CN114136841A - Method for testing viscosity of modified asphalt - Google Patents
Method for testing viscosity of modified asphalt Download PDFInfo
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- CN114136841A CN114136841A CN202111338077.6A CN202111338077A CN114136841A CN 114136841 A CN114136841 A CN 114136841A CN 202111338077 A CN202111338077 A CN 202111338077A CN 114136841 A CN114136841 A CN 114136841A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N11/10—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material
- G01N11/14—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by using rotary bodies, e.g. vane
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing viscosity of modified asphalt, and belongs to the technical field of road engineering. The method for testing the viscosity of the modified asphalt comprises the following steps: s1, placing the warm-mixed modified asphalt on a lower plate of a dynamic rheological shear apparatus, wherein the temperature of the lower plate is 60-65 ℃; s2, moving the upper plate of the dynamic rheological shear apparatus downwards to extrude the warm-mixed modified asphalt to form a molding sample; s3, testing the plate rotational viscosity of the cylindrical sample by adopting a plate rotational viscosity method, and performing gradient temperature rise at 10-15 ℃ to obtain a relational expression between the viscosity and the temperature of the formed sample, thereby obtaining the viscosity of the warm-mixed modified asphalt at different temperatures. The method provided by the invention can avoid the influence of the shearing rate on the viscosity, and can accurately obtain the viscosity of the modified asphalt at different temperatures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of road engineering, in particular to a method for testing viscosity of modified asphalt.
Background
Asphalt pavement, which is a high-grade pavement widely used in road construction, is a pavement paved with an asphalt mixture obtained by blending a mineral material with a road asphalt material. The asphalt mixture improves the capability of the paving aggregate to resist the damage of driving and natural factors to the pavement, and ensures that the pavement is smooth, less in dust, impermeable and durable. The mixing temperature and the compaction temperature of the asphalt mixture directly influence the quality of the asphalt mixture and the pavement compactness in construction, and further influence the pavement performance of the road. We generally determine the mix temperature and compaction temperature of the asphalt mix by testing the viscosity of the asphalt at different temperatures.
The viscosity of asphalt is measured by adopting a Brookfield viscometer method in road engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture test regulations (JTG E20-2011), but the method for determining the construction temperature of the asphalt mixture is obtained based on data of unmodified common road petroleum asphalt, and for common matrix asphalt, the common matrix asphalt can be regarded as Newtonian fluid when the softening point of the common matrix asphalt is higher than 30 ℃ (asphalt of different grades is slightly different), and the viscosity value of the asphalt is only influenced by the temperature, which means that the viscosity test value of the common matrix asphalt is basically kept constant no matter the size of the test shear rate under the same temperature. Unlike the base asphalt, the modified asphalt shows strong non-Newtonian fluid characteristics in the whole temperature range from the softening point to 180 ℃, and the viscosity value is influenced by the temperature and the test shear rate. This also means that at the same temperature point, different viscosity values will be obtained using different test shear rates. In addition, SBS-modified bitumen belongs to the pseudoplastic fluid, i.e. at the same temperatureThe viscosity of the fluid being measured decreases with increasing test shear rate (commonly referred to as shear thinning behavior). Therefore, the viscosity of the SBS modified asphalt measured by the Brookfield rotational viscosity method is also referred to as apparent viscosity (when the shear rate is 0 s)-1The absolute viscosity of the fluid) that is not the true viscosity of the asphalt, but the viscosity that appears at a certain shear rate. And when the dynamic rheological shear apparatus is applied and a strain control mode is adopted, the precision of the torque sensor is very high, and the asphalt can be tested by adopting the same shear rate in a sufficiently wide temperature range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects, provides a method for testing the viscosity of modified asphalt, and solves the technical problem that the viscosity of the modified asphalt at different temperatures is difficult to accurately obtain in the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention provides a method for testing the viscosity of modified asphalt, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the warm-mixed modified asphalt on a lower plate of a dynamic rheological shear apparatus, wherein the temperature of the lower plate is 50-60 ℃;
s2, moving the upper plate of the dynamic rheological shear apparatus downwards to extrude the warm-mixed modified asphalt to form a forming sample;
s3, testing the plate rotational viscosity of the cylindrical sample by adopting a plate rotational viscosity method, and performing gradient temperature rise at 10-15 ℃ to obtain a relational expression between the viscosity and the temperature of the formed sample, thereby obtaining the viscosity of the warm-mixed modified asphalt at different temperatures.
