CN114122459A - Hydrogen power battery system - Google Patents

Hydrogen power battery system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114122459A
CN114122459A CN202111286760.XA CN202111286760A CN114122459A CN 114122459 A CN114122459 A CN 114122459A CN 202111286760 A CN202111286760 A CN 202111286760A CN 114122459 A CN114122459 A CN 114122459A
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battery
hydrogen
storage tank
oxidant
anode
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祁原深
谢红波
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Guangdong Israel Institute Of Technology
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Guangdong Israel Institute Of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and discloses a hydrogen power battery system which comprises a battery body, a hydrogen storage tank, an oxidant storage tank, an output conversion module and a control system, wherein an output positive electrode and an output negative electrode are arranged on the output conversion module, the battery body comprises a battery shell, a battery positive electrode and a battery negative electrode, the battery negative electrode comprises a negative electrode baseband and a hydrogen storage material, the battery positive electrode comprises a positive electrode baseband and a conducting strip, alkaline electrolyte is filled in the battery shell, the hydrogen storage tank is communicated with the battery negative electrode through a pipeline, and the oxidant storage tank is communicated with the battery positive electrode through a pipeline. The control system controls the hydrogen storage tank and the oxidant storage tank to convey hydrogen and the oxidant into the cell body, so that the cell is in a charged state and can supply power continuously to the outside, the cell is supplied with power continuously by adding fuel, the charging time is saved, and meanwhile, precious metal is not needed to be used as a catalyst on the cell, so that the application cost of the cell on a new energy vehicle is reduced.

Description

Hydrogen power battery system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a hydrogen power battery system.
Background
Along with the popularization of the concept of environmental protection, the demand of people on clean new energy is gradually increased, and the development of new energy automobiles to reduce carbon emission is one of important measures for environmental protection. Most of the existing new energy automobiles adopt lithium ion batteries, and the lithium ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density, high power and the like, but the lithium ion batteries used in the new energy automobiles have the following problems: (1) the automobile has weak cruising ability and needs to be charged at any time; (2) the charging time is long, and the time for charging once is at least more than 3 hours; (3) the endurance mileage is seriously shrunk in a low-temperature environment, and based on the points, the lithium ion battery brings obstruction to the popularization and the promotion of new energy automobiles.
The fuel cell can make up for the defects of the lithium ion battery, and the fuel cell takes hydrogen as an energy source, and chemical energy is directly converted into electric energy through the reaction of the hydrogen and the hydrogen on a catalyst to generate pollution-free water. The hydrogen fuel cell is used as a power source, so that the new energy automobile can quickly supplement energy by hydrogenation like a fuel oil automobile, and the energy supplement is similar to that of gasoline. However, the fuel cell has the following problems: (1) high-purity platinum is required to be used as a catalyst, platinum is a rare precious metal, the price is high, the earth reserves are small, the reserves are only 7 ten thousand tons in the world, and the platinum is not suitable for being used in the industry on a large scale; (2) the fuel cell has no function of storing electric quantity, and an additional secondary cell system is needed in the using process, so that the cost is high, and the popularization and the application of the fuel cell are seriously restricted. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a novel battery system to solve the problems of long charging time and high application cost when the lithium ion battery and the fuel battery are applied to a new energy automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the utility model provides a hydrogen power battery system to solve the problem that the battery among the prior art charges for a long time, uses with high costsly when using on new energy automobile.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hydrogen power battery system, which includes a battery body, a hydrogen storage tank, an oxidant storage tank, an output conversion module and a control system, wherein the control system is in signal connection with the hydrogen storage tank, the oxidant storage tank and the output conversion module respectively, the output conversion module is electrically connected with the battery body, an output positive electrode and an output negative electrode for transmitting electricity to the outside are arranged on the output conversion module, the battery body includes a battery housing, a battery positive electrode and a battery negative electrode, the battery negative electrode includes a negative electrode baseband and a hydrogen storage material arranged on the negative electrode baseband, the battery positive electrode includes a positive electrode baseband and a conducting strip arranged on the positive electrode baseband, the battery positive electrode and the battery negative electrode are separated by a diaphragm, and the battery housing is filled with an alkaline electrolyte, the hydrogen storage tank is communicated with the battery cathode through a pipeline, and the oxidant storage tank is communicated with the battery anode through a pipeline.
Preferably, the hydrogen storage material comprises at least one of hydrogen storage alloy, carbon nano-meter and graphene.
Preferably, the conductive sheet is further provided with nickel hydroxide and a conductive agent, and the nickel hydroxide and the conductive agent are fixed on the conductive sheet through an adhesive.
Preferably, the conductive agent comprises conductive carbon, graphite, cobaltous oxide and nickel powder.
Preferably, the concentration of the alkaline electrolyte is 5-11 mol/L.
Preferably, the membrane is arranged with two layers with a gel arranged between the two layers of the membrane.
Preferably, a permeable membrane is arranged on one side of the battery anode, which is far away from the battery cathode, and the permeable membrane is attached to the battery anode.
Preferably, the anode oxidant in the oxidant storage tank comprises oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid and ozone.
Preferably, a water outlet is further arranged at the bottom of the battery shell, a semi-permeable membrane only allowing water molecules to pass through is further arranged on the water outlet, and a water discharge valve is connected to the water outlet.
