CN114131797A - Forming method and forming die for spray pipe with heat insulation layer - Google Patents
Forming method and forming die for spray pipe with heat insulation layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN114131797A CN114131797A CN202111305488.5A CN202111305488A CN114131797A CN 114131797 A CN114131797 A CN 114131797A CN 202111305488 A CN202111305488 A CN 202111305488A CN 114131797 A CN114131797 A CN 114131797A
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- rubber
- thermal insulation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/70—Maintenance
- B29C33/72—Cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/70—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by moulding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a forming method and a forming die for a spray pipe with a heat insulating layer, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 1) pretreatment of a spray pipe, 2) pretreatment of a rubber heat-insulating material, 3) manufacturing and cleaning of a forming die, 4) pasting and filling of the rubber heat-insulating material, and 5) curing and forming in a furnace. The equipment mainly comprises an upper template, an insert and a lower template. The invention integrally vulcanizes the rubber heat insulation material and the nozzle body through the rubber heat insulation material patch, and the size and the appearance of the prepared nozzle with the heat insulation layer both meet the use requirements. The invention can be molded and vulcanized integrally after the rubber heat-insulating material is attached with the sheet in an expandable way. The forming method provides forming pressure by means of connection and pressurization of the upper template and the lower template of the forming die through fastening bolts, the forming mode of pressurization of a traditional spray pipe press is eliminated, and the forming die is simple in design structure and convenient to use and demold.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rubber heat insulation layer forming, in particular to a forming method and a forming die for a spray pipe with a heat insulation layer.
Background
The jet pipe is an important component of a solid rocket engine, and has the task of converting the heat energy of combustion products into the kinetic energy of high-speed jet flow so as to generate thrust to work, so that the jet pipe bears the thermal action exerted by complex high-temperature gas flow during the work, and the jet pipe has a high-temperature-resistant thermal protection layer which is the most basic requirement of the jet pipe.
The most used thermal protective material for solid rocket engine nozzles is phenolic resin-based ablative composite material. The ablation and heat insulation material for the domestic engine nozzle is formed by selecting phenolic resin base materials such as carbon cloth/phenolic aldehyde, carbon fiber/phenolic aldehyde, high silica cloth/phenolic aldehyde, glass cloth/phenolic aldehyde and the like through a cloth tape winding process, a layering process and the like. The spray pipe made of the thermal protection material by adopting the traditional process has the defects of long-time mechanical degradation resistance and heat insulation performance, the forming process is complex, and the qualified rate of formed products is difficult to ensure.
Based on the situation, the invention provides a forming method and a forming die for a spray pipe with a heat insulation layer, which can effectively solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the prior art, the invention discloses a nozzle forming method which is used for forming a non-phenolic resin-based ablative composite material, is simple in forming method and has high yield.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a method of forming a nozzle having a thermal insulation layer, the nozzle having a non-adhesive region and an adhesive region integrally formed below the non-adhesive region, and the thermal insulation layer adhered to a surface of the adhesive region, the method comprising the steps of:
1) pretreatment of a spray pipe:
1a) protecting the surface of the non-bonding area of the spray pipe;
1b) carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the spray pipe bonding area;
2) pretreatment of rubber insulation material
2a) Placing the rubber heat-insulating material in an open mill, and passing through a roller and a thin tube;
2b) taking out the film after the film is wrapped by the roller;
2c) the film is accurately cut into pieces according to the shape of the spray pipe bonding area;
3) manufacturing and cleaning forming die
3a) Prefabricating a forming die with a forming surface matched with the spray pipe bonding area according to the shape of the spray pipe bonding area;
3b) before the forming die is used, the forming surface of the forming die needs to be thoroughly cleaned;
4) rubber heat-insulating material paster and die
4a) Uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of the cleaned spray pipe adhesive area and drying the adhesive;
4b) adhering the rubber sheet to the corresponding position after the rubber is brushed;
4c) placing the spray pipe for sticking the film into a forming die;
5) and (5) putting the mixture into a furnace for curing and forming.
Preferably, in the step 1a), a clamp is used to cover and protect the surface of the non-bonding area of the nozzle.
Preferably, in the step 1b), the surface of the nozzle bonding area needs to be uniformly fluffed by sand blasting, and floating sand on the surface needs to be removed after the sand blasting.
Preferably, in the step 2a), the rubber heat-insulating material needs to pass through the roller and thin for 3 to 4 times on the open mill, so as to ensure the uniformity of the raw materials.
