CN114146434A - Process transformation method based on existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate preparation system - Google Patents
Process transformation method based on existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate preparation system Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/26—Multiple-effect evaporating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/28—Evaporating with vapour compression
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process transformation method based on the prior multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate making system, which compares the process flow of the prior system with the process flow to be transformed to determine available facilities of the prior system; replanning the layout of the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate making system, keeping the existing plant structure, keeping the equipment arrangement in the plant structure unchanged, newly building a compressor room beside the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate making workshop, and newly building one or more new evaporation chambers; connecting a newly-built compressor room, a new evaporation chamber and the existing workshop into a whole; the series connection mode of the evaporation chambers is changed into the parallel connection mode, secondary steam evaporated from the new evaporation chamber and the old evaporation chamber enters the compressor room for recovery, and after the enthalpy of the secondary steam is improved, the secondary steam enters each evaporation chamber to serve as a heat source to heat each evaporation chamber. The invention realizes the purposes of quality improvement, energy saving and consumption reduction after transforming the prior multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate preparing system into an MVR salt and nitrate preparing system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of salt and nitrate preparation by evaporation, in particular to a process transformation method based on the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate preparation system.
Background
The existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing system is mainly characterized in that NaCl-Na is used2SO4-H2And preparing salt and nitrate in an O brine system. The multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing system takes coal as main energy, has large carbon emission, laggard process and high energy consumption cost, continuously pays attention to aspects of environmental protection, sustainable development, human-oriented property, operation cost competitiveness and the like in China and abroad,the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate preparation system does not meet the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction.
The MVR evaporation process is a novel high-efficiency energy-saving evaporation process, adopts low-temperature and low-pressure steaming technology and clean energy (namely electric energy) to generate steam and separate water in media, is an international advanced evaporation technology, and is an upgraded and updated product for replacing the traditional evaporation. In consideration of the fact that the conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing system is replaced and rebuilt, the workload is huge, and the capital consumption is large, the invention provides a process transformation method based on the conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing system.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical scheme, the invention provides a process transformation method based on the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system, which fully utilizes civil engineering, equipment and the like of the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system, transforms the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system into an energy-saving MVR salt and nitrate production system on the basis of ensuring that the existing factory building and device do not move greatly and the salt/nitrate yield does not decrease, so as to save investment and achieve the purposes of quality improvement, energy saving and consumption reduction.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a process transformation method based on an existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system comprises the following steps:
s1, investigating the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing system to obtain the infrastructure condition of the existing system, comparing the process flow of the existing system with the process flow to be modified, and determining the available facilities of the existing system;
s2, replanning the layout of the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate making system, keeping the existing plant structure and keeping the equipment arrangement in the plant structure unchanged; a plurality of old evaporation chambers are arranged in an existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing workshop and are connected in series, and the old evaporation chambers are modified and utilized;
s3, one or more new evaporation chambers are newly built beside the existing workshop; merging the new evaporation chamber into the old evaporation chamber, and transforming the series connection mode into the parallel connection mode;
s4, newly building a compressor room beside the existing workshop; connecting a newly-built compressor room, a new evaporation chamber and the existing workshop into a whole;
and S5, newly building a steam pipeline, sending secondary steam evaporated from the new evaporation chamber and the old evaporation chamber into a compressor room for recovery, increasing the enthalpy of the secondary steam, and then entering each evaporation chamber to serve as a heat source to heat brine in each evaporation chamber.
In the technical transformation method based on the prior multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate preparation system, the evaporation chamber is internally provided with:
the lower cone of the evaporation tank is connected with a first upper circulating pipe and a first lower circulating pipe;
the upper end of the heater is connected with the first upper circulating pipe, and the lower end of the heater is connected with the first lower circulating pipe; connecting a secondary steam outlet of the evaporating pot with the compressor room, and connecting the heater with the compressor room; the first lower circulating pipe is connected with the brine pipe;
the secondary steam evaporated by the evaporation tank enters the compressor room for recovery, and after the enthalpy of the secondary steam is improved, the secondary steam enters the heater to serve as a heat source to heat the brine entering the evaporation tank.
