CN114128012A - Battery module including heat dissipation member and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Battery module including heat dissipation member and method of manufacturing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114128012A
CN114128012A CN202080050356.XA CN202080050356A CN114128012A CN 114128012 A CN114128012 A CN 114128012A CN 202080050356 A CN202080050356 A CN 202080050356A CN 114128012 A CN114128012 A CN 114128012A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat dissipation
plate
battery module
sealing member
hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202080050356.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
曹永范
辛殷圭
柳载旼
金昇俊
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LG Energy Solution Ltd
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LG Energy Solution Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LG Energy Solution Ltd filed Critical LG Energy Solution Ltd
Publication of CN114128012A publication Critical patent/CN114128012A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14008—Inserting articles into the mould
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/10—Batteries in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery module and a method of manufacturing a heat dissipation member, the battery module including: a battery cell stack in which a plurality of pouch-shaped battery cells are stacked; a battery module housing configured to receive the battery cell stack; and a heat dissipation member formed to be coupled to a portion of the battery module housing, wherein the heat dissipation member has a through hole formed in a heat dissipation plate facing the battery cell stack, and a sealing member is disposed in the through hole. The increase in volume of the battery module can be minimized while thermal runaway of the battery cells that have ignited can be effectively prevented.

Description

Battery module including heat dissipation member and method of manufacturing the same
Technical Field
The present application claims priority from korean patent application No. 2020-.
The present invention relates to a battery module including a heat dissipation member and a method of manufacturing the heat dissipation member, and more particularly, to a battery module including a heat dissipation member and a method of manufacturing the heat dissipation member, in which: the heat dissipation member has through-holes formed therein to prevent a thermal runaway phenomenon from occurring by directly injecting water into the battery cells that have ignited.
Background
A lithium secondary battery capable of being charged and discharged is suitable for use as a built-in battery cell because it is not necessary to replace the battery cell. The stability of the lithium secondary battery has been rapidly improved, and the capacity of the lithium secondary battery has also been rapidly increased. Therefore, the lithium secondary battery has been applied to various devices.
For example, lithium secondary batteries have been widely used not only as an energy source for wireless mobile devices as small multifunctional products or wearable devices configured to be worn on the body, but also as an energy source for electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles that have been proposed as replacements for existing gasoline and diesel vehicles causing air pollution, or as an Energy Storage System (ESS).
As described above, since the lithium secondary battery is used as a large-capacity, high-output energy source, it is very important to secure the safety of the lithium secondary battery.
In the case of a fire occurring in a battery cell received in an energy storage system, a method of injecting water into a battery module or a battery pack using a separate injection device is generally used.
However, in this case, facilities and space necessary for providing the water injection device are required, and a fire may spread due to a time difference between a time point at which gas discharged due to the exhaustion of the battery cell is sensed and a time point at which water injection is performed.
Alternatively, a method of preventing heat transfer between battery cells or cooling a battery cell that has ignited using the following structure may be used: in this structure, a thermal insulating material or a fire extinguishing agent is disposed inside or outside the battery module or the battery pack.
The above method can solve the problems of facilities and space necessary for providing a separate water injection device, but the cost of the battery module or the battery pack increases due to the high price of the thermal insulation material or the fire extinguishing agent. In addition, since a separate component is added, the volume of the battery module or the battery pack increases, and thus the energy density decreases. Furthermore, in the case where the amount of fire extinguishing agent provided in the battery cell is too small to remove all the heat energy discharged from the battery cell, it is difficult to prevent the battery cell from catching fire.
In connection with this, patent document 1 discloses an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus for an energy storage system, which includes a carbon dioxide supply unit including a carbon dioxide supply member in which high-pressure carbon dioxide is stored in a compressed state, so that the carbon dioxide is supplied into a fire extinguishing line in an unpowered manner without applying a separate power. In patent document 1, configurations such as a fire extinguishing line and a carbon dioxide supply member are separately required, whereby the problem of an increase in the size of the energy storage system is not solved.
Patent document 2 discloses a battery system including a reservoir configured to store a fire extinguishing agent and a duct device configured to guide the fire extinguishing agent, wherein the duct device is positioned to collide with an exhaust gas jet discharged through an exhaust hole formed in any one of a plurality of battery cells, and wherein the duct device is configured to be melted by the exhaust gas jet.
