CN114143949B - Flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device and anti-icing method - Google Patents
Flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device and anti-icing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114143949B CN114143949B CN202111462899.5A CN202111462899A CN114143949B CN 114143949 B CN114143949 B CN 114143949B CN 202111462899 A CN202111462899 A CN 202111462899A CN 114143949 B CN114143949 B CN 114143949B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device comprises a bare electrode (1), a hydrophobic coating (4), a middle flexible insulating medium (3), a buried electrode (2) and a lower flexible insulating medium (5) from top to bottom. The plasma surface treatment equipment for the flexible insulating medium in the preparation process comprises a sine wave power supply (6), a switch (11), an upper electrode plate (7), a lower electrode plate (9), an upper insulating plate (8) and a lower insulating plate (10). In addition, a preparation method of the flexible hydrophobic anti-icing plasma anti-icing device is also provided. Under the condition of the same power supply excitation parameters, the invention can obviously reduce the discharge power consumption of the plasma anti-icing device; the plasma discharge is more uniform, the surface temperature distribution is more uniform, and the temperature distortion can not occur; can effectively prevent ice accumulation on the surface of the aircraft body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plasmas, in particular to a flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device and an anti-icing method.
Background
The unmanned aerial vehicle deicing technology is closely related to flight safety, and when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies under icing meteorological conditions, cold water drops or supercooled rain in precipitation touch an aircraft body, or water vapor is directly sublimated on the surface of the aircraft body, ice accumulation can be formed. Once ice is deposited on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the aerodynamic appearance, the electronic sensor and the like are affected by light weight, and flight accidents and even crashes are caused by heavy weight. The large-scale aircraft can adopt traditional modes such as hot air, electric heating, chemical antifreezing, mechanical and the like to prevent ice, and for small and medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicles, no turbine engine can provide air heat for ice removal, and mechanical ice removal can change the appearance and the load of the aircraft body, so that development of an ice prevention method with small load and low energy consumption is urgently needed. Based on the rapid heating effect, the discharge plasma has remarkable technical advantages in the aspect of anti-icing, but the currently adopted surface dielectric barrier discharge type anti-icing action area is small, and the high-efficiency anti-icing requirement cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device, which comprises a bare electrode 1, a hydrophobic coating 4, a middle flexible insulating medium 3, a buried electrode 2 and a lower flexible insulating medium 5 from top to bottom; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The middle flexible insulating medium 3 is in a flake shape;
the hydrophobic coating 4 is positioned above the middle-layer flexible insulating medium 3, and the projection shape of the hydrophobic coating 4 on the horizontal plane is the same as that of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium 3;
the lamellar bare electrode 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the hydrophobic coating 4, and the projection of the bare electrode 1 on the horizontal plane is rectangular; the exposed electrode 1 is positioned on the left side or the right side of the upper surface of the hydrophobic coating 4, the left edge and the right edge of the exposed electrode 1 are parallel to the left edge and the right edge of the hydrophobic coating 4, and each edge of the exposed electrode 1 and the corresponding edge of the hydrophobic coating 4 are kept at a certain interval;
the buried electrode 2 is arranged on the lower surface of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium 3, the buried electrode 2 is generally positioned at the approximately middle position of the lower surface of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium 3, and the projection of the buried electrode 2 on the horizontal plane is rectangular; when the exposed electrode 1 is close to the left side of the middle flexible insulating medium 3, the projection of the left edge of the buried electrode 2 on the horizontal plane coincides with the projection of the right edge of the exposed electrode 1 on the horizontal plane, or a small distance is kept; when the exposed electrode 1 is close to the right side of the middle flexible insulating medium 3, the projection of the right edge of the buried electrode 2 on the horizontal plane coincides with the projection of the left edge of the exposed electrode 1 on the horizontal plane, or a small distance is kept; each edge of the buried electrode 2 is kept at a certain distance from the corresponding edge of the middle flexible insulating medium 3;
the lower flexible insulating medium 5 is arranged at the lowest layer of the flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device, and the projection shape of the lower flexible insulating medium 5 on the horizontal plane is the same as that of the hydrophobic coating 4 and the middle flexible insulating medium 3 under the normal condition that the upper surface and the lower surface of the lower flexible insulating medium have viscosity; the lower flexible insulating medium 5 completely covers the buried electrode 2; bonding the device to the aircraft at a location susceptible to icing by means of an underlying flexible insulating medium 5;
the exposed electrode 1 and the hydrophobic coating 4, the hydrophobic coating 4 and the middle flexible insulating medium 3, and the buried electrode 2 and the middle flexible insulating medium 3 are all bonded by adhesive substances.