Preferably, in the step 2b), the film thickness of the film is about 3mm thicker than the thickness of the heat insulating layer after molding.
Preferably, in the step 3b), the molding surface of the molding die is thoroughly cleaned by using volatile absolute ethyl alcohol or ethyl acetate.
Preferably, in the step 4a), the adhesive applied is an adhesive for bonding metal and rubber.
Preferably, in the step 4c), the mold filling sequence is that firstly, a spray pipe for adhering the film is placed into a lower template; placing the upper template and the inserts on the lower template in sequence, and connecting and screwing the inserts and the upper template by using connecting bolts; and thirdly, connecting and screwing the upper template and the lower template by using fastening bolts.
Preferably, in the step 5), the furnace charging and curing sequence is (i) furnace charging: placing the spray pipe shell adhered with the film into a forming mold, and then placing the spray pipe shell and the forming mold into an oven for preheating; pressurizing: after the preheating and heat preservation are finished, the equipment is powered off, the forming die is taken out of the oven and is screwed down and pressurized by fastening bolts to ensure the forming pressure; ③ vulcanizing: putting the forming die into an oven, adjusting the temperature of equipment to the rubber vulcanization temperature, and carrying out heat preservation and solidification; fourthly, demolding: after solidification, naturally cooling the mixture to a certain temperature along with the furnace, and discharging the mixture out of the furnace; and fifthly, after the material is taken out of the furnace, loosening the fastening bolt, opening the mold by using a mold stripping bolt, and taking out the spray pipe after the spray pipe is separated from the forming mold in the mold opening process.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a forming die with the heat-insulating layer spray pipe, which is designed for realizing the method, the forming die comprises an upper die plate, an insert and a lower die plate which are of a hollow annular structure, the edge of the inner radial side of the insert downwards compresses the upper die plate and is fixedly connected with the upper die plate through a plurality of connecting bolts, the edge of the outer radial side of the insert downwards compresses the lower die plate and is fixedly connected with the lower die plate through a plurality of fastening bolts, and a forming surface for the surface of a spray pipe bonding area to compress a film is formed by connecting the upper die plate, the insert and the lower die plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the surface of the bonding area of the spray pipe is subjected to sand blasting treatment before molding, so that the bonding strength between the metal of the spray pipe shell and the rubber heat-insulating material is greatly improved. The traditional spray pipe multipurpose short fiber phenolic reinforced resin base is subjected to thermal protection layer preparation through press molding by a press, the forming method is complex, the molding quality is difficult to ensure, the rubber heat-insulating material patch is integrally molded and vulcanized for forming in an extensible manner, and the size and the appearance of the prepared spray pipe with the heat-insulating layer meet the use requirements. Meanwhile, the forming method provides forming pressure by means of connecting, fastening and pressurizing the upper and lower templates of the forming die, the forming mode that the traditional spray pipe is pressurized by a press machine is eliminated, and the forming die is simple in design structure and convenient to use and demold.
Description of the figures
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the thermally insulated nozzle of the present invention (right half omitted);
fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view (right half is omitted) of the forming die of the present invention assembled on a nozzle with a heat insulating layer.
Reference numerals: the heat insulation layer-containing spray pipe comprises a spray pipe body with a heat insulation layer, a spray pipe non-bonding area 11, a spray pipe bonding area 12, a heat insulation layer 121, a forming die 2, an upper die plate 21, a lower die plate 22, an insert 23, a connecting bolt 24, a fastening bolt 25 and an exhaust groove 26.
Detailed Description
In order to explain the invention more conveniently, the invention is further explained below with reference to the following examples, but without being limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for forming a nozzle with an insulating layer, wherein the nozzle 1 with an insulating layer comprises a nozzle non-adhesive region 11, a nozzle adhesive region 12 integrally formed below the nozzle non-adhesive region 11, and an insulating layer 121 adhered to the surface of the nozzle adhesive region 12, and the method comprises the following steps:
1. jet pipe pretreatment
And protecting the surface of the non-bonding area of the spray pipe by using a clamp. Performing sand blasting treatment on the bonding surface of the spray pipe body, performing sand blasting twice, and requiring fluffing; after sand blasting, floating sand on the surface needs to be removed.
2. The rubber heat-insulating material (preferably ethylene propylene diene monomer) is passed through the roller, discharged and cut into pieces
2a, equipment cleaning: and (3) dipping the cotton cloth in absolute ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate to clean the rubber mixing machine roller and the material receiving disc, so as to ensure that the roller and the material receiving disc are clean and have no excess.