Since the battery system of patent document 2 includes a reservoir configured to store the fire extinguishing agent and a duct device configured to guide the fire extinguishing agent, the problem of the increase in volume of the battery system has not yet been solved.
Therefore, there is a high necessity for a technology capable of preventing a decrease in energy density while minimizing the spread of flame in the event of a fire of a large-capacity, high-output battery module or battery pack as described above.
(Prior art document)
(patent document 1) Korean registered patent publication No. 1984817 (2019.05.27)
(patent document 2) Korean patent application publication No. 2019-0085005 (2019.07.17)
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a battery module including a heat dissipation member having the following structure: in this structure, the refrigerant for the heat dissipation member is directly injected to the battery cell that has ignited, so that when the battery cell fires or explodes, thermal energy is prevented from being transferred to the battery cell adjacent thereto.
Technical scheme
In order to achieve the above object, a battery module according to the present invention includes: a battery cell stack composed of a plurality of stacked pouch-shaped battery cells; a battery module housing configured to receive a battery cell stack; and a heat dissipation member coupled to a portion of the battery module housing, wherein the heat dissipation member has a through-hole formed in a heat dissipation plate disposed to face the battery cell stack, and a sealing member is added to the through-hole, and a method of manufacturing the same.
In the battery module according to the present invention, the battery module housing may include an upper plate and a lower plate, the heat dissipation member may include a heat dissipation plate and a refrigerant flow part, and the upper plate and the heat dissipation plate may be coupled to each other in a shape in which the refrigerant flow part is defined between the upper plate and the heat dissipation plate.
In the battery module according to the present invention, the heat dissipation member may be configured such that the lower plate and the heat dissipation plate are coupled to each other in a shape in which the refrigerant flow part is defined between the lower plate and the heat dissipation plate.
In the battery module according to the present invention, the sealing member may be made of a material that is melted by high-temperature gas or spark discharged from each of the pouch-shaped battery cells.
In addition, the through-hole may be opened by the melting of the sealing member, and a refrigerant may be injected into the pouch-shaped battery cell through the through-hole.
In the battery module according to the present invention, the refrigerant may be a coolant, and the coolant may not include a combustible material.
In addition, each of the upper and lower plates may be provided with a flow channel configured to guide the flow of the coolant.
In the battery module according to the present invention, the battery module housing may include an upper plate and a lower plate, the water tank may be coupled to an inner surface of the upper plate, the water tank configured to serve as the heat dissipation member, the water tank may be provided with a through-hole in a second surface of the water tank opposite to a first surface of the water tank coupled to the inner surface of the upper plate, and a sealing member may be added to the through-hole.
In the battery module according to the present invention, the battery module housing may include an upper plate and a lower plate, the water tank may be coupled to an inner surface of the lower plate, the water tank may be configured to serve as a heat dissipation member, the water tank may be provided with a through-hole in a second surface of the water tank opposite to a first surface of the water tank coupled to the inner surface of the lower plate, and a sealing member may be added to the through-hole.
In the battery module according to the present invention, even in the case where any one of the pouch-shaped battery cells catches fire, the through-holes may be formed at positions where the coolant can be supplied to the catching pouch-shaped battery cell, and the number of the through-holes may be set according to the number and size of the pouch-shaped battery cells.
In the battery module according to the present invention, the sealing member may fill the through-hole, and the sealing member may include extensions formed at the inner and outer surfaces of the heat dissipation plate so as to extend further outward from the outer circumference of the through-hole.
In the battery module according to the present invention, a recess may be formed in a portion of each of the inner and outer surfaces of the heat dissipation plate, in which the extension is formed.
In addition, the heat dissipation plate in which the concave portion is formed may have at least one vertical section selected from a polygonal shape, a semicircular shape, and a semi-elliptical shape.
In addition, the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a heat dissipation member included in the battery module. Specifically, the method of manufacturing a heat dissipation member includes: (a) a flat plate for placing a heat dissipation plate of the heat dissipation member between the die and the holder; (b) punching the flat plate to form a through hole, thereby manufacturing a heat dissipation plate; (c) installing a heat dissipation plate in a die for insert extrusion molding; (d) fixing the heat dissipation plate to a mold, and injecting a resin for a sealing member; and (e) removing the mold and collecting the heat-dissipating plate to which the sealing member is added, wherein a protrusion is formed in each of the die and the holder, the protrusion being configured to form a recess in the heat-dissipating plate.
