CN114135615B - Gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device - Google Patents
Gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114135615B CN114135615B CN202111456034.8A CN202111456034A CN114135615B CN 114135615 B CN114135615 B CN 114135615B CN 202111456034 A CN202111456034 A CN 202111456034A CN 114135615 B CN114135615 B CN 114135615B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- shell
- liquid
- force transmission
- transmission rod
- cavity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/06—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using both gas and liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/06—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using both gas and liquid
- F16F9/062—Bi-tubular units
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/50—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
- F16F9/516—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics resulting in the damping effects during contraction being different from the damping effects during extension, i.e. responsive to the direction of movement
Abstract
The invention provides a gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device, which comprises: a cylinder; a shell: the whole cylinder body is arranged in the cylinder body, and the opening end of the shell and the opening end of the cylinder body are arranged at equal intervals in the same direction; force transmission lever: the first end is inserted into the shell through the open end of the shell and can move relative to the shell, and the second end is positioned outside the open end of the cylinder body; the force transmission rod forms a piston cavity, and a piston is arranged in the force transmission rod; a first liquid cavity is formed between the first end of the force transmission rod and the closed end of the shell; the piston divides the piston cavity into two cavities, including an air cavity far away from the shell and a second liquid cavity near the shell; the outer wall of the force transmission rod is in clearance with the inner wall of the cylinder body and is attached to the opening end of the cylinder body to form a third liquid cavity; the force transmission rod is provided with a first fluid channel which is communicated with the first liquid cavity and the second liquid cavity; a second fluid channel is arranged between the first end of the force transmission rod and the shell, and is communicated with the first liquid cavity and the third liquid cavity. The gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device achieves the purpose that one gas-liquid buffering component absorbs impact energy in the stretching direction and the compression direction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway vehicle buffering devices, and particularly relates to a gas-liquid buffering and energy absorbing device.
Background
The gas-liquid buffer is used for absorbing external impact and vibration energy, plays roles in relieving impact, vibration isolation and safety protection, belongs to a fluid type buffer, and generates damping force by means of oil flowing among a plurality of cavities under the action of external force, and converts external kinetic energy into heat energy to be dissipated. The gas-liquid buffer has the characteristic of high damping-speed correlation, the damping force of the gas-liquid buffer changes along with the change of the external acting speed or the energy input, and the gas-liquid buffer has the advantages of strong working condition adaptability, large capacity and high energy absorption rate compared with other types of buffers.
Conventional types of gas-liquid buffers can only be compressed, i.e. can only absorb impact energy in compressed conditions. Meanwhile, due to the restoration requirement, the restoration energy stored in the internal gas spring is released during the return after compression, and the partial energy is restored into the kinetic energy of an external object, so that the full dissipation of the external impact kinetic energy is not facilitated.
Chinese patent CN101639106B discloses a piston type liquid-air buffer, which realizes buffering and energy absorption through the cooperation of an air cavity and an oil cavity. The first liquid cavity and the second liquid cavity are both constructed through the piston rod and the oil cylinder, and the volume of the first liquid cavity is larger than that of the second liquid cavity. Limited by this structure, the liquid-gas buffer can only absorb energy under compression conditions. Specifically, when the piston rod is compressed, hydraulic oil enters the second liquid cavity and the third liquid cavity through the first liquid cavity, and synchronously compresses the air cavities; when the external force disappears, each oil cavity automatically restores to the original position. When the second liquid cavity is stretched, the second liquid cavity is compressed, and the second liquid cavity is designed to be only used as an expansion cavity of oil liquid to enhance the sealing function, so that the second liquid cavity cannot show the required buffering performance.