Preferably, the battery body is arranged two sets of, two sets of the battery body all with the output conversion module electricity is connected, hydrogen storage jar and two sets of the battery body communicates respectively, oxidant storage jar and two sets of the battery body communicates respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen power battery system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the battery cathode is formed by a cathode base band and a hydrogen storage material, alkaline electrolyte is filled in a battery shell, the hydrogen storage material can absorb hydrogen at normal temperature to form MH alloy, the alloy has a potential of-0.8V in alkaline solution, an oxidant has a positive electrode potential in the alkaline solution during discharging, so that the battery body transmits electricity to the outside through an output conversion module, the hydrogen storage tank and the oxidant storage tank are controlled by a control system to convey hydrogen and the oxidant to the battery body, the battery is in a charged state and can supply power to the outside continuously, the battery is supplied with power continuously by adding fuel, charging time is omitted, precious metal is not needed on the battery as a catalyst, and the application cost of the battery on a new energy vehicle is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen-powered battery system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a battery body of the hydrogen power battery system of fig. 1.
In the figure, 1, a hydrogen storage tank; 2. an oxidant storage tank; 3. an output conversion module; 31. outputting a positive electrode; 32. outputting a negative electrode; 4. a control system; 5. a battery body; 51. a battery case; 52. a hydrogen inlet; 53. a battery negative electrode; 54. a diaphragm; 55. a battery positive electrode; 56. soaking the membrane; 57. an oxidant inlet; 58. a water outlet; 581. a semi-permeable membrane; 59. a drain valve; 6. a pipeline; 7. adjusting a valve; 8. a pressure reducing valve; 9. a pressure gauge; 10. and a water discharge pipe.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the hydrogen power battery system of the present invention includes a battery body 5, a hydrogen storage tank 1, an oxidant storage tank 2, an output conversion module 3 and a control system 4, wherein the output conversion module 3 is electrically connected to the battery body 5, an output positive electrode 31 and an output negative electrode 32 are disposed on the output module for transmitting electricity to the outside, and the output conversion module 3 is configured to transform the amount of electricity generated by the battery body 5 and transmit the amount of electricity to a power-consuming device through the output positive electrode 31 and the output negative electrode 32.
The hydrogen storage tank 1 is communicated with the battery cathode 53 through a pipeline 6, the oxidant storage tank 2 is communicated with the battery anode 55 through a pipeline 6, and the control system 4 is in signal connection with the hydrogen storage tank 1, the oxidant storage tank 2 and the output conversion module 3 respectively. The control system 4 can control the transmission rate of hydrogen and oxidant from the hydrogen storage tank 1 and the oxidant storage tank 2 to the cell body 5, and control the output power of the output conversion module 3.
The battery body 5 comprises a battery shell 51, a battery anode 55 and a battery cathode 53, the battery shell 51 is of a cuboid structure, the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 are spaced to the inside of the battery body 5 along the up-down direction, the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 are parallel to each other, the battery cathode 53 is positioned on the upper side of the battery anode 55, a hydrogen inlet 52 is formed in the top of the battery shell 51, an oxidant inlet 57 is formed in the bottom of the battery shell 51, the hydrogen storage tank 1 is communicated with the hydrogen inlet 52 through a pipeline 6, the oxidant storage tank 2 is communicated with the oxidant inlet 57 through a pipeline 6, a regulating valve 7 is uniformly arranged on each pipeline 6, a control system 4 is connected with the regulating valve 7 through a control line, so as to control the opening degree of the regulating valve 7, further control the oxidant and the flow rate of the hydrogen.
The battery negative electrode 53 includes a negative electrode base tape and a hydrogen storage material disposed on the negative electrode base tape. The hydrogen storage material is generally formed of a plurality of rare earth elements or carbon materials, represented by M, which can absorb hydrogen gas at normal temperature to form an MH alloy, and has a potential of-0.8V in an alkaline solution (e.g., sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution).
The battery anode 55 includes an anode base band and a conducting strip, the conducting strip is disposed on the anode base band, the conducting strip is used for conducting electrons, the anode base band and the cathode base band play a bearing role, the cathode base band is usually made of copper mesh, foamed nickel, steel strips and the like, and the anode base band is usually made of foamed nickel, steel strips and the like.
The battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 are separated by the diaphragm 54, the battery shell 51 is filled with alkaline electrolyte, and the diaphragm 54 separates the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53, so that the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 are prevented from being in direct contact, and the short circuit phenomenon is avoided. The battery cathode 53, the battery anode 55 and the diaphragm 54 are all arranged in the alkaline electrolyte, and the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 transmit electrons through the alkaline electrolyte to achieve the purpose of current flowing.
The hydrogen storage tank 1 is also provided with a pressure reducing valve 8 and a pressure gauge 9, the pressure reducing valve 8 and the pressure gauge 9 are both in signal connection with the control system 4, and the pressure in the electric appliance body is fed back to the control system 4 through the pressure gauge 9 to control the regulating valve 7.
