CN114118877A - Method for evaluating ecological suitability of proliferative marine ranch - Google Patents

Method for evaluating ecological suitability of proliferative marine ranch Download PDF

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CN114118877A
CN114118877A CN202210029506.XA CN202210029506A CN114118877A CN 114118877 A CN114118877 A CN 114118877A CN 202210029506 A CN202210029506 A CN 202210029506A CN 114118877 A CN114118877 A CN 114118877A
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张继红
王新萌
吴文广
刘毅
仲毅
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Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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Abstract

The invention relates to an ecological suitability evaluation method for a proliferative marine ranch, which belongs to the field of evaluation of ecological suitability of the marine ranch, and comprises the steps of firstly selecting a primary index and a secondary index for evaluating the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch according to the construction purpose and characteristics of the proliferative marine ranch, then obtaining relevant data of the evaluation index of a sea area to be constructed, and grading the evaluation index; then, respectively comparing the first-level index and the second-level index pairwise and scoring to construct a judgment matrix, and calculating the weight of the evaluation index by adopting an analytic hierarchy process; and finally, calculating the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch according to the score and the weight of the evaluation index.

Description

Method for evaluating ecological suitability of proliferative marine ranch
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of evaluation of ecological suitability of a marine ranch, in particular to an evaluation method of ecological suitability of a proliferative marine ranch.
Background
The ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch refers to the natural and social properties of geology, landform, hydrology, meteorology, physics, chemistry, biology, landscape, location and the like of a sea area, and meets the ecological requirements of development and utilization of the proliferative marine ranch. In recent decades, China has built a series of precious marine ranches taking sea cucumbers, abalones, high-value shellfish, seaweeds and the like as proliferation objects and a series of proliferation marine ranches taking fishes, shrimps, crabs and cephalopods as proliferation objects. However, the construction of the marine ranch requires a great amount of manpower and financial resources, and after the construction of the proliferation type marine ranch, aquatic products need to be continuously produced to maintain stable economic benefits, and the construction failure can cause great economic losses to governments, enterprises and society. The planning layout, site selection and the like of the marine ranch still lack scientific argumentation and overall planning, and the site selection of the proliferation type marine ranch still lacks an evaluation method and an evaluation criterion system consisting of quantitative evaluation indexes. Therefore, the method for evaluating the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is developed and used for evaluating the proliferative marine ranch before construction, so that the success of the construction of the marine ranch can be effectively improved, the ecological safety of the marine ranch and the product safety of the marine ranch can be ensured, and the environmental benefit and the ecological benefit of the marine ranch can be realized to a greater extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for evaluating ecological suitability of a proliferative marine ranch, which is used for determining the resource environment constraint and the suitability degree of a sea area for the development and utilization of the proliferative marine ranch and providing scientific support for the space optimization and layout of the marine ranch.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method of evaluating ecological suitability of a proliferative marine ranch, the method comprising the steps of:
1) according to the method, by taking the proliferation fishery resources and the output fishery objects as construction targets, evaluation indexes of ecological suitability of the proliferation marine ranch are selected, wherein the evaluation indexes comprise primary indexes, and each primary index comprises a plurality of secondary indexes; the first-level indexes comprise biological indexes, environmental indexes and management indexes, wherein the biological indexes comprise a biological species number index suitable for proliferation, a phytoplankton abundance index, a phytoplankton diversity index, a zooplankton abundance index and zooplankton diversity; the environmental indexes comprise a water depth index, a flow rate index, a bottom material type index, a terrain slope index, an organic pollution comprehensive index and a sediment heavy metal potential ecological hazard risk index; the management indexes comprise a distance index from a sensitive ecosystem, an offshore distance index, a distance index from a transportation sea and a pollution source.
2) Acquiring relevant data of evaluation indexes of the planned sea area, and grading the evaluation indexes according to the satisfaction degree and adaptability of natural attributes and social attributes of the planned sea area to the ecological requirements of the development and utilization of the proliferative marine ranch;