In the method of manufacturing the heat dissipation member according to the present invention, the heat dissipation plate may be coupled to each of the upper and lower plates of the battery module housing to be spaced apart from each of the upper and lower plates, and a refrigerant flow part may be defined in a space between the heat dissipation plate and each of the upper and lower plates, the refrigerant flow part being configured to allow a refrigerant to be introduced into and discharged from the refrigerant flow part.
In the method of manufacturing the heat dissipation member according to the present invention, the heat dissipation plate may constitute a water tank coupled to each of the upper plate and the lower plate of the battery module housing, and the heat dissipation plate may be disposed at the other surface of the water tank opposite to one surface of the water tank coupled to each of the upper plate and the lower plate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a battery module according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a battery module according to an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view and a plan view of the heat discharging member in a state that the heat discharging member according to the present invention is disassembled.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of a heat radiating plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the battery module in which a sealing member is added to a heat dissipation plate having a recess formed therein.
Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing a state in which a sealing member is added to the heat dissipation plate in which the concave portion is formed.
Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view of a battery pack according to another embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a front view schematically showing a manufacturing process of the heat radiating plate.
Fig. 10 is a front view schematically showing a process of adding a sealing member to a heat radiating plate.
Detailed Description
Now, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the preferred embodiments of the present invention can be easily implemented by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. However, in describing in detail the operational principle of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may obscure the subject matter of the present invention.
Further, the same reference numerals will be used throughout the drawings to refer to portions that perform similar functions or operations. In the specification, in the case where one part is referred to as being connected to another part, the one part may be not only directly connected to the other part but also indirectly connected to the other part via the other part. In addition, the inclusion of a certain element is not meant to exclude other elements, but rather, is meant to further include such elements unless otherwise noted.
In addition, unless particularly limited, the description embodying elements by limitation or addition may be applied to all inventions, and does not limit the specific inventions.
Furthermore, in the description and claims of the invention of the present application, the singular forms are intended to include the plural forms unless otherwise mentioned.
Also, in the description and claims of the invention of this application, "or" includes "and" unless otherwise mentioned. Thus, "including a or B" means three cases, that is, a case including a, a case including B, and a case including a and B.
Moreover, all numerical ranges include the lowest value, the highest value, and all intermediate values therebetween, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a battery module according to the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a battery module 100 according to the present invention includes: a battery module case configured to receive a battery cell stack in which a plurality of pouch-shaped battery cells 101 are stacked; and a heat dissipation member disposed at each of upper and lower surfaces of the battery cell stack.
As the plurality of pouch-shaped battery cells 101, bi-directional pouch-shaped battery cells 101 are shown in fig. 1, each bi-directional pouch-shaped battery cell 101 having electrode leads 102 protruding in opposite directions. Alternatively, unidirectional pouch-shaped battery cells each having a positive electrode lead and a negative electrode lead protruding in the same direction may be used.
The battery module housing includes an upper plate 110 disposed at an upper portion of the battery cell stack, a lower plate 120 disposed at a lower portion of the battery cell stack, and a side plate 130 disposed between the upper plate 110 and the lower plate 120, the side plate being disposed at a side of the battery cell stack.
In addition, at the outer portion of the pouch-shaped battery cell 101 in the direction in which the electrode leads 102 of the pouch-shaped battery cell protrude, end plates (not shown) may be coupled to the upper plate 110, the lower plate, and the side plates 130, whereby the battery module case may be assembled.
In addition, the shape of the battery module housing is not limited to the structure shown in fig. 1. Unlike that shown in fig. 1, a single frame or a U-shaped frame may be used for the battery module housing.
Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a battery module according to an embodiment.
Referring to fig. 2, in the battery module, a battery cell stack in which a plurality of pouch-shaped battery cells 101 are stacked is received in a battery module case including an upper plate 110 and a lower plate 120.
The heat discharging member 200 includes a heat discharging plate 210 and a refrigerant flowing portion 220, the refrigerant flowing portion 220 being configured to allow a refrigerant to be introduced thereinto, to flow therein, and to be discharged therefrom. The heat dissipation plate 210 is coupled to the upper plate 110 to be spaced apart from the upper plate, and the refrigerant flow part 220 is defined in a space between the heat dissipation plate and the upper plate. Therefore, the upper plate 110, the heat dissipation plate 210, and the refrigerant flow part 220 form an integrated structure.
