CN114134368B - High-temperature alloy for laser cutting nozzle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature alloy for laser cutting nozzle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114134368B CN114134368B CN202111366676.9A CN202111366676A CN114134368B CN 114134368 B CN114134368 B CN 114134368B CN 202111366676 A CN202111366676 A CN 202111366676A CN 114134368 B CN114134368 B CN 114134368B
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- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
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- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
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- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
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Abstract
The invention provides a Ni-Cr-based superalloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the superalloy is of an austenitic structure and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.08 to 0.16 percent of C, 23.5 to 26.5 percent of Cr, 1.50 to 2.50 percent of Co, 0.20 to 1.00 percent of W, 8.00 to 10.00 percent of Mo, 11.50 to 14.50 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of B and the balance of Ni. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) After smelting and refining the alloy raw material, casting the alloy obtained by smelting and refining into an electrode; 2) After electroslag remelting treatment is carried out on the electrode, casting into an alloy ingot; 3) Homogenizing the alloy ingot at 1100-1200 deg.c; 4) Carrying out heat treatment on the homogenized alloy ingot to obtain a bar; 5) And carrying out solution treatment and water cooling on the alloy bar to obtain the austenitic Ni-Cr-based superalloy containing a small amount of TiN and M6C carbide. The high-temperature alloy has good durability and oxidation resistance below 900 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature alloy, in particular to a high-temperature alloy for a laser cutting nozzle and a preparation method thereof.
Background
As an advanced material which can adapt to severe service environment, the high-temperature alloy is widely applied to the key technical fields of aviation power, energy power, precision manufacturing and the like. The deformed superalloy is an important alloy material essential in the manufacturing process of laser cutting equipment due to the advantages of light weight, heat corrosion resistance, high-temperature strength and the like.
Laser cutting is a high-efficiency precision machining means for realizing rapid cutting of workpieces by high-power energy of a laser. When the workpiece is cut by laser, the cut workpiece is melted or gasified under the action of the laser, and meanwhile, the air flow blown out by the laser cutting head and the workpiece generate a thermal effect reaction, and meanwhile, the effects of cooling the cutting working face and reducing a heat affected zone are achieved. The laser cutting has no cutter abrasion, the energy input controllability is strong, the processing flexibility is high, and the kerf width is only 0.1mm. Compared with other material cutting methods, the laser cutting has the advantages of thin cutting seam, smooth cutting surface, high cutting efficiency and the like. In addition, the range of the laser cutting processable materials is wide, and both the ductile material and the brittle material can be cut by laser. The laser cutting method has the unique advantages that the laser cutting method is widely applied to cutting processing of special materials such as vehicle body plates, aerospace vehicle parts, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and the like.
The existing Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy (GH 3536) comprises the following alloy components in percentage by weight: 0.05 to 0.15 percent of C, 20.5 to 23 percent of Cr, 0.50 to 2.50 percent of Co, 0.20 to 1.00 percent of W, 8.00 to 10.00 percent of Mo, 17.00 to 20.00 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of B and the balance of Ni. The alloy has excellent oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, moderate lasting and creep strength below 900 ℃, good cold and hot forming performance and welding performance, and is a suitable high-temperature alloy material for manufacturing laser cutting nozzles.
However, with the development of laser cutting technology, the energy input of the laser cutting device is increased, the air supply pressure is increased, and along with the increasing severity of the service environment of the laser cutting nozzle material, how to further improve the high temperature performance, oxidation resistance and toughness of the laser cutting nozzle material becomes an important target for breaking the restriction of the manufacturing material of the laser cutting device.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a superalloy and a method for producing the same, and is mainly aimed at providing or producing a ni—cr-based superalloy for manufacturing a laser cutting nozzle, which has good high-temperature durability and oxidation resistance. Further, the service life of the high-temperature alloy at 900 ℃ is improved by more than 30 percent compared with that of GH3536 alloy.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention mainly provides the following technical solutions:
in one aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a Ni-Cr-based superalloy, wherein the superalloy comprises, in weight percent: 0.08 to 0.16 percent of C, 23.5 to 26.5 percent of Cr, 0.20 to 1.00 percent of W, 8.00 to 10.00 percent of Mo, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of B and the balance of Ni.
