CN114117983B - Equivalent simulation model of single-phase series distributed power flow controller - Google Patents
Equivalent simulation model of single-phase series distributed power flow controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN114117983B CN114117983B CN202111435799.3A CN202111435799A CN114117983B CN 114117983 B CN114117983 B CN 114117983B CN 202111435799 A CN202111435799 A CN 202111435799A CN 114117983 B CN114117983 B CN 114117983B
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F30/30—Circuit design
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
- H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses an equivalent simulation model of a single-phase series distributed power flow controller. At present, when the number of the distributed power flow controllers connected in series is large, a detailed model is used, and the problem of long electromagnetic transient simulation time exists. The equivalent simulation model of the invention comprises a lightning arrester and an equivalent resistor R eq Equivalent voltage source u eq Equivalent inductance L eq The equivalent resistance R eq Equivalent voltage source u eq And equivalent inductance L eq Serially connected and then connected in parallel with a lightning arrester; the equivalent resistance R eq And equivalent voltage source u eq The magnitude calculation of the lightning arrester adopts a Thevenin equivalent circuit method, and the voltage balance of the serial distributed power flow controller is assumed when the parameters of the lightning arrester are selected. The invention greatly reduces the node number of each phase of series distributed power flow controller unit, and obviously improves the simulation speed while ensuring the simulation precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of distributed power flow controllers, and relates to an equivalent simulation model of a single-phase series distributed power flow controller.
Background
The operation characteristics of the modern power grid are increasingly complex, particularly the problems of flow control and flexible new energy consumption after the large-capacity power supply is layered and connected into the power grid are increasingly outstanding, the phenomena of large flow fluctuation and unbalanced distribution are serious in the operation process of the power grid, the limit of important and key power supply sections is low, the bottleneck of the limitation of the power supply capacity of the power grid is formed, and the operation efficiency of the power grid asset is also low; meanwhile, due to the fact that land resources are scarce, the difficulty of newly-built transmission line channels is increased, and traditional tide control means comprise means of changing operation modes, adjusting output of a generator, adjusting load and the like, the precision, rapidness and flexibility of controlling tide are insufficient, and the effect is very limited, so that a brand-new and flexible tide control means is needed.
A Distributed Power Flow Controller (DPFC) is proposed as a new flexible power flow control device, which has the functions of optimizing power grid power flow distribution and improving power flow conveying capacity. The series transformer-free distributed power flow controller directly strings into a line in a mode of cascading a plurality of modules, and achieves the purpose of changing the equivalent impedance of the line and realizes the active power flow control of the line by injecting voltage components with adjustable amplitude and approximately perpendicular phase angles to the current of the line into the line.
The distributed power flow controller is quite different from a Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), firstly, a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) part on the parallel side of the unified power flow controller is omitted, and secondly, a series transformer-free mode is adopted to directly connect modules into a line, so that the power flow controller has the advantages of light weight, small occupied area, low cost, high reliability, high expansibility, flexible arrangement and the like. The distributed power flow controller can be applied to a power transmission network, can be installed in a transformer substation in a distributed manner, and has the functions of optimizing system operation, balancing and optimizing power flow distribution, limiting overload of a power flow section and inhibiting power oscillation and subsynchronous resonance.
As a novel flexible power flow control device, the electromagnetic transient characteristics of the distributed power flow controller after being connected into a power grid are not clear, and the overvoltage level of the distributed power flow controller under various faults is required to be simulated and analyzed in engineering, so that insulation matching is carried out.
At present, a detailed circuit model is often used for simulating and analyzing the electromagnetic transient characteristics of the distributed power flow controllers after the distributed power flow controllers are connected into a power grid, but when the number of the distributed power flow controllers connected in series of a power transmission line is large, a great deal of simulation time is consumed by using the detailed model to analyze the electromagnetic transient characteristics and the overvoltage level of the distributed power flow controllers, and the calculation efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem that the electromagnetic transient simulation time of a detailed model is long when the serial number of the distributed power flow controllers is large, the invention provides an equivalent simulation model of a single-phase serial distributed power flow controller suitable for overvoltage analysis, which can greatly improve the simulation efficiency while ensuring the simulation precision.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: an equivalent simulation model of a single-phase series distributed power flow controller comprises a lightning arrester and an equivalent resistor R eq Equivalent voltage source u eq Equivalent inductance L eq The equivalent resistance R eq Equivalent voltage source u eq And equivalent inductance L eq Serially connected and then connected in parallel with a lightning arrester;
the equivalent resistance R eq And equivalent voltage source u eq The magnitude calculation of the lightning arrester adopts a Thevenin equivalent circuit method, and the voltage balance of the serial distributed power flow controller is assumed when the parameters of the lightning arrester are selected.