The hydrogen storage material produces a negative potential in the alkaline electrolyte and the oxidant produces a positive potential in the alkaline electrolyte. When the battery anode 55 adopts nickel hydroxide as an active substance and the oxidant adopts hydrogen peroxide, the reaction principle of the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 is as follows,
the charging reaction is as follows:
negative electrode 2M + H2＝2MH；
And (3) positive electrode: 2Ni (OH)2+H2O2＝2NiOOH+2H2O；
The reaction to the external discharge is:
negative electrode MH + OH－＝H2O+M+e；
Positive electrode NiOOH + H2O＝Ni(OH)2+OH—e。
As can be seen from the above reaction, the actual total reaction is H2+H2O2＝2H2Namely, the added hydrogen reacts with hydrogen peroxide to generate electric energy.
Under the action of oxidant, nickel hydroxide will produce nickel oxyhydroxide, which has 0.4V potential in alkali solution. When the voltage of the battery is more than or equal to 1.4V/cell, the battery is considered to be fully charged, and when the voltage of the battery is less than or equal to 0.9V/cell, the battery is considered to be dead.
When the battery positive electrode 55 is made of a metal material and is not coated with a nickel hydroxide active material, the battery positive electrode 55 has no active material, no reaction occurs during charging, when the voltage of the battery is greater than or equal to 0.8V/monomer, the battery is considered to be fully charged, and when the voltage of the battery is less than or equal to 0.5V/monomer, the battery is considered to have no electric quantity. The principle during discharging is as follows:
and (3) positive electrode: o is2+H2O＝OH—e；
Negative electrode: MH + OH－＝H2O+M+e。
The battery system does not need external charging, but adopts a mode of adding fuel to enable the battery system to be in a charged state, can continuously supply power to the outside, and has no interval in the middle. In the actual use process, the system is divided into two independent spaces, the two spaces are separated by a diaphragm 54, hydrogen is injected into the space on the negative electrode side, and an oxidant is added on the positive electrode side, so that the system is electrified, the charging time is saved, and meanwhile, precious metals are not needed to be used as catalysts on the battery, so that the application cost of the battery on a new energy vehicle is reduced.
Preferably, the hydrogen storage material comprises at least one of hydrogen storage alloy, carbon nano-meter and graphene.
The hydrogen storage material absorbs hydrogen gas at normal temperature to form MH alloy, and has a potential of-0.8V in alkaline solution (such as sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution). The hydrogen storage alloy, the carbon nano-material and the graphene are used as common hydrogen storage materials, the technology is mature, and the stability of the generated voltage is good.
Preferably, the conductive sheet is further provided with nickel hydroxide and a conductive agent, and the nickel hydroxide and the conductive agent are fixed on the conductive sheet through an adhesive.
The conductive agent can increase the circulation of electric quantity and reduce the electric quantity loss. Nickel hydroxide forms the active agent of the battery anode 55, which reacts with the oxidant in the alkaline electrolyte during charging to produce nickel peroxide and electrons, creating an electric potential; and nickel hydroxide is used as an active agent to increase the potential of the battery positive electrode 55, thereby increasing the capacity of the battery system.
Preferably, the conductive agent comprises conductive carbon, graphite, cobaltous oxide, nickel powder.
The conductive agent has the functions of increasing the electric quantity circulation of the battery anode 55 and reducing the electric quantity loss, and the conductive carbon, the graphite, the cobaltous oxide and the nickel powder have good conductive effect as the conductive agent.
In this embodiment, the binder is made of CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose), PTFE (Poly tetra fluoroethylene polytetrafluoroethylene), SBR (Styrene-butadiene rubber), or the like.
Preferably, the concentration of the alkaline electrolyte is 5 to 11 mol/L.
The alkaline electrolyte solution having a concentration of 5 to 11mol/L has a high reaction efficiency, and in this example, the optimum concentration of the alkaline electrolyte solution is 7 mol/L. The alkaline electrolyte may be a sodium hydroxide solution, a potassium hydroxide solution, or the like.
Preferably, the membrane 54 is arranged in two layers with the gel disposed between the two layers of membrane 54.
The diaphragm 54 is used for isolating the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53, so as to avoid the occurrence of short circuit; the separator 54 also functions to store the alkaline electrolyte, and to transfer electrons using the alkaline electrolyte for the purpose of current flow.
The main components of the separator 54 include PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), etc., the gel is PVA (poly isopropyl alcohol) gel, the gel can isolate the gas flow between the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53, the hydrogen of the battery cathode 53 cannot diffuse to the battery anode 55, the hydrogen of the battery anode 55 cannot diffuse to the battery cathode 53, and the gel can increase the isolation effect of the separator 54.
Preferably, a permeable membrane 56 is further disposed on a side of the battery anode 55 facing away from the battery cathode 53, and the permeable membrane 56 is disposed adjacent to the battery anode 55.
The permeable membrane 56 is made of alkali-resistant and water-absorbent fiber products, such as PP (polypropylene) and PE (polyethylene). The permeable membrane 56 is an alkali-resistant limiting material and is used for the battery anode 55, one surface of the battery anode 55 is attached to the diaphragm 54, the other surface is attached to the permeable membrane 56, an oxidant is dropped on the permeable membrane 56, and the permeable membrane 56 can permeate the oxidant to the whole battery anode 55, so that nickel hydroxide on the battery anode 55 is oxidized into nickel oxyhydroxide.
