CN114130499B

CN114130499B - Multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill

Info

Publication number: CN114130499B
Application number: CN202111443460.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯文华
Original assignee: Changzhou Gange Information Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Changzhou Gange Information Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-30
Filing date: 2021-11-30
Publication date: 2023-03-21
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-30
Also published as: CN114130499A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill, and belongs to the field of flour milling machinery. The pulverizer comprises a base, a bin arranged on the base, a crushing cutter set arranged in the bin and a driving mechanism for driving the crushing cutter set to rotate, wherein the crushing cutter set comprises a first-stage crushing cutter set, a second-stage crushing cutter set and a third-stage crushing cutter set which are coaxially arranged in sequence, and the rotation directions of the second-stage crushing cutter set and the third-stage crushing cutter set are opposite. Cubic material passes through one-level crushing knife tackle in proper order in the silo, the broken knife tackle of second grade and the broken knife tackle of tertiary smashes powdered material step by step, and, the broken knife tackle of one-level filters the back through the screen tray with comminuted back and further smashes by the broken knife tackle of second grade and the broken knife tackle of tertiary again, the broken knife tackle of second grade and the rotatory opposite direction of the broken knife tackle of tertiary, can smash the material with higher rotational speed, comminuted efficiency is higher, comminuted is more meticulous, and the energy consumption of milling machine is lower, can prolong the life who smashes the knife tackle simultaneously.

Description

Multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill

Technical Field

The invention relates to a pulverizer, in particular to a multi-stage pulverizing efficient energy-saving pulverizer.

Background

With the widespread use of plastic products, the harm of waste plastics to the environment and human health has become a serious problem to be faced by people, and the recycling technology of plastics has also become a main technical means for reducing the harm of waste plastics. At present, most plastics need smash the crocus processing in recovery process, promptly: the waste plastic is firstly crushed into small pieces, and then the crushed small pieces of plastic are crushed into powder, so that the recycling of the plastic is realized.

The pulverizer is the main equipment that smashes fritter plastics into powdery particle thing, utilizes the inside high-speed rotatory cutter disc to smash the material, and it also can be used to the crushing recovery of some other combined materials. In order to ensure the fineness of the material pulverization, the existing pulverizer needs to be used together with a pulverizing system device consisting of a fan, a cyclone, a blower closing machine, a vibrating screen and the like, such as a plastic pulverizer disclosed in chinese patent No. ZL201020022980.2 and a novel automatic rubber and plastic pulverizer disclosed in chinese patent No. zl201220278352.X, wherein the former integrates a discharge draught fan in a pulverizer body, and the latter is an independently driven discharge draught fan. The powder grinding devices (namely the grinding mill) grind blocky materials, then the blocky materials are sucked into the cyclone by the induced draft fan, are separated and settled by the cyclone, then enter the vibrating screen by the air closing fan, the powder meeting the requirements passes through the screen of the vibrating screen, and the materials with larger particle sizes are separated by the screen and then return to the grinding mill again for secondary grinding through the conveying pipeline. Wherein, a milling equipment for inciting somebody to action the fritter comminuted becomes powdery particulate matter is the key component part in whole milling system, and its crocus efficiency has directly influenced whole milling system's work efficiency and operation energy consumption.

Most of the existing milling cutter head assemblies of the mills (or milling devices) adopt the structural form of 'a milling cutter head' disclosed in Chinese patent No. ZL201821310063.7, each cutter is fixed on a disc-shaped cutter frame through a bolt, the cutters are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the disc-shaped cutter frame and are parallel to the rotation axis of the disc-shaped cutter frame, and the materials are impacted and sheared by high-speed rotation of the cutters to realize material crushing. The cutter head structure of the flour mill has the advantages that the abrasion problem of the blades is very serious, the cutters need to be replaced frequently, the cutter head structure belongs to a fragile and easily-consumed part of the flour mill, and one flour mill needs to use dozens of cutters, so that the maintenance cost of the flour mill is increased; and, the blade mainly utilizes the blade outer edge to smash the material with the effect of milling machine barrel in the course of the work, and comminuted's meticulous degree is not good enough, needs regrinding, and the whole work efficiency that leads to the crocus system is on the low side, and then has also increased the operation energy consumption.

One of the main technical means to increase the working efficiency of the mill is to increase the rotational speed of the crushing cutter, which depends on the performance of the motor. The rotating speed of the motor for the existing pulverizer is generally 3000r/min, and a high rotating speed driving motor with higher cost and higher power is required to be selected to further improve the rotating speed of a pulverizing cutter, so that the manufacturing cost and the working energy consumption of the pulverizer are inevitably increased greatly. In order to improve the working efficiency of the flour mill, "a flour mill" disclosed in chinese patent No. zl201921345106.x provides a double-motor driving idea, which has two millstones and two driving motors, the two millstones are respectively driven by one driving motor, the relative rotation speed of the millstones is improved by utilizing the relative rotation of the two millstones, which is beneficial to improving the working efficiency of the flour mill, but the design of the millstones of the flour mill can only realize the primary crushing of materials, and the flour mill is mainly used for further grinding of powder materials, and meanwhile, the feeding is assisted by a feeding auger, so that the structure is difficult to be applied to crushing small materials into powdery particles.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of low working efficiency, high energy consumption and the like of the existing flour mill, and provides a multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill.

2. Technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

the invention relates to a multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill, which comprises a base, a bin arranged on the base, a crushing cutter group arranged in the bin and a driving mechanism for driving the crushing cutter group to rotate, wherein:

the crushing cutter set comprises a first-stage crushing cutter set, a second-stage crushing cutter set and a third-stage crushing cutter set which are coaxially arranged in sequence, the first-stage crushing cutter set and the second-stage crushing cutter set are fixedly arranged on a central shaft respectively, a sieve tray with a plurality of sieve holes is arranged between the first-stage crushing cutter set and the second-stage crushing cutter set, the third-stage crushing cutter set is coaxially fixed on a transmission shaft sleeve, the transmission shaft sleeve is movably sleeved on the central shaft, a driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the central shaft extending out of the bin barrel and the transmission shaft sleeve respectively, and the rotation directions of the second-stage crushing cutter set and the third-stage crushing cutter set are opposite; one side of the bin barrel, which is close to the primary crushing cutter set, is provided with a feeding hole, and one side of the bin barrel, which is close to the tertiary crushing cutter set, is provided with a discharging hole.

Furthermore, two ends of the central shaft are rotatably supported on the machine base or end covers at two ends of the bin barrel through first bearing seats respectively, and the transmission shaft sleeve is rotatably supported on the end cover of the bin barrel close to the third-stage crushing cutter group or the machine base through a second bearing seat.

Furthermore, the driving mechanism comprises a first driving motor, a first transmission mechanism, a second driving motor and a second transmission mechanism, the first driving motor is in transmission connection with the central shaft through the first transmission mechanism, the second driving motor is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft sleeve through the second transmission mechanism, and the driving ends of the central shaft and the transmission shaft sleeve are both positioned on one side far away from the feeding hole.

Furthermore, the motor power of the first driving motor is greater than or equal to the motor power of the second driving motor.

Furthermore, the bin barrel adopts a jacket type structure, the feed inlet is eccentrically arranged on an end cover on one side of the bin barrel close to the primary crushing cutter group, and the discharge outlet is arranged on the bin barrel along the tangential direction of the wall of the bin barrel.

Furthermore, at least two groups of the second-stage crushing cutter groups are arranged in parallel along the axial direction, and at least one group of the third-stage crushing cutter groups is arranged along the axial direction.

Furthermore, the sieve tray is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the bin; or the sieve tray is fixedly arranged on the central shaft or the first-stage crushing cutter group or the second-stage crushing cutter group; the aperture of the sieve pore of the sieve tray is 2-6 mm; the center of the one-level crushing cutter set is provided with a one-level cutter set shaft sleeve, the center of the second-level crushing cutter set is provided with a second-level cutter set shaft sleeve, the one-level crushing cutter set is fixedly sleeved on the central shaft through the one-level cutter set shaft sleeve, and the second-level crushing cutter set is fixedly sleeved on the central shaft through the second-level cutter set shaft sleeve.

Furthermore, the primary crushing cutter group adopts a flail cutter type structure and comprises a primary cutter frame, flail cutter shafts, primary crushing blades and spacer bushes, wherein the flail cutter shafts are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the primary cutter frame, each flail cutter shaft is provided with a plurality of primary crushing blades along the axial direction, and two axially adjacent primary crushing blades are separated by the spacer bushes sleeved on the corresponding flail cutter shafts.

Furthermore, the secondary crushing cutter set comprises a secondary cutter rest and a plurality of secondary crushing blades which are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the secondary cutter rest along the circumferential direction, and the secondary crushing blades of all the blades are arranged on the secondary cutter rest in a forward and backward inclined mode towards the same rotating direction; the three-stage crushing cutter set comprises a three-stage cutter frame and a plurality of three-stage crushing blades which are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the three-stage cutter frame along the circumferential direction, each three-stage crushing blade is arranged on the three-stage cutter frame in a forward and backward inclined mode towards the same rotating direction, and the forward and backward inclined directions of the three-stage crushing blades are opposite to the forward and backward inclined directions of the two-stage crushing blades.

Furthermore, the front-back inclined included angle alpha between the secondary crushing blade and the secondary tool rest is 15-30 degrees, and the front-back inclined included angle alpha between the tertiary crushing blade and the tertiary tool rest is 15-30 degrees.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following remarkable effects:

(1) The invention relates to a multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill which comprises a base, a bin arranged on the base, a crushing cutter group arranged in the bin and a driving mechanism for driving the crushing cutter group to rotate, wherein the crushing cutter group comprises a first-stage crushing cutter group, a second-stage crushing cutter group and a third-stage crushing cutter group which are coaxially arranged in sequence; the multi-stage crushing cutter set is arranged in the bin of the flour mill, massive materials are sequentially crushed into powdery materials step by step through the first-stage crushing cutter set, the second-stage crushing cutter set and the third-stage crushing cutter set in the bin, the materials are further crushed through the second-stage crushing cutter set and the third-stage crushing cutter set after being crushed by the first-stage crushing cutter set and filtered by the sieve tray, the second-stage crushing cutter set and the third-stage crushing cutter set are opposite in rotating direction, the materials can be crushed at a higher rotating speed, the material crushing efficiency is higher, the material crushing is finer, the energy consumption of the flour mill is lower, and meanwhile, the service life of the crushing cutter set can be prolonged;

(2) According to the multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill, two ends of a central shaft of a crushing cutter set are rotatably supported on a machine base or end covers at two ends of a bin through first bearing seats respectively, a transmission shaft sleeve is rotatably supported on the end cover of the bin close to a three-stage crushing cutter set or the machine base through a second bearing seat, and the central shaft can be supported at two ends;

(3) The driving mechanism of the multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill comprises a first driving motor and a second driving motor, the two driving motors respectively drive the central shaft and the transmission shaft sleeve, and under the condition that the total power of the flour mill is close to that of the existing flour mill, the power of a single motor can be smaller, a high-power motor is not needed, so that the selection of the driving motors is more flexible, and the investment cost of the motor is lower; in addition, the two driving motors are arranged on the same side of the bin, so that the structural layout of the flour mill is more reasonable and compact;