The content of C in the high-temperature alloy is controlled to be 0.12%, the content of Co is controlled to be 2.0%, and the content of Fe is controlled to be 12.5%.
Preferably, the high-temperature alloy is in a water-cooled stateThe lower structure is an austenite matrix and contains M 6 C-type carbide and small amounts of Ti (CN) and TiN, which can improve the toughness and strength of the material.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a superalloy as described in any of the above, including the steps of:
1) After smelting and refining the alloy raw material, casting the alloy obtained by smelting and refining into an electrode;
2) After electroslag remelting treatment is carried out on the electrode, casting into an alloy ingot;
3) Homogenizing the alloy ingot;
4) Carrying out heat treatment on the homogenized alloy ingot to obtain a heat-treated workpiece; preferably, the hot working method is hot rolling or hot extrusion.
5) And performing heat treatment on the heat-processed workpiece to obtain the austenitic Ni-Cr-based superalloy.
Preferably, in the step 1): the smelting treatment temperature is 1450-1600 ℃; the refining treatment temperature is 1500-1800 ℃ and the refining time is 5-8 min; vacuum degree in melting treatment and refining treatment was 0.5X10 -2 Pa～0.6×10 -2 Pa。
Preferably, in said step 2): the heating temperature of the electroslag remelting treatment cast ingot is 0.85-0.9 Tm, and the heat preservation time is 5-10 h.
Preferably, in said step 3): the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 1100-1200 ℃, and the duration of the homogenization treatment is more than 20h; preferably, the temperature of the homogenization treatment comprises a plurality of temperature segments; wherein the homogenization temperature of the previous temperature section is lower than that of the next temperature section; preferably, the temperature of the first temperature section is not lower than 1100 ℃, and the temperature of the final temperature section is not higher than 1200 ℃; preferably, the homogenization treatment duration does not exceed 100 hours.
Preferably, in said step 4): the temperature of the heat treatment is 900-1100 ℃.
Preferably, in said step 5): the heat treatment method is that the heat treatment temperature is 1165-1185 ℃, the air cooling or the water cooling is fast carried out, and the heat preservation time is more than 20min; preferably, the heat treatment temperature is no higher than 1175 ℃; preferably, the heat treatment is carried out for a period of time not exceeding 60 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the high-temperature alloy and the preparation method thereof have at least the following beneficial effects:
on the one hand, the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy provided by the invention is prepared by designing the components of 0.08-0.16% of C, 23.5-26.5% of Cr, 1.50-2.50% of Co, 0.20-1.00% of W, 8.00-10.00% of Mo, 11.50-14.50% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.50% of Al, less than or equal to 0.15% of Ti, less than or equal to 0.01% of B and the balance of Ni; wherein, compared with the traditional GH3536 alloy, ni in the high-temperature alloy composition is improved: 2.5 to 3.0 percent, cr is improved: 3%, iron reduction: 6%, co improvement: 0.8%. The proportion of Fe element in the alloy is reduced, the content of Ni which is a matrix element is improved, and the strength of the alloy can be effectively improved; the Co element can reduce the stacking fault energy of the high-temperature alloy and improve the structural stability and creep property of the alloy; the improvement of Cr element content in the alloy can effectively improve oxidation resistance, hot corrosion resistance and fatigue crack growth performance of the high-temperature alloy. The high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance of the alloy can be effectively improved through the change of the alloy components.
On the other hand, the preparation method of the high-temperature alloy controls the content of C in the high-temperature alloy to be 0.12 percent based on the alloy components designed in the above way, and simultaneously carries out solution heat treatment on the alloy below 1175 ℃, thereby effectively avoiding the formation of carbide films at the alloy grain boundaries and further improving the high-temperature durability of the alloy.