In one embodiment of the invention, the middle flexible insulating medium 3 is a rectangular sheet with a thickness of 0.1-0.3mm.
In another embodiment of the invention, the buried electrode 2 is kept at a 1-2mm spacing from the projection of the bare electrode 1 on the horizontal plane.
In one embodiment of the present invention,
the middle flexible insulating medium 3 is a rectangular thin sheet with the thickness of 0.2mm; the lower flexible insulating medium 5 is selected from silicone rubber, epoxy resin, double-sided polyimide tape, double-sided polytetrafluoroethylene tape, preferably double-sided polyimide tape;
the bare electrode 1 and the buried electrode 2 are prepared by adopting a copper tape bonding method, or copper, silver, platinum or gold is directly prepared on the lower surface of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium 3 and the upper surface of the hydrophobic coating 4 through ion beam sputtering and screen printing processes.
The plasma surface treatment equipment for the flexible insulating medium is characterized by comprising a sine wave power supply 6, a switch 11, an upper electrode plate 7, a lower electrode plate 9, an upper insulating plate 8 and a lower insulating plate 10; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The upper electrode plate 7 is positioned on the upper surface of the upper insulating plate 8, is fixedly connected with the upper insulating plate 8, is connected with the high-voltage end of the high-voltage power supply 6, and is inserted with a switch 11 for controlling the generation and cutting-off of plasma;
the lower electrode plate 9 is positioned on the lower surface of the lower insulating plate 10, is fixedly connected with the lower insulating plate 10, and is grounded; the projection of the lower electrode plate 9 and the upper electrode plate 7 on the horizontal plane is basically coincident; the upper insulating plate 8 and the lower insulating plate 10 are opposite in position and are placed in parallel, projections of the upper insulating plate 8 and the lower insulating plate 10 on a horizontal plane are basically overlapped, and the vertical distance between the upper insulating plate 8 and the lower insulating plate 10 is 2-4mm;
placing the flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device in an intermediate position above the lower insulating plate 10;
the negative terminal of the high voltage power supply 6 is grounded.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper insulating plate 8 is disposed opposite to the lower insulating plate 10 in parallel with each other, and the projections of the two on the horizontal plane substantially coincide, and the vertical distance between the upper insulating plate 8 and the lower insulating plate 10 is 2-4mm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the vertical spacing between the upper insulating plate 8 and the lower insulating plate 10 is 3mm; the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply 6 is 10-15kV, and the discharge frequency is 10-15kHz.
