CN114137583A - Navigation communication integrated signal design method based on satellite platform - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a navigation communication integrated signal design method based on a satellite platform, which combines a navigation ranging signal, a navigation message signal and a communication data signal together, and increases the capability of a satellite to send communication data to a user while providing navigation capability for the user. The scheme is that baseband signals of a navigation ranging branch signal, a navigation message branch signal and a communication data branch signal are generated respectively, and then the same frequency point is used for carrying out constant envelope modulation on the baseband signals of the three branches and sending the signals. The method can improve the frequency resource utilization efficiency of the satellite, can enable the modulated combined signal to show a constant envelope characteristic, reduces the peak-to-average ratio of the signal, and reduces the nonlinear distortion caused by the signal passing through the satellite power amplifier. The signal waveform distortion caused by the nonlinear distortion can be eliminated in the time domain, and the transmission power spectrum sidelobe cannot be increased in the frequency domain, so that the interference to the adjacent frequency bands is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, relates to signal design in the technical field of satellite navigation and communication, and particularly relates to a navigation and communication integrated signal design method based on a satellite platform, which can be used for providing a signal design method with constant envelope characteristics for a satellite navigation and communication integrated system.
Background
A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a space-based radio Navigation positioning System capable of providing users with all-weather 3-dimensional coordinates and velocity and time information at any location on the surface of the earth or in near-earth space. Global suppliers of the Satellite Navigation System 4, the Global Positioning System (GPS) in the united states, the GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System, GLONASS) in russia, the Galileo (Galileo) in europe, and the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) in china.
In recent years, the convergence of navigation communication is being explored both for military use and civil use, and a new navigation system integrating communication and navigation is emerging. Compared with other mainstream navigation systems, the Beidou satellite navigation system in China has the greatest characteristic that active positioning and short message characteristic services are combined, and system design combining communication and navigation functions is achieved. However, the frequency used by the short message service in the beidou satellite navigation system is: the downlink (air-to-ground) uses a 2483.5-2500MHz frequency band, and the uplink (ground-to-air) uses a 1610-1626.5MHz frequency band, which is different from the frequency band used by the Beidou satellite navigation system navigation service. That is to say, the Beidou satellite navigation system only concentrates the navigation and communication functions on one system, and the two systems use different frequency points, so that the frequency resources occupied by the system are more. The combined signal obtained by directly multiplexing multiple signals (more than three paths) at one frequency point may cause that the signal does not have constant envelope characteristics, which may cause nonlinear distortion when the signal passes through a satellite power amplifier. The nonlinear distortion causes signal waveform distortion in a time domain, and causes a side lobe of a transmission power spectrum to rise in a frequency domain, thereby causing interference to an adjacent frequency band.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a navigation communication integrated signal based on a satellite platform.
In order to realize the task, the invention adopts the following technical solution:
a navigation communication integrated signal design method based on a satellite platform is characterized in that a navigation ranging signal, a navigation message signal and a communication data signal are combined together, and the same frequency point is used for constant envelope modulation and transmission; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: generating a navigation ranging branch baseband signal S1(t)：
(1) Inputting a spread spectrum code stream of a navigation ranging branch, wherein the spread spectrum code stream is a sequence of 0 and 1;
(2) carrying out polarity conversion on the numerical values of the 0 and 1 sequence chips of the spread spectrum code stream of the navigation ranging branch, wherein 0 is converted into 1, and 1 is converted into-1;
step 2: generating navigation message branch baseband signal S2(t)：
(1) Inputting a navigation message branch data bit stream, wherein the data bit stream is a 0 and 1 sequence;
(2) carrying out channel coding on navigation message data, and framing according to the message frame format requirement;
(3) performing modulo two sum operation on the coded navigation message data and the spread spectrum code to realize spread spectrum processing;
(4) carrying out polarity conversion on the numerical values of the 0 and 1 sequence chips after the navigation message data are spread, wherein 0 is converted into 1, and 1 is converted into-1;
and step 3: generating a communication data branch baseband signal S3(t)：
(1) Inputting a communication data branch data bit stream, wherein the data bit stream is a 0 and 1 sequence;
(2) carrying out channel coding on communication data, and framing according to the requirement of a communication data frame format;
(3) performing modulo-two sum operation on the coded communication data and the spread spectrum code to realize spread spectrum processing;
(4) carrying out polarity conversion on the 0 and 1 chip values after the communication data are spread, wherein 0 is converted into 1, and 1 is converted into-1;
and 4, step 4: base band signal S of navigation ranging branch1Modulation factor theta of (t)1Fixing as pi/2, calculating navigation message branch baseband signal S2Modulation factor theta of (t)2And communication data branch baseband signal S3