2b, thin passing and plastication: adjusting the roll spacing of the rubber refining machine to be 2-3 mm, controlling the roll temperature to be not higher than 45 ℃, and thinly passing and plasticating the rubber material on an open mill for 3-4 times.
2c, sheet discharging: adjusting the roller spacing, and discharging the film after the film is wrapped by the roller, wherein the thickness of the discharged film is about 3mm thicker than the theoretical value of the product so as to ensure the thickness of the heat insulation layer of the cured product; and after the film is discharged, the apparent quality and the thickness of the film are checked to ensure the quality of the film.
2d, cutting: and (4) precisely cutting the film according to the shape of the spray pipe bonding area.
3. Manufacturing and cleaning forming die
3a, manufacturing a forming die: as shown in fig. 2, a simple forming mold 2 is designed for the heat insulating layer structure of the nozzle, the forming mold 2 comprises an upper mold plate 21, a lower mold plate 22, an insert 23, a connecting bolt 24 and a fastening bolt 25, the demolding is simple, practical and convenient, and an exhaust groove 26 is formed in the contact part of the insert 23 and the upper mold plate 21 and the contact part of the insert 23 and the lower mold plate 22 respectively.
3b, cleaning a forming die: before the forming die is used, the forming surface of the forming die is cleaned by absorbent cotton dipped in absolute ethyl alcohol and dried.
4. Paster, die-filling
4a, patch: the surface of the spray pipe bonding area is uniformly coated with an adhesive, and the adhesive is matched with a rubber heat-insulating material and is used for bonding metal such as J215 and AE series and rubber. The adhesive is coated twice (once transverse brushing and once longitudinal brushing), the glue solution is coated once, the glue solution is coated for the second time after air drying, the air drying is carried out, and then the corresponding heat insulation layer film is adhered to the coating surface of the adhesive.
4b, die filling: and placing the spray pipe after the chip mounting into a lower template, then sequentially placing the upper template and the inserts into the lower template, connecting and screwing the inserts and the upper template by using connecting bolts, and finally connecting and screwing the upper template and the lower template by using fastening bolts.
5. Put into a furnace for solidification and forming
5a, charging: and putting the spray pipe and the forming die with the pasted film into an oven.
5b, preheating: and starting a heating system, setting the temperature of the oven to be 85 +/-5 ℃, and preserving heat for 1 hour for preheating after the temperature of the tool reaches a preset temperature.
5c, pressurization: and after the heat preservation is finished, the equipment is powered off, the forming die is taken out of the oven, and the fastening bolt is screwed up to be pressurized.
5d, vulcanization: and (3) putting the forming die into an oven, adjusting the temperature of the oven to 160 +/-5 ℃, and preserving the temperature for 2 hours for curing.
5e, discharging: after the solidification is finished, the spray pipe shell is naturally cooled to below 50 ℃ along with the furnace, and then the spray pipe shell is discharged from the furnace.
5f, demolding: and after the product is taken out of the furnace, loosening the fastening bolt, opening the die by using the stripping bolt, carefully separating the adhesion part of the product from the forming die by observing in the die opening process, and then taking out the product. And (4) removing the flash after the product is discharged from the forming die, and using the product after the product is qualified through inspection. The product percent of pass of the spray pipe with the heat insulation layer prepared by the forming method can reach more than 99 percent.