In addition, the preparation method of the flexible hydrophobic anti-icing plasma anti-icing device is provided, and the preparation method is as follows:
first, the middle layer flexible insulating material 3 is surface treated
Firstly, washing an insulating material with alcohol; then cleaning in deionized water for 10-20 min, and drying in an oven for 10-20 min; further, the middle layer flexible insulating material 3 is subjected to surface treatment by plasma;
placing the treated middle flexible insulating medium 3 above the lower insulating plate 10 by using plasma surface treatment equipment, regulating the output voltage of the sine wave power supply 6 to be 10-15kV, discharging the electric frequency to be 10-15kHz, generating plasma between the upper insulating plate 8 and the lower insulating plate 10 after the switch 11 is turned on, and carrying out surface treatment on the upper surface of the middle flexible insulating medium 3 by using the plasma for 30-60s to obtain the surface treated middle flexible insulating medium 3;
second step, preparing hydrophobic coating
Mixing SiC particles with a resin matrix, wherein the mass fraction of the SiC particles is between 30 and 40 percent, magnetically stirring at the normal temperature for 1 to 2 hours, and then ultrasonically dispersing for 30 to 60 minutes at the normal temperature by using an ultrasonic cell crusher; uniformly mixing, uniformly coating the coating on a glass substrate, and naturally leveling the coating to form a coating with a certain thickness; placing the mixture into a high-temperature oven for curing for 2-3h; the hydrophobic coating can be prepared;
third step, preparing electrode
Preparing electrodes on two sides of a flexible medium;
fourth step, the lower flexible insulating medium 5 is paved
The paving range of the lower flexible insulating medium 5 is consistent with the size of the middle flexible insulating medium 3, one surface of the lower flexible insulating medium is adhered to the back surface of the flexible medium and used for blocking the discharge of the back of the anti-icing device, and the other surface of the lower flexible insulating medium is adhered to the position of the aircraft body, which is easy to freeze.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the preparation method of the flexible hydrophobic anti-icing plasma anti-icing device specifically comprises the following steps:
first, the middle layer flexible insulating material 3 is surface treated
The insulating material is selected from polyimide, silicon rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene or polyethylene; washing in deionized water for 15min, and drying in an oven at 50 ℃ for 15min;
placing the treated middle flexible insulating medium 3 above the lower insulating plate 10 by using plasma surface treatment equipment, regulating the output voltage of the sine wave power supply 6 to be 12kV, generating plasma between the upper insulating plate 8 and the lower insulating plate 10 after the switch 11 is turned on, wherein the plasma carries out surface treatment on the upper surface of the middle flexible insulating medium 3 for 45s, and obtaining the middle flexible insulating medium 3 after surface treatment;
second step, preparing hydrophobic coating
Mixing SiC particles with a resin matrix, wherein the mass fraction of the SiC particles is 35%, magnetically stirring for 1.5h at the temperature of 25 ℃ at the rotating speed of 300r/min, and then performing ultrasonic dispersion for 45min at the temperature of 25 ℃ by using an ultrasonic cell crusher at the power of 100W; uniformly mixing, uniformly coating the coating on a glass substrate, and naturally leveling the coating to form a coating with the thickness of 0.05-0.3 mm; placing the mixture into a baking oven at 100 ℃ for curing for 2.5 hours; the hydrophobic coating can be prepared;
third step, preparing electrode
Directly selecting copper adhesive tape to be adhered on two sides of a flexible medium, or preparing the flexible medium by screen printing and ion beam sputtering, wherein the metal material used in the screen printing process is conductive silver paste, and the metal material selected in the ion beam sputtering process is copper palladium, silver palladium, platinum palladium, gold palladium or tungsten palladium;
fourth step, the lower flexible insulating medium 5 is paved
The paving range of the lower flexible insulating medium 5 is consistent with the size of the middle flexible insulating medium 3, one surface of the lower flexible insulating medium is adhered to the back surface of the flexible medium and used for blocking the discharge of the back of the anti-icing device, and the other surface of the lower flexible insulating medium is adhered to the position of the aircraft body, which is easy to freeze.
According to the invention, the conventional flexible insulating medium is subjected to plasma surface modification, and then the hydrophobic coating is prepared on the surface of the modified insulating medium, so that the modified insulating medium is used as an insulating barrier medium of a plasma anti-icing device, and compared with a barrier medium without the coating, the plasma anti-icing device has the advantages that: under the condition of the same power supply excitation parameters, the device can obviously reduce the discharge power consumption of the plasma anti-icing device; the plasma discharge is more uniform, the surface temperature distribution is more uniform, and the temperature distortion can not occur; the hydrophobic coating contains inorganic filler, so that the bombardment damage of active particles generated by plasma discharge to a flexible insulating medium can be effectively prevented, and the service life of the device is effectively prolonged; the hydrophobic surface can change the supercooling to flow ice morphology, and the contact area between the hydrophobic surface and the surface of the plasma anti-icing device is reduced; the hydrophobic coating is matched with the rapid heating of plasma discharge, so that the ice accumulation on the surface of the aircraft body can be effectively prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a process for preparing a flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an insulating medium plasma surface treatment;
FIG. 4 illustrates a plasma region generated during operation of the flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device;
fig. 5 shows two waveforms of the high voltage power supply output, wherein fig. 5 (a) shows a sinusoidal waveform and fig. 5 (b) shows a spike waveform.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples, which include but are not limited to the following examples.