Modulation factor theta of (t)3：
(1) According to the preset navigation message branch baseband signal S2(t) and navigation ranging branch baseband signal S1(t) power ratio α2Calculating the baseband signal S of the navigation message branch according to the following formula2(t) modulation factor θ2：
(2) According to the preset communication data branch baseband signal S3(t) and navigation ranging branch baseband signal S'1(t) power ratio α3(ii) a Calculating the baseband signal S of the communication data branch according to the following formula3(t) modulation factor θ3：
(1) the I-baseband signal I (t) is obtained by the following formula:
I(t)＝S2(t)sinθ2cosθ3+S3(t)cosθ2sinθ3
(2) the Q baseband signal Q (t) is obtained by:
Q(t)＝S1(t)cosθ2cosθ3-S1(t)S2(t)S3(t)sinθ2sinθ3
step 6: respectively carrying out carrier modulation on baseband signals I (t) and Q (t), namely multiplying the I (t) and Q (t) by carriers with the same frequency but with the initial phase difference of pi/2 to obtain a channel I radio frequency signal S after carrier modulationI(t) and Q paths of radio frequency signal SQ(t)：
SI(t)＝I(t)cos(2πfct)
SQ(t)＝Q(t)sin(2πfct)
In the formula (f)cIs the carrier frequency;
and 7: will SI(t) and SQ(t) adding to obtain a transmitted integrated conducting signal radio frequency combining signal S (t):
S(t)＝SI(t)+SQ(t)
and finally, sending the S (t) to a channel through a signal transmitter.
The invention discloses a navigation communication integrated signal design method based on a satellite platform, which adopts a signal design scheme of combining three signals of a navigation ranging signal, a navigation message signal and a communication data signal together, thereby not only improving the frequency resource utilization efficiency of a system, but also enabling the modulated signal to present a constant envelope characteristic, reducing the peak-to-average ratio of the signal and reducing the influence of nonlinear distortion brought by power amplification. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
firstly, the navigation signal and the communication signal are integrally designed based on a satellite platform, the navigation function is provided for a user, meanwhile, the communication data broadcasting function from the satellite to the user is added, and the method can be used for application occasions such as high-precision enhanced service of a satellite navigation system.
And secondly, the communication signals and the navigation signals are sent by using the same frequency points, and compared with communication data signals in the existing navigation system, the navigation signals (ranging and telegraph text) respectively use different frequency point design modes, so that the frequency band utilization rate is improved, and the frequency band resources are saved.
Thirdly, constant envelope modulation is carried out on three signals of navigation ranging, navigation messages and communication data to be sent, so that the peak-to-average ratio of the signals can be reduced, and the influence of nonlinear distortion brought by power amplification is reduced. The signal waveform distortion caused by the nonlinear distortion can be eliminated from the time domain, and the transmission power spectrum sidelobe cannot be increased from the frequency domain, so that the interference to the adjacent frequency bands is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a signal generation flow chart of a navigation communication integrated signal design method based on a satellite platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a navigation message data channel coding and frame structure of the navigation communication integrated signal design method based on a satellite platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of communication data channel coding and frame structure of the navigation communication integrated signal design method based on the satellite platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a time domain waveform diagram of an I-baseband signal I (t) of the method for designing a navigation communication integrated signal based on a satellite platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a time domain waveform diagram of a Q-baseband signal Q (t) of the method for designing a navigation communication integrated signal based on a satellite platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the path I of RF signal S of the integrated signal design method for satellite platform-based navigation communication of the present inventionI(t) a time domain waveform diagram;
FIG. 7 shows a Q-path radio frequency signal S of the navigation communication integrated signal design method based on the satellite platformQ(t) a time domain waveform diagram;
fig. 8 is a time domain waveform diagram of the radio frequency combining signal s (t) of the satellite platform-based navigation communication integrated signal design method of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a baseband combined signal envelope waveform diagram of the satellite platform-based navigation communication integrated signal design method of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Detailed Description
The embodiment provides a navigation communication integrated signal design method based on a satellite platform, which adopts navigation electricityWen branch signal S2(t) and navigation ranging branch signal S1(t) power ratio α 21/3, the communication data branch baseband signal S'3(t) and navigation ranging branch signal S1(t) power ratio α 34/3, the navigation message data bit rate is 50bps, the communication data channel data bit rate is 250bps, the navigation ranging code, navigation message signal and communication data signal spreading code length is 10230, the spreading code rate is 5.115MHz, and the carrier wave transmitting frequency is fcThe method is introduced by taking 5022.93MHz as an example, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
step 1: generating a navigation ranging branch baseband signal S1(t)：
(1) Inputting a navigation ranging branch spread spectrum code stream (0, 1 sequence) with the code length of 10230 and the code rate of 5.115 MHz;
(2) and performing polarity conversion on the values of 0 and 1 chips of the spread spectrum code stream of the navigation ranging branch, wherein 0 is converted into 1, and 1 is converted into-1.