In addition, for the working condition needing stretching energy absorption, other buffer elements are required to be arranged independently and used in combination with the gas-liquid buffer. The system scheme of the combination of the plurality of buffer elements has complex and redundant structure, and because of the limitation of space size, the buffer elements for realizing the energy absorption in the stretching direction are mostly non-gas-liquid type buffer devices, and the energy absorption capacity in the stretching direction is greatly reduced compared with the energy absorption effect of high gas-liquid capacity and high working condition adaptability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve one of the technical problems and provide the gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device which can have energy absorption effect under the working conditions of stretching and compression.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a gas-liquid buffering and energy absorbing device, comprising:
a cylinder body: comprises a closed end and an open end;
a shell: the integral cylinder body is arranged in the cylinder body and comprises a closed end and an open end, wherein the open end of the shell and the open end of the cylinder body are arranged at intervals in the same direction, and in an initial state, the closed end of the shell is attached to the closed end of the cylinder body;
force transmission lever: the first end is inserted into the shell through the open end of the shell and can move relative to the shell, and the second end is positioned outside the open end of the cylinder body; the force transmission rod is of a hollow structure, a piston cavity is formed, and a piston is arranged in the piston cavity;
a first liquid cavity is formed between the first end of the force transmission rod and the closed end of the shell; the piston divides the piston cavity into two cavities, including an air cavity far away from the shell and a second liquid cavity near the shell; the outer wall of the force transmission rod is in clearance with the inner wall of the cylinder body and is attached to the opening end of the cylinder body to form a third liquid cavity;
the first end of the force transmission rod is provided with a first fluid channel which is communicated with the first liquid cavity and the second liquid cavity; a second fluid channel is arranged between the first end of the force transmission rod and the shell, and is communicated with the first liquid cavity and the third liquid cavity.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first end of the force transmission rod includes a fitting section that fits against the inner wall of the housing, the fitting section having an outer diameter greater than the aperture of the open end of the housing, the force transmission rod having an outer wall that radially contracts in a direction along the fitting section toward the open end of the housing, and a gap is provided between the force transmission rod and the inner wall of the housing;
the second fluid passage includes:
damping channel: the first end of the force transmission rod is communicated with the first liquid cavity;
a first sub-fluid path: the first end of the force transmission rod is communicated with the first liquid cavity;
gap channel: the damping device is formed by the outer wall of the force transmission rod and the inner wall of the shell and is communicated with the damping channel and the sub first fluid channel;
a second sub-fluidic passage: the gap channel is communicated with the shell;
a one-way valve is arranged in the first sub-fluid channel and is opened when the pressure of the first liquid cavity is higher than that of the second liquid cavity.
In some embodiments of the invention, the damping channel has an inner diameter that is smaller than an inner diameter of the first sub-fluid channel.
In some embodiments of the invention, a pressure increasing valve is disposed in the first fluid passage.
In some embodiments of the invention, a throttle lever is provided at the bottom of the housing, the throttle lever being positioned and sized to: the throttle lever may be inserted into the first fluid passage during movement of the force transfer lever relative to the housing.
In some embodiments of the invention, the seal further comprises a seal structure comprising one or any combination of the following seal rings:
the first sealing ring is arranged along the outer wall of the shell and is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body;
the second sealing ring is arranged along the outer wall of the first end of the force transmission rod and is attached to the inner wall of the shell;
the third sealing ring is arranged along the outer wall of the piston and is attached to the inner wall of the piston cavity;
and the fourth sealing ring is arranged along the inner wall of the opening end of the cylinder body and is attached to the outer wall of the force transmission rod.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cylinder further comprises an end nut mounted at the open end of the cylinder, the end nut being in contact with the outer wall of the force transmission rod, and the third fluid chamber being located between the end nut and the open end of the housing.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first liquid chamber, the second liquid chamber, and the third liquid chamber are all filled with oil.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second end of the force transmission rod comprises an air hole communicating the air cavity with the outside, and a detachable sealing piece is arranged at the air hole.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the closed end of the cylinder is provided with a hinge for mounting the buffering and energy absorbing device to the vehicle body.
The gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a novel gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device, which realizes the purpose of absorbing impact energy in two directions of stretching and compressing by a gas-liquid buffering component. By adding the shell and unique oil way and structural design, the effect that the stretching energy absorption and the compression energy absorption share one air spring is achieved. This results in a more compact design. The novel gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device has the advantages of compact structure and light weight under the condition of realizing the same energy-absorbing function. Compared with the traditional gas-liquid buffer with only compression energy absorption function, the function is more comprehensive, and the working condition adaptability is stronger.