Fig. 1 (a) and (b) show a front view and a top view, respectively, of a structure of a flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device. As shown in fig. 1 (a), the flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device comprises a bare electrode 1, a hydrophobic coating 4, a middle flexible insulating medium 3, a buried electrode 2 and a lower flexible insulating medium 5 from top to bottom.
The middle flexible insulating medium 3 is generally a rectangular sheet with a thickness of 0.1-0.3mm, preferably 0.2mm.
On the upper surface of the hydrophobic coating 4, a sheet-like bare electrode 1 is arranged, the projection of the bare electrode 1 on a horizontal plane being generally rectangular. In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 (a), the bare electrode 1 is located on the left or right side of the hydrophobic coating 4, the left and right edges of the bare electrode 1 are parallel to the left and right edges of the hydrophobic coating 4, and each edge of the bare electrode 1 is spaced apart from the corresponding edge of the hydrophobic coating 4.
The shape of the hydrophobic coating 4 projected on the horizontal plane is the same as the middle flexible insulating medium 3. In one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophobic coating 4 is prepared on the upper surface of the middle layer flexible insulation medium 3 by a spray process, and the thickness of the coating is about 0.1mm.
The buried electrode 2 is arranged on the lower surface of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium 3, the buried electrode 2 is generally positioned at the approximately middle position of the lower surface of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium 3, the projection of the buried electrode 2 on the horizontal plane is generally rectangular, the projection of the left edge of the buried electrode 2 on the horizontal plane coincides with the projection of the exposed electrode 1 on the horizontal plane, the distance between 1mm and 2mm can be kept, and each edge of the buried electrode 2 and the corresponding edge of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium 3 are kept at a certain distance.
The lower flexible insulating medium 5 is arranged at the lowest layer of the flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device, has the function of adhesion on the upper surface and the lower surface on the basis of the insulating function, and is made of silicone rubber, epoxy resin, double-sided polyimide adhesive tape, double-sided polytetrafluoroethylene adhesive tape and the like, preferably double-sided polyimide adhesive tape. In general, its projected shape on the horizontal plane is the same as the hydrophobic coating 4, the middle layer flexible insulating medium 3; the lower flexible insulating medium 5 must completely cover the buried electrode 2, and the lower flexible insulating medium 5 is used for blocking the discharge on one side of the buried electrode 2, and is used for bonding the flexible hydrophobic blocking medium plasma anti-icing device of the invention to the position where the aircraft such as the wing, the tail wing and the like is easy to freeze.
In one embodiment of the invention, the exposed electrode 1 and the hydrophobic coating 4, the hydrophobic coating 4 and the middle flexible insulating medium 3, and the buried electrode 2 and the middle flexible insulating medium 3 are bonded by glue layers. Besides the preparation of the bare electrode 1 and the buried electrode 2 by adopting a copper tape bonding method, metals such as copper, silver, platinum, gold and the like can be directly prepared on the lower surface of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium 3 and the upper surface of the hydrophobic coating 4 through ion beam sputtering and screen printing processes.