In conclusion, the Ni-Cr-based superalloy provided by the invention has good high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance below 900 ℃. The invention improves the tensile strength of the alloy at 815 ℃ by improving the content of Ni, co and Cr; the oxidation resistance of the alloy at 900 ℃ is improved by increasing the Cr content, and the lasting service life of the alloy is improved by 30-40% by improving the components of the alloy, and the deformation and heat treatment preparation means which are simple in steps, easy to operate and lower in components. Provides a suitable Ni-Cr-based superalloy material for preparing laser cutting nozzle components.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention, as it is embodied in the following description, with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to examples and figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a microstructure of a Ni-Cr based superalloy prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a microstructure of the Ni-Cr based superalloy prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a microstructure of the Ni-Cr based superalloy prepared in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a microstructure of the Ni-Cr based superalloy prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a microstructure of the Ni-Cr based superalloy prepared in comparative example 2 of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted for achieving the preset aim of the invention, the following detailed description refers to the specific embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the application of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, reference to "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.
The invention provides a Ni-Cr-based superalloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the superalloy is of an austenitic structure, and meanwhile, due to the high Cr and Co element contents and the control of the C content and the solution treatment temperature in the superalloy, the superalloy has excellent high-temperature durability and oxidation resistance below 900 ℃, and is mainly suitable for manufacturing laser cutting nozzle components serving in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment.
On the one hand, the components of the Ni-Cr-based superalloy for the laser cutting nozzle of the invention are designed as follows: the high-temperature alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.08 to 0.16 percent of C, 23.5 to 26.5 percent of Cr, 1.50 to 2.50 percent of Co, 0.20 to 1.00 percent of W, 8.00 to 10.00 percent of Mo, 11.50 to 14.50 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of B and the balance of Ni.
The design of the alloy formula mainly improves the Ni, cr and Co contents in the alloy to improve the high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance of the alloy, and further prolongs the lasting life of the alloy under the high-temperature and high-pressure service condition.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the high-temperature alloy, which mainly adopts vacuum induction melting and electroslag remelting melting, firstly casts into a master alloy with chemical components meeting the requirements, prepares bars or plates through processing methods such as hot processing (hot extrusion or rolling) and the like, and then carries out solution treatment on the hot processing alloy to obtain the high-temperature alloy.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
and 1) smelting and refining the alloy raw material, and casting the alloy obtained by the smelting and refining into an electrode.
Step 2) casting the electrode rod into an alloy ingot after electroslag remelting treatment.
Step 3) carrying out homogenization treatment on the alloy ingot in sections at different temperatures within the range of 1100-1200 ℃ for more than 20 hours.
Preferably, the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 1100-1200 ℃, and the duration of the homogenization treatment is more than 20 hours; preferably, the temperature of the homogenization treatment comprises a plurality of temperature segments; wherein the homogenization temperature of the previous temperature section is lower than that of the next temperature section; preferably, the temperature of the first temperature section is not lower than 1100 ℃, and the temperature of the final temperature section is not higher than 1200 ℃; preferably, the homogenization treatment duration does not exceed 100 hours.
And 4) carrying out hot extrusion on the homogenized master alloy ingot at 900-1100 ℃ to prepare the alloy bar.
And 5) carrying out heat treatment on the bar, preserving heat for more than 20 minutes in the temperature range of 1165-1185 ℃, and obtaining the austenitic Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy after water cooling.
Preferably, the heat treatment temperature is no higher than 1175 ℃; preferably, the heat treatment is carried out for a period of time not exceeding 60 minutes.