That is, the heat dissipation member 200 is located at the upper portion of the battery cell stack in a state of being coupled to the upper plate 110 to be integrated therewith.
In addition, the heat discharging member 200' includes a heat discharging plate 210 and a refrigerant flowing part 220, the refrigerant flowing part 220 being configured to allow a refrigerant to be introduced thereinto, to flow therein, and to be discharged therefrom. The heat dissipation plate 210 is coupled to the lower plate 120 to be spaced apart from the upper plate, and the refrigerant flow part 220 is defined in a space between the heat dissipation plate and the lower plate. Accordingly, the lower plate 120, the heat dissipation plate 210, and the refrigerant flow part 220 form an integrated structure.
That is, the heat dissipation member 200' is located at the lower portion of the battery cell stack in a state of being coupled to the lower plate 120 to be integrated therewith.
A through hole 230 is formed in the heat dissipation plate 210, and a sealing member 240 is added to the through hole 230. The sealing member 240 is made of a material that is melted by high-temperature gas or spark discharged from the pouch-shaped battery cell 101. That is, in the normal state as in the pouch-shaped battery cell 101, the state in which the through-hole 230 is sealed by the sealing member 240 is maintained. However, when the temperature rises or fire occurs as in the pouch-shaped battery cell 103, the sealing member 240 is melted, whereby the through-hole 230 is opened. The refrigerant from the refrigerant flow part 220 is directly injected into the pouch-shaped battery cell 103 through the opened through-hole 230. As a result, the overheated or catching fire pouch-shaped battery cell is rapidly cooled, whereby the propagation of thermal runaway can be rapidly prevented.
The sealing member is made of a material that is melted by high-temperature gas or spark discharged due to the exhaust of the pouch-shaped battery cell having an elevated temperature. Thermoplastic polymer resins having a melting point of about 200 ℃ or less may be used. For example, a material having a melting point between about 100 ℃ to about 200 ℃, such as polyethylene or polypropylene, may be used as the thermoplastic polymer resin.
Meanwhile, in the case of using a coolant as a refrigerant, it is necessary to prevent the pouch-shaped battery cells from having an enhanced flame or explosion due to the injection of the coolant, in consideration of the fact that the coolant is directly injected into the pouch-shaped battery cells. Therefore, it is preferable that the additive included in the coolant does not include a combustible material. Alternatively, in the case where the combustible material is included as an additive in the coolant, the amount of the additive may be set to such a degree that secondary explosion of the pouch-shaped battery cell can be prevented and, at the same time, the additive is used as an anti-freezing agent to prevent the coolant from freezing.
In the heat discharging member according to the present invention, the heat discharging member 200 and the heat discharging member 200 'of fig. 2 are identical to each other in configuration except that the heat discharging member 200 is configured such that the heat discharging plate and the upper plate are coupled to each other and the heat discharging member 200' is configured such that the heat discharging plate and the lower plate are coupled to each other. Therefore, description will be made based on the heat discharging member 200.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view and a plan view of the heat discharging member in a state that the heat discharging member according to the present invention is disassembled.
Referring to fig. 3 together with fig. 2, a perspective view of the heat dissipation member in a state where the heat dissipation plate 210 is removed from the heat dissipation member is shown in fig. 3(a), and a plan view of the heat dissipation plate 210 is shown in fig. 3(b) to describe an internal structure of the heat dissipation member in which the upper plate 110 and the heat dissipation plate 210 are coupled to each other.
The upper plate 110 is provided with partition walls 215, the partition walls 215 are configured to guide the flow of the coolant serving as the refrigerant, and flow passages are defined between the partition walls 215.
A coolant inlet and a coolant outlet formed adjacent to each other are provided at an outer circumference of one side of the upper plate 110 as indicated by arrows. The coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are formed in a middle portion of the outer periphery of the upper plate on one side in the lateral direction thereof.
In this case, the temperature of the coolant introduced through the coolant inlet port is the lowest, and the temperature of the coolant discharged through the coolant outlet port is the highest. As a result, the deviation in the temperature of the entire coolant flowing in the refrigerant flow portion can be small. Therefore, in the case where the flow channel is formed as described above, the entire heat dissipation member can exhibit uniform heat dissipation efficiency.
Fig. 3(b) shows a state in which the through-hole 230 is formed in the heat dissipation plate 210.