Fig. 2 shows a process for preparing the flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device, which is divided into four steps, namely, surface treatment of a flexible insulating material, preparation of a hydrophobic coating, preparation of an electrode and paving of a double-sided insulating tape. The method comprises the following steps:
first, surface treatment of middle-layer flexible insulating material
The middle flexible insulating material can be polyimide, silicon rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, etc. Firstly, flushing the middle flexible insulating material with alcohol; then, washing in deionized water for 10min-20min, preferably 15min, and oven drying at 50deg.C for 10min-20min, preferably 15min; further, in order to subsequently enhance the binding force between the middle-layer flexible insulating medium 3 and the hydrophobic coating 4, the situation that the coating falls off due to factors such as long-term discharge, complex environment and the like is avoided, and the surface treatment of the middle-layer flexible insulating material is required by plasma.
The plasma surface treatment apparatus, as shown in fig. 3, comprises a sine wave power supply 6, a switch 11, an upper electrode plate 7, a lower electrode plate 9, an upper insulating plate 8 and a lower insulating plate 10. The upper electrode plate 7 is connected with the high-voltage end of the sine wave power supply 6, and a switch 11 is inserted between the upper electrode plate and the high-voltage end for controlling the generation and the cutting-off of plasma. The negative end of the sine wave power supply 6 is grounded. The shape of the lower electrode plate 9 is the same as that of the upper electrode plate 7, the lower electrode plate 9 and the upper electrode plate are horizontally arranged in parallel, and the projections of the lower electrode plate and the upper electrode plate on the horizontal plane are completely overlapped; the lower electrode plate 9 is grounded. The upper surface of the upper insulating plate 8 is in close contact with the lower surface of the upper electrode plate 7, the upper electrode plate 7 is located approximately at the center of the upper insulating plate 8, and the upper insulating plate 8 is placed horizontally. The lower surface of the lower insulating plate 10 is in close contact with the upper surface of the lower electrode plate 9, the lower electrode plate 9 is located approximately at the center of the lower insulating plate 10, the lower insulating plate 10 is placed horizontally, and the projections of the lower insulating plate 10 and the upper insulating plate 8 on the horizontal plane are completely overlapped. The vertical spacing between the upper insulating plate 8 and the lower insulating plate 10 is 2-4mm, preferably 3mm. The treated middle flexible insulating medium 3 is placed above the lower insulating plate, the output voltage of the sine wave power supply 6 is regulated to be 10-15kV, preferably 12kV, the discharge frequency is 10-15kHz, preferably 13kHz, after the switch 11 is turned on, plasma is generated between the upper insulating plate 8 and the lower insulating plate 10, the plasma carries out surface treatment on the upper surface of the middle flexible insulating medium 3, the treatment time is 30-60s, preferably 45s, and the middle flexible insulating medium 3 after surface treatment is obtained.
In a second step, a hydrophobic coating 4 is prepared
Mixing SiC particles with a resin matrix, wherein the mass fraction of the SiC particles is 30% -40%, preferably 35%, magnetically stirring at a rotating speed of 300r/min for 1-2 h, preferably 1.5h at 25 ℃, and then performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30-60 min, preferably 45min at 25 ℃ by using an ultrasonic cell crusher at a power of 100W. After the materials are fully and uniformly mixed, a nylon brush is used for dipping the coating, the coating is uniformly coated on the surface of the middle flexible insulating medium 3, and after the coating is naturally leveled, a coating with the thickness of 0.05-0.3mm, preferably 0.1mm, is formed. Placing the mixture in a 100 ℃ oven for curing for 2-3 hours, preferably 2.5 hours. The hydrophobic coating 4 can be prepared.
Third step, preparing electrode
Copper tape can be directly selected as the exposed electrode 1 and the buried electrode 2, the exposed electrode 1 is prepared on one side of the hydrophobic coating 4 (the other side of the hydrophobic coating 4 is adhered to the middle flexible insulating medium 3, and the two are identical in shape and cover each other), and the buried electrode 2 is prepared on one side of the middle flexible insulating medium 3 (as described above, the other side of the middle flexible insulating medium 3 is adhered to the hydrophobic coating 4). In addition, the bare electrode 1 and the buried electrode 2 can also be prepared by screen printing and ion beam sputtering processes, wherein the metal material used in the screen printing process is conductive silver paste, and the metal material selected in the ion beam sputtering process is copper palladium, silver palladium, platinum palladium, gold palladium, tungsten palladium and the like.