Step 2: generating navigation message branch baseband signal S2(t)：
(1) Inputting a navigation message branch data stream (0, 1 sequence) with the bit rate of 50 bps;
(2) channel coding is performed on navigation message data, and framing is performed according to the message frame format requirement, as shown in fig. 2, each navigation message frame is composed of a frame synchronization code, message information data and a CRC check code, wherein the frame synchronization code is a 13-bit barker code, that is, 1111100110101. The 463 bit text information data of each text subframe uses 24-bit CRC check algorithm to calculate 24-bit CRC check code, and the 24-bit CRC check code generating polynomial is as follows:
the telegraph text information data and the CRC check code total 487 bits, and are combined with 5 bit filling bits [ 01010 ], and error correction coding is carried out by adopting LDPC (984, 492) with code rate of 1/2, and 984 coded symbols are obtained. The encoded message includes a 13-bit frame synchronization code, 984-bit message information symbols, and 3-bit padding symbols [ 010 ]. The encoded text symbol rate is 100 sps.
(3) And spreading the coded navigation message data, wherein the spreading code length of a message data branch is 10230, the code rate is 5.115MHz, and the spreading processing is that 1 message symbol and a spreading code sequence with 5 period lengths are subjected to modulo two summation operation.
(4) And performing polarity conversion on the 0 and 1 chip values after the navigation message data is spread, wherein 0 is converted into 1, and 1 is converted into-1.
And step 3: generating a communication data branch baseband signal S3(t)：
(1) A communication data tributary data stream (sequence of 0, 1) having an input data bit rate of 250 bps;
(2) the communication data is channel coded and framed according to the format requirements of the communication data frames, each of which is composed of a frame sync code, a communication data block 1 and CRC1 check code, a communication data block 2 and CRC2 check code, as shown in fig. 3.
The frame synchronization code is a 13-bit barker code, i.e., 1111100110101.
56 bits of data of the communication data block 1 use 8-bit CRC checking algorithm to calculate 8-bit CRC1 checking code, and the communication data and the CRC checking code have 64 bits in total; and performing error correction coding by using LDPC (128, 64) with code rate of 1/2 to obtain 128 coded symbols. The 8-bit CRC check code generator polynomial is x8+x2+x+1。
Calculating a 16-bit CRC2 check code by using a 16-bit CRC algorithm on the 400-bit data of the communication data block 2, wherein the communication data and the CRC check code are 416 bits in total; and performing error correction coding by using the LDPC (832, 416) with the code rate of 1/2 to obtain 832 coded symbols. The 16-bit CRC check code generator polynomial is x16+x12+x5+1。
The encoded communication data includes a 13-bit frame synchronization code, a 128-bit communication data block 1 symbol, and a 832-bit communication data block 2 symbol. The encoded text symbol rate is 500 sps.
(3) And spreading the coded communication data, wherein the code length of a spreading code of a communication data branch is 10230, the code rate is 5.115MHz, and the spreading process is that 1 communication data symbol and a spreading code sequence with the length of 1 period are subjected to modulo two summation operation.
(4) And performing polarity conversion on the 0 and 1 chip values after the communication data is spread, wherein 0 is converted into 1, and 1 is converted into-1.
And 4, step 4: base band signal S of navigation ranging branch1Modulation factor theta of (t)1Fixing as pi/2, calculating navigation message branch baseband signal S2Modulation factor theta of (t)2And communication data branch baseband signal S3Modulation factor theta of (t)3：
(1) Baseband signal S of preset navigation message branch2(t) and navigation ranging branch baseband signal S1(t) power ratio α2Substitution of 1/3 into the following formula calculates navigation message branch signal S2(t) modulation factor θ2：
(2) Baseband signal S of preset communication data branch3(t) and navigation ranging branch signal S1(t) power ratio α3Substituting 4/3 into the following formula to calculate baseband signal S of communication data branch3(t) modulation factor θ3：
And 5: theta derived from step 42＝0.5236，θ30.8571 calculate I, Q baseband signals:
(1) the I-baseband signal I (t) is obtained by the following formula:
I(t)＝S2(t)sinθ2cosθ3+S3(t)cosθ2sinθ3
(2) the Q baseband signal Q (t) is obtained by:
Q(t)＝S1(t)cosθ2cosθ3-S1(t)S2(t)S3(t)sinθ2sinθ3
the time domain waveforms of i (t) and q (t) obtained at simulation times t of 0 to 5E-5s are shown in fig. 4 and 5, respectively.