In the process transformation method based on the conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate preparation system, a salt/nitrate leg is arranged at the lower end of the lower cone and is connected with a salt/nitrate slurry barrel; the first lower circulating pipe is connected with the multi-stage preheater through the brine pipe;
the brine enters the heater through the first lower circulating pipe after being preheated by the multi-stage preheater and is heated, and then enters the evaporating tank through the first upper circulating pipe after being heated for flash evaporation crystallization, and the crystallized salt/nitrate slurry is settled to the salt/nitrate leg and then flows into the salt/nitrate slurry barrel.
In the process transformation method based on the conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system, the multi-stage preheater comprises a mother liquor preheater, a condensate water preheater and a noncondensable gas preheater which are sequentially arranged;
and one bittern preheated by the condensate water preheater is separated to be used as elutriation water, and the elutriation water flows horizontally into the salt/nitre leg to elutriate salt/nitre pulp.
In the process transformation method based on the conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate preparation system, salt/nitrate slurry in a salt/nitrate slurry barrel is dehydrated by a centrifugal dehydration device, and dehydrated wet salt/nitrate is dried by a drying bed to obtain dry salt/nitrate;
wherein, the centrifugal mother liquor obtained by dehydrating the salt/nitre slurry by a centrifugal dehydration device is recycled and is merged into the brine before preheating.
In the technical transformation method based on the conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system, a vapor compressor is arranged in a compressor room, an air inlet of the vapor compressor is connected with an evaporation tank, and an air outlet of the vapor compressor is connected with a heater;
and the secondary steam evaporated by the evaporation tank enters a steam compressor for compression, and enters the heater as a heat source after the enthalpy of the secondary steam is increased.
In the utility model discloses a process transformation method based on current multiple-effect evaporation salt making, nitre system, still be provided with the demister in the compressor room, the air inlet of demister with the evaporating pot links to each other, the gas vent with vapor compressor links to each other, the secondary steam that the evaporating pot evaporated gets into and gets rid of the entrainment in the demister, reentries vapor compressor compresses.
In the technical transformation method based on the conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system, a gas washing tower is further arranged in the compressor room, a gas inlet of the gas washing tower is connected with the demister, and a gas outlet of the gas washing tower is connected with the vapor compressor;
and the secondary steam after foam removal enters a gas washing tower to be washed by circulating condensed water and then enters the steam compressor to be compressed after washing.
In the process modification method based on the conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate preparation system, a brine preheater is further arranged in the conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate preparation workshop and is connected with a lower cone of an evaporation tank through a second upper circulating pipe and a second lower circulating pipe;
the brine preheater and the heater are connected in parallel into the lower cone of the evaporating pot to heat brine entering the evaporating pot.
In the process modification method based on the conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system, a straight cylinder is arranged in a lower cone of an evaporation tank, and a plurality of feeding holes and discharging holes are symmetrically formed in the lower cone;
the first upper circulating pipe and the second upper circulating pipe are communicated with the straight cylinder through the feeding hole, and the first lower circulating pipe and the second lower circulating pipe are communicated with the interior of the lower cone through the discharging hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method has the advantages that the factory building structure of the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate making workshop is reserved, the arrangement of equipment in the factory building structure is kept unchanged, the factory building structure is modified on the basis of the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate making workshop, existing civil engineering, equipment and the like are fully utilized, the existing factory building and device is modified into the energy-saving MVR evaporation salt and nitrate making device on the basis of ensuring that the existing factory building and device is not moved greatly and the salt/nitrate yield is not reduced, so that investment is saved, the energy-saving effect of the production system after upgrading and modification is obvious, considerable economic benefit can be brought to enterprises, and the purposes of quality improvement, energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a modified MVR evaporation salt and nitrate producing system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an evaporator tank and a brine preheater;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the modified process for preparing salt and saltpeter.
Reference numerals: the brine preheating device comprises an evaporation tank 1, a heater 2, a brine preheater 3, a straight cylinder 4, a feeding hole 5, a discharging hole 6, a lower cone 11, a salt/saltpeter leg 12, a first upper circulating pipe 21, a first lower circulating pipe 22, a second upper circulating pipe 31 and a second lower circulating pipe 32.
Detailed Description
In the following, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize applications of other processes and/or uses of other materials.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The MVR evaporation process is a novel high-efficiency energy-saving evaporation process, adopts low-temperature and low-pressure steaming technology and clean energy (namely electric energy) to generate steam and separate water in media, is an international advanced evaporation technology, and is an upgraded and updated product for replacing the traditional evaporation. In consideration of the fact that the conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing system is replaced and rebuilt, the workload is huge, and the capital consumption is large, the invention provides a process transformation method based on the conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing system.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present embodiment provides a process modification method based on the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing system, which includes the following steps:
s1, investigating the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing system to obtain the infrastructure condition of the existing system, comparing the process flow of the existing system with the process flow to be modified, and determining the available facilities of the existing system.
The existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate preparation process mainly consumes steam and is assisted by electricity, while the MVR evaporation salt and nitrate preparation process mainly consumes electricity and is assisted by steam. When steam and electricity are purchased externally, the MVR evaporation salt and nitrate preparation process is cheaper than the multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate preparation process only by the consumption cost of the steam and the electricity, and the MVR evaporation salt and nitrate preparation process has fewer personnel and lower labor cost. Therefore, the plant needs to change the multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate preparation process to the MVR evaporation salt and nitrate preparation process, and the purposes of quality improvement, energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved.
And S2, replanning the layout of the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing system, keeping the existing plant structure and keeping the equipment arrangement in the plant structure unchanged. A plurality of old evaporating chambers are arranged in an existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing workshop and connected in series, and the old evaporating chambers are modified and utilized.
The existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate making workshop is pushed to be rebuilt, huge manpower, material and financial resources can be consumed, the factory building structure of the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate making workshop is reserved, the equipment arrangement in the workshop is kept unchanged, the workshop is transformed on the basis of the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate making workshop, and a large amount of manpower, material and financial resources can be saved.
S3, one or more new evaporation chambers are newly built beside the existing workshop; and the new evaporation chamber is merged into the old evaporation chamber, and the series connection mode is changed into the parallel connection mode. A plurality of old evaporating chambers of the existing salt and nitrate producing workshop are connected in series to form a multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing device, and after the multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing device is transformed into an MVR evaporation salt and nitrate producing device, the old evaporating chambers and the new evaporating chambers are transformed into a parallel connection mode through pipelines. One or more new evaporation chambers are newly built, so that the capacity after modification can be ensured.
S4, newly building a compressor room beside the existing workshop; and connecting the newly-built compressor room, the new evaporation chamber and the existing workshop into a whole. The process of the MVR evaporation salt and nitrate preparation process is to compress low-temperature steam, increase the temperature and pressure and increase the heat enthalpy, and then enter a heat exchanger for condensation so as to fully utilize the latent heat of the steam. And a newly-built compressor room is used for recycling secondary steam generated in the evaporation process so as to reduce the new steam amount in the salt and nitrate production process by evaporation.
The compressor room is of a reinforced concrete frame structure, and an interlayer is arranged on the local part of the compressor room. The new evaporating chamber is of a reinforced concrete frame structure with four layers, and the operating platform is a five-layer steel structure platform. The shell material of the evaporation chamber mainly adopts a stainless steel composite plate. The whole arrangement fully meets the requirements of process routes and personnel passing, the whole logistics arrangement is reasonable, the site area and space are fully utilized, and the height of the building is effectively controlled to save the engineering investment.
And S5, newly building a steam pipeline, sending secondary steam evaporated from the new evaporation chamber and the old evaporation chamber into a compressor room for recovery, increasing the enthalpy of the secondary steam, and then entering each evaporation chamber to serve as a heat source to heat brine in each evaporation chamber. The conventional multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate making process mainly uses steam and electricity as auxiliaries, the steam consumption is high, the energy consumption cost is high, after the process is transformed into an MVR evaporation salt and nitrate making process, the electricity is mainly used, the steam is used as the auxiliaries, the steam is only used for starting in driving and auxiliary supplement, secondary steam generated in an evaporation chamber is recycled by a compressor room and is reused, the MVR evaporation salt and nitrate making process is cheaper than the multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate making process in the aspect of steam and electricity consumption cost, and the purposes of quality improvement, energy conservation and consumption reduction can be realized.
In a specific embodiment, the interior of the evaporation chamber is provided with an evaporation tank 1 and a heater 2. As shown in FIG. 2, a first upper circulation pipe 21 and a first lower circulation pipe 22 are connected to the lower cone 11 of the evaporation tank 1. The heater 2 is connected at its upper end to the first upper circulation pipe 21 and at its lower end to the first lower circulation pipe 22. Now the secondary steam outlet of the evaporator 1 is connected to the compressor room, the heater 2 is connected to the compressor room, and the first lower circulation pipe 22 is connected to the brine pipe 23. The multi-layer material of the evaporation tank 1 adopts S31603/Q345R stainless steel composite steel plates.