Fourth step, the lower flexible insulating medium 5 is paved
The lower flexible insulating medium 5 adopts a double-sided insulating tape, the spreading range of the double-sided insulating tape is consistent with the size of the middle flexible insulating medium 3, one surface of the double-sided insulating tape is adhered to the back surface of the middle flexible insulating medium 3, the buried electrode 2 is completely covered, the double-sided insulating tape is used for blocking discharge at the back of the anti-icing device, and the other surface of the double-sided insulating tape is adhered to the aircraft body.
The invention relates to a flexible hydrophobic anti-icing plasma anti-icing device, which comprises the following steps:
the exposed electrode 1 of the flexible hydrophobic anti-icing plasma anti-icing device is connected with the high-voltage end of the high-voltage power supply 13, and the negative end of the high-voltage power supply 13 is grounded. The buried electrode 2 is grounded (e.g., holes are punched in the underlying flexible insulating medium 5, and the buried electrode 2 is wired from the outside and the inside to ground). The high voltage power supply 13 may be a sine wave power supply 6 shown in fig. 3, or a pulse power supply (not shown), and is mainly used for generating a strong electric field between the exposed electrode 1 and the buried electrode 2, and forming a plasma discharge area 12 on the right side of the exposed electrode 1 and above the upper surface of the hydrophobic coating 4, as shown in fig. 4. The voltage waveform of the high-voltage power supply may be sinusoidal, pulsed, or of another type, and fig. 5 (a) and (b) show the sinusoidal waveform and the spike waveform of the high-voltage power supply output, respectively.
The flexible hydrophobic anti-icing plasma anti-icing device not only can reduce the power consumption of plasma discharge, but also has the following advantages:
under the condition of the same power supply excitation parameters, the device can enlarge the anti-icing area of the plasma; the plasma discharge is more uniform, the surface temperature distribution is more uniform, and the temperature distortion can not occur; the hydrophobic coating contains inorganic filler, so that the bombardment damage of active particles generated by plasma discharge to a flexible insulating medium can be effectively prevented, and the service life of the device is effectively prolonged; the hydrophobic surface can change the supercooling to flow ice morphology, and the contact area between the hydrophobic surface and the surface of the plasma anti-icing device is reduced; the hydrophobic coating is matched with the rapid heating of plasma discharge, so that the ice accumulation on the surface of the aircraft body can be effectively prevented.
Claims (9)
1. The flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device is characterized by comprising a bare electrode (1), a hydrophobic coating (4), a middle flexible insulating medium (3), a buried electrode (2) and a lower flexible insulating medium (5) from top to bottom; wherein the method comprises the steps of
The middle flexible insulating medium (3) is in a flake shape;
the hydrophobic coating (4) is positioned on the middle-layer flexible insulating medium (3), and the projection shape of the hydrophobic coating (4) on the horizontal plane is the same as that of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium (3);
the lamellar exposed electrode (1) is arranged on the upper surface of the hydrophobic coating (4), and the projection of the exposed electrode (1) on the horizontal plane is rectangular; the exposed electrode (1) is positioned on the left side or the right side of the upper surface of the hydrophobic coating (4), the left edge and the right edge of the exposed electrode (1) are parallel to the left edge and the right edge of the hydrophobic coating (4), and each edge of the exposed electrode (1) and the corresponding edge of the hydrophobic coating (4) are kept at a certain interval;
the buried electrode (2) is arranged on the lower surface of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium (3), the buried electrode (2) is generally positioned in the middle of the lower surface of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium (3), and the projection of the buried electrode (2) on the horizontal plane is rectangular; when the exposed electrode (1) is close to the left side of the middle flexible insulating medium (3), the projection of the left edge of the buried electrode (2) on the horizontal plane coincides with the projection of the right edge of the exposed electrode (1) on the horizontal plane, or a smaller interval is kept; when the exposed electrode (1) is close to the right side of the flexible insulating medium (3), the projection of the right edge of the buried electrode (2) on the horizontal plane coincides with the projection of the left edge of the exposed electrode (1) on the horizontal plane, or a smaller interval is kept; each edge of the buried electrode (2) and the corresponding edge of the middle flexible insulating medium (3) keep a certain distance;
the lower flexible insulating medium (5) is arranged at the lowest layer of the flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device, and the projection shape of the lower flexible insulating medium on the horizontal plane is the same as that of the hydrophobic coating (4) and the middle flexible insulating medium (3) under the normal condition that the upper surface and the lower surface of the lower flexible insulating medium are sticky; the lower flexible insulating medium (5) completely covers the buried electrode (2); bonding the device to a location of the aircraft where it is susceptible to icing by means of an underlying flexible insulating medium (5);
the exposed electrode (1) and the hydrophobic coating (4), the hydrophobic coating (4) and the middle flexible insulating medium (3) and the buried electrode (2) and the middle flexible insulating medium (3) are all bonded by adhesive substances.