Preferably, the anode oxidant in the oxidant storage tank 2 comprises oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid and ozone.
Oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid and ozone are used as the oxidant, so that the activity is high, the preparation is convenient, and the cost of the oxidant is low.
Preferably, a water discharge port 58 is further disposed at the bottom of the battery case, a semi-permeable membrane 581 through which only water molecules pass is further disposed on the water discharge port 58, and a water discharge valve 59 is connected to the water discharge port 58.
The drain port 58 is provided with the drain pipe 10, and the drain valve 59 is installed at the top end of the drain pipe 10. The semi-permeable membrane 581 has an ion blocking function, and only water molecules can pass through the semi-permeable membrane, while other ions cannot pass through the semi-permeable membrane, so that the loss of alkaline electrolyte is avoided. Materials for the semi-permeable membrane 581 include poly-ammonium-bis-sulfonate membranes and the like.
Water is generated by the overall reaction of the battery body 5, and the generated water can be discharged through the water discharge port 58, thereby ensuring the concentration of the alkaline electrolyte in the battery body 5. The semi-permeable membrane 581 is mainly used for discharging water reacted in a battery system in time, and since the amount of generated water is small, pressure is not required for discharging the water, only the function of enabling the water to permeate to the outside by the semi-permeable membrane 581 is needed, the water can be evaporated in the air by permeating to the outside, and the water is discharged by the concentration difference between the outside and the inside of the system.
The drain port 58 and the semi-permeable membrane 581 provided thereon are disposed at the bottom of the cell body 5, and the alkaline electrolyte in the cell body 5 has a certain weight and a certain pressure against the membrane, so that water can slowly permeate to the outside. Meanwhile, the alkaline electrolyte is in an excessive state in the cell body 5, which is mainly stored in the separator 54, the cell cathode 53, and the cell anode 55, but a part of the alkaline electrolyte is stored in the bottom of the cell body 5, and water is generated in the cell system during charge and discharge, and is accumulated in the bottom of the cell system to apply pressure to the semi-permeable membrane 581, so that the water is volatilized after permeating through the semi-permeable membrane 581.
Since the amount of water generated is small, the water permeates the outer surface of the semipermeable membrane 581 due to the pressure of the alkaline electrolyte and the water, and evaporates in the air, and the water is discharged due to the concentration difference between the outer surface of the semipermeable membrane 581 and the inside of the battery body 5.
Preferably, the two sets of cell bodies 5 are arranged, the two sets of cell bodies 5 are electrically connected with the output conversion module 3, the hydrogen storage tank 1 is respectively communicated with the two sets of cell bodies 5, and the oxidant storage tank 2 is respectively communicated with the two sets of cell bodies 5.
The battery body 5 has two groups, which can play a role of one for use. Two groups of battery bodies 5 are defined as a battery a and a battery B respectively, after the electric quantity of the battery a is reduced, the control system 4 can control the hydrogen storage tank 1 and the oxidant storage tank 2 to supplement hydrogen and oxidant into the battery a for charging, and simultaneously control the battery B to be electrically connected with the output conversion module 3 for stable power output.
Regulating valves 7 are respectively arranged on pipelines 6 for connecting the battery A and the battery B with the hydrogen storage tank 1 and the oxidant storage tank 2, and the control system 4 adjusts the connection condition of the battery A and the battery B with the hydrogen storage tank 1 and the oxidant storage tank 2 by controlling the states of the regulating valves 7.
The control system 4 comprises a valve control center, the valve control center collects and outputs switching information of a battery A and a battery B of the control module through a PLC program to control the opening and closing of the regulating valve 7 and the drain valve 59, when the battery B outputs power, the regulating valve 7 of the battery A is opened, the drain valve 59 is closed, and the battery A supplements energy; when the battery A outputs power, the regulating valve 7 of the battery B is opened, the drain valves 59 of the battery B are closed, the battery B supplements energy, and the drain valves 59 of the two batteries are opened for draining 10-20 times per cycle.
The working principle of the control system 4 is that an IC component is arranged in the control system 4, when the voltage of the battery A is lower than the lower limit voltage, a circuit feeds back the IC component, the IC component sends out an instruction, the regulating valve 7 of the battery A is opened and the drain valve 59 is closed in a cylinder mode, the voltage of the battery A is monitored at the same time, when the voltage reaches the upper limit voltage, the voltage is fed back to the IC component, the IC sends out an instruction, and the regulating valve 7 is closed in the cylinder mode. While battery B is discharging, the circuit monitors the voltage of battery B and repeats the operation of battery a when the voltage of battery B is lower than the lower limit voltage.
The battery system of the present invention will be described in detail below according to examples:
in the case of the example 1, the following examples are given,
manufacturing of battery a and battery B:
charging hydrogen in the battery negative electrode 53Gas time, 2M + H2＝2MH；
When an oxidizing agent is added to the positive electrode 55 of the cell, 2Ni (OH)2+H2O2＝2NiOOH+2H2O；
The reaction to the external discharge is:
battery negative electrode 53, MH + OH－＝H2O+M+e；
Battery positive electrode 55, NiOOH + H2O＝Ni(OH)2+OH—e。
During the charging and discharging process of the battery, the hydroxide ions in the alkaline electrolyte always keep the original amount, and the essence is that the added hydrogen reacts with the added oxidant to produce water.