(4) According to the multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill, the working load of the three-stage crushing cutter set is obviously smaller than that of the two-stage crushing cutter set, so that the power of the second driving motor can be smaller, namely the motor power of the first driving motor is larger than or equal to that of the second driving motor, for example, the power of the first driving motor can be 55kW, and the power of the second driving motor can be 30kW, compared with the existing 90kW flour mill, the total power of the flour mill can be reduced, and the two motors respectively take the duties, so that the working efficiency can be greatly improved;

(5) According to the multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill, the bin cylinder is of a jacket type structure, cooling liquid can be introduced for cooling, the operation temperature of the flour mill is reduced, and the working stability of the flour mill is improved; the feed port is eccentrically arranged on the end cover at one side of the bin barrel close to the primary crushing cutter group, the discharge port is arranged on the bin barrel along the tangential direction of the wall of the bin barrel, materials can be directly sucked into the bin barrel through the feed port, and meanwhile, crushed powdery materials can be quickly discharged from the discharge port, so that the materials can be fed and discharged more smoothly and efficiently;

(6) According to the multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill, at least two groups of secondary crushing cutter sets are arranged in parallel along the axial direction, at least one group of tertiary crushing cutter sets is arranged along the axial direction, and the design of multiple groups of secondary crushing cutter sets or tertiary crushing cutter sets is adopted, so that the flow stroke of material crushing can be prolonged, and the material can be crushed more densely;

(7) According to the multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill, the sieve disc is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the bin barrel, or the sieve disc is fixedly arranged on the central shaft or the first-stage crushing cutter group or the second-stage crushing cutter group and rotates along with the central shaft or the first-stage crushing cutter group or the second-stage crushing cutter group, after the sieve disc is used for filtering, the second-stage crushing cutter group and the third-stage crushing cutter group only need to crush fine particles, the abrasion to crushing blades is smaller, and the service lives of the second-stage crushing cutter group and the third-stage crushing cutter group are longer;

(8) According to the multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill, the first-stage crushing cutter set is provided with the first-stage cutter set shaft sleeve in the center, the second-stage crushing cutter set is provided with the second-stage cutter set shaft sleeve in the center, the first-stage crushing cutter set is fixedly sleeved on the central shaft through the first-stage cutter set shaft sleeve, the second-stage crushing cutter set is fixedly sleeved on the central shaft through the second-stage cutter set shaft sleeve, and the first-stage crushing cutter set and the second-stage crushing cutter set are arranged on the central shaft in a shaft sleeve structure, so that the first-stage crushing cutter set and the second-stage crushing cutter set form a modular structure, and the crushing cutter set can be conveniently and quickly assembled on the central shaft;

(9) According to the multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill, the primary crushing cutter set adopts a flail type structure, the crushing blades are unfolded under the rotating centrifugal action of the crushing blades, and are crushed by impacting blocky materials with the primary crushing blades, so that the crushing blades can smoothly pass when the resistance of the materials is too large or the materials are mixed with high-hardness materials such as metal and the like, the collision damage of the primary crushing blades is effectively prevented, the crushing stability of the materials by the primary crushing cutter set is improved, and the service life of the materials is prolonged;

(10) The invention relates to a multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill, wherein a secondary crushing cutter set comprises a secondary cutter frame and a plurality of secondary crushing blades which are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the secondary cutter frame along the circumferential direction, and each secondary crushing blade is arranged on the secondary cutter frame in a forward and backward inclined manner towards the same rotating direction; the three-stage crushing cutter set comprises a three-stage cutter frame and a plurality of three-stage crushing blades which are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the three-stage cutter frame along the circumferential direction, each three-stage crushing blade is arranged on the three-stage cutter frame in a forward and backward inclined mode towards the same rotating direction, and the forward and backward inclined directions of the three-stage crushing blades are opposite to the forward and backward inclined directions of the two-stage crushing blades; the secondary crushing cutter set and the tertiary crushing cutter set are distributed by adopting circumferential blades, the linear speed of the rotation of the blades is higher, and the blades rotating at high speed are used for beating and crushing the materials, so that the materials are crushed more densely and efficiently; in addition, on the basis that the rotation directions of the second-stage crushing cutter set and the third-stage crushing cutter set are opposite, the crushing blades of the second-stage crushing cutter set and the third-stage crushing cutter set are arranged in a front-back inclined mode, and the front-back inclined direction of the second-stage crushing blade is opposite to the front-back inclined direction of the third-stage crushing blade, so that in the relative high-speed rotation process of the second-stage crushing cutter set and the third-stage crushing cutter set, on one hand, rotating airflow can be formed, the flowing speed of materials is accelerated, the materials are rapidly crushed by utilizing the impact and shearing action of the blades rotating at high speed, and the material crushing efficiency is further improved; on the other hand, the suction acting force in the same direction can be formed, the materials are sucked from the feed port of the flour mill and are discharged from the discharge port of the flour mill after being crushed by the multistage crushing cutter group, so that the power of a subsequent induced draft fan in the flour mill device can be reduced, and the running of the flour mill is more energy-saving and efficient;

(11) According to the multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill, the front-back inclined included angle alpha between the secondary crushing blade and the secondary knife rest is 15-30 degrees, the front-back inclined included angle alpha between the tertiary crushing blade and the tertiary knife rest is 15-30 degrees, through reasonable inclined included angle arrangement, material crushing efficiency and powder flowing speed can be considered, and the milling efficiency of the flour mill is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a multi-stage pulverizing energy-efficient pulverizer of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multi-stage pulverizing energy-efficient pulverizer of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an angular three-dimensional structure of a multi-stage crushing cutter set in the multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving pulverizer of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another angular perspective structure of a multi-stage milling cutter set in the multi-stage milling energy-efficient pulverizer of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a multi-stage pulverizing cutter set in the multi-stage pulverizing efficient energy-saving pulverizer of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-stage crushing cutter set or a three-stage crushing cutter set in the multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving pulverizer of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic top view of a two-stage crushing cutter set or a three-stage crushing cutter set in the multi-stage crushing energy-efficient pulverizer of the present invention.