The invention is illustrated in further detail by the following examples:
the following examples and comparative examples produce a Ni-Cr-based superalloy. The microstructure of the prepared Ni-Cr-based superalloy was observed using an Axiovert200MAT optical microscope. The strength of the ni—cr based wrought superalloy was tested using an INSTRON 5582 uniaxial tensile tester. And testing the durability life of the Ni-Cr-based deformation superalloy by adopting an F-25 type durable creep testing machine. And testing the solid solution temperature and the melting point temperature of the precipitated phase of the Ni-Cr-based superalloy by adopting a Q1000 differential scanning calorimeter. And adopting a resistance furnace to perform a constant-temperature oxidation test to test the oxidation rate of the Ni-Cr-based superalloy.
Example 1
Embodiment 1 designs a Ni-Cr-based superalloy, wherein the superalloy comprises the following chemical components in weight percent: 0.12% of C, 24% of Cr, 1.8% of Co, 0.8% of W, 8.5% of Mo, 12% of Fe, 0.01% of B and the balance of Ni.
The preparation method of the high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps:
1) Vacuum induction melting: adding alloy raw materials into high-frequency vacuum induction furnace, smelting at 1500deg.C and vacuum degree of 0.5X10 -2 Pa, refining for 5min at 1550 ℃ after the raw materials are completely melted, then introducing inert gas and casting the alloy liquid into ingots.
2) Electroslag remelting: after the vacuum smelting cast ingot is cooled, the cast ingot with the riser cut off and polished is placed into electroslag remelting equipment to serve as an electrode, and after three remelting operations of arc striking and starting, cosolvent full melting and capping feeding, the electroslag remelting refined alloy cast ingot is obtained.
3) Homogenizing: the alloy ingot was subjected to a first stage homogenization treatment at 1130 ℃ for 10 hours and then to a second stage homogenization treatment at 1170 ℃ for 20 hours using a resistance furnace.
4) Hot extrusion: carrying out hot extrusion treatment on the homogenized alloy cast ingot in a temperature range of 1080-1100 ℃ with an extrusion ratio of 10:1-15:1, and obtaining an extruded alloy bar.
5) Solution treatment: and (3) placing the alloy bar into a heat treatment furnace, carrying out solution treatment for 0.5h at 1170 ℃, and then carrying out water cooling to room temperature to obtain the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy.
A microstructure of the Ni-Cr based superalloy prepared in example 1 is shown in FIG. 1. The yield strength of the Ni-Cr-based superalloy at 815 ℃ is 270MPa, and the tensile strength is 380MPa; the durable service life of the Ni-Cr-based superalloy is 81h under the condition of 815 ℃/105 MPa; the oxidation rate of the Ni-Cr-based superalloy at 900 ℃ for 100h is 0.083 g/(m) 2 ·h)。
Example 2
Example 2 a Ni-Cr based superalloy was designed, wherein the superalloy had the chemical composition, in weight percent: 0.12% of C, 26% of Cr, 2.2% of Co, 0.8% of W, 8.5% of Mo, 11% of Fe, 0.01% of B and the balance of Ni.
The preparation method of the high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps:
1) Vacuum induction melting: adding alloy raw materials into high-frequency vacuum induction furnace, smelting at 1500deg.C and vacuum degree of 0.5X10 -2 Pa, refining for 5min at 1550 ℃ after the raw materials are completely melted, then introducing inert gas and casting the alloy liquid into ingots.
2) Electroslag remelting: after the vacuum smelting cast ingot is cooled, the cast ingot with the riser cut off and polished is placed into electroslag remelting equipment to serve as an electrode, and after three remelting operations of arc striking and starting, cosolvent full melting and capping feeding, the electroslag remelting refined alloy cast ingot is obtained.
3) Homogenizing: the alloy ingot was subjected to a first stage homogenization treatment at 1130 ℃ for 10 hours and then to a second stage homogenization treatment at 1170 ℃ for 20 hours using a resistance furnace.
4) Hot extrusion: carrying out hot extrusion treatment on the homogenized alloy cast ingot in a temperature range of 1080-1100 ℃ to obtain an extruded alloy bar with an extrusion ratio of 9-15.