The through holes 230, which are circular in a plan view, are disposed in the heat dissipation plate 210 so as to be spaced apart from each other at uniform intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions.
Even in the case where any pouch-shaped battery cell catches fire, the through-holes must be formed at positions where coolant can be supplied to the catching pouch-shaped battery cell. That is, it is preferable that at least one through-hole be disposed for each pouch-shaped battery cell such that the coolant can be supplied to all the pouch-shaped battery cells. Therefore, the number and the interval of the through-holes may be adjusted depending on the number and the size of the pouch-shaped battery cell.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of a heat radiating plate according to the present invention.
Referring to fig. 4, the through holes 230' and 230 ″ formed in the heat dissipation plate 210 are different in shape from the through hole 230 of fig. 3.
When the battery cells are disposed such that the short axis direction of the heat dissipation plate 210 and the longitudinal direction L of each battery cell shown in fig. 4 are parallel to each other, the through-holes 230' are obliquely formed such that one through-hole can cover two or more pouch-shaped battery cells, and the through-holes 230 ″ are formed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L of each battery cell such that one through-hole can cover two or more pouch-shaped battery cells.
In the case where the through-holes are formed as described above, the through-holes are formed in large quantities when the sealing member is melted by heat generated from any one of the pouch-shaped battery cells and the explosion thereof, whereby the coolant may also be supplied to the surface of at least one battery cell adjacent to the battery cell that has generated heat and exploded, but has not generated heat and exploded. Therefore, the temperature of the battery cell which does not generate heat and explodes can be reduced, and thus the occurrence of the thermal runaway phenomenon can be prevented.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 2.
Referring to fig. 5, a refrigerant flow portion 220 is formed between the heat dissipation plate 210 and the upper plate 110, and a partition wall 215 is formed in the refrigerant flow portion 220. The flow passage of the refrigerant is defined by the partition wall 215.
A space may be formed between the battery cell stack and the heat dissipation plate 210, and the individual battery cells 101 may have different distance deviations between the battery cells and the heat dissipation plate 210. Due to the space formed between the battery cell stack and the heat dissipation plate 210 as described above, the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat in the battery module from the battery module is reduced.
To prevent such a problem from occurring, the space between the battery cell stack and the heat dissipation plate 210 may be filled with a Thermal Interface Material (TIM) 390.
Since the thermal interface material 390 increases the thermal contact area between the cell stack and the heat dissipation plate, thermal energy generated in the cell stack can be rapidly discharged into the battery module.
However, in the case where heat discharged from the pouch-shaped battery cell cannot be brought into direct contact with the sealing member due to the thermal interface material 390, the temperature of the sealing member may not reach the melting temperature. For this reason, the addition of thermal interface material may be omitted.
Alternatively, the thermal interface material may not be formed at the lower portion of the through hole of the heat dissipation plate, but may be added to other portions. In this case, even in the case where the thermal interface material is added, the thermal energy of the ventilated battery cell can be directly transferred to the sealing member without loss. As a result, the sealing member may be melted, and thus, the refrigerant may be supplied to the discharged battery cells.
Meanwhile, a sealing member 240 is added to the through-hole 230 formed through the heat dissipation plate 210. For example, the sealing member 240 fills the through-hole 230, and includes an extension 241, the extension 241 being formed at the inner surface 211 of the heat dissipation plate and the outer surface 212 of the heat dissipation plate so as to extend further outward from the outer circumference of the through-hole 230.
Since the extension 241 is formed at the sealing member 240, it is possible to prevent the sealing member 240 from being removed by the pressure of the coolant flowing in the refrigerant flow portion, thereby preventing the through hole from being opened.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a battery module in which a sealing member is added to a heat dissipation plate having a recess formed therein.
Referring to fig. 6, the refrigerant flow part 320 is formed between the upper plate 110 and the heat dissipation plate 310, and the sealing member 340 is added to the through hole formed in the heat dissipation plate 310.
The sealing member 340 includes an extension 341, and the recess 314 is formed in a portion of each of the inner surface 311 of the heat dissipation plate and the outer surface 312 of the heat dissipation plate where the extension 341 is formed.
The portion of the sealing member constituting the extension 341 is inserted into the recess 314 to form the insertion portion 345. Therefore, the sealing member can be prevented from being removed by the pressure of the coolant, thereby preventing the through-hole from being opened.