Further, when the structure of the voltage source controller in the distributed power flow controller unit consists of 4 IGBTs and anti-parallel diodes, the two IGBTs are connected in series and then connected in parallel at two ends of a capacitor; the voltage and the current of the port of the voltage source controller are u respectively SM And i SM The capacitance value is C, the capacitance voltage is u C The current flowing through the capacitor is i C ;
The 4 IGBTs are used for 4 time-varying resistors R 1 、R 2 、R 3 And R is 4 The resistance value is 1mΩ when the IGBT is on, 1mΩ when the IGBT is off, and the capacitance is dispersed into the resistance R C And a voltage source u C Is a series of resistors R C And a voltage source u C The calculations of (1) to (2) are as follows:
R C =Δt/2C (1)
u C (t)=R C i C (t)+u C (t-Δt) (2)
wherein deltat is the simulation step length, and t is the simulation time;
the Thevenin equivalent circuit of the voltage source controller in the distributed power flow controller unit comprises a single equivalent resistor R SM And a single equivalent voltage source u connected in series therewith SM Wherein a single equivalent resistance R SM And a single equivalent voltage source u SM The calculation formulas of (a) are formulas (3) - (4);
the Thevenin equivalent circuits of the voltage source controllers in all the distributed power flow controller units on the single-phase transmission line are connected in series to obtain an equivalent simulation model of the single-phase series distributed power flow controller, which is equal to the equivalent simulation modelEffective resistance R eq And equivalent voltage source u eq The calculation formulas of (a) are shown in formulas (5) - (6):
wherein i and N respectively represent the serial numbers and the numbers of the serial distributed power flow controller units on the single-phase power transmission line.
Further, assuming that the voltage distribution of the distributed power flow controller units connected in series on the single-phase line is balanced, the bridge arm inductances of the distributed power flow controller units on the single-phase line are connected in series to obtain an equivalent inductance L in an equivalent simulation model eq 。
Still further, because each distributed power flow controller unit port is connected with the lightning arrester with the same V-I characteristic in parallel, parameters of the lightning arrester in the equivalent simulation model are corrected on the basis of parameters of the lightning arrester of the distributed power flow controller unit, namely, the voltage value of the lightning arrester port of the equivalent simulation model under the same current is N times of the voltage of the lightning arrester port of the distributed power flow controller unit.
Further, the capacitance is discretized into a resistor R by adopting a numerical integration method C And a voltage source u C Is a series of (a) and (b).
Further, the numerical integration method is a trapezoid integration method or a backward Euler method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the electromagnetic transient simulation using a detailed model of the distributed power flow controller units, the distributed power flow controller units connected in series on the single-phase transmission line are equivalent to the port equivalent circuits of the voltage source, the series resistance inductor and the parallel MOV by using the method of the Thevenin equivalent circuit, so that the node number of each phase of the series distributed power flow controller units is greatly reduced, the simulation precision is ensured, and the simulation speed is obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topology diagram of a distributed power flow controller unit main circuit in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an equivalent simulation model of a single-phase series distributed power flow controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the equivalent process of the distributed power flow controller unit according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 (a) is a block diagram of a voltage source controller in a distributed power flow controller unit according to the present invention; FIG. 3 (b) is a diagram showing an equivalent model of a voltage source controller in a distributed power flow controller unit according to the present invention; FIG. 3 (c) is an equivalent circuit diagram of a voltage source controller in a distributed power flow controller unit according to the present invention; fig. 3 (d) is a diagram of the equivalent circuit of the voltage source controller in the distributed power flow controller unit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the distributed power flow controller unit is composed of a voltage source controller VSC, a filter, a bypass switch BPS, and a lightning arrester MOV. The voltage source converter VSC works in a reactive output state, and each subunit control target is to inject a voltage perpendicular to the line current into the power transmission line, so that the voltage source converter VSC presents inductance/capacitance characteristics to change the impedance of the line, and therefore the regulation of active power and reactive power transmitted by the line is realized.