5) Solution treatment: and (3) placing the alloy bar into a heat treatment furnace, carrying out solution treatment for 0.5h at 1170 ℃, and then carrying out water cooling to room temperature to obtain the Ni-Cr-based superalloy.
The microstructure of the Ni-Cr based superalloy prepared in example 2 is shown in FIG. 2. The yield strength of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy at 815 ℃ is 291MPa, and the tensile strength is 407MPa; the durable service life of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy is 85h under the condition of 815 ℃/105 MPa; the oxidation rate of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy at 900 ℃ for 100 hours is 0.067 g/(m2.h).
Example 3
Embodiment 3 designs a Ni-Cr-based superalloy, wherein the superalloy comprises the following chemical components in weight percent: 0.12% of C, 24% of Cr, 1.5% of Co, 0.8% of W, 8.5% of Mo, 14% of Fe, 0.01% of B and the balance of Ni.
The preparation method of the high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps:
1) Vacuum induction melting: adding alloy raw materials into high-frequency vacuum induction furnace, smelting at 1500deg.C and vacuum degree of 0.5X10 -2 Pa, refining for 5min at 1550 ℃ after the raw materials are completely melted, then introducing inert gas and casting the alloy liquid into ingots.
2) Electroslag remelting: after the vacuum smelting cast ingot is cooled, the cast ingot with the riser cut off and polished is placed into electroslag remelting equipment to serve as an electrode, and after three remelting operations of arc striking and starting, cosolvent full melting and capping feeding, the electroslag remelting refined alloy cast ingot is obtained.
3) Homogenizing: the alloy ingot was subjected to a first stage homogenization treatment at 1130 ℃ for 10 hours and then to a second stage homogenization treatment at 1170 ℃ for 20 hours using a resistance furnace.
4) Hot extrusion: carrying out hot extrusion treatment on the homogenized alloy cast ingot in a temperature range of 1080-1100 ℃ with an extrusion ratio of 10:1-15:1, and obtaining an extruded alloy bar.
5) Solution treatment: and (3) placing the alloy bar into a heat treatment furnace, carrying out solution treatment for 0.5h at 1170 ℃, and then carrying out water cooling to room temperature to obtain the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy.
A microstructure of the Ni-Fe-Cr based superalloy prepared in example 3 is shown in FIG. 3. The yield strength of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy at 815 ℃ is 272MPa, and the tensile strength is 352MPa; the durable service life of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy is 77h under the condition of 815 ℃/105 MPa; the oxidation rate of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy at 900 ℃ for 100 hours is 0.085 g/(m2.h).
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 a Ni-Fe-Cr based superalloy was designed, wherein the superalloy had the chemical composition, in weight percent: 0.12% of C, 21% of Cr, 0.8% of Co, 0.8% of W, 8.5% of Mo, 18% of Fe, 0.01% of B and the balance of Ni.
The preparation method of the high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps:
1) Vacuum induction melting: adding alloy raw materials into high-frequency vacuum induction furnace, smelting at 1500deg.C and vacuum degree of 0.5X10 -2 Pa, refining for 5min at 1550 ℃ after the raw materials are completely melted, then introducing inert gas and casting the alloy liquid into ingots.
2) Electroslag remelting: after the vacuum smelting cast ingot is cooled, the cast ingot with the riser cut off and polished is placed into electroslag remelting equipment to serve as an electrode, and after three remelting operations of arc striking and starting, cosolvent full melting and capping feeding, the electroslag remelting refined alloy cast ingot is obtained.
3) Homogenizing: the alloy ingot was subjected to a first stage homogenization treatment at 1130 ℃ for 10 hours and then to a second stage homogenization treatment at 1170 ℃ for 20 hours using a resistance furnace.
4) Hot extrusion: carrying out hot extrusion treatment on the homogenized alloy cast ingot in a temperature range of 1080-1100 ℃ to obtain an extruded alloy bar with an extrusion ratio of 9-15.