The reference numerals in the schematic drawings illustrate:

1. a machine base; 1-1, a first bearing seat; 2. a bin; 2A, a feed inlet; 2B, a discharge hole; 2-1, an outer cylinder; 2-2, an inner cylinder; 2-3, cooling jacket; 2-4, a front end cover; 2-5, a rear end cover; 2-6, a second bearing seat; 3. a drive mechanism; 3-1, a first driving motor; 3-2, a first transmission mechanism; 3-3, a second driving motor; 3-4, a second transmission mechanism; 4. a primary crushing cutter set; 4-1, a first-stage tool rest; 4-2, a flail knife shaft; 4-3, a primary crushing blade; 4-4, spacer bush; 4-5, a first-level cutter set shaft sleeve; 5. a sieve tray; 5-1, screening meshes; 6. a secondary crushing cutter set; 6-1, a secondary tool rest; 6-2, secondary crushing blades; 6-3, a secondary cutter set shaft sleeve; 7. a third-stage crushing cutter set; 7-1, a third-level tool rest; 7-2, a third-stage crushing blade; 8. a central shaft; 9. a driving shaft sleeve.

Detailed Description

For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

[ examples ]

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the multi-stage pulverizing efficient energy-saving pulverizer of the present embodiment includes a base 1, a bin 2 disposed on the base 1, a pulverizing cutter set disposed in the bin 2, and a driving mechanism 3 for driving the pulverizing cutter set to rotate, wherein the bin 2 is horizontally mounted on the base 1, and the bin 2 and the base 1 are welded and fixed together; further referring to fig. 3 and 4, the crushing cutter set includes a first-stage crushing cutter set 4, a second-stage crushing cutter set 6 and a third-stage crushing cutter set 7 which are coaxially arranged in sequence, the first-stage crushing cutter set 4 and the second-stage crushing cutter set 6 are respectively and fixedly mounted on a central shaft 8 and synchronously rotate along with the central shaft 8, a sieve tray 5 with a plurality of sieve holes 5-1 is arranged between the first-stage crushing cutter set 4 and the second-stage crushing cutter set 6, the first-stage crushing cutter set 4 is used for coarsely crushing materials, the coarsely crushed small particles are further finely ground by the second-stage crushing cutter set 6 and the third-stage crushing cutter set 7 after passing through the sieve holes 5-1 on the sieve tray 5, and larger materials are continuously crushed by the first-stage crushing cutter set 4; the three-stage crushing cutter set 7 is coaxially fixed on the transmission shaft sleeve 9, the transmission shaft sleeve 9 is movably sleeved on the central shaft 8, the driving mechanism 3 is respectively in transmission connection with the central shaft 8 and the transmission shaft sleeve 9 which extend out of the bin 2, and the rotation directions of the two-stage crushing cutter set 6 and the three-stage crushing cutter set 7 are opposite, so that the relative speed of the three-stage crushing cutter set 7 and the two-stage crushing cutter set 6 is the sum of the rotation speeds of the two, the relative rotation speed of the crushing cutter set is greatly improved, materials can be crushed more densely between the two-stage crushing cutter set 6 and the three-stage crushing cutter set 7, and the crushing efficiency is also greatly improved; one side that silo 2 is close to one-level broken knife tackle 4 is equipped with feed inlet 2A, and one side that is close to tertiary broken knife tackle 7 is equipped with discharge gate 2B, and the material gets into by feed inlet 2A, smashes step by step through one-level broken knife tackle 4, second grade broken knife tackle 6 and tertiary broken knife tackle 7 in proper order, and the powdery material after smashing is discharged by discharge gate 2B. Through set up multi-stage crushing knife tackle in the silo 2 of milling machine, cubic material passes through one-level crushing knife tackle 4 in proper order in silo 2, the powdered material is smashed step by step to second grade crushing knife tackle 6 and tertiary crushing knife tackle 7, and, one-level crushing knife tackle 4 is further smashed by second grade crushing knife tackle 6 and tertiary crushing knife tackle 7 after filtering through screen tray 5 behind the comminuted, second grade crushing knife tackle 6 is opposite with 7 direction of rotation of tertiary crushing knife tackle, can smash the material with higher rotational speed, the efficiency of comminuted is higher, the comminuted is more fine and close, and the energy consumption of milling machine is lower, can prolong the life of smashing the knife tackle simultaneously.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, two ends of the central shaft 8 are rotatably supported on the machine base 1 or end covers at two ends of the bin 2 through first bearing blocks 1-1, respectively, and the driving shaft sleeve 9 is rotatably supported on the end cover of the bin 2 or the machine base 1 near the third-stage crushing cutter group 7 through second bearing blocks 2-6. The center pin 8 can adopt both ends to support, compares with current cantilever drive shaft design, and it is little that the high-speed rotatory shake of crushing knife tackle makes the operation of milling machine more steady reliable. Specifically, a first bearing block 1-1 is arranged on the machine base 1, two ends of a central shaft 8 respectively penetrate through end covers at two ends of the bin 2 and then are supported on the first bearing block 1-1 at the corresponding side, a second bearing block 2-6 is arranged on an end cover at one end of the bin 2, and a transmission shaft sleeve 9 is sleeved on the central shaft 8 and supported on the second bearing block 2-6. Mechanical seals are arranged on two sides of the second bearing block 2-6 to prevent material dust from entering the bearing to damage the bearing.