3) the first-level index and the second-level index are compared pairwise and scored to form a judgment matrix, and the weight of the evaluation index is calculated by adopting an analytic hierarchy process;
4) and calculating the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch according to the score and the weight of the evaluation index, and drawing an ecological suitability distribution graph of the proliferation type marine ranch.
Further, using Shannon-Weaver diversity index H' to calculate phytoplankton diversity index and zooplankton diversity, the formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003465847540000021
wherein s is the total number of types of the sample; piIs the ratio of the number of individuals in the ith species to the total number of individuals in the sample.
The organic pollution comprehensive index A reflects the degree of organic pollutant pollution of a water body and is used for representing the quality of seawater, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003465847540000031
in the formula, CCODMeasured as chemical oxygen consumption (mg/L); cINMeasured values for inorganic nitrogen (mg/L); cIPMeasured as active phosphate (mg/L); cDOMeasured as dissolved oxygen (mg/L); c'COD、C′IN、C′IP、C′DORespectively are the first standard values (mg/L) of chemical oxygen consumption, inorganic nitrogen, active phosphate and dissolved oxygen in the seawater quality standard (GB 3097-1997).
The Hakanson risk potential index reflects the potential ecological hazard of deposit metal contaminants and is used for characterizing the quality of deposits, and the formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003465847540000032
Figure BDA0003465847540000033
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0003465847540000034
the potential ecological hazard coefficient of the ith heavy metal;
Figure BDA0003465847540000035
the toxicity coefficient of the ith heavy metal; ciIs the measured value of the ith heavy metal;
Figure BDA0003465847540000036
is a reference value; RI is a comprehensive index of potential hazards of various heavy metals; RI (Ri)<150 is a slight ecological risk, RI is 150. ltoreq.<300 is medium ecological risk, RI is more than or equal to 300<600 is a strong ecological risk, and RI greater than or equal to 600 is an extremely strong ecological risk.
Further, the step 2) scores evaluation indexes according to the satisfaction degree and the adaptability of the natural attributes and the social attributes of the planned sea area to the ecological requirements of the development and utilization of the proliferative marine ranch, wherein the evaluation scores are respectively 6, 4, 2 and 0, and the evaluation standards corresponding to the evaluation scores are as follows:
Figure BDA0003465847540000037
Figure BDA0003465847540000041
further, when the evaluation score of one or more secondary indexes in the evaluation indexes is 0, the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch is 0; when the evaluation scores of all the evaluation indexes are greater than 0, the ecological suitability measurement formula of the proliferation type marine ranch is as follows:
Figure BDA0003465847540000042
in the formula, HIS is ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch, i is the ith evaluation index, and wiIs the weight value of the i-th index, wiDerived from analytic hierarchy process, SIiAnd an evaluation score representing the i-th index. When the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch is 4-6, the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch in the investigation region is very suitable; when the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch is 2-4, the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch in the investigation region is suitable; when the ecological suitability of the breeding type marine ranch is 0, the breeding type of the investigation regionThe ecological suitability of marine ranches is not suitable.
Furthermore, the ecological suitability distribution graph of the proliferation type marine ranch is drawn by ArcGIS place statistical software (not limited to the ArcGIS place statistical software), and the planned sea area is divided into a very suitable area, a suitable area and an unsuitable area according to the ecological suitability.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the evaluation index of the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch relates to the aspects of sea area target proliferation organisms, primary marine productivity, seawater hydrological conditions, seawater quality and sediment conditions, protection of a marine sensitive ecosystem, production convenience of the marine ranch and the like, fully considers the environmental basis and the ecological basis of the construction of the proliferation type marine ranch, is beneficial to ensuring the product safety of the marine ranch, and realizes the ecological benefit and the economic benefit of the proliferation type marine ranch.
2. According to the method, the threshold conditions of indexes which are not suitable for building the maintenance type marine ranch are set, the areas which are not suitable for building the maintenance type marine ranch are preferentially excluded, and the reasonability of the model evaluation result can be guaranteed.
