CN114137370A - Space charge and PD combined test experimental equipment and experimental method - Google Patents
Space charge and PD combined test experimental equipment and experimental method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a space charge and PD combined test experimental device and an experimental method, wherein the device is structurally characterized in that a high-voltage amplifier of a power supply generation system is connected with an upper electrode of a space charge measurement and stress regulation system; the high-voltage direct-current power supply of the power supply generation system is connected with the synchronous control device of the partial discharge measurement system; the oscilloscope of the partial discharge measurement system is connected with the ultrasonic sensor, the antenna sensor, the amplifier and the output end of the measurement electrode of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system; the oscilloscope of the stress measurement system is connected with the piezoelectric sensor of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system; the stress measuring system, the temperature control and measuring system are respectively connected with the synchronous control device of the partial discharge measuring system. The device is used for respectively carrying out step pressurization test on four typical defect composite sheet samples, and aims to solve the problems that the PD generation mechanism is not clear, direct current PD characterization is difficult and identification difficulty is high under complex conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to space charge and PD combined test experimental equipment and an experimental method, in particular to space charge and PD combined test experimental equipment consisting of a power supply generation system, a partial discharge measurement system, a space charge measurement and stress adjustment system, a stress measurement system and a temperature control and measurement system. The invention also relates to an experimental method for the space charge and PD multi-physical-parameter combined test based on the space charge and PD combined test experimental equipment.
Background
The flexible direct current transmission (flexible direct current for short) has strong controllability, flexible operation mode and multiple adaptive scenes, and is named as voltage source converter high-voltage direct current transmission (VSC-HVDC) by the international large power grid Conference (CIGRE).
The flexible direct current transmission direct current cable (flexible direct current cable for short) faces complex operation conditions in actual operation, and is mainly represented as follows:
(1) space charge. The accumulation and change of space charge of the direct current cable can cause the distortion of electric field distribution, and the aging of the insulating medium can be accelerated by long-term action.
(2) The current is applied. The flexible and straight power flow is flexibly controlled, the current fluctuation is relatively large, and the frequent change of the generated energy of the wind turbine generator of the flexible and straight system of the offshore wind power can cause the current fluctuation in the flexible and straight cable to be large.
(3) And (3) temperature. The continuous change of the current can change the temperature field in the cable and further influence the conductivity of an insulating medium, the change of the conductivity has great influence on a direct current electric field, and even an electric field reversal phenomenon that the field intensity at the outer side of the insulation is higher than that at the inner side of the insulation occurs under a certain temperature difference, which brings great challenge to the insulation of the cable.
(4) Harmonics. The flexible-direct current converter can generate 3% -7% of harmonic waves in the charging process, and the flexible-direct system generally has no smoothing reactor, so that the harmonic waves can be transmitted to a cable along with direct-current voltage, and the insulation of the cable is adversely affected.
(5) And (4) stress. In the running process of the flexible straight cable, due to the expansion and contraction effect caused by the temperature change of the core wire and the insulating material, the stress of the insulating material is changed, and particularly the stress change near impurities, particles and air gaps left on a material interface is large.
The research of partial discharge (abbreviated as PD) under the conditions is still in the starting stage internationally, and the main difficulties comprise: the mechanism of PD generation under complex conditions is not clear; and the direct current PD is difficult to characterize and large in identification difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides space charge and PD combined test experimental equipment and an experimental method for disclosing a generation mechanism of a flexible direct current cable PD under a complex operation condition and preferably selecting new characteristics of the PD by characteristic knowledge mining.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
space charge and PD combined test experimental facility comprises power generation system, partial discharge measurement system, space charge measurement and stress adjustment system, stress measurement system, temperature control and measurement system, its characterized in that: the high-voltage amplifier of the power generation system is connected with the upper electrode of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system; the high-voltage direct-current power supply of the power supply generation system is connected with the synchronous control device of the partial discharge measurement system; the oscilloscope of the partial discharge measurement system is connected with the ultrasonic sensor, the antenna sensor, the amplifier and the output end of the measurement electrode of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system; the oscilloscope of the stress measurement system is connected with the piezoelectric sensor of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system; the stress measuring system, the temperature control and measuring system are respectively connected with the synchronous control device of the partial discharge measuring system.