Wherein, the secondary steam that evaporating pot 1 evaporated gets into the compressor room and retrieves, improves its enthalpy after, reentries heater 2 as the heat source, heats the brine that gets into in evaporating pot 1. Specifically, brine enters the heater 2 from the first lower circulating pipe 22 through the brine pipe 23 for heating, then enters the evaporating tank 1 through the first upper circulating pipe 21 for evaporation, secondary steam evaporated from the evaporating tank 1 enters the compressor room for recovery, and enters the heater 2 as a heat source after enthalpy of the secondary steam is improved, so that the entering brine is heated.
In a particular embodiment, the lower end of the lower cone 11 is provided with a salt/saltpeter leg 12, which salt/saltpeter leg 12 is now connected to a salt/saltpeter drum. The first lower circulation pipe 22 is connected to the multi-stage preheater through a brine pipe 23.
Brine enters the heater 2 through the brine pipe 23 after being preheated by the multi-stage preheater and the first lower circulating pipe 22 for heating, enters the evaporation tank 1 through the first upper circulating pipe 21 after being heated for flash evaporation crystallization, and the crystallized salt/nitrate slurry is settled to the salt/nitrate leg 12 and then flows into the salt/nitrate slurry barrel to realize the evaporation salt/nitrate preparation.
In a specific embodiment, the multi-stage preheater comprises a mother liquor preheater, a condensed water preheater and a noncondensable gas preheater which are arranged in sequence. Brine sequentially passes through a mother liquor preheater, a condensate water preheater and a noncondensable gas preheater to be preheated in three stages, and the preheated brine enters each first lower circulating pipe 22 connected in parallel through a brine pipe 23.
Wherein, one bittern is separated out after being preheated by a condensate water preheater and is used as elutriation water to enter the salt/nitre leg 12 for elutriating salt/nitre pulp in a horizontal flow manner.
In a specific embodiment, the salt/nitre slurry in the salt/nitre slurry barrel is dehydrated by a centrifugal dehydration device, and the dehydrated wet salt/nitre is dried by a drying bed to obtain the bulk dry salt/nitre.
Wherein, the centrifugal mother liquor obtained by dehydrating the salt/nitre slurry by a centrifugal dehydration device is recycled and is merged into the brine before preheating.
In a particular embodiment, a vapor compressor is provided in the compressor room. The air inlet of the vapor compressor is connected with the evaporating pot 1, and the air outlet is connected with the heater 2. The secondary steam evaporated from the evaporating pot 1 enters a steam compressor for compression, and enters a heater 2 as a heat source after the enthalpy of the secondary steam is increased.
In a specific embodiment, a demister is also arranged in the compressor room. The air inlet of the demister is connected with the evaporating pot 1, and the air outlet is connected with the vapor compressor. The secondary steam evaporated from the evaporating pot 1 enters a demister to remove entrained mist, and then enters a steam compressor to be compressed.
In a specific embodiment, a scrubber tower is also disposed within the compressor room. The air inlet of the scrubber is connected with the demister, and the air outlet is connected with the vapor compressor. And the secondary steam after foam removal enters a gas washing tower to be washed by circulating condensed water and then enters a steam compressor to be compressed after washing.
In a specific embodiment, a brine preheater 3 is also arranged in the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing workshop. As shown in fig. 3, the brine preheater 3 and the heater 2 are connected in parallel to the lower cone 11 of the evaporation tank 1 to heat the brine entering the evaporation tank 1. The brine preheater 3 is connected with the lower cone 11 of the evaporation tank 1 through a second upper circulation pipe 31 and a second lower circulation pipe 32. Be provided with brine pre-heater 3 in current multiple-effect evaporation salt manufacturing, the nitre workshop, reform transform brine pre-heater 3 (the same usable of length and heater 2) now, with its and heater 2 parallel operation, enter into evaporating pot 1 in the lump with the ejection of compact of heater 2 simultaneously, realize that equipment is abundant old and useless to practice thrift the space, practice thrift the investment, reinforce heat transfer, production intensity are big.