3. The evaluation method is simple in calculation method, the suitability of the sea area where the marine ranch is planned to be built to the proliferation type marine ranch can be clearly and visually evaluated, the construction plan of the proliferation type marine ranch is known according to the division of the very suitable area, the suitable area and the unsuitable area, and the result is visually output.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the ecological suitability evaluation of the proliferative marine ranch of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an ecological suitability profile of the proliferative marine ranch of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention takes a sea ranch of Laizhou bay Hibiscus island in Shandong province as a case for evaluating the ecological suitability of the sea ranch, carries out the ecological suitability evaluation of a proliferation type sea ranch, and comprises the following specific steps:
an ecological suitability evaluation method for a proliferative marine ranch, the flow chart being shown in fig. 1, the method comprising the steps of:
1) and selecting an evaluation index of ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch according to the construction purpose and characteristics of the proliferation type marine ranch. The evaluation indexes of ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch comprise 3 primary indexes including biological indexes, environmental indexes and management indexes, wherein the biological indexes comprise a biological species number index, a phytoplankton abundance index, a phytoplankton diversity index, a zooplankton abundance index and a zooplankton diversity index which are suitable for proliferation; the environmental indexes comprise a water depth index, a flow rate index, a bottom material type index, a terrain slope index, an organic pollution comprehensive index and a sediment heavy metal potential ecological hazard risk index; the management indexes comprise a distance index from a sensitive ecosystem, a distance index from an offshore place to a sea for transportation and a distance index from a pollution source.
Calculating the phytoplankton diversity index and the zooplankton diversity index by adopting a Shannon-Weaver diversity index H', wherein the formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003465847540000061
wherein s is the total number of types of the sample; piIs the ratio of the number of individuals in the ith species to the total number of individuals in the sample.
The organic pollution comprehensive index A reflects the degree of organic pollutant pollution of a water body and is used for representing the quality of seawater, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003465847540000062
in the formula, CCODMeasured for chemical oxygen consumption (mg/L)A value; cINMeasured values for inorganic nitrogen (mg/L); cIPMeasured as active phosphate (mg/L); cDOMeasured as dissolved oxygen (mg/L); c'COD、C′IN、C′IP、C′DORespectively are the first standard values (mg/L) of chemical oxygen consumption, inorganic nitrogen, active phosphate and dissolved oxygen in the seawater quality standard (GB 3097-1997).
The Hakanson risk potential index reflects the potential ecological hazard of deposit metal contaminants and is used for characterizing the quality of deposits, and the formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003465847540000063
Figure BDA0003465847540000064
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0003465847540000065
the potential ecological hazard coefficient of the ith heavy metal;
Figure BDA0003465847540000066
the toxicity coefficient of the ith heavy metal; ciIs the measured value of the ith heavy metal;
Figure BDA0003465847540000071
is a reference value; RI is a comprehensive index of potential hazards of various heavy metals; RI (Ri)<150 is a slight ecological risk, RI is 150. ltoreq.<300 is medium ecological risk, RI is more than or equal to 300<600 is a strong ecological risk, and RI greater than or equal to 600 is an extremely strong ecological risk.
2) Through historical data and marine investigation experiments, the number data of biological species suitable for proliferation, abundance data of phytoplankton, diversity data of phytoplankton, abundance data of zooplankton, diversity data of zooplankton, water depth data, flow rate data, bottom type data, terrain gradient data, comprehensive index data of organic pollution, potential ecological hazard risk index data of heavy metal in sediment, distance data from a sensitive ecological system, distance data from offshore and sea for transportation, and distance data from a pollution source of a sea area of a sea farm of a Hibiscus makinoi island are obtained. According to the ecological requirement satisfaction degree and adaptability of the sea area to the development and utilization of the maintenance-type marine ranch based on the natural attributes and social attributes, each suitability evaluation criterion is divided into 4 grades, the criterion threshold value supports the construction of various habitats such as artificial fish reefs and sea meadows, the optimum place suitable for growth, development and propagation can be provided for the proliferation objects, namely the sea area completely meets the ecological requirement of the development and utilization of the marine ranch, and the value is assigned for 6 minutes; the criterion