2. The gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device is additionally provided with a return damping structure, and the functional characteristic of return damping of the product is endowed in the rebound process after the buffer is pressed. The gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device provided by the invention integrates stretching, compression and return energy-absorbing characteristics, and the product energy-absorbing function is more abundant and comprehensive.
3. The novel gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device gives full play to the characteristics of soft performance, large capacity and high energy absorptivity of the gas-liquid type buffer, and realizes the energy absorption of gas-liquid mechanism in the stretching direction and the compression direction through original structural design. Compared with the buffer energy absorbing device combined by a plurality of buffer elements, the device has the characteristics of large capacity in the stretching direction and strong energy absorbing capacity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an initial state structure of a gas-liquid buffer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a compressed state structure of a gas-liquid buffer according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a gas-liquid buffer in a stretched state according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a gas-liquid buffer in a stretched state according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of a fluid channel structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a gas-liquid buffer according to the present invention;
1-a cylinder body and a 101-hinge ring;
2-a housing;
3-force transmission rod, 301-air hole;
4-a piston;
501-a first liquid cavity, 502-a second liquid cavity, 503-a third liquid cavity, 504-an air cavity;
601-first fluid channel, 6021-damping channel, 6022-first sub-fluid channel, 6023-gap channel, 6024-second sub-fluid channel;
7-a one-way valve;
8-a booster valve;
9-a closure;
10-throttle lever;
1001-a first sealing ring, 1002-a second sealing ring, 1003-a third sealing ring, 1004-a fourth sealing ring;
11-end nut;
12-snap ring joint.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on," "connected to," another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and not for purposes of implying relative importance.
The invention provides a gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device which can be used for vehicles, in particular rail vehicles, and is used for absorbing impact on the vehicles due to tensile force or impact force in the moving process of the vehicles. In the use state, the vehicle is arranged between two vehicle bodies.
The initial state structure of the gas-liquid buffering energy absorbing device is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a cylinder body 1, a shell 2, a force transmission rod 3 and the like.
Cylinder 1: comprising a closed end and an open end forming a cylinder chamber. In the use state, the cylinder body 1 can be adaptively installed to the first vehicle body, in order to solve the installation problem between the cylinder body 1 and the vehicle body, the hinge ring 101 can be arranged at the closed end of the cylinder body 1 in a mode shown in fig. 1, and the outside of the closed end of the cylinder body 1 can be related to be in the form of a snap ring joint 12 in a mode shown in fig. 6.
The shell 2: the integral cylinder body 1 comprises a closed end and an open end, wherein the open end of the shell and the open end of the cylinder body are arranged at equal intervals in the same direction, and in an initial state, the closed end of the shell is attached to the closed end of the cylinder body; the shell 2 is in non-fixed connection with the cylinder body 1, and the shell and the cylinder body can move relatively. The whole length of the shell 2 is shorter than that of the cylinder body 1, the shell 2 is arranged in the cavity of the cylinder body, the open end of the shell is spaced from the open end of the cylinder body, and the space between the open end of the shell and the open end of the cylinder body is a movement space in the stretching process of the shell 2.
Force transmission lever 3: the first end is inserted into the shell 2 through the open end of the shell and can move relative to the shell 2, and the second end is positioned outside the open end of the cylinder body; the force transmission rod 3 is of a hollow structure, a piston cavity is formed, and a piston 4 is arranged in the piston cavity. In use, the force transmission lever 3 may be connected to the second vehicle body, or via a transition member such as a coupler. To solve the problem of the installation of the force transmission rod 3, the second end of the force transmission rod 3 may be designed as a screw head in the manner shown in fig. 1, or the second end of the force transmission rod 3 may be designed as a snap ring joint 12 in the manner shown in fig. 6.
A first liquid chamber 501 is formed between the first end of the force transmission rod 3 and the closed end of the shell; the piston 4 divides the piston cavity into two cavities, including an air cavity 504 remote from the housing, and a second liquid cavity 502 near the housing; the outer wall of the force transmission rod is in clearance with the inner wall of the cylinder body and is attached to the opening end of the cylinder body, so that a third liquid cavity 503 is formed.