When the battery is manufactured, the battery cathode 53 adopts AB5The hydrogen storage alloy was used as an active material, and 12 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder (D50 ═ 49 μm) was packed in a copper mesh, and the packed powder was compacted at a pressure of 20MPa to prepare a negative electrode sheet having a size of 50mm by 200mm by 0.55 mm.
The battery positive electrode 55 was made by using 10 g of spherical nickel hydroxide as an active material, adding 5% of cobaltous oxide as a conductive agent, filling the resultant into foamed nickel, and compacting the foamed nickel under a pressure of 20MPa to obtain a positive electrode sheet having a size of 50mm to 200mm to 0.6 mm.
The separator 54 between the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 is made of PP material, and the cutting size of the separator 54 is 52mm x 205 mm. The permeable membrane 56 is made of PP material and has a cutting size of 52mm to 205 mm.
Assembling the battery:
the materials are stacked into a battery shell 51 according to the sequence of a permeable membrane 56, a positive plate, a diaphragm 54 and a negative plate, 5.0g of 7mol/L potassium hydroxide solution is dripped into the diaphragm 54 as alkaline electrolyte after the diaphragm 54 is placed and before the negative plate is placed, and then the battery shell 51 is sealed.
Assembling a system:
the prepared battery A and the battery B are loaded into a battery system, 5.0ml of hydrogen peroxide is respectively led into the soaking films 56 in the two batteries by opening the regulating valves 7 on the pipelines of the two battery bodies 5; and closing the drain valves 59, introducing hydrogen into the two batteries respectively, keeping the internal air pressure of the batteries at 0.05MPa for 15min, and switching the batteries A and B for 0.2 h to ensure that one battery is switched to the other battery for discharging when the other battery is not completely discharged, and then obtaining 1.2V stable voltage output under the condition that an external circuit is connected with a load after passing through the output conversion module 3.
In the case of the example 2, the following examples are given,
manufacturing of battery a and battery B:
the battery negative electrode 53 adopts carbon nano as active material, 12 g of carbon nano is filled into a copper net and compacted under the pressure of 20Mpa to prepare a negative plate with the size of 50mm to 200mm to 0.55 mm.
The battery positive electrode 55 was made by using 10 g of spherical nickel hydroxide as an active material, adding 5% of cobaltous oxide as a conductive agent, filling the resultant into foamed nickel, and compacting the foamed nickel under a pressure of 20MPa to obtain a positive electrode sheet having a size of 50mm to 200mm to 0.6 mm.
The separator 54 between the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 is made of PP material, and the cutting size of the separator 54 is 52mm x 205 mm. The permeable membrane 56 is made of PP material and has a cutting size of 52mm to 205 mm.
Assembling the battery:
the materials are stacked into a battery shell 51 according to the sequence of a permeable membrane 56, a positive plate, a diaphragm 54 and a negative plate, wherein 6.0g of 7mol/L potassium hydroxide solution is dripped into the diaphragm 54 as alkaline electrolyte after the diaphragm 54 is placed and before the negative plate is placed, and then the battery shell 51 is sealed.
Assembling a system:
the prepared battery A and the battery B are loaded into a battery system, and 4.0ml of hydrogen peroxide is respectively led into the soaking films 56 in the two batteries by opening the regulating valves 7 on the pipelines of the two battery bodies 5; and closing the drain valves 59, introducing hydrogen into the two batteries respectively, keeping the internal air pressure of the batteries at 0.05MPa for 15min, and switching the batteries A and B for 0.15 h to ensure that one battery is switched to the other battery for discharging when the other battery is not completely discharged, and then obtaining 1.2V stable voltage output under the condition that an external circuit is connected with a load after passing through the output conversion module 3.
In the case of the example 5, the following examples were conducted,
manufacturing of battery a and battery B:
the battery negative electrode 53 uses La-Y-Ni type hydrogen storage alloy as an active material, and 12 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder (D50 ═ 49 μm) was filled in a copper mesh, and compacted under a pressure of 20MPa to prepare a negative electrode sheet having a size of 50mm to 200mm to 0.55 mm.
The battery positive electrode 55 was made by using 10 g of spherical nickel hydroxide as an active material, adding 5% of cobaltous oxide as a conductive agent, filling the resultant into foamed nickel, and compacting the foamed nickel under a pressure of 20MPa to obtain a positive electrode sheet having a size of 50mm to 200mm to 0.6 mm.
The separator 54 between the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 is made of PP material, and the cutting size is 52mm x 205 mm. The permeable membrane 56 is made of PP material and has a cutting size of 52mm to 205 mm.
Assembling the battery:
the above materials are stacked in the order of the permeable membrane 56, the positive plate, the separator 54, and the negative plate into the battery case 51, 5.5g of 7mol/L potassium hydroxide solution is dropped into the separator 54 as an alkaline electrolyte after the separator 54 is placed and before the negative plate is placed, and then the battery case 51 is sealed.
