wall and the outer surface of the vent plug, the air guide groove is communicated with the second gap through a first opening positioned at the top of the air guide groove and communicated with the external environment through a second opening positioned at the bottom of the air guide groove, and the first opening and the second notch are staggered with each other along the circumferential direction of the vent hole.

The first annular blocking wall and the second annular blocking wall are integrally formed on the top end face.

The outer side surface of the vent plug is provided with a convex block protruding outwards, the side wall is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the convex block and is in interference fit with the outer peripheral surface of the convex block, the air guide groove is formed in the convex block, the first opening is located on the upper end surface of the convex block, and the second opening is located on the lower end surface of the convex block.

The bottom of lateral wall is provided with the portion of hitching towards inboard bending, and the lower terminal surface of lug is located to this hitch portion card.

The air vent plug is provided with an oil guide groove, the oil guide groove extends from the inner wall of the air vent to the top end face, the bottom surface of the oil guide groove is an inclined plane, and the inclined plane is gradually inclined downwards from outside to inside.

Lead the oil groove and be located first breach under to lead the top of oil groove and link up with the bottom of first breach.

The second notch extends downwards from the top end part of the second annular blocking wall, and the bottom surface of the second notch is higher than the top end surface.

The outer side surface of the vent plug is provided with a plurality of convex ribs extending along the circumferential direction of the vent plug.

The bottom of the vent hole is in a cone shape with the aperture gradually decreasing from bottom to top.

In order to achieve the second purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the drive axle, including the casing, the inside axle housing cavity that forms of casing, this drive axle still include foretell exhaust apparatus, and exhaust apparatus's the bottom of ventilating the stopper is connected on the casing, and ventilates the air vent and the axle housing cavity intercommunication of stopper.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

compared with the existing exhaust device, the exhaust device has the advantages that the annular channels and the notches are arranged at the positions where the end covers are matched with the vent plugs, so that the vent holes are always kept in a communicated state with the external environment, gas can be exhausted timely and quickly, and external air can be prevented from flowing backwards to enter the vent holes; simultaneously, the gear oil that mix with in the gas can be by effectual blockking and finally through the air vent backward flow, prevents that gear oil from leaking.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, an exhaust apparatus of the present invention includes a vent plug 10 and an end cap 20, wherein the vent plug 10 may be made of rubber, the end cap 20 is made of metal, the vent plug 10 has a substantially cylindrical structure, and includes a top end surface 101 and a bottom end surface 102 opposite to the top end surface 101, a vent hole 103 is formed in the vent plug 10, and the vent hole 103 extends from the bottom end surface 102 to the top end surface 101; the end cap 20 includes an end wall 21 located at the top thereof, and a ring-shaped side wall 22 extending downward from the periphery of the end wall 21, the end cap 20 is fastened to the top of the vent plug 10, so that the end wall 21 is located above the top end surface 101, the side wall 22 is sleeved on the outer side surface of the vent plug 10, and the side wall 22 is attached to the outer side surface of the vent plug 10, so that the side wall 22 and the outer side surface of the vent plug 10 are in a sealed fit state, the side wall 22 may be in interference fit with the outer side surface of the vent plug 10, so as to achieve the tightness of the fit between the side wall 22 and the outer side surface of the vent plug 10, and of course, the side wall 22 and the outer side surface of the vent plug 10 may also be connected in other sealed fit manners.

In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first annular blocking wall 11 and a second annular blocking wall 12 are provided on the vent plug 10, the first annular blocking wall 11 and the second annular blocking wall 12 are both formed by extending upward from the top end surface 101, wherein the first annular blocking wall 11 surrounds the periphery of the opening of the vent hole 103 on the top end surface 101, the second annular blocking wall 12 surrounds the periphery of the first annular blocking wall 11, the inner diameter of the second annular blocking wall 12 is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular blocking wall 11, a first gap 104 is formed therebetween, the inner diameter of the side wall 22 is larger than the outer diameter of the second annular blocking wall 12, a second gap 105 is formed therebetween, when the end cap 20 is fastened to the vent plug 10, the top ends of the first annular blocking wall 11 and the second annular blocking wall 12 abut against the lower surface of the end wall 21, i.e. the tops of the first annular blocking wall 11 and the second annular blocking wall 12 are tightly fitted with the end wall 21, meanwhile, because the first annular blocking wall 11 and the second annular blocking wall 12 are integrally formed on the top end face 101, the bottoms of the first annular blocking wall 11 and the second annular blocking wall 12 and the top end face 101 are closed, and meanwhile, the side wall 22 and the outer side face of the vent plug 10 are in closed fit, so that the first gap 104 and the second gap 105 respectively form an annular channel between the vent plug 10 and the end cover 20; a first notch 111 is formed in the first annular blocking wall 11, the first notch 111 penetrates from the outer side surface of the first annular blocking wall 11 to the inner side surface so as to communicate the vent hole 103 with the first gap 104, meanwhile, a second notch 121 is formed in the second annular blocking wall 12, the second notch 121 penetrates from the outer side surface of the second annular blocking wall 12 to the inner side surface so as to communicate the first gap 104 with the second gap 105, and the first notch 11 and the second notch 121 are mutually staggered along the circumferential direction of the vent hole 103. Furthermore, a vent groove 131 is provided between the side wall 22 and the outer surface of the vent plug 10, a top of the vent groove 131 forms a first opening, a bottom of the vent groove 131 forms a second opening, the first opening of the vent groove 131 communicates with the second gap 105, the second opening thereof extends to the surface of the vent plug 10 or the surface of the end cap 20 to communicate with the outside in a ring shape, and the first opening and the second notch 121 are offset from each other in the circumferential direction of the vent hole 103.

The exhaust device of the invention is arranged on the shell of a drive axle, specifically, the bottom of a vent plug 10 is connected on the shell, so that a vent hole 103 is communicated with a clamping shell cavity in the shell, when the air pressure in the shell cavity is increased, the exhaust device exhausts air, the air enters a first gap 104 through a first notch 111 in the process of being exhausted outwards through the vent hole 103, the air flows in the first gap 104 and then enters a second gap 105 through a second notch 121, the air flows in the second gap 105 and then enters a vent groove 131 to be exhausted to the external environment, the exhaust device is utilized to keep the pressure in the shell cavity balanced with the atmospheric pressure of the external environment, meanwhile, in the exhaust process, a part of gear oil carried in the air is attached to a first annular baffle wall 11 and then flows back to the shell cavity through the vent hole, another part of the gear oil enters the first gap 104 along with the gas, is blocked by the second annular baffle wall 12, is deposited in the first gap 104, flows back to the vent hole 103 through the first notch 111, and finally flows back to the axle housing cavity, and in addition, a tiny part of the gear oil flows into the second gap 105 along with the gas from the second notch 121, and the tiny part of the gear oil finally adheres to the second annular baffle wall 105 and the side wall 22 along with the gas flowing in the second gap 105, so the gear oil is prevented from leaking outwards.

In order to facilitate installation and ensure that the vent groove 131 has sufficient size to achieve timely and rapid air discharge, the vent plug 10 of the present invention is provided with a protrusion 13 protruding outward on an outer side surface thereof, a top end surface of the protrusion 13 is engaged with a bottom end portion of the second annular blocking wall 12, a side wall 22 is sleeved on an outer circumferential surface of the protrusion 13, the side wall 22 and the protrusion 13 are in interference fit, the air guide groove 131 is opened on the protrusion 13 and extends from an upper end surface to a lower end surface of the protrusion 131, that is, the air guide groove 131 forms a first opening on the upper end surface of the protrusion and a second opening on the lower end surface of the protrusion 13. Compared with the method that the air guide groove 131 is arranged on the outer side surface of the vent plug 10, the method that the air guide groove 131 is arranged on the convex block 13 can enable the air guide groove 131 to have relatively large depth, so that gas can be discharged timely and quickly through the air guide groove 131. Of course, the vent groove 13 may be formed by a rib provided on the side wall 22, for example, by pressing the side wall 22 with a rib protruding outward by a press process, and the portion of the side wall 22 where the rib is not provided is closely attached to the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion 13 or the outer side surface of the vent plug, and the rib is provided at a position spaced apart from the outer circumferential surface of the protrusion 13 or the outer side surface of the vent plug 10 by a predetermined distance due to the outward bulge. On the premise of providing the above-mentioned bump 13, an inwardly bent hanging portion 23 may be provided at the bottom of the side wall 22, the hanging portion 23 is clamped on the lower end surface of the bump 13, the hanging portion 23 may be formed by processing the side wall 22 through a stamping process, after the vent plug 10 and the end cap 20 are mounted in place, the hanging portion 23 is inwardly bent, so that the hanging portion 23 is disposed on the lower end surface of the bump 13, and the bump 13 is pressed, so that the end cap 20 is prevented from being detached from the vent plug 10.