The first end of the force transmission rod 3 is provided with a first fluid channel 601 which is communicated with the first liquid cavity 501 and the second liquid cavity 502; a second fluid channel 602 is arranged between the first end of the force transmission rod 3 and the housing, and is communicated with the first liquid cavity 501 and the third liquid cavity 503. The first liquid chamber 501, the second liquid chamber 502 and the third liquid chamber 503 are all filled with oil.
The second end of the force transmission rod 3 comprises an air hole 301 which is communicated with the air cavity and the outside, a detachable sealing piece 9 is arranged at the air hole 301, and the detachable sealing piece 9 can charge and discharge air to the air cavity 504.
In the use state, the tensile force or the compressive force is transmitted to the gas-liquid buffer through the connecting end of the force transmission rod 3 or the cylinder body 1 and the vehicle body. Taking the example of the force transmission rod 3 end transmitting the acting force, when receiving the compression force, the force transmission rod 3 moves towards the inside of the shell 2 to compress the first liquid cavity 501, and part of hydraulic oil flows into the second liquid cavity 502 and the third liquid cavity 503 through the first liquid cavity 501 respectively; meanwhile, when the hydraulic oil in the third fluid chamber 503 increases, the piston 4 is driven to move to compress the fluid chamber 504, buffering the compression force. When the cylinder is under tensile force, a vacuum cavity is formed between the closed end of the shell and the closed end of the cylinder body, and the cylinder has the function of buffering the tensile force. The specific principles are described in further detail below.
In order to construct the structure of the fluid channel and realize the linkage between the housing 2 and the force transmission rod 3, in some embodiments of the present invention, the first end of the force transmission rod 3 includes a fitting section 301 that is fitted to the inner wall of the housing 2, and along the direction of the fitting section 301 toward the opening end of the housing 2, the outer wall of the force transmission rod 3 radially contracts to form a gap with the inner wall of the housing 2, and specifically, the force transmission rod 3 has a variable diameter structure and is integrally in a stepped shaft structure. The main body portion has a uniform rod diameter, but one end of the force transmission rod 3 inserted into the housing 2 has a larger rod diameter than the main body portion, and the force transmission rod 3 cannot be pulled out from the interior of the housing 2 during the stretching process. When the larger diameter end (first end) of the force transmission rod 3 moves to the open end of the housing 1, the force transmission rod 3 can be clamped by the open end of the housing 1, the force transmission rod 3 is interlocked with the housing 2, and the housing 2 is pulled to further compress the third liquid chamber 503.
The second fluid passage includes:
damping channel 6021: the first end of the force transmission rod 3, namely the section with larger rod diameter, is communicated with the first liquid cavity 501;
first sub-fluid path 6022: is arranged at the first end of the force transmission rod 3 and is communicated with the first liquid cavity 501;
gap channel 6023: the damping device is composed of an outer wall of a force transmission rod 3 and an inner wall of a shell 2, and is communicated with a damping channel 6021 and a sub first fluid channel 6022;
second sub-fluid path 6024: is arranged at the open end of the shell 2 and is communicated with the clearance through 6023 channel.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first sub-fluid path 6022 is provided with a check valve 7, and the check valve 7 is opened when the gas-liquid buffer device is compressed by the pressure of the first liquid chamber 501 and the pressure of the second liquid chamber 502. The first sub-fluid passage 6022 opens when the force transmission rod 3 is subjected to a compressive force, allowing hydraulic oil to enter the second hydraulic chamber pressure 502 through the first hydraulic chamber 501.
The damping channel 6021 is always communicated when the gas-liquid buffer device is compressed and stretched, namely, in two states, hydraulic oil can flow between the first liquid cavity 501 and the second liquid cavity pressure 502 through the damping channel 6021. In some embodiments of the invention, the inner diameter of the damping channel 6021 is smaller, at least smaller than the inner diameter of the first sub-fluid channel 6022, in order to achieve a better damping effect.