Assembling a system:
the prepared battery A and the battery B are loaded into a battery system, 5.0ml of hydrogen peroxide is respectively led into the soaking films 56 in the two batteries by opening the regulating valves 7 on the pipelines of the two battery bodies 5; and closing the drain valves 59, introducing hydrogen into the two batteries respectively, keeping the internal air pressure of the batteries at 0.05MPa for 15min, and switching the batteries A and B for 0.2 h to ensure that one battery is switched to the other battery for discharging when the other battery is not completely discharged, and then obtaining 1.2V stable voltage output under the condition that an external circuit is connected with a load after passing through the output conversion module 3.
In the case of the example 4, the following examples are given,
manufacturing of battery a and battery B:
the battery negative electrode 53 uses a La-Mg-Ni type hydrogen storage alloy as an active material, and 12 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder (D50 ═ 49 μm) was filled in a copper mesh and compacted under a pressure of 20MPa to prepare a negative electrode sheet having a size of 50mm to 200mm to 0.55 mm.
The battery positive electrode 55 was made by using 10 g of spherical nickel hydroxide as an active material, adding 5% of cobaltous oxide as a conductive agent, filling the resultant into foamed nickel, and compacting the foamed nickel under a pressure of 20MPa to obtain a positive electrode sheet having a size of 50mm to 200mm to 0.6 mm.
The separator 54 between the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 is made of PP material, and the cutting size is 52mm x 205 mm. The permeable membrane 56 is made of PP material and has a cutting size of 52mm to 205 mm.
Assembling the battery:
the above materials are stacked in the order of the permeable membrane 56, the positive plate, the separator 54, and the negative plate into the battery case 51, 6.5g of 7mol/L potassium hydroxide solution is dropped into the separator 54 as an alkaline electrolyte after the separator 54 is placed and before the negative plate is placed, and then the battery case 51 is sealed.
Assembling a system:
the prepared battery A and the battery B are loaded into a battery system, 5.5ml of hydrogen peroxide is respectively led into the soaking films 56 in the two batteries by opening the regulating valves 7 on the pipelines of the two battery bodies 5; and closing the drain valves 59, introducing hydrogen into the two batteries respectively, keeping the internal air pressure of the batteries at 0.05MPa for 15min, and switching the batteries A and B for 0.2 h to ensure that one battery is switched to the other battery for discharging when the other battery is not completely discharged, and then obtaining 1.2V stable voltage output under the condition that an external circuit is connected with a load after passing through the output conversion module 3.
In the case of the example 5, the following examples were conducted,
manufacturing of battery a and battery B:
the battery negative electrode 53 adopts AB5The hydrogen storage alloy was used as an active material, and 12 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder (D50 ═ 49 μm) was packed in a copper mesh, and the packed powder was compacted at a pressure of 20MPa to prepare a negative electrode sheet having a size of 50mm by 200mm by 0.55 mm.
The battery positive electrode 55 was made by using 10 g of cobalt-coated spherical nickel hydroxide as an active material, filling the active material into foamed nickel, and compacting the foamed nickel under a pressure of 20MPa to obtain a positive electrode sheet having a size of 50mm to 200mm to 0.6 mm.
The separator 54 between the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 is made of PP material, and the cutting size of the separator 54 is 52mm x 205 mm. The permeable membrane 56 is made of PP material and has a cutting size of 52mm to 205 mm.
Assembling the battery:
the materials are stacked into a battery shell 51 according to the sequence of a permeable membrane 56, a positive plate, a diaphragm 54 and a negative plate, 5.0g of 7mol/L potassium hydroxide solution is dripped into the diaphragm 54 as alkaline electrolyte after the diaphragm 54 is placed and before the negative plate is placed, and then the battery shell 51 is sealed.
Assembling a system:
the prepared battery A and battery B are loaded into a battery system, 5.0ml of hypochlorous acid is respectively led into the permeation membranes 56 in the two batteries by opening the regulating valves 7 on the pipelines of the two battery bodies 5; and closing the drain valves 59, introducing hydrogen into the two batteries respectively, keeping the internal air pressure of the batteries at 0.05MPa for 15min, and switching the batteries A and B for 0.2 h to ensure that one battery is switched to the other battery for discharging when the other battery is not completely discharged, and then obtaining 1.2V stable voltage output under the condition that an external circuit is connected with a load after passing through the output conversion module 3.
In the case of the example 6, it is shown,
manufacturing of battery a and battery B:
the battery negative electrode 53 adopts AB5The hydrogen storage alloy was used as an active material, and 12 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder (D50 ═ 49 μm) was packed in a copper mesh, and the packed powder was compacted at a pressure of 20MPa to prepare a negative electrode sheet having a size of 50mm by 200mm by 0.55 mm.
The battery positive electrode 55 was made by using 10 g of cobalt-coated spherical nickel hydroxide as an active material, filling the active material into foamed nickel, and compacting the foamed nickel under a pressure of 20MPa to obtain a positive electrode sheet having a size of 50mm to 200mm to 0.6 mm.
The separator 54 between the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 is made of PP material, and the cutting size of the separator 54 is 52mm x 205 mm. The permeable membrane 56 is made of PP material and has a cutting size of 52mm to 205 mm.