A plurality of distributed power flow controller units are connected in series in a single-phase power transmission line, and an equivalent simulation model of the single-phase series distributed power flow controller provided by the invention is shown in figure 2. The equivalent simulation model of the distributed power flow controller comprises an arrester MOV and an equivalent resistor R eq Equivalent voltage source u eq Equivalent inductance L eq The equivalent resistance R eq Equivalent voltage source u eq And equivalent inductance L eq Serially connected and then connected in parallel with a lightning arrester; wherein the equivalent resistance R eq And equivalent voltage source u eq Method for calculating the size of the lightning arrester by using Thevenin equivalent circuit and selecting parameters of the lightning arrester by using serial distributionAssumption of voltage equalization for the power flow controller unit.
The calculation of the Thevenin equivalent circuit is illustrated with the voltage source controller in one distributed power flow controller unit. The structure of the voltage source controller VSC in the distributed power flow controller unit consists of 4 IGBTs (g 1-g 4) and anti-parallel diodes, which are connected in series and then in parallel at two ends of a capacitor, as shown in FIG. 3 (a); the voltage and the current of the port of the voltage source controller are u respectively SM And i SM The capacitance value is C, the capacitance voltage is u C The current flowing through the capacitor is i C 。
In the equivalent model shown in FIG. 3 (b), 4 IGBTs (g 1-g 4) are respectively provided with 4 time-varying resistors R 1 、R 2 、R 3 And R is 4 The IGBT has small resistance value (1 mΩ) when turned on, has large resistance (1 mΩ) when turned off, and adopts numerical integration (trapezoidal integration or backward Euler method) to disperse the capacitance into resistance R C And a voltage source u C Is a series of resistors R C And a voltage source u C The calculations of (1) to (2) are as follows:
R C =Δt/2C (1)
u C (t)=R C i C (t)+u C (t-Δt) (2)
wherein Δt is a simulation step length, t is a simulation time, and the equivalent circuit is shown in fig. 3 (c).
From fig. 3 (c), the Thevenin equivalent circuit of the voltage source controller in the distributed power flow controller unit can be found, as shown in fig. 3 (d), which includes a single equivalent resistor R SM And a single equivalent voltage source u connected in series therewith SM Wherein a single equivalent resistance R SM And a single equivalent voltage source u SM The calculation formulas of (2) are formulas (3) - (4).
The Thevenin equivalent circuits of the voltage source controllers in all the distributed power flow controller units on the single-phase transmission line are connected in series to obtain an equivalent simulation model of the single-phase series distributed power flow controller, and the equivalent resistance R of the equivalent simulation model is shown in figure 2 eq And equivalent voltage source u eq The calculation formulas of (a) are shown in formulas (5) - (6):
wherein i and N respectively represent the serial numbers and the numbers of the serial distributed power flow controller units on the single-phase power transmission line.
Assuming that the voltage distribution of the distributed power flow controller units connected in series on the single-phase line is balanced, connecting bridge arm inductors of the distributed power flow controller units on the single-phase line in series to obtain an equivalent inductance L in an equivalent simulation model eq . Because each distributed power flow controller unit port is connected with the lightning arrester with the same V-I characteristic in parallel, parameters of the lightning arrester in the equivalent simulation model are corrected on the basis of parameters of the lightning arrester of the distributed power flow controller unit, namely, the voltage value of the lightning arrester port of the equivalent simulation model under the same current is N times of the voltage of the lightning arrester port of the distributed power flow controller unit.
According to the equivalent process, an equivalent simulation model of the single-phase transmission line series distributed power flow controller unit can be obtained, as shown in fig. 2.
Compared with the electromagnetic transient simulation using the detailed model of the distributed power flow controller unit, the equivalent simulation model of the distributed power flow controller provided by the invention can greatly improve the simulation efficiency. Taking 9 distributed power flow controller units in single-phase series connection of a power transmission line as an example, establishing an electromagnetic transient simulation model of the distributed power flow controller, setting the simulation duration to be 2s, and setting the simulation step length to be 20 mu s. When simulation is performed by using a detailed model of the distributed power flow controller, the time consumed by one simulation is 327.46s; when the distributed flow controller equivalent model provided by the invention is used for simulation, the time consumed by one simulation is 4.25s, and the acceleration ratio is 77.