In order to manufacture the sealing member including the above-described extending portion, an insert injection molding method of injecting a resin for the sealing member into the heat radiating plate having the recess formed therein may be used. Alternatively, the portion of the sealing part filling the through-hole may be formed as a central portion of the sealing member having a shape and size corresponding to those of the through-hole, and a separate member may be added to the central portion of the sealing member to form the extension portion. At this time, the central portion of the sealing member and the separately added extension portion may be coupled to each other by bonding using a bonding material, screw engagement, or interference fit. However, the coupling method is not limited. In addition, the central portion of the sealing member may be made of a thermoplastic polymer resin that melts at a high temperature, and the separately added extension portion may be made of a material that does not melt at a high temperature.
Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing a state in which a sealing member is added to the heat dissipation plate in which the concave portion is formed.
Referring to fig. 7, each of the sealing members 440, 540, and 640 is added to a corresponding one of the heat dissipation plates 410, 510, and 610.
Portions of the heat dissipation plates 410, 510, and 610 that engage the extensions are provided with recesses 414, 514, and 614, respectively, and insertion parts 445, 545, and 645 are formed in the recesses 414, 514, and 614, respectively.
The vertical section of each portion of the heat dissipation plates 410, 510, and 610, in which the concave portions 414, 514, and 614 are formed, respectively, may be at least one selected from among a polygonal shape (including a triangular shape and a trapezoidal shape), a semicircular shape, and a semi-elliptical shape, and a combination thereof.
Referring to fig. 7(c), the thickness of the central portion 641 of the sealing member 640 is formed to be smaller than the thickness of the central portion of the sealing member 410 and the thickness of the central portion of the sealing member 510. In the case where the portion of the sealing member sealing the through-hole is formed to have a relatively small thickness as described above, it is possible to shorten the time until the sealing member is melted and the through-hole is opened, thereby enabling the refrigerant to be quickly supplied to the battery cell.
Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view of a battery pack according to another embodiment.
Referring to fig. 8, the battery module case includes an upper plate 110 'and a lower plate 120', and a battery cell stack in which pouch-shaped battery cells 101 are arranged in a stack is received in the battery module case.
A water tank 260 configured to serve as a heat discharging member is coupled to an inner surface of the upper plate 110'. The water tank 260 includes a first surface 261 coupled to an inner surface of the upper plate 110' and a second surface 263 disposed to face the first surface 261, and the coolant 262 is received in a space defined between the first surface 261 and the second surface 263.
A through hole 267 is formed in the second surface 263, and a sealing member 268 is added to the through hole 267.
The sealing member 268 is made of a material melted by high-temperature gas or sparks discharged from the pouch-shaped battery cell 101 due to being opened. When the pouch-shaped battery cell is heated or catches fire, the sealing member 268 is melted, whereby the through-holes 267 are opened. As a result, the coolant 262 is directly injected into the pouch-shaped battery cell 101 that has ignited. Therefore, the pouch-shaped battery cell 101, which has ignited, can be cooled and extinguished.
The water tank 260 'includes a first surface 261' coupled to an inner surface of the lower plate 120 'and a second surface 263' disposed to face the first surface 261', and the coolant 262' is received in a space defined between the first surface 261 'and the second surface 263'.
A through hole 267 'is formed in the second surface 263', and a sealing member 268 'is added to the through hole 267'.
The description of the water tank 268 is equally applicable to the melting of the sealing member 268' due to the exhaust or ignition of the pouch-shaped battery cell 101 and the effects thereof.
Fig. 9 is a front view schematically showing a manufacturing process of the heat radiating plate, and fig. 10 is a front view schematically showing a process of adding a sealing member to the heat radiating plate.
A method of manufacturing the heat dissipation member included in the battery module according to the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 9 and 10.
Specifically, the method of manufacturing a heat dissipation member includes the steps of: (a) a flat plate for placing a heat dissipation plate of the heat dissipation member between the die and the holder; (b) punching the flat plate using a punching machine to form a through hole, thereby manufacturing a heat dissipation plate; (c) installing the heat dissipation plate in a die for insert extrusion molding; (d) fixing the heat dissipation plate to a mold, and injecting a resin for a sealing member; and (e) removing the mold, and collecting the heat-dissipating plate to which the sealing member is added, wherein a protrusion configured to form a recess in the heat-dissipating plate may be formed in each of the die and the holder.