In some embodiments of the invention, a pressure increasing valve 8 is disposed within the first fluid passage 601. The pressure increasing valve 8 physically serves to isolate the first fluid chamber 501 from the third fluid chamber 503, and thus to buffer the output impedance. The pressure increasing valve 8 is an optional component, and in some embodiments of the invention, the pressure increasing valve 8 structure may be omitted.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom of the housing 2 is provided with a throttle lever 10, and the position and size of the throttle lever 10 are configured to: the throttle lever 10 may be inserted into the first fluid passage 601 during movement of the force transmission lever 3 relative to the housing. The throttle lever 10 can improve the damping effect during the flow of hydraulic oil.
In order to improve the isolation effect between the cavities, in some embodiments of the present invention, the sealing structure further comprises one or any combination of the following sealing rings:
the first sealing ring 1001 is arranged along the outer wall of the shell 2, and the first sealing ring 1001 is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body 1;
the second sealing ring 1002 is arranged along the outer wall of the first end of the force transmission rod 3, and the second sealing ring 1002 is attached to the inner wall of the shell 2;
the third sealing ring 1003 is arranged along the outer wall of the piston, and the third sealing ring 1003 is attached to the inner wall of the piston cavity;
and a fourth sealing ring 1004 is arranged along the inner wall of the opening end of the cylinder body 1, and the fourth sealing ring 1004 is attached to the outer wall of the force transmission rod 3.
As shown in the attached drawings, in the embodiment of the invention, the combination of the four sealing structures is adopted to ensure the stable isolation among the cavities, and the gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device can normally work in a pulling and pressing state.
Still further, in some embodiments of the present invention, to facilitate the mating installation of the cylinder 1 and the housing 2, the present invention further includes an end nut 11 installed at the open end of the cylinder 1, the end nut 12 being attached to the outer wall of the force transmission rod 3, and the third liquid chamber 503 being located between the end nut 11 and the open end of the housing 2. A fourth sealing ring 1004 at the open end of the cylinder 1 may be provided on the end nut 12 to cooperate with the force transmission rod 3.
The invention provides a gas-liquid buffer which works as follows.
(one) compression energy absorbing process
When the buffering energy-absorbing device is compressed under the action of external force, the force transmission rod 3 is retracted into the shell 2, oil in the compressed first liquid cavity 501 passes through an annular gap formed by the throttle rod 10 and the cylindrical hole surface of the thick shaft end of the force transmission rod 3, and then flows into the second liquid cavity 502 through the booster valve 8. In this process, the check valve 7 is opened, and a part of the oil in the first fluid chamber 501 flows into the third fluid chamber 503 through the check valve 7. As the compression progresses, the third fluid chamber 503 is increasingly filled with hydraulic oil to store the hydraulic oil for the subsequent return energy absorption. The oil liquid entering the second liquid cavity 502 pushes the oil-gas isolation piston 4 to compress the air cavity, and the restored kinetic energy is stored for the whole buffering energy-absorbing device.
(II) backhaul energy absorption after compression
After the compression of the force transmission rod 3 is finished, under the action of the pressure of the air cavity 504, the oil-gas separation piston 4 moves rightwards to push the oil in the second liquid cavity 502 to flow back to the first liquid cavity 501, so that the piston 4 is pushed to move leftwards to recover. In this process, the check valve 7 is closed, and the oil in the third fluid chamber 503 flows back to the first fluid chamber 501 through the damping passage 6021 shown in fig. 1. The damping channel 6021 has the function of preventing the piston 4 from rebounding quickly, and when the piston is restored to a certain speed, the damping effect brought by the damping channel 6021 can slow down the restoring piston and absorb the rebound energy in the return process.
