CN114124055A - Single-live-wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit - Google Patents
Single-live-wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN114124055A CN114124055A CN202111255542.XA CN202111255542A CN114124055A CN 114124055 A CN114124055 A CN 114124055A CN 202111255542 A CN202111255542 A CN 202111255542A CN 114124055 A CN114124055 A CN 114124055A
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
- H03K17/082—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit
- H03K17/0822—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
- H03K2017/0806—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage against excessive temperature
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Abstract
The invention provides a single-live-wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit.A main switch circuit enables the electric connection between a live wire and a power load to be switched on or off when a WIFI control circuit receives user instruction control; before the main switch circuit works, the direct-current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit charges the farad capacitor charging circuit, the charging voltage of the farad capacitor in the farad capacitor charging circuit reaches a preset voltage, and after the main switch circuit works, the direct-current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit is switched off to charge the farad capacitor charging circuit, the current is limited, the normal working current is maintained by small current, and the electric load is ensured not to flicker; when the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit is electrically connected between a live wire and an electric load, the driving voltage of the power taking MOS tube is boosted, and the heating power consumption and overvoltage damage are reduced; and the wifi control circuit receives a user instruction to remotely control the main switch circuit. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable work, low cost and smaller quiescent current.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent wall switches, in particular to a single-live-wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit.
Background
Due to the excellent performance, the WIFI communication technology is applied more and more widely in the whole country and the whole world. In recent years, the field of wall intelligent switches has also been sufficiently developed, especially for the appearance of novel WIFI modules, and the two ends of the load are not high-voltage capacitors, so that the installation is more convenient. However, although the average working current of the new module is less than 2mA, the transient current is large and the holding time is long, so that the prior art is buffered by a farad super capacitor.
At present, the product design in the market is not ideal, and the following disadvantages exist: (1) the driving voltage of the power MOS is less than 5V, the internal resistance of the power-taking MOS tube is increased, and the high-power load is easy to generate heat damage, particularly, the farad capacitor voltage is completely established and is easy to generate heat breakdown; (2) most of the power-taking MOS tubes are switched on and off by adopting voltage control, the switching on and off is frequent in a period, and the zero voltage is not always kept when the power-taking MOS tubes are switched on every time, so that the instantaneous impact current is large, and the power-taking MOS tubes are easy to heat; (3) the dead zone (the conduction time of an electrode tube in a MOS body) is too long, so that the interior of the MOS tube for taking electric power is heated seriously; (4) the magnetic latching relay is conducted, when the magnetic latching relay is in an on state, power is suddenly cut off or an air switch trips, at the moment, a contact of the magnetic latching relay in a closed state cannot be disconnected, and when power is returned, the quick charging function of the farad capacitor disappears, so that quick charging cannot be achieved. Therefore, there is a need for an improvement to existing WIFI wall smart switches.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a single-live-wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit which is simple in structure, reliable in work, low in cost and smaller in quiescent current, and can solve the technical problems that a power MOS tube in an existing WIFI wall intelligent switch is overheated, suddenly has power failure in an on state, and realizes quick charging when a magnetic latching relay circuit is powered on again.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention provides a single-live-wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit which is arranged between a live wire and an electric load and comprises a main switch circuit, a farad capacitor charging circuit, a pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit, a WIFI control circuit and a direct-current WIFI voltage stabilizing circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the main switch circuit is connected in series between the live wire and the electric load, and two wiring terminals, a magnetic latching relay and an electric power taking MOS tube which are used for respectively connecting the live wire and the electric load are arranged on the main switch circuit; the control end of the magnetic latching relay is connected with the output end of the wifi control circuit; the source electrode of the power taking MOS tube is connected with the live wire, the grid electrode of the power taking MOS tube is connected with the output end of the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit, and the drain electrode of the power taking MOS tube is also connected with the farad capacitor charging circuit, the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit, the wifi control circuit and the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit;
the farad capacitor charging circuit, the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit and the wifi control circuit are also respectively connected with the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit;
the main switch circuit is used for controlling the on/off of the power taking MOS tube through on/off control of a normally open contact of the magnetic latching relay when the wifi control circuit receives a user instruction to control the instantaneous power on of the magnetic latching relay, so that the electric connection between the live wire and the power load is realized; when the charging voltage of the farad capacitor charging circuit reaches a preset voltage and the electric connection between the live wire and the electric load is conducted, the direct-current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit is interrupted to carry out direct-current constant-current charging on the farad capacitor charging circuit, and the current is limited to maintain normal working current with small current;
the farad capacitor charging circuit is used for performing direct current constant current charging through the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit when the main switch circuit cuts off the electric connection between the live wire and the power utilization load; and when the main switch circuit conducts the electric connection between the live wire and the electric load, the main switch circuit supplements charging with small current;
the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit is used for boosting the driving voltage of the power taking power MOS tube when the main switch circuit conducts the electric connection between the live wire and the power consumption load, so that the preset threshold voltage is smaller than the rated voltage, and dead time is preset to reduce the heating power consumption of the power taking power MOS tube and prevent overvoltage damage;
the wifi control circuit is used for receiving a user instruction, directly controlling or remotely controlling the on-off of a magnetic latching relay in the main switch circuit when the user instruction is received, so that the on-off control of the electric connection between the live wire and the power utilization load is realized, and the quick charging of the farad capacitor charging circuit can be recovered when the sudden power failure between the live wire and the power utilization load is recovered;
and the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit is used for supplying power to the farad capacitor charging circuit, the wifi control circuit, the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit and a magnetic latching relay in the main switch circuit.
The direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit comprises an off-state direct current voltage stabilizing circuit, wherein the off-state direct current voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a single-phase rectifier bridge BD2, an RC filter circuit, a photoelectric coupler OP1, a voltage stabilizing integrated chip Q4, a power MOS tube Q1 and a high-frequency transformer T1; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input end of the single-phase rectifier bridge BD2 is connected with the live wire and the input end of the power utilization load, and the output end of the single-phase rectifier bridge BD2 is connected with the input end of the RC filter circuit;
the output end of the RC filter circuit is connected with a coil in the primary winding of the high-frequency transformer T1, and the RC filter circuit comprises a filter resistor R1, an NTC thermistor RT and a filter capacitor C1, wherein the filter resistor R1 and the NTC thermistor RT are connected in series, and the filter capacitor C1 is connected between the filter resistor R1 and the thermistor RT in parallel;
the coil end in the primary winding of the high-frequency transformer T1 is connected with the drain electrode of the power MOS tube Q1, one coil in the secondary winding, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C7 form a positive feedback branch, the other coil is subjected to half-wave rectification by a diode D2 and voltage stabilization by the voltage stabilization integrated chip Q4, and v is outputinThe positive end and the ground end are respectively used as the positive input end and the grounding end of the farad capacitor charging circuit, and the ground end is communicated with the live wire;
the source electrode of the power MOS tube Q1 is connected with the input grounding end of the isolation switch power supply through a current-limiting resistor R5, the grid electrode is connected with the other end of the voltage-stabilizing integrated chip Q4 through the photoelectric coupler OP1, and the grid electrode is also reversely connected with a diode D1 with one end grounded.
The direct-current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit further comprises an on-state direct-current voltage stabilizing circuit, wherein the on-state direct-current voltage stabilizing circuit consists of a half-wave rectifier diode D16, current-limiting resistors R24 and R25, a filter capacitor C2 and a voltage stabilizing diode D6; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the negative end of the rectifier diode D16 is connected with the anode of a filter capacitor C2 and is connected with the anode of the farad capacitor C4 through current-limiting resistors R24 and R25, and the negative end of the filter capacitor C2 is grounded;
the negative end of the voltage stabilizing diode D6 is connected between the current limiting resistors R24 and R25, and the positive end is connected with the ground end of the rectification power supply Vcc 4.
The farad capacitor charging circuit comprises three parallel branches and a farad capacitor C4; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one of the three parallel branches is formed by a charge maintaining current resistor R45; one end of the charging maintaining current resistor R45 and the output v of the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuitinThe other end of the capacitor is connected with the positive end of the farad capacitor C4;
two of the three parallel branches are formed by a constant current sampling resistor R8, a PNP triode Q2, an NPN triode Q3, a diode D3, a diode D4, a bias resistor R9 and a bias resistor R10; one end of the constant current sampling resistor R8 and the output v of the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuitinThe other end of the PNP triode Q2 is connected with the emitter of the PNP triode Q2; the collector of the PNP triode Q2 is connected with the positive terminal of the farad capacitor C4, and the base of the PNP triode Q2 is connected with the collector of the NPN triode Q3 through the bias resistor R9; the emitting electrode of the NPN triode Q3 is grounded, and the base electrode of the NPN triode Q3 is connected with the wifi control circuit through the bias resistor R10; the diode D3 is connected with the diode D4 in a forward series manner, and the positive input end of the series connection is connected with vinThe serially connected negative output end is connected with the base electrode of the PNP triode Q2 and the bias resistor R9;
three of the three parallel branches are formed by a P-channel MOS transistor Q10 and a current-limiting resistor R46; the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q10 passes through the anode of the light emitting diode D23 and then is connected with the wifi control circuit through the cathode, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q10 is connected with the output v of the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuitinThe drain electrode is connected to the current limiting circuitThe resistor R46 is connected with the positive terminal of the farad capacitor C4;
the negative terminal of the farad capacitor C4 is connected to ground.
The pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit comprises a pulse boosting circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit and a dead-zone automatic adjusting circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the pulse booster circuit consists of an integrated operational amplifier U5A and a peripheral resistor; the non-inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier U5A is connected with a first output end C of a special integrated chip U6 in the dead zone automatic regulating circuit through a resistor R16, the inverting input end is connected with a power supply VCC5 through a resistor R15, a resistor R18 and a resistor R19 in series to divide voltage, and the output end is connected with the grid electrode of a power taking power MOS tube of the main switching circuit through a resistor R7;
the overvoltage protection circuit is formed by connecting a voltage-stabilizing diode D11, a resistor R14 and a resistor R13 in series; the midpoint of the resistor R14 and the resistor R13 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier U5A of the pulse booster circuit, and the other end of the voltage return difference control resistor R13 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier U5A of the pulse booster circuit;
the dead zone automatic adjusting circuit is a delay control circuit consisting of a triode Q9, a resistor R28, a capacitor C22, a capacitor C15, a diode D10, an integrated operational amplifier U5B and a special integrated chip U6; one end of the R28 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q9 and the first input end of the application specific integrated chip U6, and the other end is connected with the positive end of the capacitor C15; the negative end of the capacitor C15 is grounded, and the positive end of the capacitor C15 is connected with the output end of the integrated operational amplifier U5B through a resistor R20; the non-inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier U5B is connected with a midpoint between a resistor R18 and a resistor R19, and the inverting input end is connected with a connection point between a resistor R21 and the positive end of the diode D10; the negative end of the diode D10 is connected with the drain electrode of the power taking MOS tube of the main switch circuit; the other end of the resistor R21 is connected to a power supply Vcc 5.
The WiFi control circuit comprises a special integrated chip U6, a chip U7 in a WiFi module and peripheral elements thereof, and is further provided with a constant current charging closing circuit and a WiFi direct current supply voltage opening circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the resistors R34 and R33 are connected in series to form a voltage detection branch, the upper end of the voltage detection branch is connected with the positive end of a farad capacitor C4, the lower end of the voltage detection branch is connected with the grounding end of a capacitor C4, and the midpoint between the resistors R34 and R33 in the voltage detection branch is connected to the second input end of the special integrated chip U6;
the second in-phase output end A of the special integrated chip U6 is connected with the output control end of the voltage-stabilizing integrated chip U3, and the second anti-phase output end B is connected with the constant-current charging control turn-on end and the negative end of a resistor R10, and is connected with the grid electrode of an MOS tube Q6 which is turned off by the magnetic latching relay KA through a capacitor C16.
The wifi control circuit is further provided with a power-off shutdown circuit, and the power-off shutdown circuit comprises a diode D8, a voltage stabilizing diode D7, resistors R32, R43 and R30; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the resistor R32 is connected to a third input end of a special integrated chip U6 in the WiFi control circuit, and the other end of the resistor R32 is connected with a control end A-CTL of a chip U7 in the WiFi module;
the positive end of the diode D8 is connected to the third input end of the special integrated chip U6 in the wifi control circuit, and the negative end of the diode D8 is connected with the constant-current charging control end B of the special integrated chip U6 in the wifi control circuit;
the positive end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D7 is connected to a third input end of a special integrated chip U6 in the wifi control circuit through a resistor R43, the negative end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D7 is connected with a positive voltage output end Vcc4, and the third output end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D7 is connected with the grid electrode of an MOS tube Q6 of which the magnetic latching relay KA is switched off through a resistor R30 and a capacitor C16.
The main switch circuit is also provided with three thyristor switch control branches, and the three thyristor switch control branches comprise a first thyristor switch control branch, a second thyristor switch control branch and a third thyristor switch control branch; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first thyristor switch control branch comprises a bidirectional main thyristor BT1, photoelectric couplers OP1 and DZ51, a voltage regulator DZ52 and a bidirectional thyristor BT 5; the first anode of the bidirectional main thyristor BT1 is connected with the live wire, the second anode is connected with the first input end of the electric load, and the second anode is also connected with the gate pole through the bidirectional thyristor BT5, the photoelectric coupler OP1, the voltage regulator DZ51 and the voltage regulator DZ 52;
the second switch control branch comprises a bidirectional main thyristor BT2 and a photoelectric coupler OP 2; a first anode of the bidirectional main thyristor BT2 is connected with the live wire, a second anode of the bidirectional main thyristor BT2 is connected with a second input end of the electric load, and a gate of the bidirectional main thyristor BT2 is connected with the photoelectric coupler OP 2;
the third switch control branch comprises a bidirectional main thyristor BT3 and a photoelectric coupler OP 3; and a first anode of the bidirectional main thyristor BT3 is connected with the live wire, a second anode of the bidirectional main thyristor BT3 is connected with a third input end of the electric load, and a gate of the bidirectional main thyristor BT3 is connected with the photoelectric coupler OP 3.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the driving pulse booster circuit and the dead zone automatic regulating circuit are arranged in the pulse boosting and protecting regulating circuit, so that the conduction resistance of the power taking MOS tube and the heat productivity of the diode in the tube body can be obviously reduced, and the impact capacity of current is greatly improved; meanwhile, an overvoltage protection circuit is arranged in the pulse boosting and protecting regulation circuit, so that accidental overvoltage damage of the power-taking power MOS tube can be effectively prevented;
2. according to the invention, through scientific design of the farad capacitor charging circuit, the advantages of quick charging, approximately zero steady-state power consumption and no slight brightness and flicker of a 3W small lamp are realized;