In a specific embodiment, a straight cylinder 4 is installed in a lower cone 11 of the evaporation tank 1, and a plurality of feeding holes 5 and discharging holes 6 are symmetrically formed on the lower cone 11, as shown in fig. 3. The number of inlet openings 5 and outlet openings 6 can be 3 or 4, in principle not more than 4. The first upper circulating pipe 21 and the second upper circulating pipe 31 are communicated with the straight cylinder 4 through the feeding hole 5, and the first lower circulating pipe 22 and the second lower circulating pipe 32 are communicated with the inside of the lower cone 11 through the discharging hole 6. The existing evaporation tank 1 can only form brine circulation with a corresponding heater 2, and cannot be connected with a plurality of heaters 2, and heaters 2 with different specifications cannot be used in a circulation system at the same time. In order to further reduce equipment investment and save equipment installation space, the brine preheater 3 is transformed into a new heater, feed liquid heated by more than two brine preheaters 3 and the heater 2 can be simultaneously conveyed into an evaporating pot 1 for evaporation, and the method has the advantages of simpler process, more convenient installation and convenience for comprehensive utilization of equipment.
The working mode of the embodiment after the process transformation method is carried out based on the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing system is as follows:
as shown in fig. 4, brine is preheated in three stages by a mother liquor preheater, a condensate water preheater and a noncondensable gas preheater in sequence, and the preheated brine enters each of the first lower circulation pipes 22 connected in parallel through brine pipes. The evaporation chamber is started by driving, the brine entering the first lower circulation pipe 22 enters the heater 2 to be heated, the brine enters the evaporation tank 1 from the first upper circulation pipe 21 after being heated to be subjected to flash evaporation crystallization, the crystallized salt/nitrate slurry is settled to the salt/nitrate leg 12, the salt/nitrate slurry flows into the salt/nitrate slurry barrel after being washed by washing water, the salt/nitrate slurry in the salt/nitrate slurry barrel is dehydrated by a centrifugal dehydration device, and the dehydrated wet salt/nitrate is dried by a drying bed to obtain the dry salt/nitrate. And recovering the centrifugal mother liquor obtained by dehydrating the salt/nitrate slurry through a centrifugal dehydration device, and merging the recovered centrifugal mother liquor into the brine before preheating. And separating one brine branch after being preheated by a condensate water preheater to be used as washing water, and horizontally flowing into a salt/nitre leg for washing salt/nitre pulp. The secondary steam generated by evaporation of the evaporation tank enters a demister to remove entrained mist, the defoamed secondary steam enters a gas washing tower to be washed by circulating condensed water, and then enters a steam compressor to be compressed after being washed, and after the enthalpy of the steam is increased, the steam enters a heater to be used as a heat source to heat brine.
Example 2
One set of four-effect vacuum salt making device with 12 ten thousand tons per year is provided in a certain salt farm, and is matched with a 20 ton/hour coal-fired boiler. According to the requirements of relevant departments, the coal-fired boiler with the volume of less than 35 tons/hour needs to be shut down completely. At present, the price of the steam produced by an enterprise is 150 yuan/ton, after shutdown, the enterprise can only buy steam (the price is 260 yuan/ton), electricity (the price is 0.69 yuan/degree) and the like for maintaining production, the survival of the enterprise faces a severe challenge, and the enterprise can only maintain survival and future development after technical transformation.
At present, the salt making process mainly comprises a multi-effect (five-effect or six-effect) evaporation salt making process and an MVR evaporation salt making process, and the two processes are mature and reliable and are widely used in the salt industry. Now, the five-effect evaporation salt making process in the multi-effect evaporation is compared with the MVR evaporation salt making process (five effects):
the five-effect evaporation salt-making process mainly consumes steam and also has partial power consumption: steam consumption is about 0.78 ton steam/ton salt, electricity consumption (including circulating water) is about 30 kW.h/ton salt, and cost per ton salt is 0.78 x 260+ 30 x 0.69=223.50 yuan.
The MVR evaporation salt production process mainly consumes electricity, steam is only used for starting and auxiliary supplement during driving, the total amount of evaporation steam consumption is about 0.1 ton steam/ton salt, the electricity consumption (including circulating water) is about 190 kW.h/ton salt, and the cost per ton salt is 0.1 x 260+190 x 0.69=157.10 yuan.
The five-effect evaporation salt production process and the MVR evaporation salt production process are almost the same in all other working sections except that evaporation, dehydration, power consumption of a circulating water system and large steam difference. When steam and electricity are purchased externally in the future, the MVR evaporation salt making process is cheaper than the five-effect evaporation salt making process only by the consumption cost of the steam and the electricity: 223.50 yuan to 157.10 yuan =66.4 yuan per ton of salt, not to mention the cost reduction brought by fewer persons used in the MVR evaporation process and the like.