(III) tensile energy absorption
Under the stretching working condition, the force transmission rod 3 moves towards the left direction of the drawing, firstly, the force transmission rod 3 moves to the position where the end part of the force transmission rod 3 is matched with the opening end of the shell 1, the force transmission rod 3 drives the shell 2 to integrally move leftwards, most of oil in the second liquid cavity 502 flows to the oil first liquid cavity 501 through the damping channel 6021, and at the moment, the one-way valve 7 is closed. The oil liquid backflow and damping mechanism under the stretching working condition is consistent with the return energy absorption working condition, at the moment, the volume of the first liquid cavity 501 is kept unchanged, oil liquid from the second liquid cavity 502 passes through the first liquid cavity 501 and then passes through the booster valve 8 to flow into the third liquid cavity 503, so that the oil gas isolation piston 4 is pushed to move leftwards, and the volume of the compression air cavity 504 provides energy for recovery after stretching of the buffering energy absorption device. Under the stretching working condition, the shell 2 is separated from the cylinder body 1, a vacuum cavity 505 is formed between the closed ends of the shell and the cylinder body, stretching resistance is increased, and stretching energy absorption is ensured. The vacuum cavity 505 makes the left end surface of the cylinder body 2 bear oil pressure to form a resistance force, so that a system formed by the piston 3 and the cylinder body 2 is prevented from moving leftwards, namely tensile resistance force is output outwards, and the vacuum cavity 505 is a key design of the gas-liquid buffering device with the tensile energy absorbing function.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A gas-liquid buffering and energy absorbing device, comprising:
a cylinder body: comprises a closed end and an open end;
a shell: the integral cylinder body is arranged in the cylinder body and comprises a closed end and an open end, wherein the open end of the shell and the open end of the cylinder body are arranged at intervals in the same direction, and in an initial state, the closed end of the shell is attached to the closed end of the cylinder body;
force transmission lever: the first end is inserted into the shell through the open end of the shell and can move relative to the shell, and the second end is positioned outside the open end of the cylinder body; the force transmission rod is of a hollow structure, a piston cavity is formed, and a piston is arranged in the piston cavity;
a first liquid cavity is formed between the first end of the force transmission rod and the closed end of the shell; the piston divides the piston cavity into two cavities, including an air cavity far away from the shell and a second liquid cavity near the shell; the outer wall of the force transmission rod is in clearance with the inner wall of the cylinder body and is attached to the opening end of the cylinder body to form a third liquid cavity;
the first end of the force transmission rod is provided with a first fluid channel which is communicated with the first liquid cavity and the second liquid cavity; a second fluid channel is arranged between the first end of the force transmission rod and the shell, and is communicated with the first liquid cavity and the third liquid cavity.
2. The gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device of claim 1, wherein the first end of the force transmission rod comprises a fitting section which is fitted with the inner wall of the shell, and the outer diameter of the fitting section is larger than the caliber of the opening end of the shell; the outer wall of the force transmission rod radially contracts along the direction from the attaching section to the opening end of the shell, and a gap is formed between the force transmission rod and the inner wall of the shell;
the second fluid passage includes:
damping channel: the first end of the force transmission rod is communicated with the first liquid cavity;
a first sub-fluid path: the first end of the force transmission rod is communicated with the first liquid cavity;
gap channel: the damping device is formed by the outer wall of the force transmission rod and the inner wall of the shell and is communicated with the damping channel and the sub first fluid channel;
a second sub-fluidic passage: the device is arranged at the opening end of the shell and communicated with the clearance channel.
3. The gas-liquid buffering and energy absorbing device of claim 2, wherein a one-way valve is disposed in the first sub-fluid channel, the one-way valve being opened when the first liquid chamber pressure is greater than the second liquid chamber pressure.
4. The gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device of claim 2, wherein the damping channel has an inner diameter that is smaller than an inner diameter of the first sub-fluid channel.
5. The gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device of claim 1, wherein a booster valve is disposed within the first fluid channel.
6. The gas-liquid buffering energy absorber of claim 1 or 5, wherein the bottom of the housing is provided with a throttle lever, the throttle lever being positioned and sized to: the throttle lever may be inserted into the first fluid passage during movement of the force transfer lever relative to the housing.
7. The gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device of claim 1, further comprising a sealing structure comprising one or any combination of the following sealing rings:
the first sealing ring is arranged along the outer wall of the shell and is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder body;
the second sealing ring is arranged along the outer wall of the first end of the force transmission rod and is attached to the inner wall of the shell;
the third sealing ring is arranged along the outer wall of the piston and is attached to the inner wall of the piston cavity;
and the fourth sealing ring is arranged along the inner wall of the opening end of the cylinder body and is attached to the outer wall of the force transmission rod.