The power generation system consists of a waveform generation module, a high-voltage direct-current power supply and a high-voltage amplifier, wherein harmonic signals generated by the waveform generation module and direct-current signals generated by the high-voltage direct-current power supply are input into the high-voltage amplifier together and then are connected to an upper electrode of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system.
The partial discharge PD measuring system consists of a partial discharge measuring oscilloscope, a synchronous control device and a lower electrode grounding circuit, wherein the partial discharge measuring oscilloscope is connected with the synchronous control device, and the lower electrode grounding circuit is connected with a lower electrode of the space charge measuring and stress adjusting system.
The space charge measurement and stress adjustment system comprises two subsystems: the space charge measurement subsystem and the stress adjustment subsystem;
the space charge measurement subsystem consists of a nanosecond pulse source, a protective electrode, an upper electrode outer insulating shell, an upper electrode immersion oil cavity, an upper electrode inner insulating shell, an upper electrode, a PVDF piezoelectric sensor, an organic glass absorption layer, an ultrasonic sensor, an antenna sensor, an upper sheet sample, a lower sheet sample, a measurement electrode, a lower electrode outer insulating shell, a lower electrode inner insulating shell, a lower electrode immersion oil cavity, an amplifier and an insulating support; the whole experimental environment is surrounded by the protective electrode and the insulating support, so that the internal electrode is prevented from being damaged; the nanosecond pulse source is connected with the upper electrode, and the insulating support is arranged below the protective electrode and used for supporting the protective electrode and the upper experimental device; an insulating shell in the electrode above the upper electrode oil immersion cavity is used as the wall of the oil immersion cavity; the upper electrode outer insulating shell wraps the upper electrode inner insulating shell to prevent flashover; the upper electrode is tightly attached to the flaky sample and is arranged in the upper electrode oil immersion cavity to provide positive voltage; the lower flaky sample is tightly attached to the upper flaky sample, and the defect is positioned in the interlayer of the two samples; the lower electrode outer insulating shell is embedded in the insulating support, wraps the lower electrode inner insulating shell, prevents flashover, and is the same as the upper electrode in installation, the lower electrode inner insulating shell below the lower electrode oil immersion cavity is used as the oil immersion cavity wall, and the lower electrode is tightly attached to the lower sheet-shaped sample and is arranged in the lower electrode oil immersion cavity; the upper part of the PVDF piezoelectric sensor is tightly attached to the lower electrode, and the lower part of the PVDF piezoelectric sensor is tightly attached to the organic glass absorption layer and used for absorbing sound wave energy and preventing sound wave reflection; the antenna sensor and the ultrasonic sensor are placed beside the upper flaky sample and the lower flaky sample, and the output ends of the ultrasonic sensor and the antenna sensor are connected with the partial discharge measurement oscilloscope; the measuring electrode is annular, is arranged below the lower flaky sample and is embedded in the insulating shell in the lower electrode, the input end of the measuring electrode is connected with the lower electrode, and the output end of the measuring electrode is connected with the partial discharge measuring oscilloscope; the input end of the amplifier is connected with the organic glass absorption layer, and the output end of the amplifier is connected with an oscilloscope of the partial discharge measurement system.
In the experimental process, in order to prevent flashover, on one hand, the module of the lower electrode is embedded into the insulating support, and on the other hand, the size of the two sheet-shaped samples is far larger than that of the electrode. Both sheet samples were 100mm by 100mm squares, and the upper and lower electrodes were cylindrical electrodes with a diameter of 20 mm. During the experiment, silicone oil is coated between the PVDF piezoelectric sensor and the lower electrode, between the PVDF piezoelectric sensor and the sample, and between the PVDF piezoelectric sensor and the upper sheet sample to serve as acoustic coupling agents, so that acoustic wave conduction is facilitated.