Aiming at the above situation, on the premise of saving investment as much as possible, the existing problems can be thoroughly solved by carrying out the process transformation method based on the existing four-effect evaporation salt making system, and the aims of stabilizing yield, improving quality, saving energy, reducing consumption and the like are fulfilled. The specific modification steps are as follows:
s1, investigating the existing four-effect evaporation salt production system to obtain the infrastructure condition of the existing system, and comparing the process flow of the existing system with the process flow to be modified to determine the available facilities of the existing system.
S2, the layout of the existing four-effect evaporation salt production system is re-planned, the existing plant structure is kept, the arrangement of equipment in the plant structure is kept unchanged, existing civil engineering, equipment and the like are fully utilized, and the existing four-effect vacuum salt production device is transformed into an energy-saving MVR salt production device on the basis of ensuring that the existing plant and device are not moved greatly and the salt yield is not reduced, so that the investment is saved.
Four old evaporating chambers are arranged in the existing four-effect evaporation salt and nitrate making workshop and are connected in series, and the old evaporating chambers are reformed and utilized.
And S3, newly building a new evaporation chamber beside the existing workshop, merging the new evaporation chamber into the old evaporation chamber, and transforming the series connection mode into the parallel connection mode. In order to ensure the productivity, an evaporation chamber is added and connected in parallel with the original four-effect vacuum salt-making evaporation chamber to serve as an evaporation crystallization system of a new device. As shown in the attached drawing 1, the connection mode of the four-effect evaporation equipment of the original salt manufacturing workshop is in series connection, as shown in the attached drawing 2, an evaporation tank is added, the connection mode is changed into parallel connection, and the pipeline is changed according to the process flow.
S4, newly building a compressor room beside the existing workshop; and connecting the newly-built compressor room, the new evaporation chamber and the existing workshop into a whole. The newly added compressor room and the newly added evaporating pot are connected with the original device structure, the workshop is in continuous operation production, the original workshop foundation structure is fully utilized during the design of the device, and the investment is saved.
And S5, newly building a steam pipeline, sending secondary steam evaporated from the new evaporation chamber and the old evaporation chamber into a compressor room for recovery, increasing the enthalpy of the secondary steam, and then entering each evaporation chamber to serve as a heat source to heat brine in each evaporation chamber. A steam compressor, a demister and a gas washing tower are arranged in a compressor room, secondary steam of each effect evaporation tank is converged into the gas washing tower after passing through the demister, is washed by the gas washing tower and then enters the steam compressor for compression, and is subjected to enthalpy increase by the steam compressor and then enters each heater respectively to serve as a heat source, so that the four-effect evaporation salt making process is changed into the MVR evaporation salt making process.
Wherein, the salt legs of each effect of the original device are reformed, and a salt leg elutriation system is added; the lower cone of the IV-effect evaporation chamber of the original device is reformed, and two lower cones of 110m are arranged2The brine preheater is modified into a heater which is used as a heater of an IV evaporation chamber together with an IV effect heater, and a separation chamber on the brine preheater is modified into a crystal slurry tank; and a brine preheating device is additionally arranged, and brine enters an evaporation chamber after being preheated by a mother liquor preheater, a condensate water preheater and a noncondensable gas preheater respectively.
The material selection scheme of the newly added evaporation tank in this embodiment is as follows:
selection of heating tube material: a TA10 titanium alloy pipe is selected, and the execution standard is titanium and titanium alloy pipes for heat exchangers and condensers (GB/T3625-2007).
The shell material of the evaporating pot mainly adopts a stainless steel composite plate. For the selection of the composite material, the composite material of the evaporation tank of the device adopts an S31603/Q345R stainless steel composite plate by investigation and combination with the long-term operation condition of each salt manufacturing enterprise.
And 4, selecting universal equipment, wherein the steam compressor adopts a domestic centrifugal steam compressor.
Selecting process pipelines, wherein brine and salt slurry pipelines of a salt manufacturing workshop adopt S31603 stainless steel pipes, raw steam and circulating water pipelines adopt 20 steel pipes, a secondary steam pipe adopts an S31603 stainless steel reel pipe, and condensed water adopts a 304 stainless steel pipe.