The driving mechanism 3 can adopt a single-motor or dual-motor driving design, and when the single-motor design is adopted, the driving mechanism can be respectively in transmission connection with the central shaft 8 and the driving shaft sleeve 9 through an intermediate conversion mechanism, for example, a group of gears can be adopted between the central shaft 8 and the driving shaft sleeve 9 to realize reverse rotation of the central shaft 8 and the driving shaft sleeve 9, the motor drives the central shaft 8 or the driving shaft sleeve 9 to rotate, when the motor drives the central shaft 8 to rotate, the central shaft 8 is provided with a first gear, one side of the central shaft 8 is provided with a driving shaft with a second gear, and the other end of the driving shaft drives the driving shaft sleeve 9 to rotate through a belt pulley driving mechanism. The disadvantage of using a single motor design is that a high power motor is required and the intermediate drive mechanism is relatively complex. Preferably, in this embodiment, the driving mechanism 3 is a dual-motor driving design, that is, the driving mechanism 3 includes a first driving motor 3-1, a first transmission mechanism 3-2, a second driving motor 3-3 and a second transmission mechanism 3-4, the first driving motor 3-1 is in transmission connection with the central shaft 8 through the first transmission mechanism 3-2, the second driving motor 3-3 is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft sleeve 9 through the second transmission mechanism 3-4, and the driving ends of the central shaft 8 and the transmission shaft sleeve 9 are both located on one side far away from the feeding port 2A. The central shaft 8 and the transmission shaft sleeve 9 are respectively driven by two driving motors, and under the condition that the total power of the pulverizer is close to that of the existing pulverizer, the power of a single motor can be smaller, a high-power motor is not needed, so that the selection of the driving motors is more flexible, and the investment cost of the motors is lower; and, two driving motor locate the same one side of the bin 2, make the structural layout of the pulverizer more rational and compact. The first transmission mechanism 3-2 and the second transmission mechanism 3-4 preferably adopt belt pulley transmission mechanisms, have stable transmission and have overload protection function. Because the work load of the three-stage crushing cutter group 7 is obviously smaller than that of the first two-stage crushing cutter group, the power of the second driving motor 3-3 can be smaller, namely the motor power of the first driving motor 3-1 is larger than or equal to that of the second driving motor 3-3, for example, the power of the first driving motor 3-1 can be 55kW, and the power of the second driving motor 3-3 can be 30kW, compared with the existing 90kW flour mill, the total power of the flour mill can be reduced, and the two motors respectively take their own roles, so that the work efficiency can be greatly improved.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in this embodiment, the bin 2 adopts a jacket type structure, so that a cooling liquid can be introduced for cooling, the operating temperature of the pulverizer is reduced, and the operating stability of the pulverizer is improved; feed inlet 2A locates eccentrically on the end cover that storehouse section of thick bamboo 2 is close to 4 one sides of one-level broken knife tackle, and on storehouse section of thick bamboo 2 was located along the tangential of 2 section of thick bamboos walls in the discharge gate 2B, the material can be directly by feed inlet 2A by the suction storehouse section of thick bamboo 2 in, the powdery material after smashing simultaneously can be discharged from discharge gate 2B fast, and the material business turn over material is smooth and easy high-efficient more. Specifically, the bin 2 comprises an outer cylinder 2-1, an inner cylinder 2-2, a front end cover 2-4 and a rear end cover 2-5, the outer cylinder 2-1 is arranged on the outer side of the inner cylinder 2-2, a cooling jacket 2-3 is formed between the outer cylinder 2-1 and the inner cylinder 2-2, the front end cover 2-4 and the rear end cover 2-5 are respectively installed at the front end and the rear end of the bin 2 through flange structures, and a second bearing seat 2-6 is fixed on the rear end cover 2-5, so that the bin 2 forms a closed structure. The feed port 2A is arranged on the front end cover 2-4 at one side, the discharge port 2B is arranged along the tangential direction of the bin barrel 2, and the discharge port 2B is communicated with the inner barrel 2-2. When the pulverizer operates, cooling water is introduced into the cooling jackets 2-3, so that the operating temperature of the pulverizer can be quickly reduced.

As shown in fig. 2 to 5, in the present embodiment, at least two sets of the secondary crushing cutter sets 6 are arranged in parallel in the axial direction, the structures of the two sets of the secondary crushing cutter sets 6 are the same, at least one set of the tertiary crushing cutter sets 7 is arranged in the axial direction, and when the three sets of the tertiary crushing cutter sets 7 are provided in multiple sets, the structures of the three sets of the tertiary crushing cutter sets 7 are also the same. The design of multiple groups of secondary crushing cutter sets 6 or tertiary crushing cutter sets 7 is adopted, so that the flow stroke of material crushing can be prolonged, and the material crushing is more compact. The sieve tray 5 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the bin 2, or the sieve tray 5 is fixedly arranged on a central shaft 8 or a first-stage crushing cutter group 4 or a second-stage crushing cutter group 6 and rotates along with the crushing cutter group; the aperture of the sieve pore 5-1 of the sieve tray 5 is preferably 2-6 mm, and after the sieve tray 5 is used for filtering, the second-stage crushing cutter group 6 and the third-stage crushing cutter group 7 only need to crush fine particles, so that the wear to the crushing blades is smaller, and the service life of the second-stage crushing cutter group 6 and the third-stage crushing cutter group 7 is longer.

As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, a first-stage cutter set shaft sleeve 4-5 is disposed at the center of the first-stage crushing cutter set 4, a second-stage cutter set shaft sleeve 6-3 is disposed at the center of the second-stage crushing cutter set 6, the first-stage crushing cutter set 4 is fixedly sleeved on the central shaft 8 through the first-stage cutter set shaft sleeve 4-5, and the second-stage crushing cutter set 6 is fixedly sleeved on the central shaft 8 through the second-stage cutter set shaft sleeve 6-3. The first-stage cutter set shaft sleeves 4-5 and the second-stage cutter set shaft sleeves 6-3 can be connected with the central shaft 8 through flat keys and used for transmitting axial torque. The one-level crushing cutter group 4 and the second-level crushing cutter group 6 are arranged on the central shaft 8 in a shaft sleeve structure, so that the one-level crushing cutter group 4 and the second-level crushing cutter group 6 form a modular structure, and the crushing cutter group can be rapidly assembled on the central shaft 8 conveniently.