The stress adjusting subsystem consists of an insulating support rod, a fine quasi-spiral, a coarse quasi-spiral, a transmission rod, a transmission base, a graduated scale and two piezoelectric sensors; the insulating support rod is in a handle shape and is arranged on the surface of the protective electrode to prevent an operator from electric shock; the thick quasi-spiral and the thin quasi-spiral are respectively arranged on the insulating support rod, the thick quasi-spiral is used for rough adjustment, and the thin quasi-spiral is used for fine adjustment; the transmission rod is connected with the coarse quasi-spiral, the fine quasi-spiral and the transmission base, and the transmission base is an insulator and is tightly attached to the flaky sample; a thin and long (3mm x 100mm) hole is formed at the bottom of the insulating support rod close to the transmission base, and length scales are marked on the hole from top to bottom, namely the hole is a graduated scale; one end of the transmission base extends out of the protective electrode, and the tail end of the transmission base is thinned to extend into the graduated scale, so that visual reading is realized. The knob capable of adjusting the thickness and the quasi-spiral can change the pressure of the transmission rod on the transmission base, thereby realizing the adjustment of the stress; the piezoelectric sensors are annular and are placed between the upper flaky sample and the lower flaky sample, and the two piezoelectric sensors are connected with the stress measurement oscilloscope, so that the contact with defects is avoided, and the equipment is prevented from being damaged.
The stress measuring system is a stress measuring oscilloscope which is connected with the synchronous control device to realize synchronous measurement, and an external computer can obtain signals of the stress measuring oscilloscope to calculate the corresponding stress.
The temperature control and measurement system consists of four oil pipelines and two sets of high/low pressure constant temperature circulating bath devices, wherein the first set of high/low pressure constant temperature circulating bath device 301 is connected with an electrode immersion oil cavity on the space charge measurement subsystem through two oil pipelines, the second set of high/low pressure constant temperature circulating bath device 304 is connected with a lower electrode immersion oil cavity on the space charge measurement subsystem through the other two oil pipelines, the electrode temperature can be controlled by adjusting the oil temperature, and the two high/low pressure constant temperature circulating bath devices are connected with a synchronous control device to realize synchronous measurement.
An experimental method for testing experimental equipment by using the space charge and PD combination is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: carrying out a space charge-temperature combined test experiment, keeping the stress unchanged, respectively carrying out a pressurization test on the composite flaky samples with the four typical defects, controlling the temperature, and researching the space charge distribution characteristics of different types of defects of the composite flaky samples when the temperature changes; the temperature change can cause the deformation of the sample, at the moment, a stress regulating subsystem is needed to keep the stress on the sample unchanged, and PD data are synchronously recorded in the experimental process;
s2: carrying out a space charge-harmonic wave combined test experiment, wherein the experiment keeps temperature and stress unchanged, simulates different harmonic wave signals in the running process of a flexible and straight cable, respectively carries out pressurization test on the composite sheet-shaped samples with four typical defects, records the space charge distribution characteristics of the defects of different types, and synchronously records PD data in the experiment process;
s3: a space charge-stress combined test experiment is carried out, the temperature is kept unchanged, and the pressure of the transmission rod on the composite sheet sample can be changed by adjusting a knob for adjusting the thickness and the spiral of the insulating support rod, so that the stress is adjusted; respectively carrying out pressurization tests on the composite sheet samples with the four typical defects under different stresses, and recording the space charge distribution characteristics of the defects of different types; synchronously recording PD data in the experimental process;
s4: carrying out a PD-temperature combined test experiment, keeping the stress unchanged, respectively carrying out a pressurization test on the composite sheet-shaped samples with the four typical defects, controlling the temperature, and researching the PD initial characteristics and dynamic characteristics of different types of defects of the composite sheet-shaped samples when the temperature changes; the sample can deform due to temperature change, and the stress on the sample is kept unchanged by adjusting the stress adjusting subsystem;
s5: carrying out a PD-harmonic wave combined test experiment, wherein the experiment keeps temperature and stress unchanged, simulates different harmonic wave signals in the running process of the flexible and straight cable, respectively carries out pressurization test on the composite sheet-shaped test samples with four typical defects, and records PD initial characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the defects of different types;
s6: developing a PD-stress combined test experiment, keeping the temperature unchanged, and adjusting the thickness of the insulating support rod by adjusting a spiral knob to change the pressure of the transmission rod on the composite sheet sample so as to realize the adjustment of the stress; and respectively carrying out pressurization tests on the composite sheet samples with the four typical defects under different stresses, and recording the PD initial characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the defects of different types.