5) Solution treatment: and (3) placing the alloy bar into a heat treatment furnace, carrying out solution treatment for 0.5h at 1170 ℃, and then carrying out water cooling to room temperature to obtain the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy.
The microstructure of the Ni-Fe-Cr based superalloy prepared in comparative example 1 is shown in FIG. 4. The yield strength of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy at 815 ℃ is 216MPa, and the tensile strength is 262MPa; the durable service life of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy is 64h under the condition of 815 ℃/105 MPa; the oxidation rate of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy at 900 ℃ for 100 hours is 0.119 g/(m2.h).
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 a Ni-Fe-Cr based superalloy was designed, wherein the superalloy had the chemical composition, in weight percent: 0.15% of C, 21% of Cr, 0.7% of Co, 0.8% of W, 8.5% of Mo, 19% of Fe, 0.01% of B and the balance of Ni.
The preparation method of the high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps:
1) Vacuum induction melting: adding alloy raw materials into high-frequency vacuum induction furnace, smelting at 1500deg.C and vacuum degree of 0.5X10 -2 Pa, refining for 5min at 1550 ℃ after the raw materials are completely melted, then introducing inert gas and casting the alloy liquid into ingots.
2) Electroslag remelting: after the vacuum smelting cast ingot is cooled, the cast ingot with the riser cut off and polished is placed into electroslag remelting equipment to serve as an electrode, and after three remelting operations of arc striking and starting, cosolvent full melting and capping feeding, the electroslag remelting refined alloy cast ingot is obtained.
3) Homogenizing: the alloy ingot was subjected to a first stage homogenization treatment at 1130 ℃ for 10 hours and then to a second stage homogenization treatment at 1170 ℃ for 20 hours using a resistance furnace.
4) Hot extrusion: carrying out hot extrusion treatment on the homogenized alloy cast ingot in a temperature range of 1080-1100 ℃ to obtain an extruded alloy bar with an extrusion ratio of 9-15.
5) Solution treatment: and (3) placing the alloy bar into a heat treatment furnace, carrying out solution treatment for 0.5h at 1185 ℃, and then carrying out water cooling to room temperature to obtain the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy.
The microstructure of the Ni-Fe-Cr based superalloy prepared in comparative example 2 is shown in FIG. 5. The yield strength of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy at 815 ℃ is 213MPa, and the tensile strength is 259MPa; the durable service life of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy is 58h under the condition of 815 ℃/105 MPa; the oxidation rate of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy at 900 ℃ for 100 hours is 0.121 g/(m2.h).
The properties of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloys prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the tensile strength and the durability of the Ni-Cr-based superalloy prepared in the examples of the present invention at 815 ℃ are significantly improved as compared with those of the comparative alloy. With the increase of the content of Co element in the alloy, the durability of the alloy is obviously improved, and compared with the alloy of the comparative example with lower Co content, the durability of the alloy prepared by the embodiment is improved by more than 30 percent. Meanwhile, the carbide film at the grain boundary of the alloy adversely affects the durability of the alloy due to the higher C content and higher solution treatment temperature of the alloy of comparative example 2. Along with the increase of Cr element content in the alloy, the oxidation rate of the alloy is obviously reduced under the environmental condition of 900 ℃, which indicates that the alloy of the embodiment has better high-temperature oxidation resistance.