2. A flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle flexible insulating medium (3) is a rectangular sheet with a thickness of 0.1-0.3mm.
3. A flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the buried electrode (2) is kept at a distance of 1-2mm from the projection of the bare electrode (1) on the horizontal plane.
4. A flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device according to claim 1 wherein,
the middle flexible insulating medium (3) is a rectangular thin sheet with the thickness of 0.2mm; the lower flexible insulating medium (5) is selected from silicone rubber, epoxy resin, double-sided polyimide adhesive tape and double-sided polytetrafluoroethylene adhesive tape;
the bare electrode (1) and the buried electrode (2) are prepared by adopting a copper tape bonding method, or copper, silver, platinum or gold is directly prepared on the lower surface of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium (3) and the upper surface of the hydrophobic coating (4) through ion beam sputtering and screen printing processes.
5. A plasma surface treatment device for a flexible insulating medium in the preparation process of the flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device, which adopts the flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized in that the device comprises a sine wave power supply (6), a switch (11), an upper electrode plate (7), a lower electrode plate (9), an upper insulating plate (8) and a lower insulating plate (10); wherein the method comprises the steps of
The upper electrode plate (7) is positioned on the upper surface of the upper insulating plate (8), is fixedly connected with the upper insulating plate (8), is connected with the high-voltage end of the sine wave power supply (6), and is inserted with a switch (11) therebetween for controlling the generation and the cutting-off of plasma;
the lower electrode plate (9) is positioned on the lower surface of the lower insulating plate (10), is fixedly connected with the lower insulating plate (10), and is grounded; the projection of the lower electrode plate (9) and the upper electrode plate (7) on the horizontal plane is basically overlapped; the upper insulating plate (8) and the lower insulating plate (10) are opposite in position and are placed in parallel, projections of the upper insulating plate (8) and the lower insulating plate (10) on a horizontal plane are basically overlapped, and the vertical distance between the upper insulating plate (8) and the lower insulating plate (10) is 2-4mm;
placing the flexible hydrophobic barrier medium plasma anti-icing device in an intermediate position above a lower insulating plate (10);
the negative end of the sine wave power supply (6) is grounded.
6. A plasma surface treatment apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the upper insulating plate (8) is placed opposite to the lower insulating plate (10) in parallel with each other, and the projections of the two on the horizontal plane substantially coincide, and the vertical distance between the upper insulating plate (8) and the lower insulating plate (10) is 2-4mm.
7. A plasma surface treatment apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the vertical spacing between the upper insulating plate (8) and the lower insulating plate (10) is 3mm; the output voltage of the sine wave power supply (6) is 10-15kV, and the discharge frequency is 10-15kHz.