threshold value supports the construction of part of the habitat of the marine ranch, meets the requirement of a proliferation object on maintaining normal physiological activities and the place of the bait required by growth and development, namely the sea area meets the ecological requirement of the development and utilization of the marine ranch, and the value is assigned for 4 points; the criterion threshold value supports the construction of a single habitat of a marine ranch, and the proliferation object can endure the environmental pressure to live, namely the sea area basically meets the ecological requirement of the marine ranch development and is assigned with 2 points; the criterion does not support the construction of the habitat of the marine ranch, can not provide the necessary condition for the survival of the proliferated organism, and the organism can not survive, namely the sea area can not meet the ecological requirement of the development of the marine ranch and is assigned with 0 point. The evaluation criteria for the evaluation scores are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 shows the evaluation criteria of ecological suitability evaluation indexes of the proliferative marine ranch
Figure BDA0003465847540000072
Figure BDA0003465847540000081
3) Constructing a judgment matrix by respectively comparing the first-level index and the second-level index pairwise and scoring, and calculating the weight of the evaluation index by adopting an analytic hierarchy process as shown in tables 2-5 and 6;
table 2 shows the first-level index judgment matrix of the breeding type marine ranch
Biological index Environmental index Management index
Biological index 1 2 3
Environmental index 1/2 1 3
Management index 1/3 1/3 1
Table 3 shows the matrix for determining the biological indicators of the breeding type marine ranch
Figure BDA0003465847540000082
Table 4 shows the environment index judgment matrix for the breeding type marine ranch
Figure BDA0003465847540000083
Table 5 shows a matrix for determining the management index of the breeding type marine ranch
Distance from sensitive ecosystem Distance off shore Distance from pollution source
Distance from sensitive ecosystem 1 2 2
Distance off shore 1/2 1 1
Distance from pollution source 1/2 1 1
Table 6 shows the evaluation index weights for ecological suitability in the breeding type marine ranch
Figure BDA0003465847540000091
4) Calculating the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch according to the scores and the weights of the evaluation indexes, wherein when the evaluation score of one or more evaluation indexes in the evaluation indexes is 0, the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch is 0; when the evaluation scores of all the evaluation indexes are greater than 0, the ecological suitability measurement formula of the proliferation type marine ranch is as follows:
Figure BDA0003465847540000092
in the formula, HIS is ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch, i is the ith evaluation index, and SI isiEvaluation score, w, representing the i-th indexiIs the weight value of the i-th index, wiDerived from an analytic hierarchy process. When the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch is 4-6, the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch in the investigation region is very suitable; when the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch is 2-4, the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch in the investigation region is suitable; when the ecological suitability of the breeding type marine ranch is 0, the ecological suitability of the breeding type marine ranch in the investigation region is not suitable. An ecological suitability distribution graph of the proliferation type marine ranch is drawn by using ArcGIS regional statistical software, and a planned marine area is divided into a very suitable area, a suitable area and an unsuitable area as shown in figure 2.
The ecological suitability of the sea area proliferation type marine ranch in the island of cottonrose hibiscus in laizhou is shown in table 7. Taking station 7 as an example:
longitude 119.8416667;
a latitude 37.3150000;
secondary indexes are as follows:
the biological species suitable for proliferation include 11 species of Sinomenia albiflora, Sparus macrocephalus, Largeon japonicus, Nibea albiflora, Achyraeus striatus, , Mugillus exigua, Squidambar formosanus, Charybdis japonica, and Sinomenii Wedneri.
Phytoplankton abundance 88.0647 × 104cell/m3；
Phytoplankton diversity 1.463;
zooplankton abundance is 0.465g/m3；
Zooplankton diversity 1.838;
water depth 3.635 m;
flow rate 0.3009 m/s;
a substrate type sandy silt;
grade 0.055 ° of terrain;
organic pollution composite index 0.9605;
potential ecological hazard risk index of heavy metals in sediments: according to the survey of heavy metals in deposits in the lazhou bay in the 2013-2015 yoyangmi plum, the sea area around hibiscus islands belongs to a medium ecological risk.
Distance from sensitive ecosystem 5559 m;
offshore distance 6629 m;
27.942km away from the contamination source.
Table 7 shows the ecological suitability of the island of Hibiscus makinoi in Laizhou
Survey station Proliferative marine ranch
1 3.930
2 3.477
3 0.000
4 3.465
5 3.739
6 3.465
7 3.948
8 3.918
9 3.994
10 3.834
And (4) conclusion: the east, south and west waters of the Laizhou bay hibiscus island are suitable for the construction of a proliferative marine ranch.