Based on the space charge and PD combined test experimental equipment, space charge, PD and multi-physical parameter combined test experiments can be developed, and the space charge, PD and multi-physical parameter combined test experimental equipment comprises the following six experiments: the device comprises a space charge-temperature combined test experiment, a space charge-harmonic combined test experiment, a space charge-stress combined test experiment, a PD-temperature combined test experiment, a PD-harmonic combined test experiment and a PD-stress combined test experiment. The three multi-physical-parameter combined test experiments of space charge respectively carry out pressurization tests on the composite sheet-shaped samples with four typical defects under different stresses, record the space charge distribution characteristics of the defects of different types, and synchronously record PD data. The multi-physical-parameter combined test experiment of the PD carries out pressurization test on the composite sheet-shaped test sample with four typical defects respectively, records PD initial characteristics and dynamic characteristics of different types of defects, and records data such as space charge, PD, stress, temperature and the like in the generation and development processes of the PD. The method aims to solve the problems that the PD generation mechanism under the complex condition is not clear, the direct current PD is difficult to characterize and the identification difficulty is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a space charge and PD combined test experimental facility according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent; those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention may be practiced without one or more of the specific details. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the space charge and PD combined test experimental apparatus of the present invention is composed of a power generation system, a partial discharge measurement system, a space charge measurement and stress adjustment system, a stress measurement system, and a temperature control and measurement system, and is characterized in that: the high-voltage amplifier of the power generation system is connected with the upper electrode of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system; the high-voltage direct-current power supply of the power supply generation system is connected with the synchronous control device of the partial discharge measurement system; the oscilloscope of the partial discharge measurement system is connected with the ultrasonic sensor, the antenna sensor, the amplifier and the output end of the measurement electrode of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system; the oscilloscope of the stress measurement system is connected with the piezoelectric sensor of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system; the stress measuring system, the temperature control and measuring system are respectively connected with the synchronous control device of the partial discharge measuring system.
In this embodiment, the power generation system is composed of a waveform generation module 101, a high voltage dc power supply 102 and a high voltage amplifier 103, a harmonic signal generated by the waveform generation module 101 and a dc signal generated by the high voltage dc power supply 102 are input to the high voltage amplifier 103 and then connected to the upper electrode 512 of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system, and the waveform generation module 101 is a harmonic signal generated by MATLAB and LabVIEW.
In this embodiment, the partial discharge PD measurement system is composed of an partial discharge measurement oscilloscope 202, a synchronous control device 201, and a lower electrode grounding circuit 203, where the partial discharge measurement oscilloscope 202 is connected to the synchronous control device 201, and the lower electrode grounding circuit 203 is connected to a lower electrode 522 of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system.