8. The gas-liquid buffering energy absorber of claim 1 or 7, further comprising an end nut mounted at the open end of the cylinder, the end nut being in engagement with the outer wall of the force transmission rod, the third liquid chamber being located between the end nut and the open end of the housing.
9. The gas-liquid buffering and energy absorbing device of claim 1, wherein the second end of the force transmission rod comprises an air hole which communicates the air cavity with the outside, and a detachable sealing piece is arranged at the air hole.
10. The gas-liquid cushioning and energy absorbing device of claim 1, wherein the closed end of the cylinder is provided with a hinge for mounting the cushioning and energy absorbing device to a vehicle body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111456034.8A CN114135615B (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111456034.8A CN114135615B (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114135615A CN114135615A (en) | 2022-03-04 |
| CN114135615B true CN114135615B (en) | 2023-11-21 |
Family
ID=80386846
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111456034.8A Active CN114135615B (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114135615B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2980441A2 (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-02-03 | Voith Patent GmbH | Device for dampening compressive forces |
| CN108779826A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2018-11-09 | 德尔纳阻尼器公司 | Recoil for train attachment device inhibits hydraulic damper |
| CN110884520A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-17 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Gas-liquid buffer |
| CN110901682A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-24 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Gas-liquid buffer |
| CN211107440U (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-07-28 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Gas-liquid buffer |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2804188B1 (en) * | 2000-01-26 | 2002-05-03 | Dld Internat | HIGH DISSIPATIVE SHOCK ABSORBER |
| US6648310B2 (en) * | 2000-05-30 | 2003-11-18 | Sachs Race Engineering Gmbh | Shock absorber |
-
2021
- 2021-12-01 CN CN202111456034.8A patent/CN114135615B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2980441A2 (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2016-02-03 | Voith Patent GmbH | Device for dampening compressive forces |
| CN108779826A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2018-11-09 | 德尔纳阻尼器公司 | Recoil for train attachment device inhibits hydraulic damper |
| CN110884520A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-17 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Gas-liquid buffer |
| CN110901682A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-24 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Gas-liquid buffer |
| CN211107440U (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-07-28 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Gas-liquid buffer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114135615A (en) | 2022-03-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6311962B1 (en) | Shock absorber with external air cylinder spring | |
| US6135434A (en) | Shock absorber with positive and negative gas spring chambers | |
| CN102030014B (en) | Device for damping tractive and compressive forces | |
| US6499570B2 (en) | Shock-absorbing device | |
| US10195918B2 (en) | Hydraulic damper | |
| CA2271602C (en) | Railcar cushioning device with internal elastomeric spring | |
| CN110884520A (en) | Gas-liquid buffer | |
| CN114135615B (en) | Gas-liquid buffering energy-absorbing device | |
| US4002244A (en) | Buffer, particularly suitable for use in railway vehicles | |
| CN110273960A (en) | Pressure buffer equipment | |
| CN110901682A (en) | Gas-liquid buffer | |
| CN113968257B (en) | Vehicle end buffering energy-absorbing device | |
| CN210599666U (en) | Shock-absorbing hydraulic oil cylinder | |
| CN217874234U (en) | Ash lock pressurizing stop valve | |
| CN111572587A (en) | Buffering energy-absorbing device | |
| CN110953280B (en) | Liquid-gas buffer | |
| CN211107440U (en) | Gas-liquid buffer | |
| CN114076170B (en) | Drum-type shock absorber for automobile suspension | |
| CN212267500U (en) | Buffering energy-absorbing device | |
| CN211107439U (en) | Gas-liquid buffer | |
| CN211574129U (en) | Internal pressure self-adjusting viscous damper | |
| CN110410444B (en) | Active impact receiving buffer device and impact equipment | |
| CN114233790A (en) | Shock absorber | |
| CA2201220A1 (en) | Rail car buffer and method | |
| CN210565963U (en) | Temperature compensation damping pneumatic actuator |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: 266111 South Side of Xinye Road and West Side of Herong Road, Qingdao Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone, Shandong Province Applicant after: CRRC Brake System Co.,Ltd. Address before: 266111 Qingdao High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Qingdao, Shandong Province, on the south side of Xinye Road and on the west side of Herong Road Applicant before: QINGDAO SRI TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |