CN114146832A - 一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头 - Google Patents

一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头 Download PDF

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CN114146832A
CN114146832A CN202111390889.5A CN202111390889A CN114146832A CN 114146832 A CN114146832 A CN 114146832A CN 202111390889 A CN202111390889 A CN 202111390889A CN 114146832 A CN114146832 A CN 114146832A
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spray head
spring
irrigation
connecting rod
head body
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CN114146832B (zh
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刘俊萍
王鑫建
朱兴业
袁寿其
张晴
刘青松
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Jiangsu University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • B05B1/16Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening having selectively- effective outlets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01MCATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/005Special arrangements or adaptations of the spraying or distributing parts, e.g. adaptations or mounting of the spray booms, mounting of the nozzles, protection shields
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/12Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means capable of producing different kinds of discharge, e.g. either jet or spray
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3006Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the controlling element being actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/02Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery
    • B05B12/04Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery for sequential operation or multiple outlets
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头,主要包括喷头体、喷头帽、弹簧套筒、导流孔、弹簧垫片、喷雾喷嘴、旋转加速室、压缩弹簧、圆弧形流道、螺纹、折射面、方形卡槽、外螺纹、套筒圆孔、导流槽、十字连接杆活动孔、十字连接杆。其中喷头设为双流道结构,喷头体内设有弹簧套筒、弹簧垫片,通过控制水流压力推动弹簧垫片带动弹簧套筒上下移动从而实现灌水、喷雾两种工作模式的转换。产品结构简单,运行可靠。

Description

一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头
技术领域
本发明属于农业微灌技术领域,涉及一种林果业作物灌溉系统水药一体化的关键设备,特指一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头。
背景技术
目前我国果园水土资源利用率低及农药化肥面源污染等问题严重,针对面广量大的果树作物如葡萄,目前其灌溉方式主要采用微灌系统,施药方式主要为人工施药或者部分采用独立作业施药,此类施药方式存在着农药漂移损失大等缺点,且成本较高、危害人的健康。因此,将灌水和施药相结合实现水药一体化,即在同一微灌系统中,既实现灌水功能,又实现喷药功能,省时省工,可节能降耗,提高药物利用效率。在同一微灌系统中实现水药一体化,需要系统末端靠喷头实现两种功能。而现有的国内外喷头产品中,喷头功能性单一,若采用微喷头只能满足灌水性能,若雾化喷头只能满足施药性能,同一系统中灌水及施药的性能不能兼顾。针对以上问题,需要研制一种结构简单的水药一体化多功能喷头。因此,本发明提出一种靠压力自控的水药一体化多功能喷头,实现了在同一微灌系统中,喷头在低压(大于100kPa,小于200kPa)条件下,对作物根部灌水,在中压(大于200kPa,小于400kPa)条件下,对作物的叶片进行施药喷洒。
经检索,目前未见相关专利申报。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头,该喷头靠供给压力的变化改变出口流道路径,在喷水和喷雾施药间相互转换,实现喷头在低压(大于100kPa,小于200kPa)条件下,对作物根部进行喷灌,在中压(大于200kPa,小于500kPa)条件下,对作物的有叶片进行施药喷洒,实喷头自控水药一体化功能。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头,包括喷头体和喷头帽,所述喷头体和所述喷头帽连接处设置有撞击折射面,所述喷头体的内腔安装有弹簧套筒,所述弹簧套筒能够在所述喷头体的内腔表面滑动,所述弹簧套筒的底部和所述喷头体的进水口连通,所述喷头体上开设有若干圆弧形流道,所述圆弧形流道与所述喷头体的内腔连通,所述弹簧套筒的侧壁上开设有若干通孔,所述弹簧套筒的内部固定有连接杆,所述连接杆上设置有弹簧垫片,所述弹簧垫片位于所述喷头体的出水口处,所述喷头帽上端设有喷雾喷嘴,所述喷头帽内设有圆柱形旋转加速室和弹簧腔体,所述圆柱形旋转加速室内设置有连接杆活动孔和若干导流槽,所述连接杆与所述连接杆活动孔滑动副连接,所述弹簧腔体内设置有压缩弹簧,所述压缩弹簧嵌套在所述连接杆上,所述压缩弹簧的两端通过所述弹簧垫片和所述旋转加速室的底部端面进行定位。
上述方案中,所述圆弧形流道的出口处设置有导流孔,所述导流孔的出口正对所述撞击折射面。
上述方案中,每个所述圆孔的中心孔轴线和每个所述圆弧形流道的中心孔轴线共面,并且每个所述圆孔的孔径和每个所述圆弧形流道的流道孔径大小相同。
上述方案中,所述喷头体的内腔壁面上设置有卡槽,所述弹簧套筒的外壁面上设置有凸起,所述凸起位于所述卡槽内。
上述方案中,所述喷头体的进水端通过螺纹与水管连接。
上述方案中,所述弹簧垫片的直径大于所述喷头体出水口流道的直径。
本发明的有益效果:当喷头在低压工况工作时,水流对弹簧垫片的压力小于压缩弹簧的弹力,此时水流经过喷头体圆弧形流道从导流孔流出,实现灌水功能;当喷头在中压工况工作时,水流对弹簧垫片的压力大于压缩弹簧弹力,压缩弹簧压紧,弹簧垫片通过连接杆带动整个弹簧套筒上移堵住圆弧形流道,水流从喷头帽的导流槽流出,实现喷药功能。通过弹簧压力控制实现了灌水和喷药两种喷洒模式的自动转换,提高了智能化水平。
附图说明
图1为喷头体主视剖面示意图。
图2为本发明低压工况喷水工作模式状态示意图。
图3为本发明中压工况喷雾工作模式状态示意图
图4为本发明侧视剖面示意图。
图5为A-A剖面示意图。
图6为弹簧套筒外观示意图。
图中:1.喷头体,2.导流孔,3.弹簧垫片,4.喷雾喷嘴,5.旋转加速室,6.压缩弹簧,7.弹簧套筒,8.圆弧形流道,9.螺纹,10.喷头帽,11.折射面,12.凸起,13.水管,14.通孔,15.导流槽,16.连接杆活动孔,17.连接杆,18.圆柱形流道,19.弹簧腔体。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方法作进一步的说明,但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
如图1、图2、图3所示,本实施例提供的一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头,包括喷头体1、喷头帽10、弹簧套筒7。如图1所示,喷头体1为多级空心圆柱型结构,喷头体1底端通过螺纹与水管13连接,水管13内的水流通过圆柱形流道18进入到喷头体1内腔,喷头体1侧壁设有导流孔2,喷头体1外壳内部设有对称圆弧形流道8,喷头体1内部设有卡槽,用以和弹簧套筒7外壁上的凸起12形成滑动运动副,如图2、图3所示,喷头帽10底端设有螺纹9与喷头体1连接,喷头帽10内设有圆柱形旋转加速室5和弹簧腔体19,如图2、图4所示,喷头帽10上端设有喷雾喷嘴4,如图5所示,喷头帽10底面设有导流槽15,喷头帽10内部设有连接杆活动孔16,如图2、图3、图4、图6所示,弹簧套筒7通过卡槽和凸起12的配合与喷头体1连接,弹簧套筒7设有弹簧垫片3,弹簧垫片3位于弹簧套筒内的连接杆17上,弹簧套筒随弹簧垫片3一起上下移动,弹簧套筒7通过连接杆17和连接杆活动孔16的配合与喷头帽10连接,弹簧套筒7设有对称通孔14,圆孔直径和所述喷头体圆弧形流道宽度8相同,弹簧垫片3与喷头帽10中设有压缩弹簧6。
如图2所示,本发明低压工况(大于100kPa,小于200kPa)喷水工作模式,水流流入喷头体1,此时水流对弹簧垫片3的压力小于压缩弹簧6的弹力,此时水流经过圆弧形流道8从导流孔2流出,撞击折射面11,水流呈圆弧形薄水层状向两侧射出,灌溉作物根部;如图3所示,本发明中压工况(大于200KPa,小于500KPa)喷雾工作模式,水流流入喷头体1,此时水流对弹簧垫片3的压力大于压缩弹簧6的弹力,压缩弹簧6压紧,弹簧垫片3通过十字连接杆17带动整个套筒7上移堵住圆弧形流道8,水流经旋转加速室5从喷雾喷嘴4喷出附着到植物叶片上,当水压减小时,压缩弹簧6推动弹簧垫片3回到图3状态。
以上所述为本发明的较优实施例,本发明并不限于上述实施方式,在不背离本发明实质内容的情况下,凡依本发明权利要求范围所述的形状、构造及特征的改进、替换或变型,均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头,包括喷头体(1)和喷头帽(10),其特征在于,所述喷头体(1)和所述喷头帽(10)连接处设置有撞击折射面(11),所述喷头体(1)的内腔内安装有弹簧套筒(7),所述弹簧套筒(7)能够在所述喷头体1的内腔表面滑动,所述弹簧套筒(7)的底部和所述喷头体(1)的进水口连通,所述喷头体(1)上开设有若干圆弧形流道(8),所述圆弧形流道(8)与所述喷头体(1)的内腔连通,所述弹簧套筒(7)的侧壁上开设有若干通孔(14),所述弹簧套筒(7)的内部固定有连接杆(17),所述连接杆(17)上设置有弹簧垫片(3),所述弹簧垫片(3)位于所述喷头体(1)的出水口处,所述喷头帽10上端设有喷雾喷嘴4,所述喷头帽(10)内设有圆柱形旋转加速室(5)和弹簧腔体(19),所述圆柱形旋转加速室(5)内设置有连接杆活动孔(16)和若干导流槽(15),所述连接杆(17)与所述连接杆活动孔(16)滑动副连接,所述弹簧腔体(19)内设置有压缩弹簧(6),所述压缩弹簧(6)嵌套在所述连接杆(17)上,所述压缩弹簧(6)的两端通过所述弹簧垫片(3)和所述旋转加速室(5)的底部端面进行定位。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头,其特征在于,所述圆弧形流道(8)的出口处设置有导流孔(2)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头,其特征在于,每个所述通孔(14)的中心孔轴线和每个所述圆弧形流道(8)的中心孔轴线共面,并且每个所述通孔(14)的孔径和每个所述圆弧形流道(8)的流道孔径大小相同。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头,其特征在于,所述喷头体(1)的内腔壁面上设置有卡槽,所述弹簧套筒(7)的外壁面上设置有凸起(12),所述凸起(12)位于所述卡槽内。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头,其特征在于,所述喷头体(1)的进水端通过螺纹与水管(13)连接。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头,其特征在于,所述弹簧垫片(3)的直径大于所述喷头体(1)出水口流道的直径。
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US18/574,303 US20240284893A1 (en) 2021-11-23 2022-01-07 Pressure self-controlled irrigation and pesticide application sprinkler for micro-irrigation system
PCT/CN2022/070669 WO2023092832A1 (zh) 2021-11-23 2022-01-07 一种微灌系统压力自控式灌水施药喷头

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Cited By (2)

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CN114946502A (zh) * 2022-06-13 2022-08-30 纪萍 一种有机茶种植装置及种植方法
CN115067185A (zh) * 2022-07-26 2022-09-20 山东圣大节水科技有限公司 一种微喷式复合pe管

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