For the detailed model of the distributed power flow controller unit, the distributed power flow controller unit is built according to the complete structure of the distributed power flow controller, each unit comprises a large number of electrical nodes, and the simulation speed is greatly reduced when the number of the units is large. According to the invention, the distributed power flow controller units connected in series on the single-phase transmission line are equivalent to the port equivalent circuits of the voltage source, the series resistance inductor and the parallel lightning arrester MOV by using the Thevenin equivalent method, so that the node number of each phase of the series distributed power flow controller units is greatly reduced, and the simulation speed of an equivalent simulation model is remarkably improved. In essence, the model replaces circuit operation in simulation software with self programming of a user, and the purpose of improving simulation speed is achieved, so that in theory, the equivalent method only has small numerical errors when capacitance dispersion is equivalent to a circuit.
The foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the present invention and the accompanying drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The equivalent simulation model of the single-phase series distributed power flow controller is characterized by comprising a lightning arrester and an equivalent resistor R eq Equivalent voltage source u eq Equivalent inductance L eq The equivalent resistance R eq Equivalent voltage source u eq And equivalent inductance L eq Serially connected and then connected in parallel with a lightning arrester;
the equivalent resistance R eq And equivalent voltage source u eq The magnitude calculation of the lightning arrester adopts a Thevenin equivalent circuit method, and the voltage balance of the serial distributed power flow controller is assumed when the parameters of the lightning arrester are selected;
when the voltage source controller in the distributed power flow controller unitWhen the structure is composed of 4 IGBTs and anti-parallel diodes, every two IGBTs are connected in series and then connected in parallel at two ends of a capacitor; the voltage and the current of the port of the voltage source controller are u respectively SM And i SM The capacitance value is C, the capacitance voltage is u C The current flowing through the capacitor is i C ;
The 4 IGBTs are used for 4 time-varying resistors R 1 、R 2 、R 3 And R is 4 The resistance value is 1mΩ when the IGBT is on, 1mΩ when the IGBT is off, and the capacitance is dispersed into the resistance R C And a voltage source u C Is a series of resistors R C And a voltage source u C The calculations of (1) to (2) are as follows:
R C =Δt/2C(1)
u C (t)=R C i C (t)+u C (t-Δt)(2)
wherein deltat is the simulation step length, and t is the simulation time;
the Thevenin equivalent circuit of the voltage source controller in the distributed power flow controller unit comprises a single equivalent resistor R SM And a single equivalent voltage source u connected in series therewith SM Wherein a single equivalent resistance R SM And a single equivalent voltage source u SM The calculation formulas of (a) are formulas (3) - (4);
the Thevenin equivalent circuits of the voltage source controllers in all the distributed power flow controller units on the single-phase transmission line are connected in series to obtain an equivalent simulation model of the single-phase series distributed power flow controller, and the equivalent resistance R of the equivalent simulation model is obtained eq And equivalent voltage source u eq The calculation formulas of (a) are shown in formulas (5) - (6):
wherein i and N respectively represent the serial numbers and the numbers of the serial distributed power flow controller units on the single-phase power transmission line.
2. The equivalent simulation model of single-phase series distributed power flow controller according to claim 1, wherein the bridge arm inductors of the distributed power flow controller units on the single-phase line are connected in series to obtain the equivalent inductance L in the equivalent simulation model, assuming that the voltage distribution of the distributed power flow controller units connected in series on the single-phase line is balanced eq 。
3. The equivalent simulation model of single-phase series distributed power flow controller according to claim 2, wherein the lightning arrester with the same V-I characteristic is connected in parallel to each port of the distributed power flow controller unit, so that parameters of the lightning arrester in the equivalent simulation model are corrected on the basis of parameters of the lightning arrester of the distributed power flow controller unit, namely, the voltage value of the port of the lightning arrester of the equivalent simulation model under the same current is N times of the voltage of the port of the lightning arrester of the distributed power flow controller unit.
4. The equivalent simulation model of a single-phase series distributed power flow controller according to claim 1, wherein a numerical integration method is adopted to disperse the capacitance into the resistance R C And a voltage source u C Is a series of (a) and (b).
5. The equivalent simulation model of a single-phase series distributed power flow controller according to claim 4, wherein the numerical integration method is a trapezoidal integration method or a backward euler method.
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