In fig. 9 and 10, a process of manufacturing the heat dissipation plate 410 shown in fig. 7(a) is shown. In the step of manufacturing the heat dissipation plate, a flat plate 401 for the heat dissipation plate of the heat dissipation member may be placed between the die 710 and the holder 720, and a portion of the flat plate where a through-hole is to be formed may be punched using the punch 730 to form the through-hole, whereby the heat dissipation plate 410 may be manufactured. The cut portion 217 formed as a result of cutting using the punch 730 is removed.
Projections 711 and 721 are formed on the die 710 and the holder 720, respectively, and a recess 414 having a shape and a size corresponding to those of the projections 711 and 721 is formed in the heat dissipation plate 410.
An insert extrusion molding method may be used as a method of forming the sealing member 440 at the heat dissipation plate 410. The heat dissipation plate 410 is placed between the upper mold 801 and the lower mold 802. Subsequently, a resin 447 for a sealing member is injected through an injection port 811 formed in the upper die 801. After the resin 447 for the sealing member is dried, the heat radiating plate 410 to which the sealing member 440 having a shape of an inner space formed between the upper mold 801 and the lower mold 802 is added is formed. A portion of the sealing member is inserted into the recess 414 of the heat dissipation plate 410, whereby the sealing member 440 can be stably fixed to the heat dissipation plate 410.
The heat dissipation plate manufactured as described above is coupled to each of the upper and lower plates of the battery module housing to be spaced apart therefrom, whereby the heat dissipation member having a structure in which the refrigerant is introduced into and discharged from the space can be manufactured.
In addition, the heat dissipation plate may constitute a water tank coupled to each of the upper and lower plates of the battery module housing, and the heat dissipation plate may be disposed at the other surface of the water tank opposite to one surface of the water tank coupled to each of the upper and lower plates.
In the case of using the battery module according to the present invention and the method of manufacturing the heat dissipation member included in the battery module, as described above, it is possible to rapidly cool the battery cells that have ignited, whereby it is possible to provide the battery module with improved safety.
Those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains will appreciate that various applications and modifications are possible within the scope of the invention based on the above description.
(description of reference numerals)
100: battery module
101. 103: pouch-shaped battery cell
102: electrode lead
110. 110': upper plate
120. 120': lower plate
130: side plate
200. 200': heat radiation component
210. 310, 410, 510, 610: heat radiation plate
211. 311: inner surface of the heat radiation plate
212. 312: outer surface of the heat radiating plate
215: partition wall
217: cutting part
220. 320, and (3) respectively: refrigerant flowing part
230. 230', 230 ", 267': through hole
240. 268, 268', 340, 440, 540, 640: sealing member
241. 341: extension part
260. 260': water tank
261. 261': first surface
262. 262': coolant
263. 263': second surface
314. 414, 514, 614: concave part
345. 445, 545, 645: insertion part
390: thermal interface material
401: plate for heat sink
447: resin for sealing member
641: center portion of sealing member
710: punching die
720: retainer
730: punching machine
711. 721: protrusion
801: upper die
802: lower die
811: injection port
a: transverse direction of the upper plate
L: longitudinal direction of battery cell
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
As apparent from the above description, the battery module according to the present invention is configured such that the structure of the conventional heat dissipation member is changed without adding a separate additional configuration in order to rapidly cool the battery cells that have ignited, thereby being capable of reliably suppressing the thermal runaway phenomenon of the battery cells while minimizing an increase in the volume of the battery module.
Also, in the case where the sealing member added to the heat dissipation member is melted by the high temperature of the battery cell, the refrigerant is directly injected into the battery cell through the heat dissipation member, whereby the temperature of the battery cell can be rapidly reduced.
In addition, through-holes are formed in the heat dissipation member, and a sealing member is added to the through-holes to seal the through-holes, whereby an increase in weight of the battery module can be minimized despite the addition of the fire extinguishing structure.
In addition, even in the case where any one of the battery cells constituting the battery cell stack is exhausted, the heat dissipation member configured to allow the refrigerant to be injected into the battery cell is used, whereby the thermal diffusion barrier effect for the large-capacity battery module can be obtained.
In addition, water is injected into the battery cell instead of an expensive fire extinguishing agent, whereby the production cost can be reduced.