Claims (6)

1. A method for evaluating ecological suitability of a proliferative marine ranch, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) according to the method, by taking the proliferation fishery resources and the output fishery objects as construction targets, evaluation indexes of ecological suitability of the proliferation marine ranch are selected, wherein the evaluation indexes comprise primary indexes, and each primary index comprises a plurality of secondary indexes; the first-level indexes comprise biological indexes, environmental indexes and management indexes, wherein the biological indexes comprise a biological species number index suitable for proliferation, a phytoplankton abundance index, a phytoplankton diversity index, a zooplankton abundance index and zooplankton diversity; the environmental indexes comprise a water depth index, a flow rate index, a bottom material type index, a terrain slope index, an organic pollution comprehensive index and a sediment heavy metal potential ecological hazard risk index; the management indexes comprise a distance index from a sensitive ecosystem, an offshore distance index, a distance index from a transportation sea and a pollution source;
2) acquiring relevant data of evaluation indexes of the planned sea area, and grading the evaluation indexes according to the satisfaction degree and adaptability of natural attributes and social attributes of the planned sea area to the ecological requirements of the development and utilization of the proliferative marine ranch;
3) the first-level index and the second-level index are compared pairwise and scored to form a judgment matrix, and the weight of the evaluation index is calculated by adopting an analytic hierarchy process;
4) and calculating the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch according to the score and the weight of the evaluation index, and drawing an ecological suitability distribution graph of the proliferation type marine ranch.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the index phytoplankton diversity and the zooplankton diversity are calculated using the Shannon-WeaVer diversity index H' with the formula:
Figure FDA0003465847530000011
wherein s is the total number of types of the sample; piIs the ratio of the number of individuals in the ith species to the total number of individuals in the sample.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the comprehensive index A of organic pollution reflects the degree of organic pollutant pollution of the water body, and is used for characterizing the quality of seawater, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003465847530000021
in the formula, CCODMeasured value of chemical oxygen consumption; cINMeasured values for inorganic nitrogen (mg/L); cIPMeasured value for active phosphate; cDOMeasured value of dissolved oxygen; c'COD、C′IN、C′IP、C′DORespectively chemical oxygen consumption, inorganic nitrogen and active phosphorus in the seawater quality Standard GB3097-1997Standard values of acid salt and dissolved oxygen, wherein the unit of the standard values is mg/L;
the Hakanson risk potential index reflects the potential ecological hazard of deposit metal contaminants and is used for characterizing the quality of deposits, and the formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003465847530000022
Figure FDA0003465847530000023
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0003465847530000024
the potential ecological hazard coefficient of the ith heavy metal;
Figure FDA0003465847530000025
the toxicity coefficient of the ith heavy metal; ciIs the measured value of the ith heavy metal;
Figure FDA0003465847530000026
is a reference value; RI is a comprehensive index of potential hazards of various heavy metals; RI less than 150 is a slight ecological risk, RI less than or equal to 150 and less than 300 is a medium ecological risk, RI less than or equal to 300 and less than 600 is a strong ecological risk, and RI more than or equal to 600 is a very strong ecological risk.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) scores evaluation indexes according to the satisfaction degree and adaptability of the natural attributes and social attributes of the planned sea area to the ecological requirements of the development and utilization of the proliferative marine ranch, wherein the evaluation scores are respectively 6, 4, 2 and 0, and the evaluation criteria corresponding to the evaluation scores are as follows:
Figure FDA0003465847530000027
Figure FDA0003465847530000031
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein when the evaluation score of one or more secondary indexes among the evaluation indexes is 0, the ecological suitability of the breeding type marine ranch is 0; when the evaluation scores of all the evaluation indexes are greater than 0, the ecological suitability measurement formula of the proliferation type marine ranch is as follows:
Figure FDA0003465847530000032
in the formula, HIS is ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch, i is the ith secondary index, and wiIs the weighted value of the ith secondary index, wiDerived from analytic hierarchy process, SIiAn evaluation score representing the ith secondary index; when the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch is 4-6, the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch in the investigation region is very suitable; when the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch is 2-4, the ecological suitability of the proliferation type marine ranch in the investigation region is suitable; when the ecological suitability of the breeding type marine ranch is 0, the ecological suitability of the breeding type marine ranch in the investigation region is not suitable.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an ecological suitability profile is drawn according to the ecological suitability of the breeding type marine ranch, and the planned marine area is divided into a very suitable area, a suitable area and an unsuitable area according to the ecological suitability.
CN202210029506.XA 2021-11-09 2022-01-12 Method for evaluating ecological suitability of proliferative marine ranch Pending CN114118877A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116739817A (en) * 2023-08-08 2023-09-12 广州桓乐生态环境科技有限公司 Marine organism diversity monitoring system and data processing method
CN118297459A (en) * 2024-03-29 2024-07-05 交通运输部规划研究院 Ecological fitness evaluation method for coastal port planning shoreline and readable storage medium

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116739817A (en) * 2023-08-08 2023-09-12 广州桓乐生态环境科技有限公司 Marine organism diversity monitoring system and data processing method
CN116739817B (en) * 2023-08-08 2024-01-19 广州桓乐生态环境科技有限公司 Marine organism diversity monitoring system and data processing method
CN118297459A (en) * 2024-03-29 2024-07-05 交通运输部规划研究院 Ecological fitness evaluation method for coastal port planning shoreline and readable storage medium

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