3. the magnetic latching relay is arranged in the main switch circuit, so that the technical problem of realizing quick charging when power is supplied again after sudden power failure in an on state can be solved;
4. the invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable work, low cost, smaller quiescent current and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is within the scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-live-wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the main switching circuit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the DC voltage regulator circuit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of the farad capacitor charging circuit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of the pulse boosting and protection regulating circuit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of the wifi control circuit in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a WiFi module of the WiFi control circuit of FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a schematic circuit connection diagram of a three-way thyristor switch control branch provided in the main switch circuit in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, in an embodiment of the present invention, the single-live-wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit is disposed between a live wire Lin and an electric load S, and includes a main switch circuit 1, a farad capacitor charging circuit 2, a pulse boosting and protection adjusting circuit 3, a WIFI control circuit 4, and a direct-current WIFI voltage stabilizing circuit 5; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the main switch circuit 1 is connected in series between the live wire Lin and the electric load S, and is provided with two terminals (such as T0 and T1) for respectively connecting the live wire Lin and the electric load S, a magnetic latching relay K1 and an electric power taking MOS transistor Q7; the control end of the magnetic latching relay K1 is connected with the output end of the wifi control circuit 4; the source electrode of the power-taking power MOS tube Q7 is connected with a live wire Lin, the grid electrode is connected with the output end of the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit 3, and the drain electrode is also connected with the farad capacitor charging circuit 2, the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit 3, the wifi control circuit 4 and the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit 5, as shown in FIG. 2;
the farad capacitor charging circuit 2, the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit 3 and the wifi control circuit 4 are also respectively connected with a direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit 5;
the main switch circuit 1 is used for controlling the on-off of the power-taking power MOS tube Q7 through on-off control of a normally open contact of the magnetic latching relay KA when the wifi control circuit 4 receives a user instruction to control the magnetic latching relay KA to be powered on instantly, so that the on-off of the electric connection between the live wire Lin and the power-using load S is realized; and when the charging voltage of the farad capacitor charging circuit 2 reaches a preset voltage and the electric connection between the live wire Lin and the electric load S is conducted, the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit 5 is interrupted to carry out direct current constant current charging on the farad capacitor charging circuit 2, and the current is limited to maintain normal working current with small current;
the farad capacitor charging circuit 2 is used for carrying out direct current constant current charging by the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit 5 when the main switch circuit 1 cuts off the electric connection between the live wire Lin and the electric load S; when the main switch circuit 1 is connected with the live wire Lin and the electric load S, the charging is supplemented by low current;
the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit 3 is used for boosting the driving voltage of the power taking power MOS tube Q7 when the main switch circuit 1 conducts the electric connection between the fire Lin and the electric load S, so that the preset threshold voltage is smaller than the rated voltage, and dead time is preset to reduce the heating power consumption of the power taking power MOS tube Q7 and prevent overvoltage damage;
the wifi control circuit 4 is used for receiving a user instruction, and directly or remotely controlling the on-off of the magnetic latching relay KA in the main switch circuit 1 when the user instruction is received, so that the on-off control of the electric connection between the live wire Lin and the electric load S is realized, and the quick charging of the farad capacitor charging circuit 2 is recovered when the sudden power failure between the live wire Lin and the electric load S is recovered;
and the direct-current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit 5 is used for supplying power to the farad capacitor charging circuit 2, the wifi control circuit 4, the pulse boosting and protection adjusting circuit 3 and the magnetic latching relay KA in the main switch circuit 1.
In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 3, the dc wifi voltage stabilizing circuit 5 includes an off-state dc voltage stabilizing circuit and an on-state dc voltage stabilizing circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the off-state direct current voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a single-phase rectifier bridge BD2, an RC filter circuit, a photoelectric coupler OP1, a voltage stabilizing integrated chip Q4, a power MOS tube Q1 and a high-frequency transformer T1; the input end of the single-phase rectifier bridge BD2 is connected with the live wire Lin and the input end of the electric load S, and the output end of the single-phase rectifier bridge BD2 is connected with the input end of the RC filter circuit; the output end of the RC filter circuit is connected with a coil in a primary winding of a high-frequency transformer T1, and the RC filter circuit comprises a filter resistor R1, an NTC thermistor RT and a filter capacitor C1, wherein the filter resistor R1 and the NTC thermistor RT are connected in series, and the filter capacitor C1 is connected between the filter resistor R1 and the thermistor RT in parallel; the coil end in the primary winding of the high-frequency transformer T1 is connected with the drain of a power MOS tube Q1, one coil in the secondary winding, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C7 form a positive feedback branch, the other coil is stabilized by a diode D2 half-wave rectification and voltage stabilization integrated chip Q4, and v is outputinThe positive end and the ground end are respectively used as the positive input end and the grounding end of the farad capacitor charging circuit, and the ground end is communicated with the live wire; the source electrode of the power MOS tube Q1 is connected with the input grounding end of the isolation switch power supply through a current-limiting resistor R5, the grid electrode is connected with the other end of the voltage-stabilizing integrated chip Q4 through a photoelectric coupler OP1, and the grid electrode is also reversely connected with a diode D1 of which one end is grounded.