The modified MVR evaporation salt production system has the working mode that:
pumping the brine at about 25 ℃ from a brine barrel to a mother liquor preheater, a condensed water preheater and a noncondensable gas preheater in sequence by using a pump for carrying out three-stage preheating, and feeding the preheated brine at about 96 ℃ into first lower circulating pipes with various effects connected in parallel; starting the evaporation chamber, feeding the brine entering the first lower circulating pipe into a heater for heating, feeding the heated brine into the evaporation tank from the first upper circulating pipe for flash evaporation crystallization, and settling the crystallized brine to a salt leg; the brine preheated by the condensate water preheater enters salt legs of each effect evaporation tank (containing newly added) in a advection way to be elutriated; the elutriated salt slurry is discharged to a salt slurry barrel from each effect salt leg respectively so as to achieve the effects of improving the salt quality, redissolving for fine grains and reducing the temperature; pumping the salt slurry from the salt slurry barrel to an original centrifugal dehydration device through a pump for dehydration, conveying the dehydrated wet salt to a new drying bed through an original wet salt belt conveyor for drying and iodizing, conveying the dried finished salt to a packaging room through an original stack bridge, and packaging, stacking and storing according to requirements; the secondary steam evaporated from each evaporating pot is defoamed and then gathered to enter a washing tower for washing. The washed secondary steam is compressed by a steam compressor and heated, and then enters a heater with various effects to be used as a heat source for brine evaporation and crystallization.
Example 3
In the embodiment 2 of the invention, the economy and energy consumption are compared before and after the process modification method based on the existing four-effect evaporation salt production system. The technological transformation method has the construction period of 1 year and the production and operation period of 10 years.
1. Technical economy
After the transformation, the scale is 12 ten thousand tons of refined salt produced every year. The total investment of the project is 3605.13 ten thousand yuan.
In view of the current production process flow and the actual production level of enterprises, the planned commissioning period is 2 years, the production load in the first year is 80%, the production load in the second year is 90%, and the production load from the third year is 100%.
The yield of the first year of production is as follows: 50kg of bagged edible salt 9.60 ten thousand tons;
the yield in the second year of production is as follows: 50kg of bagged edible salt 10.80 ten thousand tons;
from the third year on, the production and management period comprises the following yields: 50kg of bagged edible salt 12.00 ten thousand tons;
the sales revenue in the first year is: 4224.00 ten thousand yuan; the sales revenue in the second year is: 4752.00 ten thousand yuan; from the third year production and operation period, the annual sales income is as follows: 5280.00 ten thousand yuan, the investment recovery period is 3.34 years according to the energy-saving income calculation, including the construction period.
2. Energy consumption comparison
The energy consumption of the existing four-effect evaporation salt production system is as follows: 34 kW.h of electricity is consumed per ton of salt, and 1.15t of steam is consumed per ton of salt. The two items are 322.46 yuan in total according to the current running price.
Based on the energy consumption behind the present four-effect evaporation salt manufacturing system transformation for MVR evaporation salt manufacturing system is: 206.64 kW & h of electricity is consumed per ton of salt, and 0.19t of steam is consumed per ton of salt. The two items are 191.98 yuan in total according to the current running price.
The comparison result shows that the energy consumption of the existing four-effect evaporation salt-making system is higher, the steam consumption index is greatly reduced although the power consumption index is increased after the four-effect evaporation salt-making system is modified, and the total energy consumption per ton of salt is reduced to 191.98 yuan. Therefore, the energy-saving effect of the upgraded and modified production system is obvious, and considerable economic benefits can be brought to enterprises.
3. Energy saving benefit
The energy-saving income after transformation is mainly calculated according to ton salt steam saving and outsourcing electricity, and the steam and outsourcing electricity energy consumption indexes of the existing four-effect evaporation salt production system are compared, and the result shows that the price difference value of the steam and the electricity of the ton salt is as follows:
the ton salt energy consumption price of the four-effect evaporation salt manufacturing system-the energy consumption price of the modified MVR evaporation salt manufacturing system =322.46-191.98=130.48 (yuan)
And according to the final yield of 12 ten thousand tons/year edible salt after modification, the enterprise can obtain about 1565.76 ten thousand yuan per year only by the income.