Further, the primary crushing cutter set 4 in this embodiment is of a flail type structure, and includes a primary cutter frame 4-1, a flail cutter shaft 4-2, a primary crushing cutter blade 4-3, and a spacer 4-4, the flail cutter shaft 4-2 is uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the primary cutter frame 4-1, and the flail cutter shaft 4-2 can be set to 3-8 groups according to different requirements, for example, 6 groups of flail cutter shafts 4-2 are designed in fig. 4, each flail cutter shaft 4-2 is axially and movably installed with a plurality of primary crushing cutter blades 4-3, and two axially adjacent primary crushing cutter blades 4-3 are separated by the spacer 4-4 sleeved on the corresponding flail cutter shaft 4-2. Specifically, one end of a first-level crushing blade 4-3 is provided with a through hole, the first-level crushing blade 4-3 and a spacer sleeve 4-4 are alternately sleeved on a corresponding flail knife shaft 4-2, the first-level crushing blade 4-3 can freely rotate on the flail knife shaft 4-2, when the crushing device works, the crushing blade is unfolded under the centrifugal action of the crushing blade, a blocky material is impacted by the first-level crushing blade 4-3 to be crushed, and the crushing blade can smoothly cross over an obstacle when the material resistance is too large or the material is mixed with high-hardness materials such as metal, so that the crushing stability of the first-level crushing blade 4-3 to the material is improved, and the service life of the first-level crushing blade group 4 to the material is prolonged. Specifically, in this embodiment, the primary knife rest 4-1 may be formed by mounting plates, and at least two mounting plates are respectively disposed on two sides of the primary crushing knife group 4, two ends of the flail knife shaft 4-2 are mounted on the mounting plates on the corresponding sides, and one or more mounting plates may be further disposed in the middle of the flail knife shaft 4-2 according to the number of the primary crushing blades 4-3 on the flail knife shaft 4-2 and the length of the flail knife shaft 4-2, so as to improve the structural stability of the primary crushing knife group 4.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, in the present embodiment, the secondary crushing cutter set 6 includes a secondary cutter frame 6-1 and a plurality of secondary crushing cutters 6-2 uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the secondary cutter frame 6-1 along the circumferential direction, and each secondary crushing cutter 6-2 is arranged on the secondary cutter frame 6-1 in a forward and backward inclined manner in the same rotation direction; the three-stage crushing cutter set 7 comprises a three-stage cutter frame 7-1 and a plurality of three-stage crushing blades 7-2 which are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the three-stage cutter frame 7-1 along the circumferential direction, each three-stage crushing blade 7-2 is arranged on the three-stage cutter frame 7-1 in a forward and backward inclined mode towards the same rotating direction, and the forward and backward inclined directions of the three-stage crushing blades 7-2 are opposite to the forward and backward inclined directions of the two-stage crushing blades 6-2. Namely, a certain inclined included angle is formed between the front end face and the rear end face of the second-stage crushing blade 6-2 and the second-stage knife rest 6-1, and a certain inclined included angle is also formed between the front end face and the rear end face of the third-stage crushing blade 7-2 and the third-stage knife rest 7-1, so that in the relative high-speed rotation process of the second-stage crushing blade group 6 and the third-stage crushing blade group 7, on one hand, a rotating airflow can be formed, the flowing speed of materials is accelerated, the materials are crushed rapidly by utilizing the impact and shearing action of the blades rotating at high speed, and the material crushing efficiency is further improved; on the other hand can form the suction effort of same direction, inhales the material from the feed inlet of milling machine, discharges by the discharge gate of milling machine after the crushing of multistage broken knife tackle, can reduce follow-up suction fan's in the milling machine device power, makes the operation of milling machine more energy-conserving high-efficient. The secondary knife rest 6-1 and the tertiary knife rest 7-1 are both disc-shaped structures and used as substrates for mounting crushing blades, the secondary crushing knife set 6 and the tertiary crushing knife set 7 are both distributed by circumferential blades, the linear speed of rotation of the blades is higher, and the blades rotating at high speed are used for slapping and crushing materials, so that the materials are crushed more finely and efficiently. And, kibbling material powder can discharge milling machine fast, compares with current milling machine knife tackle, can alleviate the wearing and tearing of blade, reduces the maintenance cost of milling machine blade disc. The smaller the front-back inclined angle between the crushing blade and the knife rest is, the smaller the suction force generated by the rotation of the corresponding crushing knife set is, at the moment, the relatively slower the powder discharge speed is, the resistance of the crushing blade is increased, and the abrasion is increased; and the bigger the back and forth inclination included angle is, then the striking included angle of broken blade and material diminishes, and suction power grow, and broken blade is to the crushing effect variation of material this moment, and the crushing efficiency of material is slower relatively. It is therefore necessary to set the forward and backward inclined angle between the crushing blade and the blade holder within a reasonable range. In the embodiment, the front-back inclined angle alpha between the secondary crushing blade 6-2 and the secondary knife rest 6-1 is 15-30 degrees, and the front-back inclined angle alpha between the tertiary crushing blade 7-2 and the tertiary knife rest 7-1 is 15-30 degrees; further preferably, the front-back inclined angle alpha between the secondary crushing blade 6-2 and the secondary knife rest 6-1 is 20 degrees, and the front-back inclined angle alpha between the tertiary crushing blade 7-2 and the tertiary knife rest 7-1 is 20 degrees. Through above-mentioned reasonable slope contained angle setting, can compromise the material crushing efficiency and the powder speed of flow, improved the crocus efficiency of milling machine.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the secondary crushing blade 6-2 is fixed to the secondary blade carrier 6-1 in a radial direction of the secondary blade carrier 6-1, and the tertiary crushing blade 7-2 is fixed to the tertiary blade carrier 7-1 in a radial direction of the tertiary blade carrier 7-1, that is, in the secondary crushing blade group 6 and the tertiary crushing blade group 7, each crushing blade is on a diameter extension line of the corresponding blade carrier, and can better generate collision and shearing action with the material. The crushing blade quantity of second grade crushing knife tackle 6 and tertiary crushing knife tackle 7 can be specific design requirement more and decide, and circumference evenly distributed's crushing blade makes whole crushing knife tackle have better dynamic balance effect, makes crushing knife tackle rotate more steadily, has improved the job stabilization nature of milling machine. Of course, each crushing blade may be arranged in an inclined manner within a certain range relative to the outer peripheral surface of the corresponding tool rest, and the circumferential inclined direction of each crushing blade also faces the same rotating direction, i.e., the central plane of each crushing blade is not larger than the center of the disc-shaped tool rest, and the circumferential inclined included angle of each crushing blade is not too large, and may be determined according to specific design requirements. In order to facilitate the installation and fixation of the crushing blades in the secondary crushing cutter group 6 and the tertiary crushing cutter group 7, caulking grooves are formed in the peripheries of the secondary cutter frame 6-1 and the tertiary cutter frame 7-1, and one end of the secondary crushing blade 6-2 is embedded into the corresponding caulking groove of the secondary cutter frame 6-1 and is fixed through welding; one end of the third-level crushing blade 7-2 is embedded into a corresponding caulking groove of the third-level tool rest 7-1 and is fixed through welding. The blade is positioned and fixed by utilizing the caulking groove, so that the blade is fixed more firmly and stably. Certainly, in order to facilitate the individual replacement of the blades, the second-stage crushing blade 6-2 and the third-stage crushing blade 7-2 can also be fixed by bolts, that is, fixed blade fixing plates are welded in the caulking grooves of the second-stage blade carrier 6-1 and the third-stage blade carrier 7-1, mounting holes are formed in the blade fixing plates, and the second-stage crushing blade 6-2 and the third-stage crushing blade 7-2 are respectively fixed on the corresponding blade fixing plates by bolts.