Further, in step S3, the relationship between the viscosity and the temperature is:
where H is the height of the shaped sample, T is the resistive torque of the shaped sample to the upper parallel plate at the specified shear rate, IPFor shaping the polar moment of inertia, omega, of the upper plane of the specimenPEta is the rotational speed of the upper parallel plate, and eta is the viscosity of asphalt.
Further, in step S3, a gradient temperature rise of 10-15 ℃ is performed to raise the temperature from 50-60 ℃ to 140-150 ℃.
Further, in step S2, the molded sample is a cylindrical sample.
Further, in step S2, the height of the cylindrical sample is 1-2mm, and the diameter is 25-30 mm.
Further, in step S3, a fixed rotation rate is used in the method of plate rotational viscosity.
Further, in step S3, the rotation rate is 25S-1。
Further, before step S1, the method further includes: and heating the warm-mixed modified asphalt to a flowing state, pouring the warm-mixed modified asphalt into a mold, and cooling and demolding.
Further, the heating temperature is 170-180 ℃.
Further, the heating time is 20-30 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: placing the modified asphalt on a lower plate of a dynamic rheological shear apparatus, wherein the temperature of the lower plate is 50-60 ℃; the method comprises the steps of obtaining the viscosity of the modified asphalt at different temperatures by adopting the dynamic rheological shearing instrument and combining the plate rotational viscosity, ensuring that the torque sensor has high precision, ensuring that the asphalt is tested at the same shearing rate within a sufficiently wide temperature range, further avoiding the influence of the shearing rate on the viscosity, and accurately obtaining the viscosity of the modified asphalt at different temperatures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical model of the plate rotational viscosity method in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing viscosity temperature curves measured by the Brookfield rotational viscosity method.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing viscosity temperature curves measured by the plate rotational viscosity method in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The specific embodiment provides a method for testing the viscosity of modified asphalt, which comprises the following steps:
s0, heating the modified asphalt at 170-180 ℃ for 20-30min to a flowing state, pouring the modified asphalt into a mold, and cooling and demolding;
s1, placing the demoulded modified asphalt on a lower plate of a dynamic rheological shear apparatus, wherein the temperature of the lower plate is 60-65 ℃;
s2, moving the upper plate of the dynamic rheological shear apparatus downwards to extrude the modified asphalt to form a forming sample;
s3, testing the plate rotational viscosity of the cylindrical sample by adopting a plate rotational viscosity method, and performing temperature rise gradient at 10-15 ℃ to obtain a relational expression between the viscosity and the temperature of the formed sample so as to obtain the viscosity of the modified asphalt at different temperatures; preferably, the temperature is increased from 60-65 ℃ to 140-200 ℃ by gradient temperature increase of 10-15 ℃; the relationship between the viscosity and the temperature is as follows:
wherein H is the height of the formed sample, T is the resisting torque of the formed sample to the upper and lower parallel plates at a specified shear rate, IPFor shaping the polar moment of inertia, omega, of the upper plane of the specimenPThe rotating speed of the upper parallel plate is shown, and eta is the viscosity of asphalt; the molded sample is a cylindrical sample, and further the height of the cylindrical sample is 1-2mm, and the diameter of the cylindrical sample is 25-30 mm.
Further, the method of plate rotational viscosity adopts a fixed rotation speed of 25s-1。
In the following examples, a warm-mix agent LQ 1102 produced by Akzo Nobel is selected to modify asphalt in a warm-mix manner, and the process of adding the warm-mix agent to SBS I-D modified asphalt to prepare the warm-mix modified asphalt comprises the following steps:
putting SBS modified asphalt in a 170 ℃ oven for half an hour to make the asphalt in a flowing state, putting the asphalt into a metal container and putting the metal container in a constant temperature electric heating jacket, and keeping the temperature of 170 ℃ unchanged;
adding liquid, sucking enough warm mixing agent slightly exceeding the addition amount in an injector, starting a stirrer, adding the warm mixing agent into asphalt three times (calculating the warm mixing agent added into the asphalt by a difference method), stirring at the rotating speed of 2000r/min for 5min every time, wherein the time is not too long to avoid aging, and the time is not too short to avoid the warm mixing agent from presenting an inhomogeneous state in the asphalt;
and fully stirring for 5min after the three times of stirring is finished, and ensuring that the asphalt and the warm mixing agent are fully mixed.
The dynamic rheological shear apparatus comprises the following operation steps:
1) opening the air pressure valve;
2) taking down the protection lock;
3) equipment initialization;
4) mounting a rotor;
5) placing a sample;
6) the edges of the asphalt samples were trimmed with a hot spatula.