Claims (10)
1. A process transformation method based on an existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, investigating the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing system to obtain the infrastructure condition of the existing system, comparing the process flow of the existing system with the process flow to be modified, and determining the available facilities of the existing system;
s2, replanning the layout of the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate making system, keeping the existing plant structure and keeping the equipment arrangement in the plant structure unchanged; a plurality of old evaporation chambers are arranged in an existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing workshop and are connected in series, and the old evaporation chambers are modified and utilized;
s3, one or more new evaporation chambers are newly built beside the existing workshop; merging the new evaporation chamber into the old evaporation chamber, and transforming the series connection mode into the parallel connection mode;
s4, newly building a compressor room beside the existing workshop; connecting a newly-built compressor room, a new evaporation chamber and the existing workshop into a whole;
and S5, newly building a steam pipeline, sending secondary steam evaporated from the new evaporation chamber and the old evaporation chamber into a compressor room for recovery, increasing the enthalpy of the secondary steam, and then entering each evaporation chamber to serve as a heat source to heat brine in each evaporation chamber.
2. The process transformation method based on the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the lower cone of the evaporation tank is connected with a first upper circulating pipe and a first lower circulating pipe;
the upper end of the heater is connected with the first upper circulating pipe, and the lower end of the heater is connected with the first lower circulating pipe; connecting a secondary steam outlet of the evaporating pot with the compressor room, and connecting the heater with the compressor room; the first lower circulating pipe is connected with the brine pipe;
the secondary steam evaporated by the evaporation tank enters the compressor room for recovery, and after the enthalpy of the secondary steam is improved, the secondary steam enters the heater to serve as a heat source to heat the brine entering the evaporation tank.
3. The process transformation method based on the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: a salt/saltpeter leg is arranged at the lower end of the lower cone and is connected with a salt/saltpeter slurry barrel; the first lower circulating pipe is connected with the multi-stage preheater through the brine pipe;
the brine enters the heater through the first lower circulating pipe after being preheated by the multi-stage preheater and is heated, and then enters the evaporating tank through the first upper circulating pipe after being heated for flash evaporation crystallization, and the crystallized salt/nitrate slurry is settled to the salt/nitrate leg and then flows into the salt/nitrate slurry barrel.
4. The process transformation method based on the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the multi-stage preheater comprises a mother liquor preheater, a condensate water preheater and a noncondensable gas preheater which are arranged in sequence;
and one bittern preheated by the condensate water preheater is separated to be used as elutriation water, and the elutriation water flows horizontally into the salt/nitre leg to elutriate salt/nitre pulp.
5. The process transformation method based on the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system according to claim 4, characterized in that:
dehydrating the salt/nitre slurry in the salt/nitre slurry barrel by using a centrifugal dehydration device, and drying the dehydrated wet salt/nitre by using a drying bed to obtain bulk dry salt/nitre;
wherein, the centrifugal mother liquor obtained by dehydrating the salt/nitre slurry by a centrifugal dehydration device is recycled and is merged into the brine before preheating.
6. The process transformation method based on the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system according to claim 2, characterized in that:
a steam compressor is arranged in the compressor room, an air inlet of the steam compressor is connected with the evaporating tank, and an air outlet of the steam compressor is connected with the heater;
and the secondary steam evaporated by the evaporation tank enters a steam compressor for compression, and enters the heater as a heat source after the enthalpy of the secondary steam is increased.
7. The process transformation method based on the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system according to claim 6, characterized in that:
still be provided with the demister in the compressor room, the air inlet of demister with the evaporating pot links to each other, the gas vent with vapor compressor links to each other, the secondary steam that the evaporating pot evaporates gets into and removes smugglomeration secretly in the demister, reentrant vapor compressor compresses.
8. The process transformation method based on the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system according to claim 7, characterized in that:
a gas washing tower is further arranged in the compressor room, a gas inlet of the gas washing tower is connected with the demister, and a gas outlet of the gas washing tower is connected with the vapor compressor;
and the secondary steam after foam removal enters a gas washing tower to be washed by circulating condensed water and then enters the steam compressor to be compressed after washing.
9. The process transformation method based on the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate producing workshop is also provided with a brine preheater, and the brine preheater is connected with a lower cone of the evaporation tank through a second upper circulating pipe and a second lower circulating pipe;
the brine preheater and the heater are connected in parallel into the lower cone of the evaporating pot to heat brine entering the evaporating pot.
10. The process transformation method based on the existing multi-effect evaporation salt and nitrate production system according to claim 9, characterized in that:
a straight cylinder is arranged in a lower cone of the evaporation tank, and a plurality of feeding holes and discharging holes are symmetrically formed in the lower cone;
the first upper circulating pipe and the second upper circulating pipe are communicated with the straight cylinder through the feeding hole, and the first lower circulating pipe and the second lower circulating pipe are communicated with the interior of the lower cone through the discharging hole.
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