The on-state direct current voltage stabilizing circuit consists of a half-wave rectifier diode D16, current limiting resistors R24 and R25, a filter capacitor C2 and a voltage stabilizing diode D6; the negative end of the rectifier diode D16 is connected with the anode of a filter capacitor C2 and is connected with the anode of the farad capacitor C4 through current-limiting resistors R24 and R25, and the negative end of the filter capacitor C2 is grounded; the negative terminal of the zener diode D6 is connected between the current limiting resistors R24 and R25, and the positive terminal is connected to the ground terminal of the rectified power supply Vcc 4.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the farad capacitor charging circuit 2 includes three parallel branches and a farad capacitor C4; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one of the three parallel branches is formed by a charge maintaining current resistor R45; one end of the charging maintaining current resistor R45 and the output v of the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit 5inThe other end of the capacitor is connected with the positive end of a farad capacitor C4; (ii) a It should be said thatIt is clear that the charging current in the parallel branch maintains the resistor R45 fully for charging, so that there is no extra loss;
two of the three parallel branches are formed by a constant current sampling resistor R8, a PNP triode Q2, an NPN triode Q3, a diode D3, a diode D4, a bias resistor R9 and a bias resistor R10; wherein, one end of the constant current sampling resistor R8 and the output v of the DC wifi voltage stabilizing circuit 5inThe other end of the PNP triode is connected with an emitting electrode of a PNP triode Q2; the collector of the PNP triode Q2 is connected with the positive end of a farad capacitor C4, and the base of the PNP triode Q2 is connected with the collector of the NPN triode Q3 through a bias resistor R9; an emitting electrode of the NPN triode Q3 is grounded, and a base electrode of the NPN triode Q3 is connected with the wifi control circuit 4 through a bias resistor R10; the diode D3 and the diode D4 are connected in series in the forward direction, and the positive input end of the series connection is connected with vinThe serially connected negative output end is connected with the base of the PNP triode Q2 and the bias resistor R9; (ii) a It should be noted that the constant-current charging of the parallel branch has the advantages that the charging is faster and constant, the single-ended flyback switch power is not too high, and the constant-current circuit is automatically closed when the voltage reaches a set value, so that the zero-power consumption effect is achieved;
three of the three parallel branches are formed by a P-channel MOS transistor Q10 and a current-limiting resistor R46; the grid of the MOS tube Q10 is connected with the wifi control circuit 4 through the anode of the light emitting diode D23 and the cathode, and the source is connected with the output v of the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit 5inThe drain electrode is connected with the positive end of a farad capacitor C4 through a current-limiting resistor R46; it should be noted that the parallel branch can realize the function that the working current is larger when the network is distributed, the current requirement of the distribution network is completely met, and the power consumption of the distribution network is approximately zero;
the negative terminal of farad capacitor C4 is connected to ground.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the pulse boosting and protection adjusting circuit 3 includes a pulse boosting circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit, and a dead-zone automatic adjusting circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the pulse booster circuit consists of an integrated operational amplifier U5A and a peripheral resistor; the non-inverting input end (+) of the integrated operational amplifier U5A is connected with the first output end C of the special integrated chip U6 in the dead zone automatic regulating circuit through a resistor R16, the inverting input end (-) is connected with a power supply VCC5 through a resistor R15, a resistor R18 and a resistor R19 in series for voltage division, and the output end is connected with the grid electrode of a power taking power MOS tube Q7 of the main switch circuit 1 through a resistor R7; it should be noted that the pin of the inverting input (-) of the integrated operational amplifier U5A is set to 3V, and the input high level of the control circuit is 3.3V. The design has the advantages that when the 3.3V power supply is not established, no pulse is output, the heating of the power taking power MOS tube Q7 due to insufficient driving voltage is prevented, when the 3.3V power supply is input, the corresponding output voltage is 10V, the charging of the power taking power MOS tube Q7 is conducted, and the heating is not easy to occur;
the overvoltage protection circuit is formed by connecting a voltage-stabilizing diode D11, a resistor R14 and a resistor R13 in series; the midpoint of the resistor R14 and the resistor R13 is connected to the non-inverting input end (+) of the integrated operational amplifier U5A of the pulse booster circuit, and the other end of the voltage return difference control resistor R13 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier U5A of the pulse booster circuit; it should be noted that when the input voltage is greater than the rated voltage, VCC5 outputs a high level, and the power-taking MOS transistor Q7 is turned on to ensure that accidental overvoltage is not damaged, and the resistors R13, R14 and R16 form a return difference voltage control, and do not frequently operate;
the dead zone automatic adjusting circuit is a delay control circuit consisting of a triode Q9, a resistor R28, a capacitor C22, a capacitor C15, a diode D10, an integrated operational amplifier U5B and a special integrated chip U6; one end of the R28 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q9 and the first input end of the application-specific integrated chip U6, and the other end is connected with the positive end of the capacitor C15; the negative end of the capacitor C15 is grounded, and the positive end of the capacitor C15 is connected with the output end of the integrated operational amplifier U5B through a resistor R20; the non-inverting input end (+) of the integrated operational amplifier U5B is connected with the midpoint between the resistor R18 and the resistor R19, and the inverting input end (+) is connected with the connection point between the resistor R21 and the positive end of the diode D10; the negative end of the diode D10 is connected with the drain of a power-taking power MOS tube Q7 of the main switch circuit 1; the other end of the resistor R21 is connected to a power supply Vcc 5. It should be noted that the negative terminal output K of the diode D10 is a positive value or approximately zero most of the time; at this time, the internal resistance of the power taking MOS transistor Q7 is small, the voltage drop is approximately zero, and the pin 5 of the non-inverting input end (+) of the integrated operational amplifier U5B is about 0.3V, so that the output is zero in most of time, when dead zones occur (the diode inside the power taking MOS transistor Q7 is conducted), the pin 7 of the output end of the integrated operational amplifier U5B is positive, the dead zone is larger, the average voltage on the capacitor C15 is larger, the discharging of the capacitor C22 through the resistor R28 is slower, and the delay time is longer. The dead zone is less than 0.5ms, so that the influence of the ionization number of elements such as resistors, triodes and the like is small, and the dead zone is kept less than 0.5ms for 50HZ and 60 HZ;
in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the WiFi control circuit 4 includes a dedicated integrated chip U6, a chip U7 in the WiFi module, and peripheral elements thereof, and the WiFi control circuit 4 is further provided with a constant current charging shutdown circuit and a WiFi direct current supply voltage startup circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the resistors R34 and R33 are connected in series to form a voltage detection branch, the upper end of the voltage detection branch is connected with the positive end of a farad capacitor C4, the lower end of the voltage detection branch is connected with the grounding end of a capacitor C4, and the midpoint between the resistors R34 and R33 in the voltage detection branch is connected to the second input end of the special integrated chip U6;
the second in-phase output end A of the special integrated chip U6 is connected with the output control end of the voltage-stabilizing integrated chip U3, and the second anti-phase output end B is connected with the constant-current charging control turn-on end and the negative end of a resistor R10, and is connected with the grid electrode of an MOS tube Q6 which is turned off by the magnetic latching relay KA through a capacitor C16.
Meanwhile, the wifi control circuit 4 is further provided with a power-off shutdown circuit 6, and the power-off shutdown circuit 6 comprises a diode D8, a voltage stabilizing diode D7, and resistors R32, R43 and R30; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the resistor R32 is connected to a third input end of a special integrated chip U6 in the WiFi control circuit 4, and the other end of the resistor R32 is connected with a control end A-CTL of a chip U7 in the WiFi module;
the positive end of the diode D8 is connected to the third input end of the special integrated chip U6 in the wifi control circuit 4, and the negative end of the diode D8 is connected with the constant-current charging control end B of the special integrated chip U6 in the wifi control circuit;
the positive end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D7 is connected to the third input end of a special integrated chip U6 in the wifi control circuit 4 through a resistor R43, the negative end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D7 is connected with a positive voltage output end Vcc4, and the third output end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D7 is connected with the grid of an MOS tube Q6 which is turned off by the magnetic latching relay KA through a resistor R30 and a capacitor C16.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the main switch circuit 1 is further provided with three thyristor switch control branches, where the three thyristor switch control branches include a first thyristor switch control branch, a second thyristor switch control branch, and a third thyristor switch control branch; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first thyristor switch control branch comprises a bidirectional main thyristor BT1, photoelectric couplers OP1 and DZ51, a voltage regulator DZ52 and a bidirectional thyristor BT 5; the first anode of the bidirectional main thyristor BT1 is connected with a live wire Lin, the second anode is connected with the first input end of an electric load S, and the second anode is also connected with a gate pole through a bidirectional thyristor BT5, a photoelectric coupler OP1, a voltage regulator DZ51 and a voltage regulator DZ 52;
the second switch control branch comprises a bidirectional main thyristor BT2 and a photoelectric coupler OP 2; a first anode of the bidirectional main thyristor BT2 is connected with a live wire Lin, a second anode of the bidirectional main thyristor BT2 is connected with a second input end of the electric load S, and a gate of the bidirectional main thyristor BT2 is connected with a photoelectric coupler OP 2;
the third switch control branch comprises a bidirectional main thyristor BT3 and a photoelectric coupler OP 3; the first anode of the bidirectional main thyristor BT3 is connected with a live wire Lin, the second anode of the bidirectional main thyristor BT3 is connected with the third input end of the electric load S, and the gate of the bidirectional main thyristor BT3 is connected with a photoelectric coupler OP 3.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the driving pulse booster circuit and the dead zone automatic regulating circuit are arranged in the pulse boosting and protecting regulating circuit, so that the conduction resistance of the power taking MOS tube and the heat productivity of the diode in the tube body can be obviously reduced, and the impact capacity of current is greatly improved; meanwhile, an overvoltage protection circuit is arranged in the pulse boosting and protecting regulation circuit, so that accidental overvoltage damage of the power-taking power MOS tube can be effectively prevented;
2. according to the invention, through scientific design of the farad capacitor charging circuit, the advantages of quick charging, approximately zero steady-state power consumption and no slight brightness and flicker of a 3W small lamp are realized;
3. the magnetic latching relay is arranged in the main switch circuit, so that the technical problem of realizing quick charging when power is supplied again after sudden power failure in an on state can be solved;