In conclusion, the Ni-Cr-based superalloy provided by the invention has good high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance below 900 ℃. The Ni-Cr-based superalloy provided by the invention improves the yield strength and the lasting life of the alloy at 815 ℃ by 30% -40% by improving the contents of Ni, co and Cr. Meanwhile, the increase of Cr content obviously reduces the oxidation rate of the Ni-Fe-Cr-based superalloy provided by the invention at 900 ℃, improves the oxidation resistance of the alloy, and successfully widens the application range of the Ni-Cr-based superalloy for the severe service conditions of the laser cutting nozzle component in application.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, but any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. The Ni-Cr-based superalloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 0.08 to 0.16 percent of C, 23.5 to 26.5 percent of Cr, 0.20 to 1.00 percent of W, 8.00 to 10.00 percent of Mo, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.01 percent of B and the balance of Ni, and the superalloy is prepared by the following method:
1) Smelting and refining the alloy raw materials, and casting the alloy raw materials into an electrode;
2) After electroslag remelting treatment is carried out on the electrode, casting into an alloy ingot;
3) Homogenizing the alloy ingot at 1100-1200 ℃;
4) Carrying out heat treatment on the homogenized alloy ingot to obtain a heat-treated workpiece;
5) Carrying out heat treatment on the heat-processed workpiece to obtain Ni-Cr-based superalloy; in the step 1):
the smelting temperature is 1450-1600 ℃; refining temperature is 1500-1800 ℃ and refining time is 5-8 min; vacuum degree in melting treatment and refining treatment was 0.5X10 -2 Pa～0.6×10 -2 Pa。
2. The Ni-Cr-based superalloy of claim 1, wherein the superalloy has a C content of 0.12%, a Co content of 2.0%, and a Fe content of 12.5%.
3. The Ni-Cr-based superalloy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the superalloy has an austenitic structure in a water cooled state when heated to 1150 ℃ and contains M 6 C-type carbide and small amounts of Ti (CN), tiN.
4. A method for producing the Ni-Cr-based superalloy as in any of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of:
1) Smelting and refining the alloy raw materials, and casting the alloy raw materials into an electrode;
2) After electroslag remelting treatment is carried out on the electrode, casting into an alloy ingot;
3) Homogenizing the alloy ingot at 1100-1200 ℃;
4) Carrying out heat treatment on the homogenized alloy ingot to obtain a heat-treated workpiece;
5) Carrying out heat treatment on the heat-processed workpiece to obtain Ni-Cr-based superalloy; in the step 1):
the smelting temperature is 1450-1600 ℃; refining temperature is 1500-1800 ℃ and refining time is 5-8 min; vacuum degree in melting treatment and refining treatment was 0.5X10 -2 Pa～0.6×10 -2 Pa。
5. The method for producing a Ni-Cr-based superalloy according to claim 4, wherein the hot working method is hot rolling or hot extrusion.
6. The method for producing a Ni-Cr-based superalloy according to claim 4, wherein in step 2):
and heating the cast ingot to 0.85-0.9 Tm by the electroslag remelting treatment, and preserving heat for 5-10 h.
7. The method of producing a Ni-Cr-based superalloy as in claim 4, wherein in step 3):
the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 1100-1200 ℃, and the duration of the homogenization treatment is more than 20h.
8. The method for producing a Ni-Cr-based superalloy according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of the homogenization treatment comprises a plurality of temperature sections; wherein the homogenization temperature of the previous temperature section is lower than that of the next temperature section.
9. The method for producing a Ni-Cr-based superalloy according to claim 8, wherein the first temperature section is at a temperature of not less than 1100 ℃ and the final temperature section is at a temperature of not more than 1200 ℃; the homogenization treatment duration is not more than 100 hours.
10. The method of producing a Ni-Cr-based superalloy according to claim 4, wherein in step 4):
the thermal processing temperature is 900-1150 ℃.
11. The method of producing a Ni-Cr-based superalloy as in claim 4, wherein in step 5):
the heat treatment method is that the heat treatment temperature is 1165-1185 ℃, the air cooling or the water cooling is fast carried out, and the heat preservation time is more than 20 minutes.
12. The method for producing a Ni-Cr-based superalloy according to claim 11, wherein the heat treatment temperature is no higher than 1175 ℃;
the heat treatment heat preservation time is not longer than 60min.
13. A Ni-Cr-based superalloy for a laser cutting nozzle obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 4 to 12.
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