The theoretical model of the plate rotational viscosity test method is shown in figure 1, and the fixed angular velocity omega caused by the upper parallel platePThe linear velocity at the position of the radius r of the upper surface of the sample is v ═ ωPR, on a cylindrical surface infinitesimal of radius r, from the upper surface to the lower surface, the linear velocity v is also from ωPR is reduced to 0, the velocity gradient in the direction of the height of the cylinder
(i.e., shear rate) can be represented by formula (1). The height and radius of the sample are determined, so that the rotation speed omega of the upper parallel plate is controlledPControl of the test shear rate can be achieved.
Due to the torsion load applied to the sample, the torsion shear stress tau of each round section infinitesimal of the sample along the height direction can be expressed by a material mechanics formula, as shown in formula (2).
In the formula: i isPThe polar moment of inertia of the upper plane of the circular sample is obtained; t is the resistive torque of the asphalt specimen to the upper parallel plate at the specified shear rate.
According to Newton's law of internal friction, the torsion tau shear stress tau on each circular cross section infinitesimal can be expressed as viscosity eta and velocity gradient
Substitution of formula (1)
Formula (3) can be obtained:
and (3) deforming the formula (3), and respectively carrying out secondary integration along the radius direction and the height direction to obtain a calculation formula of the rotational viscosity of the flat plate:
formula (4) is a core formula for measuring asphalt viscosity by a flat plate rotational viscosity method, and H and I are used for cylindrical samples with the diameter of 25mm and the height of 1mmPAll the values are fixed values, and only the control program of DSR is needed to be programmed so that the upper parallel plate clamping the sample is in omegaPAnd (3) rotating at a constant speed while keeping the lower parallel plate still, and recording the resistance torque T and the temperature of the upper parallel plate during the test, so that the viscosity of the asphalt can be calculated by the formula (4).
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the following examples, the testing apparatus is a DHR-3 dynamic shear rheometer manufactured by TA and a 25mm stainless steel circular plate jig matched with the dynamic shear rheometer, and the torque sensor of the apparatus can realize dynamic torque measurement with the precision of 0.05 mN.m within the range of 0.5-5.0 mN.m, and can directly use the shear rate as the control quantity of loading.
Example 1
This example provides a method for testing viscosity of modified asphalt, comprising the following steps:
s0, heating the modified asphalt at 170 ℃ for 30min to a flowing state, pouring the modified asphalt into a mold, and cooling and demolding;
s1, placing the demoulded modified asphalt on a lower plate of a dynamic rheological shear apparatus, wherein the temperature of the lower plate is 60 ℃;
s2, moving the upper plate of the dynamic rheological shear apparatus downwards to extrude the modified asphalt to form a forming sample;
s3, closing the heat preservation box after finishing the finishing of the molded sample, setting test parameters and starting a program on a computer interface, testing the plate rotational viscosity of the cylindrical sample by adopting a plate rotational viscosity method, and performing a 10 ℃ temperature rise gradient to obtain a relation between the viscosity and the temperature, so as to obtain the viscosity of the modified asphalt at different temperatures; preferably, a 10 ℃ gradient temperature rise is carried out to raise the temperature from 60 ℃ to 140 ℃; the relationship between the viscosity and the temperature is as follows:
wherein H is the height of the formed sample, T is the resisting torque of the formed sample to the upper and lower parallel plates at a specified shear rate, IPIs the plane polar inertia moment, omega, on a circular samplePThe rotating speed of the upper parallel plate is shown, and eta is the viscosity of asphalt; the molding sample is a cylinder sample, and further, the height of the cylinder sample is 1mm, and the diameter is 25 mm.
Further, it is characterized byThe plate rotational viscosity method adopts a fixed rotation speed of 25s-1. When the viscosity-temperature curve obtained at the speed is used for designing the construction temperature of the asphalt material, the correlation degree of the obtained result and the optimal compaction degree and the minimum void ratio of the corresponding mixture is maximum.
Drawing a viscosity-temperature relationship chart according to the measured data
The domestic and foreign specifications generally provide two methods for drawing the asphalt viscosity-temperature curve, one method is to adopt an exponential function to carry out regression fitting, the other method is to adopt a straight line to carry out fitting, wherein the ordinate is adopted for taking double logarithm of viscosity, and the abscissa is adopted for taking logarithm after being converted into kinetic temperature, the second method is more commonly used, the specification of road engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture test regulation (JTG E20-2011) is already listed in China, and the fitting equation is as follows:
lglg(η×1000)＝n+mlg(T+273.13)
in the formula: eta is viscosity, Pa · s; t is temperature, DEG C; m is a slope; n is the intercept.