4. the invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable work, low cost, smaller quiescent current and the like.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A single-live-wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit is arranged between a live wire and an electric load and is characterized by comprising a main switch circuit, a farad capacitor charging circuit, a pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit, a WIFI control circuit and a direct-current WIFI voltage stabilizing circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the main switch circuit is connected in series between the live wire and the electric load, and two wiring terminals, a magnetic latching relay and an electric power taking MOS tube which are used for respectively connecting the live wire and the electric load are arranged on the main switch circuit; the control end of the magnetic latching relay is connected with the output end of the wifi control circuit; the source electrode of the power taking MOS tube is connected with the live wire, the grid electrode of the power taking MOS tube is connected with the output end of the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit, and the drain electrode of the power taking MOS tube is also connected with the farad capacitor charging circuit, the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit, the wifi control circuit and the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit;
the farad capacitor charging circuit, the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit and the wifi control circuit are also respectively connected with the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit;
the main switch circuit is used for controlling the on/off of the power taking MOS tube through on/off control of a normally open contact of the magnetic latching relay when the wifi control circuit receives a user instruction to control the instantaneous power on of the magnetic latching relay, so that the electric connection between the live wire and the power load is realized; when the charging voltage of the farad capacitor charging circuit reaches a preset voltage and the electric connection between the live wire and the electric load is conducted, the direct-current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit is interrupted to carry out direct-current constant-current charging on the farad capacitor charging circuit, and the current is limited to maintain normal working current with small current;
the farad capacitor charging circuit is used for performing direct current constant current charging through the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit when the main switch circuit cuts off the electric connection between the live wire and the power utilization load; and when the main switch circuit conducts the electric connection between the live wire and the electric load, the main switch circuit supplements charging with small current;
the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit is used for boosting the driving voltage of the power taking power MOS tube when the main switch circuit conducts the electric connection between the live wire and the power consumption load, so that the preset threshold voltage is smaller than the rated voltage, and dead time is preset to reduce the heating power consumption of the power taking power MOS tube and prevent overvoltage damage;
the wifi control circuit is used for receiving a user instruction, directly controlling or remotely controlling the on-off of a magnetic latching relay in the main switch circuit when the user instruction is received, so that the on-off control of the electric connection between the live wire and the power utilization load is realized, and the quick charging of the farad capacitor charging circuit can be recovered when the sudden power failure between the live wire and the power utilization load is recovered;
and the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuit is used for supplying power to the farad capacitor charging circuit, the wifi control circuit, the pulse boosting and protecting adjusting circuit and a magnetic latching relay in the main switch circuit.
2. The single-live wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit of claim 1, wherein the direct current WIFI voltage stabilizing circuit comprises an off-state direct current voltage stabilizing circuit, the off-state direct current voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a single-phase rectifier bridge BD2, an RC filter circuit, a photoelectric coupler OP1, a voltage stabilizing integrated chip Q4, a power MOS tube Q1 and a high-frequency transformer T1; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the input end of the single-phase rectifier bridge BD2 is connected with the live wire and the input end of the power utilization load, and the output end of the single-phase rectifier bridge BD2 is connected with the input end of the RC filter circuit;
the output end of the RC filter circuit is connected with a coil in the primary winding of the high-frequency transformer T1, and the RC filter circuit comprises a filter resistor R1, an NTC thermistor RT and a filter capacitor C1, wherein the filter resistor R1 and the NTC thermistor RT are connected in series, and the filter capacitor C1 is connected between the filter resistor R1 and the thermistor RT in parallel;
a coil end in a primary winding of the high-frequency transformer T1 is connected with a drain electrode of the power MOS tube Q1, one coil in the secondary winding, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C7 form a positive feedback branch, the other coil is subjected to half-wave rectification by a diode D2 and voltage stabilization by the voltage stabilization integrated chip Q4, an output vin positive end and a ground end are respectively used as a positive input end and a ground end of the farad capacitor charging circuit, and the ground end is communicated with the live wire;
the source electrode of the power MOS tube Q1 is connected with the input grounding end of the isolation switch power supply through a current-limiting resistor R5, the grid electrode is connected with the other end of the voltage-stabilizing integrated chip Q4 through the photoelectric coupler OP1, and the grid electrode is also reversely connected with a diode D1 with one end grounded.
3. The single-live-wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit of claim 1, wherein the direct current WIFI voltage stabilizing circuit further comprises an on-state direct current voltage stabilizing circuit, and the on-state direct current voltage stabilizing circuit is composed of a half-wave rectifier diode D16, current limiting resistors R24 and R25, a filter capacitor C2 and a voltage stabilizing diode D6; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the negative end of the rectifier diode D16 is connected with the anode of a filter capacitor C2 and is connected with the anode of the farad capacitor C4 through current-limiting resistors R24 and R25, and the negative end of the filter capacitor C2 is grounded;
the negative end of the voltage stabilizing diode D6 is connected between the current limiting resistors R24 and R25, and the positive end is connected with the ground end of the rectification power supply Vcc 4.