In this embodiment, the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system includes two subsystems: the space charge measurement subsystem and the stress adjustment subsystem;
the space charge measurement subsystem is composed of a nanosecond pulse source 501, a protective electrode 502, an upper electrode outer insulating shell 508, an upper electrode immersion oil cavity 510, an upper electrode inner insulating shell 511, an upper electrode 512, a PVDF piezoelectric sensor 513, an organic glass absorption layer 514, an ultrasonic sensor 515, an antenna sensor 516, an upper sheet sample 517, a lower sheet sample 518, a measurement electrode 521, a lower electrode 522, a lower electrode outer insulating shell 523, a lower electrode inner insulating shell 524, a lower electrode immersion oil cavity 525, an amplifier 526 and an insulating support 527; the whole experimental environment is surrounded by the protective electrode 502 and the insulating support 527, so that the internal electrode is prevented from being damaged; the nanosecond pulse source 501 is connected with the upper electrode 512, and the insulating support 527 is arranged below the protective electrode 502 and used for supporting the protective electrode 502 and an upper experimental device; the insulating shell 511 in the electrode above the upper electrode oil immersion cavity 510 is used as the wall of the oil immersion cavity; the upper electrode outer insulating shell 508 wraps the upper electrode inner insulating shell 511 to prevent flashover; the upper electrode 512 is tightly attached to the upper sheet sample 517 and is arranged in the upper electrode oil immersion cavity 510 to provide positive voltage; the lower sheet sample 518 is tightly attached to the upper sheet sample 517, and the defect 520 is positioned in the interlayer of the two samples; the lower electrode outer insulating shell 523 is embedded in an insulating support 527 and wraps the lower electrode inner insulating shell 524 to prevent flashover, the lower electrode outer insulating shell is the same as the upper electrode in installation, the lower electrode inner insulating shell 524 below the lower electrode oil immersion cavity 525 serves as the oil immersion cavity wall, and the lower electrode 522 is tightly attached to the lower sheet-shaped test sample 518 and is arranged in the lower electrode oil immersion cavity 525; the upper part of the PVDF piezoelectric sensor 513 is tightly attached to the lower electrode 522, and the lower part of the PVDF piezoelectric sensor is tightly attached to the organic glass absorption layer 514, so that the acoustic wave energy is absorbed and the acoustic wave reflection is prevented; the antenna sensor 516 and the ultrasonic sensor 515 are placed beside the upper sheet-shaped test sample 517 and the lower sheet-shaped test sample 518, and the output ends of the ultrasonic sensor 515 and the antenna sensor 516 are connected with the partial discharge measurement oscilloscope 202; the measuring electrode 521 is annular, is arranged below the lower sheet-shaped sample 518 and is embedded in the lower electrode inner insulating shell 524, the input end of the measuring electrode is connected with the lower electrode 522, and the output end of the measuring electrode is connected with the partial discharge measuring oscilloscope 202; the input end of the amplifier 526 is connected with the organic glass absorption layer 514, and the output end is connected with the oscilloscope 202 of the partial discharge measurement system.
In the experiment process, in order to prevent flashover, on one hand, the module of the lower electrode 522 is embedded into the insulating support 527, and on the other hand, the size of the two sheet-shaped samples is far larger than that of the electrodes. Both sheet samples were 100mm by 100mm squares, and both the upper electrode 512 and the lower electrode 522 were cylindrical electrodes with a diameter of 20 mm. During the experiment, silicone oil is coated between the PVDF piezoelectric sensor 513 and the lower electrode 522, between the lower electrode 522 and the sample 518, and between the upper electrode 512 and the upper sheet sample 517 to serve as acoustic coupling agents, so that the acoustic wave conduction is facilitated.
The stress adjustment subsystem consists of an insulating support rod 503, a fine quasi-spiral 504, a coarse quasi-spiral 505, a transmission rod 506, a transmission base 507, a graduated scale 509 and two piezoelectric sensors 519; the insulating support rod 503 is in a handle shape and is arranged on the surface of the protective electrode 502 to prevent an operator from getting an electric shock; the thick quasi-spiral 504 and the thin quasi-spiral 504 are respectively arranged on the insulating support rod 503, the thick quasi-spiral 505 is used for rough adjustment, and the thin quasi-spiral 504 is used for fine adjustment; the transmission rod 506 is connected with the thick quasi-spiral 505, the thin quasi-spiral 504 and the transmission base 507, and the transmission base 507 is an insulator and is tightly attached to the upper sheet sample 517; a thin and long (3mm x 100mm) hole is formed at the bottom of the insulating support rod 503 close to the transmission base 507, and length scales are marked on the hole from top to bottom, namely, the hole is a graduated scale 509; one end of the transmission base 507 extends out of the protective electrode 502, and the tail end of the transmission base is thinned to extend into the graduated scale 509, so that visual reading is realized. The knob capable of adjusting the thickness and the quasi-spiral can change the pressure of the transmission rod 506 on the transmission base 507, thereby realizing the adjustment of the stress; the piezoelectric sensors 519 are annular and are placed between the upper sheet-shaped test sample 517 and the lower sheet-shaped test sample 518, and the two piezoelectric sensors 519 are connected with the stress measurement oscilloscope 401, so that the contact with the defects 520 is avoided, and the equipment damage is prevented.
In this embodiment, the stress measurement system is a stress measurement oscilloscope 401, the stress measurement oscilloscope 401 is connected to the synchronous control device 201 to achieve synchronous measurement, and an external computer obtains a signal of the stress measurement oscilloscope 401 to calculate the corresponding stress.
In this embodiment, the temperature control and measurement system is composed of four oil pipes (302, 303, 305, 306), and two sets of high/low pressure constant temperature circulating bath devices (301, 304), the first set of high/low pressure constant temperature circulating bath device 301 is connected with the upper electrode immersion oil chamber 510 of the space charge measurement subsystem through two oil pipes (302, 303), the second set of high/low pressure constant temperature circulating bath device 304 is connected with the lower electrode immersion oil chamber 525 of the space charge measurement subsystem through the other two oil pipes (305, 306), the electrode temperature can be controlled by adjusting the oil temperature, and the two high/low pressure constant temperature circulating bath devices are connected with a synchronous control device to realize synchronous measurement.
According to the space charge and PD combined test experimental equipment, the space charge, PD and multi-physical-parameter combined test experiment can be developed, and the method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1: carrying out a space charge-temperature combined test experiment, keeping the stress unchanged, respectively carrying out a pressurization test on the composite flaky samples with the four typical defects, controlling the temperature, and researching the space charge distribution characteristics of different types of defects of the composite flaky samples when the temperature changes; the temperature change can cause the deformation of the sample, at the moment, a stress regulating subsystem is needed to keep the stress on the sample unchanged, and PD data are synchronously recorded in the experimental process;
s2: carrying out a space charge-harmonic wave combined test experiment, wherein the experiment keeps temperature and stress unchanged, simulates different harmonic wave signals in the running process of a flexible and straight cable, respectively carries out pressurization test on the composite sheet-shaped samples with four typical defects, records the space charge distribution characteristics of the defects of different types, and synchronously records PD data in the experiment process;
s3: a space charge-stress combined test experiment is carried out, the temperature is kept unchanged, and the pressure of the transmission rod on the composite sheet sample can be changed by adjusting a knob for adjusting the thickness and the spiral of the insulating support rod, so that the stress is adjusted; respectively carrying out pressurization tests on the composite sheet samples with the four typical defects under different stresses, and recording the space charge distribution characteristics of the defects of different types; synchronously recording PD data in the experimental process;
s4: carrying out a PD-temperature combined test experiment, keeping the stress unchanged, respectively carrying out a pressurization test on the composite sheet-shaped samples with the four typical defects, controlling the temperature, and researching the PD initial characteristics and dynamic characteristics of different types of defects of the composite sheet-shaped samples when the temperature changes; the sample can deform due to temperature change, and the stress on the sample is kept unchanged by adjusting the stress adjusting subsystem;
s5: carrying out a PD-harmonic wave combined test experiment, wherein the experiment keeps temperature and stress unchanged, simulates different harmonic wave signals in the running process of the flexible and straight cable, respectively carries out pressurization test on the composite sheet-shaped test samples with four typical defects, and records PD initial characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the defects of different types;
s6: developing a PD-stress combined test experiment, keeping the temperature unchanged, and adjusting the thickness of the insulating support rod by adjusting a spiral knob to change the pressure of the transmission rod on the composite sheet sample so as to realize the adjustment of the stress; and respectively carrying out pressurization tests on the composite sheet samples with the four typical defects under different stresses, and recording the PD initial characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the defects of different types.
The terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
it should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Space charge and PD combined test experimental facility comprises power generation system, partial discharge measurement system, space charge measurement and stress adjustment system, stress measurement system, temperature control and measurement system, its characterized in that: the high-voltage amplifier of the power generation system is connected with the upper electrode of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system; the high-voltage direct-current power supply of the power supply generation system is connected with the synchronous control device of the partial discharge measurement system; the oscilloscope of the partial discharge measurement system is connected with the ultrasonic sensor, the antenna sensor, the amplifier and the output end of the measurement electrode of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system; the oscilloscope of the stress measurement system is connected with the piezoelectric sensor of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system; the stress measuring system, the temperature control and measuring system are respectively connected with the synchronous control device of the partial discharge measuring system.
2. The space charge and PD combined test assay device according to claim 1, wherein: the power generation system consists of a waveform generation module, a high-voltage direct-current power supply and a high-voltage amplifier, wherein harmonic signals generated by the waveform generation module and direct-current signals generated by the high-voltage direct-current power supply are input into the high-voltage amplifier together and then are connected to an upper electrode of the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system.
3. The space charge and PD combined test assay device according to claim 1, wherein: the partial discharge PD measuring system consists of a partial discharge measuring oscilloscope, a synchronous control device and a lower electrode grounding circuit, wherein the partial discharge measuring oscilloscope is connected with the synchronous control device, and the lower electrode grounding circuit is connected with a lower electrode of the space charge measuring and stress adjusting system.
4. The space charge and PD combined test assay device according to claim 1, wherein: the space charge measurement and stress adjustment system comprises two subsystems: the space charge measurement subsystem and the stress adjustment subsystem;
the space charge measurement subsystem consists of a nanosecond pulse source, a protective electrode, an upper electrode outer insulating shell, an upper electrode immersion oil cavity, an upper electrode inner insulating shell, an upper electrode, a PVDF piezoelectric sensor, an organic glass absorption layer, an ultrasonic sensor, an antenna sensor, an upper sheet sample, a lower sheet sample, a measurement electrode, a lower electrode outer insulating shell, a lower electrode inner insulating shell, a lower electrode immersion oil cavity, an amplifier and an insulating support; the whole experimental environment is surrounded by a protective electrode and an insulating bracket; the nanosecond pulse source is connected with the upper electrode, and the insulating support is arranged below the protective electrode; an insulating shell in the electrode above the upper electrode oil immersion cavity is used as the wall of the oil immersion cavity; the upper electrode outer insulating shell wraps the upper electrode inner insulating shell; the upper electrode is tightly attached to the flaky sample and is arranged in the upper electrode oil immersion cavity to provide positive voltage; the lower flaky sample is tightly attached to the upper flaky sample, and the defect is positioned in the interlayer of the two samples; the lower electrode outer insulating shell is embedded in the insulating support and wraps the lower electrode inner insulating shell, the lower electrode inner insulating shell below the lower electrode oil immersion cavity is used as an oil immersion cavity wall, and the lower electrode is tightly attached to the lower sheet-shaped test sample and is arranged in the lower electrode oil immersion cavity; the upper part of the PVDF piezoelectric sensor is tightly attached to the lower electrode, and the lower part of the PVDF piezoelectric sensor is tightly attached to the organic glass absorption layer; the antenna sensor and the ultrasonic sensor are placed beside the upper flaky sample and the lower flaky sample, and the output ends of the ultrasonic sensor and the antenna sensor are connected with the partial discharge measurement oscilloscope; the measuring electrode is annular, is arranged below the lower flaky sample and is embedded in the insulating shell in the lower electrode, the input end of the measuring electrode is connected with the lower electrode, and the output end of the measuring electrode is connected with the partial discharge measuring oscilloscope; the input end of the amplifier is connected with the organic glass absorption layer, and the output end of the amplifier is connected with an oscilloscope of the partial discharge measurement system;
the stress adjusting subsystem consists of an insulating support rod, a fine quasi-spiral, a coarse quasi-spiral, a transmission rod, a transmission base, a graduated scale and two piezoelectric sensors; the insulating support rod is in a handle shape and is arranged on the surface of the protective electrode to prevent an operator from electric shock; the thick quasi-spiral and the thin quasi-spiral are respectively arranged on the insulating support rod, the thick quasi-spiral is used for rough adjustment, and the thin quasi-spiral is used for fine adjustment; the transmission rod is connected with the coarse quasi-spiral, the fine quasi-spiral and the transmission base, and the transmission base is an insulator and is tightly attached to the flaky sample; the bottom of the insulating support rod, which is close to the transmission base, is provided with a slender hole, and length scales are marked on the hole from top to bottom, namely the scale is obtained; one end of the transmission base extends out of the protective electrode, and the tail end of the transmission base is thinned to extend into the graduated scale; the piezoelectric sensors are annular and are placed between the upper flaky sample and the lower flaky sample, and the two piezoelectric sensors are connected with the stress measurement oscilloscope.