The invention discloses a method for forming a spray pipe with a heat insulation layer, which integrally vulcanizes and forms a rubber heat insulation material and a spray pipe body through a rubber heat insulation material patch, and the size and the appearance of the prepared spray pipe with the heat insulation layer meet the use requirements. The metal bonding surface of the spray pipe body is subjected to sand blasting treatment before forming, so that the bonding strength of the metal spray pipe body and the rubber heat-insulating material is improved. The traditional spray pipe preparation mostly uses short fiber phenolic reinforced resin base materials to prepare the thermal protection layer through compression molding by a press, the molding method is complex, the compression molding quality is difficult to ensure, and the invention can be molded and vulcanized integrally after the rubber heat-insulating material is adhered in an expandable manner. The forming method provides forming pressure by means of connection and pressurization of the upper template and the lower template of the forming die through fastening bolts, the forming mode of pressurization of a traditional spray pipe press is eliminated, and the forming die is simple in design structure and convenient to use and demold.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of forming a nozzle having a thermal insulation layer, the nozzle having a non-bonded region and a bonded region integrally formed below the non-bonded region and a thermal insulation layer adhered to the surface of the bonded region, the method comprising the steps of:
1) pretreatment of a spray pipe:
1a) protecting the surface of the non-bonding area of the spray pipe;
1b) carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the spray pipe bonding area;
2) pretreatment of rubber insulation material
2a) Placing the rubber heat-insulating material in an open mill, and passing through a roller and a thin tube;
2b) taking out the film after the film is wrapped by the roller;
2c) the film is accurately cut into pieces according to the shape of the spray pipe bonding area;
3) manufacturing and cleaning forming die
3a) Prefabricating a forming die with a forming surface matched with the spray pipe bonding area according to the shape of the spray pipe bonding area;
3b) before the forming die is used, the forming surface of the forming die needs to be thoroughly cleaned;
4) rubber heat-insulating material paster and die
4a) Uniformly coating an adhesive on the surface of the cleaned spray pipe adhesive area and drying the adhesive;
4b) adhering the rubber sheet to the corresponding position after the rubber is brushed;
4c) placing the spray pipe for sticking the film into a forming die;
5) and (5) putting the mixture into a furnace for curing and forming.
2. The method of forming a pipe with a thermal insulation barrier of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1a), a clamp is required to cover and protect the surface of the non-bonding area of the spray pipe.
3. The method of forming a pipe with a thermal insulation barrier of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1b), the surface of the spray pipe bonding area needs to be uniformly fluffed by sand blasting, and floating sand on the surface needs to be removed after sand blasting.
4. The method of forming a pipe with a thermal insulation barrier of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2a), the rubber heat-insulating material needs to pass through a roller and a thin roller for 3-4 times on an open mill, so that the raw material is ensured to be uniform.
5. The method of forming a pipe with a thermal insulation barrier of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2b), the film outlet thickness of the film is about 3mm thicker than the thickness of the formed heat insulating layer.
6. The method of forming a pipe with a thermal insulation barrier of claim 1, wherein: in the step 3b), the molding surface of the molding die is thoroughly cleaned by volatile absolute ethyl alcohol or ethyl acetate.
7. The method of forming a pipe with a thermal insulation barrier of claim 1, wherein: in the step 4a), the adhesive coated on the surface is an adhesive for bonding metal and rubber.
8. The method of forming a pipe with a thermal insulation barrier of claim 1, wherein: in the step 4c), the mold filling sequence is that firstly, the spray pipe adhered with the film is placed into the lower template; placing the upper template and the inserts on the lower template in sequence, and connecting and screwing the inserts and the upper template by using connecting bolts; and thirdly, connecting and screwing the upper template and the lower template by using fastening bolts.
9. The method of forming a pipe with a thermal insulation barrier of claim 1, wherein: in the step 5), the furnace charging solidification sequence is that: placing the spray pipe shell adhered with the film into a forming mold, and then placing the spray pipe shell and the forming mold into an oven for preheating; pressurizing: after the preheating and heat preservation are finished, the equipment is powered off, the forming die is taken out of the oven and is screwed down and pressurized by fastening bolts to ensure the forming pressure; ③ vulcanizing: putting the forming die into an oven, adjusting the temperature of equipment to the rubber vulcanization temperature, and carrying out heat preservation and solidification; fourthly, demolding: after solidification, naturally cooling the mixture to a certain temperature along with the furnace, and discharging the mixture out of the furnace; and fifthly, after the material is taken out of the furnace, loosening the fastening bolt, opening the mold by using a mold stripping bolt, and taking out the spray pipe after the spray pipe is separated from the forming mold in the mold opening process.
10. A thermal insulation layer-equipped spray pipe forming die designed for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the forming die comprises an upper die plate, an insert and a lower die plate which are of a hollow annular structure, the edge of the inner side of the insert in the radial direction downwards compresses the upper die plate and is fixedly connected with the upper die plate through a plurality of connecting bolts, the edge of the outer side of the insert in the radial direction downwards compresses the lower die plate and is fixedly connected with the lower die plate through a plurality of fastening bolts, and the upper die plate, the insert and the lower die plate are connected to form a forming surface for the surface of a spray pipe bonding area to compress a rubber sheet.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111305488.5A CN114131797A (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Forming method and forming die for spray pipe with heat insulation layer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111305488.5A CN114131797A (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Forming method and forming die for spray pipe with heat insulation layer |
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