Claims (16)

1. A battery module, comprising:
a battery cell stack composed of a plurality of stacked pouch-shaped battery cells;
a battery module housing configured to receive the battery cell stack; and
a heat dissipation member coupled to a portion of the battery module housing, wherein
The heat dissipation member has a through-hole formed in a heat dissipation plate disposed to face the battery cell stack, and
a sealing member is added to the through-hole.
2. The battery module of claim 1,
the battery module housing includes an upper plate and a lower plate,
the heat radiation member includes a heat radiation plate and a refrigerant flow portion, and
the upper plate and the heat dissipation plate are coupled to each other in the following shape: the refrigerant flow portion is defined between the upper plate and the heat dissipation plate.
3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the heat dissipation member is configured such that the lower plate and the heat dissipation plate are coupled to each other in the following shape: the refrigerant flowing portion is defined between the lower plate and the heat dissipation plate.
4. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the sealing member is made of a material that is melted by high-temperature gas or spark discharged from each of the pouch-shaped battery cells.
5. The battery module of claim 4,
the through hole is opened by melting of the sealing member, and
the refrigerant is injected into the pouch-shaped battery cell through the through-hole.
6. The battery module of claim 5,
the refrigerant is a coolant, and
the coolant does not include a combustible material.
7. The battery module of claim 6, wherein each of the upper plate and the lower plate is provided with a flow channel configured to guide a flow of the coolant.
8. The battery module of claim 1,
the battery module housing includes an upper plate and a lower plate,
a water tank coupled to an inner surface of the upper plate, the water tank configured to serve as the heat discharging member,
a through hole is provided in a second surface of the water tank, which is opposite to a first surface of the water tank, which is coupled to the inner surface of the upper plate, and
a sealing member is added to the through-hole.
9. The battery module of claim 1,
the battery module housing includes an upper plate and a lower plate,
a water tank coupled to an inner surface of the lower plate, the water tank configured to serve as the heat discharging member,
a through hole is provided in a second surface of the water tank, which is opposite to a first surface of the water tank, which is coupled to the inner surface of the lower plate,
a sealing member is added to the through-hole.
10. The battery module of claim 1,
even in the case where any one of the pouch-shaped battery cells catches fire, the through-holes are formed at positions where coolant can be supplied to the catching pouch-shaped battery cells, and
the number of the through-holes is set according to the number and size of the pouch-shaped battery cells.
11. The battery module of claim 1,
the sealing member fills the through hole, and
the sealing member includes extensions formed at inner and outer surfaces of the heat dissipation plate so as to extend further outward from an outer circumference of the through-hole.
12. The battery module according to claim 11, wherein a recess is formed in a portion of each of the inner surface and the outer surface of the heat dissipation plate in which the extension is formed.
13. The battery module according to claim 12, wherein the heat dissipation plate in which the recess is formed has a vertical cross-section of at least one selected from the group consisting of a polygonal shape, a semicircular shape, and a semi-elliptical shape.
14. A method of manufacturing a heat dissipation member included in the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 13, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) a flat plate for placing a heat dissipation plate of the heat dissipation member between the die and the holder;
(b) punching the flat plate to form a through hole, thereby manufacturing a heat dissipation plate;
(c) installing the heat dissipation plate in a die for insert extrusion molding;
(d) fixing the heat dissipation plate to the mold, and injecting a resin for a sealing member; and is
(e) Removing the mold, and collecting the heat-dissipating plate added with the sealing member,
wherein a protrusion is formed in each of the die and the holder, the protrusion being configured to form a recess in the heat dissipation plate.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein,
the heat dissipation plate is coupled to each of the upper plate and the lower plate of the battery module housing to be spaced apart therefrom, and
a refrigerant flow portion is defined in spaces between the heat dissipation plate and the upper plate and between the heat dissipation plate and the lower plate, the refrigerant flow portion being configured to allow a refrigerant to be introduced into and discharged from the refrigerant flow portion.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein,
the heat dissipation plate constitutes a water tank coupled to each of upper and lower plates of the battery module housing, and
the heat dissipation plate is disposed at another surface of the water tank, which is opposite to one surface of the water tank coupled to each of the upper plate and the lower plate.
CN202080050356.XA 2020-06-29 2020-12-02 Battery module including heat dissipation member and method of manufacturing the same Pending CN114128012A (en)

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PCT/KR2020/017427 WO2022004972A1 (en) 2020-06-29 2020-12-02 Battery module comprising heat dissipating member, and method for manufacturing heat dissipating member

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