Step 6: respectively carrying out carrier modulation on baseband signals I (t) and Q (t), namely multiplying the I (t) and Q (t) by carriers with the same frequency but with the initial phase difference of not more than 2 according to the following formula to obtain a path I radio frequency signal S after carrier modulationI(t) and Q paths of radio frequency signal SQ(t)：
SI(t)＝I(t)cos(2πfct)
SQ(t)＝Q(t)sin(2πfct)
In the formula (f)c5022.93 MHz. S obtained at simulation time t of 0 to 5E-5SI(t) and SQ(t) time domain waveforms are shown in fig. 6 and 7, respectively.
And 7: will SI(t) and SQ(t) adding to obtain a transmission signal S (t):
S(t)＝SI(t)+SQ(t)
the time domain waveform of S (t) obtained when the simulation time t is 0 to 5E-5s is shown in FIG. 8. And finally, sending the S (t) to a channel through a signal transmitter.
In the method for designing navigation and communication integrated signal based on satellite platform, envelope I (t) of baseband signal2+Q(t)2As shown in fig. 9, it can be seen that the envelope of the signal is constant at 1, which proves that a combined signal obtained by multiplexing three signals at one frequency point according to the method for designing a navigation and communication integrated signal based on a satellite platform of this embodiment has a constant envelope characteristic, and can avoid nonlinear distortion caused when the signal passes through a satellite power amplifier.
Claims (1)
1. A navigation communication integrated signal design method based on a satellite platform is characterized in that a navigation ranging signal, a navigation message signal and a communication data signal are combined together, and the same frequency point is used for constant envelope modulation and transmission; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: generating a navigation ranging branch baseband signal S1(t)：
(1) Inputting a spread spectrum code stream of a navigation ranging branch, wherein the spread spectrum code stream is a sequence of 0 and 1;
(2) carrying out polarity conversion on the numerical values of the 0 and 1 sequence chips of the spread spectrum code stream of the navigation ranging branch, wherein 0 is converted into 1, and 1 is converted into-1;
step 2: generating navigation message branch baseband signal S2(t)：
(1) Inputting a navigation message branch data bit stream, wherein the data bit stream is a 0 and 1 sequence;
(2) carrying out channel coding on navigation message data, and framing according to the message frame format requirement;
(3) performing modulo two sum operation on the coded navigation message data and the spread spectrum code to realize spread spectrum processing;
(4) carrying out polarity conversion on the numerical values of the 0 and 1 sequence chips after the navigation message data are spread, wherein 0 is converted into 1, and 1 is converted into-1;
and step 3: generating a communication data branch baseband signal S3(t)：
(1) Inputting a communication data branch data bit stream, wherein the data bit stream is a 0 and 1 sequence;
(2) carrying out channel coding on communication data, and framing according to the requirement of a communication data frame format;
(3) performing modulo-two sum operation on the coded communication data and the spread spectrum code to realize spread spectrum processing;
(4) carrying out polarity conversion on the 0 and 1 chip values after the communication data are spread, wherein 0 is converted into 1, and 1 is converted into-1;
and 4, step 4: base band signal S of navigation ranging branch1Modulation factor theta of (t)1Fixing as pi/2, calculating navigation message branch baseband signal S2Modulation factor theta of (t)2And communication data branch baseband signal S3Modulation factor theta of (t)3：
(1) According to the preset navigation message branch baseband signal S2(t) and navigation ranging branch baseband signal S1(t) power ratio α2According to the following formulaCalculating navigation message branch baseband signal S2(t) modulation factor θ2：
(2) According to the preset communication data branch baseband signal S3(t) and navigation ranging branch baseband signal S1(t) power ratio α3(ii) a Calculating the baseband signal S of the communication data branch according to the following formula3(t) modulation factor θ3：
Step 5, respectively generating I, Q road baseband signals:
(1) the I-baseband signal I (t) is obtained by the following formula:
I(t)＝S2(t)sinθ2cosθ3+S3(t)cosθ2sinθ3
(2) the Q baseband signal Q (t) is obtained by:
Q(t)＝S1(t)cosθ2cosθ3-S1(t)S2(t)S3(t)sinθ2sinθ3
step 6: respectively carrying out carrier modulation on baseband signals I (t) and Q (t), namely multiplying the I (t) and Q (t) by carriers with the same frequency but with the initial phase difference of pi/2 to obtain a channel I radio frequency signal S after carrier modulationI(t) and Q paths of radio frequency signal SQ(t)：
SI(t)＝I(t)cos(2πfct)
SQ(t)＝Q(t)sin(2πfct)
In the formula (f)cIs the carrier frequency;
and 7: will SI(t) and SQ(t) adding to obtain a transmitted integrated conducting signal radio frequency combining signal S (t):
S(t)＝SI(t)+SQ(t)
and finally, sending the S (t) to a channel through a signal transmitter.
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