In the multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill of the embodiment, the rotating speeds of the first driving motor 3-1 and the second driving motor 3-3 of the driving mechanism 3 can reach 3000r/min, namely, the rotating speeds of the first-stage crushing cutter set 4 and the second-stage crushing cutter set 6 are 3000r/min, the rotating speed of the third-stage crushing cutter set 7 is 3000r/min, and the relative rotating speed of the second-stage crushing cutter set 6 and the third-stage crushing cutter set 7 is 6000r/min. When the device works, the first driving motor 3-1 and the second driving motor 3-3 are started, materials enter from the feeding hole 2A and are sucked into the bin 2 under the action of negative pressure suction; in the bin 2, granular materials (usually block materials of 1-2 cm) are firstly crushed by the first-stage crushing cutter group 4, the crushed materials with the particle size smaller than the aperture of 5-1 of the sieve pore of the sieve tray 5 pass through the sieve tray 5 and are crushed by the second-stage crushing cutter group 6 in a slapping manner, and the particle size of the materials can reach 20-50 meshes generally; then, the material passes through the three-stage crushing cutter set 7 which rotates reversely again, and is impacted and flapped at a higher speed through the three-stage crushing cutter set 5 to be further crushed, and the particle size of the material can reach 60 meshes generally; and finally discharging the powdery material from the discharge port 2B. In the operation process of the flour mill, the two-stage crushing cutter set 6 and the three-stage crushing cutter set 7 which rotate at a high speed can simultaneously generate suction force action, so that materials are crushed in the bin barrel 2 from the feeding port 2A by automatic suction, and are automatically discharged from the discharging port 2B, thus, the power of the draught fan is further reduced, and the operation of the flour mill is more energy-saving and efficient.

The invention discloses a multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving pulverizer, which is used for crushing and recycling waste and belongs to the field of energy-saving and environment-friendly equipment. Set up multistage crushing knife tackle in the silo of milling machine, cubic material passes through one-level crushing knife tackle in proper order in the silo, the powdered material is smashed step by step to second grade crushing knife tackle and tertiary crushing knife tackle, and, one-level crushing knife tackle filters the back through the screen tray with the comminuted back and further smashes by second grade crushing knife tackle and tertiary crushing knife tackle again, second grade crushing knife tackle and tertiary crushing knife tackle direction of rotation are opposite, can smash the material with higher rotational speed, comminuted efficiency is higher, comminuted is more fine and close, and the energy consumption of milling machine is lower, can prolong the life who smashes the knife tackle simultaneously.

In addition, on the basis that the rotation directions of the second-stage crushing cutter set and the third-stage crushing cutter set are opposite, the crushing blades of the second-stage crushing cutter set and the third-stage crushing cutter set are arranged in a front-back inclined mode, and the front-back inclined direction of the second-stage crushing blade is opposite to the front-back inclined direction of the third-stage crushing blade, so that in the relative high-speed rotation process of the second-stage crushing cutter set and the third-stage crushing cutter set, on one hand, rotating airflow can be formed, the flowing speed of materials is accelerated, the materials are rapidly crushed by utilizing the impact and shearing action of the blades rotating at high speed, and the material crushing efficiency is further improved; on the other hand can form the suction effort of same direction, inhales the material from the feed inlet of milling machine, discharges by the discharge gate of milling machine after the crushing of multistage broken knife tackle, can reduce the power of follow-up draught fan in the milling machine device, makes the operation of milling machine more energy-conserving high-efficient.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "front," "back," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a high-efficient energy-conserving milling machine of multi-stage crushing, includes frame (1), locates silo (2) on frame (1), locates crushing knife tackle in silo (2) and is used for driving rotatory actuating mechanism (3) of crushing knife tackle, its characterized in that:

the crushing cutter set comprises a first-stage crushing cutter set (4), a second-stage crushing cutter set (6) and a third-stage crushing cutter set (7) which are coaxially arranged in sequence, wherein the first-stage crushing cutter set (4) and the second-stage crushing cutter set (6) are respectively and fixedly arranged on a central shaft (8), a sieve tray (5) with a plurality of sieve pores (5-1) is arranged between the first-stage crushing cutter set (4) and the second-stage crushing cutter set (6), the third-stage crushing cutter set (7) is coaxially fixed on a transmission shaft sleeve (9), the transmission shaft sleeve (9) is movably sleeved on the central shaft (8), a driving mechanism (3) is respectively in transmission connection with the central shaft (8) and the transmission shaft sleeve (9) which extend out of a bin barrel (2), and the rotating directions of the second-stage crushing cutter set (6) and the third-stage crushing cutter set (7) are opposite; a feed inlet (2A) is formed in one side, close to the first-stage crushing cutter group (4), of the bin cylinder (2), and a discharge outlet (2B) is formed in one side, close to the third-stage crushing cutter group (7);

the secondary crushing cutter set (6) comprises a secondary cutter frame (6-1) and a plurality of secondary crushing blades (6-2) which are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the secondary cutter frame (6-1) along the circumferential direction, and the secondary crushing blades (6-2) of each blade are arranged on the secondary cutter frame (6-1) in a forward and backward inclined mode towards the same rotating direction; the three-level crushing cutter set (7) comprises a three-level cutter frame (7-1) and a plurality of three-level crushing blades (7-2) which are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the three-level cutter frame (7-1) along the circumferential direction, each three-level crushing blade (7-2) is arranged on the three-level cutter frame (7-1) in a forward and backward inclined mode towards the same rotating direction, and the forward and backward inclined directions of the three-level crushing blades (7-2) are opposite to the forward and backward inclined directions of the two-level crushing blades (6-2).

2. The efficient and energy-saving multi-stage pulverizing mill according to claim 1, wherein: two ends of the central shaft (8) are rotatably supported on the machine base (1) or end covers at two ends of the bin barrel (2) through first bearing seats (1-1), and the transmission shaft sleeve (9) is rotatably supported on the end cover of the bin barrel (2) close to the three-stage crushing cutter set (7) or the machine base (1) through second bearing seats (2-6).

3. The efficient and energy-saving multi-stage crushing mill according to claim 2, wherein: the driving mechanism (3) comprises a first driving motor (3-1), a first transmission mechanism (3-2), a second driving motor (3-3) and a second transmission mechanism (3-4), the first driving motor (3-1) is in transmission connection with the central shaft (8) through the first transmission mechanism (3-2), the second driving motor (3-3) is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft sleeve (9) through the second transmission mechanism (3-4), and the driving ends of the central shaft (8) and the transmission shaft sleeve (9) are both located on one side far away from the feeding hole (2A).

4. The multi-stage crushing high-efficiency energy-saving flour mill according to claim 3, characterized in that: the motor power of the first driving motor (3-1) is larger than or equal to that of the second driving motor (3-3).

5. The efficient and energy-saving multi-stage pulverizing mill according to claim 1, wherein: the bin barrel (2) adopts a jacket type structure, the feed inlet (2A) is eccentrically arranged on an end cover on one side, close to the primary crushing cutter group (4), of the bin barrel (2), and the discharge outlet (2B) is arranged on the bin barrel (2) along the tangential direction of the wall of the bin barrel (2).

6. The efficient and energy-saving multi-stage pulverizing mill according to claim 1, wherein: the two-stage crushing cutter set (6) is at least provided with two groups in parallel along the axial direction, and the three-stage crushing cutter set (7) is at least provided with one group along the axial direction.

7. The efficient and energy-saving multi-stage pulverizing mill according to claim 1, wherein: the sieve tray (5) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the bin (2); or the screening disc (5) is fixedly arranged on the central shaft (8) or the primary crushing cutter group (4) or the secondary crushing cutter group (6); the aperture of a sieve pore (5-1) of the sieve tray (5) is 2 to 6mm; the center of one-level broken knife tackle (4) be equipped with one-level knife tackle axle sleeve (4-5), the center of the broken knife tackle of second grade (6) be equipped with second grade knife tackle axle sleeve (6-3), the broken knife tackle of one-level (4) fix the cover through one-level knife tackle axle sleeve (4-5) and locate on center pin (8), the broken knife tackle of second grade (6) fix the cover through second grade knife tackle axle sleeve (6-3) and locate on center pin (8).

8. A multi-stage pulverizing energy-efficient mill according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the primary crushing cutter set (4) is of a flail cutter type structure and comprises a primary cutter frame (4-1), a flail cutter shaft (4-2), primary crushing blades (4-3) and spacer bushes (4-4), wherein the flail cutter shaft (4-2) is uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the primary cutter frame (4-1), a plurality of primary crushing blades (4-3) are axially and movably mounted on each flail cutter shaft (4-2), and the two axially adjacent primary crushing blades (4-3) are separated by the spacer bushes (4-4) sleeved on the corresponding flail cutter shaft (4-2).

9. The efficient and energy-saving multi-stage pulverizing mill according to claim 1, wherein: the front-back inclined angle alpha between the secondary crushing blade (6-2) and the secondary knife rest (6-1) is 15-30 degrees, and the front-back inclined angle alpha between the tertiary crushing blade (7-2) and the tertiary knife rest (7-1) is 15-30 degrees.