Assembling the battery:
the materials are stacked into a battery shell 51 according to the sequence of a permeable membrane 56, a positive plate, a diaphragm 54 and a negative plate, 5.0g of 7mol/L potassium hydroxide solution is dripped into the diaphragm 54 as alkaline electrolyte after the diaphragm 54 is placed and before the negative plate is placed, and then the battery shell 51 is sealed.
Assembling a system:
the prepared battery A and the battery B are arranged in a battery system, 5.0ml of ozone is respectively led into the soaking membranes 56 in the two batteries by opening the regulating valves 7 on the pipelines of the two battery bodies 5; and closing the drain valves 59, introducing hydrogen into the two batteries respectively, keeping the internal air pressure of the batteries at 0.05MPa for 15min, and switching the batteries A and B for 0.2 h to ensure that one battery is switched to the other battery for discharging when the other battery is not completely discharged, and then obtaining 1.2V stable voltage output under the condition that an external circuit is connected with a load after passing through the output conversion module 3.
In the case of the example 7, the following examples are given,
manufacturing of battery a and battery B:
the battery negative electrode 53 adopts AB5The hydrogen storage alloy was used as an active material, and 12 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder (D50 ═ 49 μm) was packed in a copper mesh, and the packed powder was compacted at a pressure of 20MPa to prepare a negative electrode sheet having a size of 50mm by 200mm by 0.55 mm.
The positive electrode 55 of the battery uses a metallic nickel plate (which only has a conductive function, and the same effect can be obtained by other metallic plates and a carbon conductive plate) with a size of 50mm x 200mm x 0.08 mm.
The separator 54 between the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 is made of PP material, and the cutting size of the separator 54 is 52mm x 205 mm. The permeable membrane 56 is made of PP material and has a cutting size of 52mm to 205 mm.
Assembling the battery:
the materials are stacked into a battery shell 51 according to the sequence of a permeable membrane 56, a positive plate, a diaphragm 54 and a negative plate, 5.0g of 7mol/L potassium hydroxide solution is dripped into the diaphragm 54 as alkaline electrolyte after the diaphragm 54 is placed and before the negative plate is placed, and then the battery shell 51 is sealed.
Assembling a system:
the prepared battery A and the battery B are loaded into a battery system, 5.0ml of hydrogen peroxide is respectively led into the soaking films 56 in the two batteries by opening the regulating valves 7 on the pipelines of the two battery bodies 5; and closing the drain valves 59, introducing hydrogen into the two batteries respectively, keeping the internal air pressure of the batteries at 0.05MPa for 15min, and switching the batteries A and B for 0.2 h to ensure that one battery is switched to the other battery for discharging when the other battery is not completely discharged, and then obtaining 1.2V stable voltage output under the condition that an external circuit is connected with a load after passing through the output conversion module 3.
In the case of the example 8, the following examples are given,
manufacturing of battery a and battery B:
the battery negative electrode 53 adopts AB5The hydrogen storage alloy was used as an active material, and 12 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder (D50 ═ 49 μm) was packed in a copper mesh, and the packed powder was compacted at a pressure of 20MPa to prepare a negative electrode sheet having a size of 50mm by 200mm by 0.55 mm.
The battery positive electrode 55 was made by using 10 g of spherical nickel hydroxide as an active material, adding 5% of cobaltous oxide as a conductive agent, filling the resultant into foamed nickel, and compacting the foamed nickel under a pressure of 20MPa to obtain a positive electrode sheet having a size of 50mm to 200mm to 0.6 mm.
The separator 54 between the battery anode 55 and the battery cathode 53 is made of PP material, and the cutting size is 52mm x 205 mm. The permeable membrane 56 is made of PP material and has a cutting size of 52mm to 205 mm.
Assembling the battery:
the above materials were stacked in the order of the permeable membrane 56, the positive plate, the separator 54, and the negative plate in the battery case 51, wherein 5.0g of 7mol/L potassium hydroxide solution was dropped into the separator 54 as an alkaline electrolyte after the separator 54 was placed and before the negative plate was placed, and then the battery case 51 was sealed, unlike example 1, a double-layer separator 54 was used, and PVA gel was coated in the middle of the double-layer separator 54.
Assembling a system:
the prepared battery A and the battery B are loaded into a battery system, 5.0ml of hydrogen peroxide is respectively led into the soaking films 56 in the two batteries by opening the regulating valves 7 on the pipelines of the two battery bodies 5; and closing the drain valves 59, introducing hydrogen into the two batteries respectively, keeping the internal air pressure of the batteries at 0.05MPa for 15min, and switching the batteries A and B for 0.2 h to ensure that one battery is switched to the other battery for discharging when the other battery is not completely discharged, and then obtaining 1.2V stable voltage output under the condition that an external circuit is connected with a load after passing through the output conversion module 3.
Comparative example 1
Mixing and stirring 16g of ternary positive lithium battery material, 1g of conductive carbon, 1g of PVDF and 15g of NMP solution uniformly, coating the mixture on an aluminum foil, mixing and stirring 17g of graphite, 1g of conductive carbon, 0.2g of CMC and 15g of water uniformly, coating the mixture on a copper foil, winding the mixture by adopting a cegard 25 diaphragm, filling the wound mixture into a steel shell, injecting 18g of 1mo/L lithium hexafluorophosphate solution, sealing and forming to obtain the lithium ion battery.