In the test protocol for road engineering asphalt and asphalt mixtures (JTG E20-2011), it is stated that the mixing temperature may be set to a temperature at which the viscosity is 0.17 pas. + -. 0.02 pas, and the compacting temperature may be set to a temperature at which the viscosity is 0.28 pas. + -. 0.03 pas. Modified asphalt prepared by adding 0.3%, 0.5% and 0.7% of warm-mix agent is shown in FIG. 2, which is a viscosity-temperature (i.e., viscosity and temperature) relationship graph obtained by fitting data obtained by the Brookfield rotary viscosity method using the above equation, and modified asphalt prepared by adding 0.3%, 0.5% and 0.7% of warm-mix agent is shown in FIG. 3, which is a viscosity-temperature relationship graph obtained by fitting data obtained by the rotary plate viscosity method according to example 1. The contrast shows that the viscosity of the modified asphalt measured by a plate rotational viscosity method based on a dynamic rheological shear apparatus is more practical.
Other beneficial effects are as follows:
the method applies the dynamic rheological shear apparatus and adopts a strain control mode, ensures that the viscosity of the modified asphalt is tested at the same shear rate in a sufficiently wide temperature range, overcomes the problem of higher measured viscosity caused by uncontrollable shear rate of a rotor in the traditional Brinell rotary viscosity method test, has certain engineering value, and can more accurately determine the mixing and compacting temperature of the modified asphalt mixture in construction.
When the Brookfield rotary viscometer is used for testing the viscosity of SBS modified asphalt at a lower temperature (lower than 90 ℃), a very obvious climbing rod effect (the characteristic possibly possessed by viscoelastic fluid in non-Newtonian fluid) can be generated, namely, asphalt can continuously climb due to the rotation of the rotor and is adhered to the connecting rod of the rotor, so that the test cannot be normally carried out, and the actual effective test temperature range of the Brookfield rotary viscosity method is 90-220 ℃. And the dynamic rheological shear apparatus is applied, the pole climbing effect does not need to be considered, and the effective testing temperature range is 60-200 ℃.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for testing the viscosity of modified asphalt is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, placing the warm-mixed modified asphalt on a lower plate of a dynamic rheological shear apparatus, wherein the temperature of the lower plate is 60-65 ℃;
s2, moving the upper plate of the dynamic rheological shear apparatus downwards to extrude the warm-mixed modified asphalt to form a molding sample;
s3, testing the plate rotational viscosity of the cylindrical sample by adopting a plate rotational viscosity method, and performing gradient temperature rise at 10-15 ℃ to obtain a relational expression between the viscosity and the temperature of the formed sample, thereby obtaining the viscosity of the warm-mixed modified asphalt at different temperatures.
2. The method for testing viscosity of modified asphalt according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the relationship between viscosity and temperature is:
wherein H is a shaped sampleHeight, T, is the resistance torque of the shaped sample to the upper and parallel plates at the specified shear rate, IPFor shaping the polar moment of inertia, omega, of the upper plane of the specimenPEta is the rotational speed of the upper parallel plate, and eta is the viscosity of asphalt.
3. The method for testing viscosity of modified asphalt according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, a gradient temperature increase of 10-15 ℃ is performed to increase the temperature from 60-65 ℃ to 140-200 ℃.
4. The method for testing viscosity of modified asphalt according to claim 1, wherein the molded sample is a cylindrical sample in step S2.
5. The method for testing viscosity of modified asphalt according to claim 4, wherein the height of the cylindrical sample is 1-2mm and the diameter is 25-30mm in step S2.
6. The method for testing viscosity of modified asphalt according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, a fixed rotation rate is used in the method for plate rotational viscosity.
7. The method for testing viscosity of modified asphalt according to claim 6, wherein the rotation rate is 25S in step S3-1。
8. The method for testing viscosity of modified asphalt according to claim 1, further comprising, before step S1: and heating the warm-mixed modified asphalt to a flowing state, pouring the warm-mixed modified asphalt into a mold, and cooling and demolding.
9. The method for testing viscosity of modified asphalt according to claim 8, wherein the heating temperature is 170-180 ℃.
10. The method for testing the viscosity of modified asphalt according to claim 9, wherein the heating time is 20-30 min.
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