8. The preparation method of the flexible hydrophobic anti-icing plasma anti-icing device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
first, the surface treatment of the middle flexible insulating medium (3)
Firstly, flushing the middle flexible insulating medium (3) with alcohol; then cleaning in deionized water for 10-20 min, and drying in an oven for 10-20 min; further, the surface treatment is carried out on the middle flexible insulating medium (3) through plasma;
placing the treated middle-layer flexible insulating medium (3) above a lower insulating plate (10) by using plasma surface treatment equipment, regulating the output voltage of a sine wave power supply (6) to be 10-15kV, discharging frequency to be 10-15kHz, generating plasma between a gap between the upper insulating plate (8) and the lower insulating plate (10) after a switch (11) is turned on, and carrying out surface treatment on the upper surface of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium (3) by using the plasma for 30-60s to obtain the surface-treated middle-layer flexible insulating medium (3);
second step, preparing hydrophobic coating
Mixing SiC particles with a resin matrix, wherein the mass fraction of the SiC particles is between 30 and 40 percent, magnetically stirring at the normal temperature for 1 to 2 hours, and then ultrasonically dispersing for 30 to 60 minutes at the normal temperature by using an ultrasonic cell crusher; uniformly mixing, uniformly coating the coating on a glass substrate, and naturally leveling the coating to form a coating with a certain thickness; placing the mixture into a high-temperature oven for curing for 2-3h; the hydrophobic coating can be prepared;
third step, preparing electrode
Preparing electrodes on two sides of a flexible medium;
fourth step, the lower flexible insulating medium (5) is paved
The paving range of the lower flexible insulating medium (5) is consistent with the size of the middle flexible insulating medium (3), one surface of the lower flexible insulating medium is adhered to the back surface of the flexible medium and used for blocking the discharge of the back of the anti-icing device, and the other surface of the lower flexible insulating medium is adhered to the position of the aircraft body, which is easy to freeze.
9. The method for preparing the flexible hydrophobic anti-icing plasma anti-icing device according to claim 8, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
first, the middle layer flexible insulating material 3 is surface treated
The insulating material is selected from polyimide, silicon rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene or polyethylene; washing in deionized water for 15min, and drying in an oven at 50 ℃ for 15min;
placing the treated middle-layer flexible insulating medium (3) above a lower insulating plate (10) by using plasma surface treatment equipment, regulating the output voltage of a sine wave power supply (6) to be 12kV, discharging the electric frequency to be 13kHz, generating plasma between the upper insulating plate (8) and the lower insulating plate (10) after a switch (11) is turned on, and carrying out surface treatment on the upper surface of the middle-layer flexible insulating medium (3) by using the plasma for 45s to obtain the middle-layer flexible insulating medium (3) after surface treatment;
second step, preparing hydrophobic coating
Mixing SiC particles with a resin matrix, wherein the mass fraction of the SiC particles is 35%, magnetically stirring for 1.5h at the temperature of 25 ℃ at the rotating speed of 300r/min, and then performing ultrasonic dispersion for 45min at the temperature of 25 ℃ by using an ultrasonic cell crusher at the power of 100W; uniformly mixing, uniformly coating the coating on a glass substrate, and naturally leveling the coating to form a coating with the thickness of 0.05-0.3 mm; placing the mixture into a baking oven at 100 ℃ for curing for 2.5 hours; the hydrophobic coating can be prepared;
third step, preparing electrode
Directly selecting copper adhesive tape to be adhered on two sides of a flexible medium, or preparing the flexible medium by screen printing and ion beam sputtering, wherein the metal material used in the screen printing process is conductive silver paste, and the metal material selected in the ion beam sputtering process is copper palladium, silver palladium, platinum palladium, gold palladium or tungsten palladium;
fourth step, the lower flexible insulating medium (5) is paved
The paving range of the lower flexible insulating medium (5) is consistent with the size of the middle flexible insulating medium (3), one surface of the lower flexible insulating medium is adhered to the back surface of the flexible medium and used for blocking the discharge of the back of the anti-icing device, and the other surface of the lower flexible insulating medium is adhered to the position of the aircraft body, which is easy to freeze.
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