Comparative example 2
The negative electrode of the battery adopts AB5The hydrogen storage alloy was used as an active material, and 12 g of hydrogen storage alloy powder (D50 ═ 49 μm) was packed in a copper mesh, and the packed powder was compacted at a pressure of 20MPa to prepare a negative electrode sheet having a size of 50mm by 200mm by 0.55 mm.
The diaphragm is made of PP material and has the size of 52mm x 520mm x 0.018 mm.
The positive electrode of the battery uses 10 g of spherical nickel hydroxide as an active substance, 5% of cobaltous oxide is added as a conductive agent, the active substance is filled into foamed nickel, the foamed nickel is compacted under the pressure of 20Mpa, and a positive plate is made, wherein the size of the positive plate is 50mm multiplied by 160mm multiplied by 0.65 mm.
And (3) winding the components, assembling the components into a battery shell, injecting 5.0g of 7mol/L potassium hydroxide solution, sealing and forming to obtain the nickel-metal hydride battery.
Comparative example 5
Pressing 0.02g of platinum, 0.2g of yttrium oxide rod, an electrolyte diaphragm (a porous diaphragm is made of insulating materials such as Asbestos (Asbestos) films, silicon carbide SiC films, lithium aluminate (LiAlO5) films and the like) into a bipolar plate, and assembling the bipolar plate to obtain the fuel cell.
The properties and costs of the above comparative examples and examples are shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0003332556910000161
Figure BDA0003332556910000171
from the above data, it can be seen that the cost of using a new hydrogen power battery system is significantly reduced compared to the cost of the original fuel cell; the energy density is reduced by adopting the carbon nano as the cathode; the energy system using the double-layer diaphragm and coated with PVA gel has the advantages that the energy density is obviously improved, the isolation effect of the diaphragm is good, hydrogen of a battery cathode cannot reach the battery anode and reduce the battery anode, and an oxidant of the battery anode cannot reach the battery cathode and oxidize the battery cathode, so that the battery anode and the battery cathode can exert the maximum capacity.
To sum up, the embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen power battery system, wherein a battery cathode is formed by a cathode base band and a hydrogen storage material, an alkaline electrolyte is filled in a battery case, the hydrogen storage material can absorb hydrogen at normal temperature to form a MH alloy, the alloy has a potential of-0.8V in an alkaline solution, and an oxidant has a positive electrode potential in the alkaline solution during discharging, so that a battery body transmits electricity to the outside through an output conversion module, the hydrogen storage tank and the oxidant storage tank are controlled by a control system to deliver hydrogen and the oxidant into the battery body, so that the battery is in a charged state and can continuously supply electricity to the outside, the battery continuously supplies electricity by adding fuel, the charging time is omitted, meanwhile, precious metal is not needed on the battery as a catalyst, and the application cost of the battery on a new energy vehicle is reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A hydrogen power battery system is characterized by comprising a battery body, a hydrogen storage tank, an oxidant storage tank, an output conversion module and a control system, wherein the control system is in signal connection with the hydrogen storage tank, the oxidant storage tank and the output conversion module respectively, the output conversion module is electrically connected with the battery body, an output anode and an output cathode which are used for transmitting electricity outwards are arranged on the output conversion module, the battery body comprises a battery shell, a battery anode and a battery cathode, the battery cathode comprises a cathode baseband and a hydrogen storage material arranged on the cathode baseband, the battery anode comprises an anode baseband and a conducting strip arranged on the anode baseband, the battery anode and the battery cathode are separated by a diaphragm, alkaline electrolyte is filled in the battery shell, the hydrogen storage tank is communicated with the battery cathode through a pipeline, the oxidant storage tank is in communication with the cell anode via a conduit.
2. The hydrogen power battery system of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen storage material comprises at least one of a hydrogen storage alloy, carbon nano-meter, graphene.
3. The hydrogen power battery system according to claim 1, wherein the conductive sheet is further provided with nickel hydroxide and a conductive agent, and the nickel hydroxide and the conductive agent are fixed on the conductive sheet by an adhesive.
4. The hydrogen power battery system according to claim 3, wherein the conductive agent comprises conductive carbon, graphite, cobaltous oxide, nickel powder.
5. The hydrogen power battery system according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the alkaline electrolyte is 5 to 11 mol/L.
6. The hydrogen power battery system of claim 1, wherein the membrane is arranged with two layers with a gel disposed between the two layers of the membrane.
7. The hydrogen power battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a permeable membrane is further arranged on the side of the battery positive electrode facing away from the battery negative electrode, and the permeable membrane is arranged to be attached to the battery positive electrode.
8. The hydrogen power battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the positive electrode oxidant in the oxidant storage tank comprises oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, ozone.
9. The hydrogen power battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a water discharge port is further disposed at the bottom of the battery case, a semi-permeable membrane through which only water molecules pass is further disposed on the water discharge port, and a water discharge valve is connected to the water discharge port.
10. The hydrogen-powered battery system as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein there are two groups of the battery bodies, both of the two groups of the battery bodies are electrically connected to the output conversion module, the hydrogen storage tank is in communication with both of the groups of the battery bodies, respectively, and the oxidant storage tank is in communication with both of the groups of the battery bodies, respectively.
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