In another preferred embodiment, in order to enable gear oil deposited in the first gap 104 to rapidly flow back to the vent hole 103, the vent plug 10 is provided with the oil guide groove 14, the oil guide groove 14 extends from the inner wall of the vent hole 103 to the top end surface 101, the bottom surface of the oil guide groove 14 is provided with the inclined surface 141, the inclined surface 141 is gradually inclined downwards from outside to inside, and the gear oil deposited in the first gap 104 can rapidly flow back to the vent hole 103 through the smoothly-extending inclined surface 141; for convenience of processing, the oil guiding groove 14 and the first notch 111 may be formed on the vent plug 10 at one time, specifically, the oil guiding groove 14 is located right below the first notch 111, and the top of the oil guiding groove 14 is connected to the first notch 111, and the oil guiding groove 14 and the first notch 111 may be regarded as an opening structure extending from the top of the first annular blocking wall 11 to the top end surface 101.

The second notch 121 of the present invention is formed by extending downward from the top end of the second annular barrier wall 12, and the bottom surface of the second notch 121 is higher than the top end surface 101, so that the gear oil deposited in the first gap 104 does not enter the second gap 105 through the second notch 121, and it is ensured that the gas can enter the second gap 105 from the first gap 104 through the second notch 121.

In the above-described embodiment, two first notches 111 may be provided in the first annular barrier wall 11, two second notches 121 may be provided in the second annular barrier wall 12, the first notches 111 and the second notches 121 may be offset by 90 ° in the circumferential direction of the vent hole 103, and similarly, two vent grooves 131 may be provided in the projection 13, the vent grooves 131 may be offset by 90 ° from the second notches 121 in the axial direction of the vent hole 103. Of course, only one first notch 111, one second notch 121, and one vent groove 131 may be provided, the first notch 111 and the second notch 121 may be shifted by an angle of 180 °, and the second notch 121 and the vent groove 131 may be shifted by an angle of 180 ° similarly.

In another embodiment, the first annular blocking wall 11 and the second annular blocking wall 12 may be disposed on the end cap 20, in this embodiment, the end cap 20 and the vent plug 10 should be made of appropriate materials, after the end cap 20 and the vent plug 10 are mounted in a snap-fit manner, the bottom ends of the first annular blocking wall 11 and the second annular blocking wall 12 are pressed against the top end surface 101 of the vent plug 10 and are in close fit with the top end surface 101, and at the same time, the first annular blocking wall 11 surrounds the top periphery of the vent hole 103.

In addition, the bottom of the vent hole 103 is set to be a cone shape with the aperture gradually decreasing from bottom to top, so that the bottom of the vent hole 103 forms a horn-shaped opening, and when gas passes through the horn-shaped opening, gear oil mixed in the gas can be blocked by the inner wall of the cone shape.

According to the invention, the outer side surface of the vent plug 10 is also provided with the plurality of convex ribs 14, the convex ribs 14 extend along the circumferential direction of the vent plug 10, when the vent plug 10 is installed with a shell of a drive axle, the vent plug 10 is inserted into the installation hole formed in the shell, and the plurality of convex ribs 14 are extruded and deformed by the inner wall of the installation hole, so that the matching part of the vent plug 10 and the shell has better sealing property.

It should be noted that the exhaust device of the present invention can be installed on the housing of the drive axle as described above, and can also be applied to other mechanisms that have exhaust requirements and avoid oil leakage.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An exhaust device is characterized by comprising a vent plug and an end cover;

2. The exhaust apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first annular dam and the second annular dam are integrally formed on the top end surface.

3. The exhaust device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the vent plug has an outer side surface provided with a protrusion protruding outward, the sidewall is fitted around and interference-fitted to an outer peripheral surface of the protrusion, the air guide groove is formed in the protrusion, the first opening is located on an upper end surface of the protrusion, and the second opening is located on a lower end surface of the protrusion.

4. The exhaust device according to claim 3, characterized in that the bottom of the side wall is provided with a hanging part bent towards the inner side, and the hanging part is clamped on the lower end surface of the lug.

5. The exhaust apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vent plug is provided with an oil guide groove extending from an inner wall of the vent hole to the top end surface, and the bottom surface of the oil guide groove is a slope which is gradually inclined downward from the outside to the inside.

6. The vent apparatus of claim 5, wherein the oil drainage groove is located directly below the first notch, and wherein a top of the oil drainage groove engages a bottom of the first notch.

7. The exhaust apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second notch extends downwardly from a top end of the second annular blocking wall, and a bottom surface of the second notch is higher than a top end surface.

8. The exhaust apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer side surface of the vent plug is provided with a plurality of ribs extending in a circumferential direction of the vent plug.

9. The exhaust apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the vent hole is tapered such that the diameter of the hole decreases gradually from the bottom to the top.

10. A drive axle comprising a housing defining an axle cavity therein, wherein the drive axle further comprises an exhaust as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a bottom portion of a vent plug of the exhaust is connected to the housing, and a vent hole of the vent plug communicates with the axle cavity.