5. The space charge and PD combined test assay device according to claim 1, wherein: the stress measurement system is a stress measurement oscilloscope, and the stress measurement oscilloscope is connected with the synchronous control device.
6. The space charge and PD combined test assay device according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature control and measurement system consists of four oil pipelines and two sets of high/low pressure constant temperature circulating bath devices, wherein the first set of high/low pressure constant temperature circulating bath device is connected with an electrode immersion oil cavity on the space charge measurement subsystem through two oil pipelines, and the second set of high/low pressure constant temperature circulating bath device is connected with a lower electrode immersion oil cavity on the space charge measurement subsystem through the other two oil pipelines.
7. An experimental method for testing an experimental device using the space charge and PD combination according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the following steps:
s1: carrying out a space charge-temperature combined test experiment, keeping the stress unchanged, respectively carrying out a pressurization test on the composite flaky samples with the four typical defects, controlling the temperature, and researching the space charge distribution characteristics of different types of defects of the composite flaky samples when the temperature changes; the temperature change can cause the deformation of the sample, at the moment, a stress regulating subsystem is needed to keep the stress on the sample unchanged, and PD data are synchronously recorded in the experimental process;
s2: carrying out a space charge-harmonic wave combined test experiment, wherein the experiment keeps temperature and stress unchanged, simulates different harmonic wave signals in the running process of a flexible and straight cable, respectively carries out pressurization test on the composite sheet-shaped samples with four typical defects, records the space charge distribution characteristics of the defects of different types, and synchronously records PD data in the experiment process;
s3: a space charge-stress combined test experiment is carried out, the temperature is kept unchanged, and the pressure of the transmission rod on the composite sheet sample can be changed by adjusting a knob for adjusting the thickness and the spiral of the insulating support rod, so that the stress is adjusted; respectively carrying out pressurization tests on the composite sheet samples with the four typical defects under different stresses, and recording the space charge distribution characteristics of the defects of different types; synchronously recording PD data in the experimental process;
s4: carrying out a PD-temperature combined test experiment, keeping the stress unchanged, respectively carrying out a pressurization test on the composite sheet-shaped samples with the four typical defects, controlling the temperature, and researching the PD initial characteristics and dynamic characteristics of different types of defects of the composite sheet-shaped samples when the temperature changes; the sample can deform due to temperature change, and the stress on the sample is kept unchanged by adjusting the stress adjusting subsystem;
s5: carrying out a PD-harmonic wave combined test experiment, wherein the experiment keeps temperature and stress unchanged, simulates different harmonic wave signals in the running process of the flexible and straight cable, respectively carries out pressurization test on the composite sheet-shaped test samples with four typical defects, and records PD initial characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the defects of different types;
s6: developing a PD-stress combined test experiment, keeping the temperature unchanged, and adjusting the thickness of the insulating support rod by adjusting a spiral knob to change the pressure of the transmission rod on the composite sheet sample so as to realize the adjustment of the stress; and respectively carrying out pressurization tests on the composite sheet samples with the four typical defects under different stresses, and recording the PD initial characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the defects of different types.
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