4. The single-live-wire micropower WIFI wall switch circuit of claim 3, wherein the farad capacitor charging circuit comprises three parallel branches and a farad capacitor C4; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one of the three parallel branches is formed by a charge maintaining current resistor R45; one end of the charging maintaining current resistor R45 and the output v of the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuitinThe other end of the capacitor is connected with the positive end of the farad capacitor C4;
two of the three parallel branches are sampled by constant currentThe circuit comprises a resistor R8, a PNP triode Q2, an NPN triode Q3, a diode D3, a diode D4, a bias resistor R9 and a bias resistor R10; one end of the constant current sampling resistor R8 and the output v of the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuitinThe other end of the PNP triode Q2 is connected with the emitter of the PNP triode Q2; the collector of the PNP triode Q2 is connected with the positive terminal of the farad capacitor C4, and the base of the PNP triode Q2 is connected with the collector of the NPN triode Q3 through the bias resistor R9; the emitting electrode of the NPN triode Q3 is grounded, and the base electrode of the NPN triode Q3 is connected with the wifi control circuit through the bias resistor R10; the diode D3 is connected with the diode D4 in a forward series manner, and the positive input end of the series connection is connected with vinThe serially connected negative output end is connected with the base electrode of the PNP triode Q2 and the bias resistor R9;
three of the three parallel branches are formed by a P-channel MOS transistor Q10 and a current-limiting resistor R46; the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q10 passes through the anode of the light emitting diode D23 and then is connected with the wifi control circuit through the cathode, and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q10 is connected with the output v of the direct current wifi voltage stabilizing circuitinThe drain electrode is connected with the positive terminal of the farad capacitor C4 through the current limiting resistor R46;
the negative terminal of the farad capacitor C4 is connected to ground.
5. The single-live-wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit of claim 4, wherein the pulse boosting and protection regulating circuit comprises a pulse boosting circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit and a dead-zone automatic regulating circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the pulse booster circuit consists of an integrated operational amplifier U5A and a peripheral resistor; the non-inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier U5A is connected with a first output end C of a special integrated chip U6 in the dead zone automatic regulating circuit through a resistor R16, the inverting input end is connected with a power supply VCC5 through a resistor R15, a resistor R18 and a resistor R19 in series to divide voltage, and the output end is connected with the grid electrode of a power taking power MOS tube of the main switching circuit through a resistor R7;
the overvoltage protection circuit is formed by connecting a voltage-stabilizing diode D11, a resistor R14 and a resistor R13 in series; the midpoint of the resistor R14 and the resistor R13 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier U5A of the pulse booster circuit, and the other end of the voltage return difference control resistor R13 is connected to the output end of the integrated operational amplifier U5A of the pulse booster circuit;
the dead zone automatic adjusting circuit is a delay control circuit consisting of a triode Q9, a resistor R28, a capacitor C22, a capacitor C15, a diode D10, an integrated operational amplifier U5B and a special integrated chip U6; one end of the R28 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q9 and the first input end of the application specific integrated chip U6, and the other end is connected with the positive end of the capacitor C15; the negative end of the capacitor C15 is grounded, and the positive end of the capacitor C15 is connected with the output end of the integrated operational amplifier U5B through a resistor R20; the non-inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier U5B is connected with a midpoint between a resistor R18 and a resistor R19, and the inverting input end is connected with a connection point between a resistor R21 and the positive end of the diode D10; the negative end of the diode D10 is connected with the drain electrode of the power taking MOS tube of the main switch circuit; the other end of the resistor R21 is connected to a power supply Vcc 5.
6. The single-live-wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit is characterized in that the WIFI control circuit comprises a special integrated chip U6, a chip U7 in a WiFi module and peripheral elements thereof, and is further provided with a constant-current charging closing circuit and a WIFI direct-current power supply voltage opening circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the resistors R34 and R33 are connected in series to form a voltage detection branch, the upper end of the voltage detection branch is connected with the positive end of a farad capacitor C4, the lower end of the voltage detection branch is connected with the grounding end of a capacitor C4, and the midpoint between the resistors R34 and R33 in the voltage detection branch is connected to the second input end of the special integrated chip U6;
the second in-phase output end A of the special integrated chip U6 is connected with the output control end of the voltage-stabilizing integrated chip U3, and the second reverse-phase output end B is connected with the constant-current charging control turn-on end and the negative end of the resistor R10.
7. The single-live-wire micro-power-consumption WIFI wall switch circuit is characterized in that the WIFI control circuit is further provided with a power-off shutdown circuit, and the power-off shutdown circuit comprises a diode D8, a voltage stabilizing diode D7 and resistors R32, R43 and R30; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of the resistor R32 is connected to a third input end of a special integrated chip U6 in the WiFi control circuit, and the other end of the resistor R32 is connected with a control end A-CTL of a chip U7 in the WiFi control circuit;
the positive end of the diode D8 is connected to the third input end of the special integrated chip U6 in the wifi control circuit, and the negative end of the diode D8 is connected with the constant-current charging control end B of the special integrated chip U6 in the wifi control circuit;
the positive end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D7 is connected to the third input end of a special integrated chip U6 in the wifi control circuit through a resistor R43, and the negative end of the voltage-stabilizing diode D7 is connected with a positive voltage output end Vcc 4; the third output end is connected with the grid electrode of a MOS transistor Q6 of the magnetic latching relay KA through a resistor R30 and a capacitor C16.
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